Fully mechanized coal mining face intelligent dust isolation and catching and air return way centralized dust extraction and purification device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of coal mine underground dust removal, and relates to a fully mechanized coal mining face intelligent dust isolation and catching and return airway centralized dust extraction and purification device and method, and the system is a three-dimensional prevention and control system formed by an intelligent water film net dust blocking and isolation system and a return airway centralized dust extraction and purification system. The intelligent water film net system senses the position of the coal mining machine through infrared signals, automatically adjusts the form of the water film net, forms a dynamic dust catching barrier, and is matched with the ultramicro mist spraying unit to improve the dust falling efficiency. And the return airway centralized dust extraction and purification system performs centralized purification on escaping dust through a negative pressure dust collection cover and a large-air-volume dust remover. The system realizes two-stage protection of blocking and interception of dust diffusion and tail end escape purification, remarkably reduces the dust concentration, ensures the health of miners, improves the safety production level of mines, and is suitable for dust treatment of fully mechanized coal mining faces of coal mines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of underground dust removal in coal mines, and relates to an intelligent dust isolation and dust collection device and a centralized dust extraction and purification device for a fully mechanized mining working face and a return air lane. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, continuous advancements in coal mining technology have significantly increased the mechanization and intelligence of coal mining. While this change has improved coal mining efficiency, it has also significantly increased dust generation in fully mechanized mining faces. In fully mechanized mining faces underground, operations such as shearer cutting and coal wall collapse generate large amounts of dust. This dust, carried by face airflow, continuously spreads to the work area, posing a serious threat to miners' health and mine safety.

[0003] Specifically, during the coal cutting process, the friction between the shearer drum and the coal wall, as well as the collapse of the coal wall, will generate a large amount of dust. According to statistics, during the cutting operation in the fully mechanized mining face, the dust concentration at the hydraulic support walkway can reach 500mg / m 3 This concentration far exceeds the national standard for workplace dust concentration. High dust concentrations not only easily induce occupational hazards such as pneumoconiosis, but also increase the risk of dust explosions, seriously threatening mine safety production.

[0004] To address dust issues in fully mechanized mining faces, the coal mining industry has implemented a range of dust control technologies. These technologies primarily include coal seam water injection, internal and external spray dust suppression within coal mining machinery, source-tracking spray dust suppression within coal mining machinery, and dust extraction and purification technologies using dust collectors. However, these technologies all have varying degrees of drawbacks in practical application.

[0005] Coalbed water injection reduces dust generation by injecting water into the coal seam. However, in low-porosity coal seams, water injection is often less effective. To improve water injection effectiveness, methods such as alternating dynamic and static pressure injection or the addition of chemical penetrants are often required. This not only increases costs but also lacks accurate prediction models for water injection parameters, making it difficult to stably control water injection results.

[0006] Coal mining machinery internal and external spray dust suppression technologies and coal mining machinery dust source tracking spray dust suppression technologies reduce dust concentrations by spraying water mist onto the shearer or coal wall. However, the large droplet size of these technologies is not compatible with the dynamic characteristics of fine dust, resulting in a capture rate of less than 20% of respirable dust. Furthermore, excessive spraying can deteriorate the working environment at the working face and affect miners' normal work.

[0007] Airborne dust collector technology uses a dust collector mounted on the shearer to extract and purify dust. However, due to the limited installation space and volume, airborne dust collectors typically have low dust extraction air volume and a limited negative pressure suction range. Under the high air volume conditions of fully mechanized mining faces, airborne dust collectors have low dust collection efficiency, and cutting dust easily escapes and spreads uncontrollably, resulting in limited dust reduction effectiveness.

[0008] In summary, the coal mining industry currently faces numerous challenges in dust control within fully-mechanized mining faces. To effectively address these challenges and improve dust control effectiveness within fully-mechanized mining faces, the development of more advanced and efficient dust control technologies and devices is necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent dust isolation and dust collection device and method for a fully mechanized mining working face and a centralized dust extraction and purification device for the return air lane, so as to solve the existing problems.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an intelligent dust isolation and dust collection device for the comprehensive mining working face and a centralized dust extraction and purification device for the return air lane, including an intelligent water film net dust isolation system distributedly installed on a hydraulic support, a centralized dust extraction and purification system for the return air lane arranged in the return air lane, and an infrared collaborative unit; the intelligent water film net dust isolation system includes a water film net dust isolation curtain, an automatic lifting roller curtain mechanism, an ultra-fine mist spray device, an electric ball valve, a signal receiver and a counterweight rod; the water film net dust isolation curtain is detachably connected to the reel assembly of the automatic lifting roller curtain mechanism through a high-strength connector; the automatic lifting roller curtain mechanism is electrically driven and integrated with a water film net storage device to drive the water film net dust isolation curtain along the vertical direction Vertical lift; ultra-fine mist spray device is arranged on the top of the water film mesh dust curtain, includes a micro mist nozzle and sprays on the surface of the water film mesh dust curtain; electric ball valve controls the opening and closing of the water supply pipeline; the signal receiver receives infrared signals; the counterweight rod is fixed on the bottom of the water film mesh dust curtain; the return air channel centralized dust extraction and purification system includes a gradually expanding negative pressure dust hood, a large air volume dust collector, a crawler mobile platform, a mobile platform control box and a mobile position signal receiver; the inlet of the gradually expanding negative pressure dust hood is contoured to match the return air channel cross-section; the large air volume dust collector is rigidly connected to the negative pressure dust hood; the crawler mobile platform carries the negative pressure dust hood and the large air volume dust collector; the infrared coordination unit includes an infrared signal transmitter installed on the coal mining machine body.

[0011] Optionally, the water film mesh dust curtain is formed by a three-dimensional weaving process, and the base material is an anti-static and flame-retardant fiber composite fabric. It is arranged on the top beam of the hydraulic support parallel to the coal mining working face and located above the cable trough of the working face.

[0012] Optionally, the automatic lifting roller shutter mechanism drives the reel at a constant speed through a servo motor, responding to the control signal of the signal receiver to realize the lifting and lowering of the water film mesh dust curtain, and the lifting range covers the vertical space from the top beam of the hydraulic support to the top of the cable trough.

[0013] Optionally, the ultra-fine mist spray device is connected to an electric ball valve through a water supply pipeline, and the micro-mist nozzle sprays toward the surface of the water film net dust curtain to form a dense water film barrier.

[0014] Optionally, the signal receiver and the infrared signal transmitter constitute an infrared positioning system. When the infrared signal of the coal mining machine is received, the rolling curtain mechanism of the current and adjacent upper / return air side systems is controlled to synchronously retract the water film mesh dust curtain and close the electric ball valve at the same time.

[0015] Optionally, a pedestrian passage for the return air duct is reserved on the side of the gradually expanding negative pressure dust collecting hood, the inlet cross section is matched with the cross section of the return air duct, and is rigidly connected to the large air volume dust collector to form a closed dust extraction channel.

[0016] Optionally, the crawler-type mobile platform realizes dynamic adjustment of the position of the negative pressure dust collecting hood as the working surface advances through the mobile platform control box and the mobile position signal receiver.

[0017] Optionally, the water film net storage device is integrated into the automatic lifting roller shutter mechanism, and the water film net dust-proof curtain is completely hidden in the storage cavity in the storage state.

[0018] Optionally, the counterweight rod is fixed to the bottom edge of the water film mesh dust-proof curtain to maintain the water film mesh dust-proof curtain in a vertical state.

[0019] The method for intelligent dust isolation and dust collection in a fully mechanized mining working face and centralized dust extraction and purification in a return air lane uses the above-mentioned intelligent dust isolation and dust collection in a fully mechanized mining working face and centralized dust extraction and purification in a return air lane, and includes the following steps:

[0020] (a) Initial state: The water film net dust curtain is lowered, the electric ball valve is opened, and the ultra-fine mist spray device forms a water film barrier to isolate the pedestrian passage of the fully mechanized mining face from the dust-generating area;

[0021] (b) When the shearer is cutting coal: the infrared signal transmitter triggers the signal receiver, which controls the rolling curtain mechanism to retract the water film net dust curtain to the storage device and close the electric ball valve at the same time;

[0022] (c) After the coal mining machine passes: the water film screen dust curtain is automatically lowered after a delay of 5–30 seconds and the spraying is restarted;

[0023] (d) The escaping dust is moistened by ultrafine mist, sucked by the negative pressure dust collection hood in the return air lane, and purified by a large air volume dust collector;

[0024] (e) The crawler mobile platform synchronously follows the advancement of the working surface by moving the position signal receiver.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1) Dynamic dust isolation and capture, physically preventing dust from spreading: This invention utilizes an intelligent, infrared-sensing water-film dust barrier system to create a dynamic water-film dust barrier between the hydraulic support walkway and the coal mining face. This barrier adjusts in real time to the position of the shearer, effectively isolating the dust-generating area from the working area, ensuring that workers on the face are always exposed to fresh air, significantly reducing the risk of dust exposure.

[0027] 2) Ultrafine mist sprayer linked with a water film net enhances dust reduction efficiency: The linkage between the ultrafine mist sprayer and the water film net ensures precise synchronization of the spray opening and closing with the raising and lowering of the water film net. The ultrafine mist sprayer produces fine and evenly distributed droplets, significantly increasing the probability of collision and capture of fine dust particles, especially respirable dust, along the way. This design also significantly reduces water consumption, significantly improving the working environment and reducing humidity compared to conventional spraying technologies.

[0028] 3) Centralized dust extraction and purification in the return airway, ensuring efficient end-of-pipe treatment: The centralized dust extraction and purification system in the return airway utilizes a negative pressure dust hood and a high-volume dust collector to centrally extract and purify residual dust in the return airflow. The negative pressure dust hood features a gradually expanding structure that conforms to the return airway cross-section, improving dust collection efficiency. The high-volume dust collector utilizes either a wet or dry type, depending on the need, ensuring thorough dust removal. Furthermore, this system dynamically adjusts as the work surface advances, ensuring smooth flow in the return airway.

[0029] 4) Multi-level protection system achieves zero dust emissions: This invention establishes a continuous spatiotemporal dust control network for the coal mining face. This includes dynamic barriers to isolate and capture dust at the source, ultra-fine fog fields along the way to enhance the wetting, agglomeration, and sedimentation of fine dust, and negative pressure centralized dust extraction in the return airflow to purify residual dust. This multi-level protection system provides comprehensive, full-process dust control, ultimately achieving zero dust emissions from the coal mining face.

[0030] 5) Intelligent control improves operational convenience and safety: The intelligent water film net dust isolation system is automatically controlled by an intelligent control box. This intelligent control box, equipped with infrared signal reception and control signal transmission capabilities, accurately senses the shearer's position and automatically adjusts the water film net's elevation. This intelligent control not only improves operational convenience but also ensures stable operation under complex operating conditions, further enhancing mine safety.

[0031] 6) Improved working environment and safeguarded miners' health: By implementing the dust control device and method described in this invention, dust concentration in fully mechanized mining faces is effectively controlled, significantly improving the working environment. This not only reduces miners' risk of occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis, but also improves their work comfort and productivity, providing a strong guarantee for the sustainable development of the mine.

[0032] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0034] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the layout of the dust isolation and dust collection system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A side view schematic diagram of the dust isolation and dust collection system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the centralized dust extraction and purification system for the return air lane of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the automated water film net dust blocking and isolation system of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a large air volume dust collector for a return air lane of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the flow of the intelligent dust isolation and collection and return air channel centralized dust extraction and purification device and method in the present invention.

[0040] Figure markings: 1-hydraulic support, 2-coal mining machine, 3-water film net dust curtain, 4-automatic lifting curtain mechanism, 5-infrared signal transmitter, 6-coal mining machine drum, 7-negative pressure dust hood, 8-large air volume dust collector, 9-crawler mobile platform, 10-return air tunnel, 11-pedestrian passage of comprehensive mining face, 12-pedestrian passage of return air tunnel, 13-comprehensive mining working face, 14-water film net storage device, 15-ultra-fine mist spray device, 16-electric ball valve, 17-water supply pipe, 18-counterweight rod, 19-micro mist nozzle, 20-signal receiver, 21-mobile platform control box, 22-mobile position signal receiver. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by means of specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0042] Among them, the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the accompanying drawings.

[0043] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships, they are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] See also Figures 1 to 6 This invention describes an intelligent dust isolation and capture system for fully mechanized mining working faces and a centralized dust extraction and purification system for return airways. This system aims to address the challenge of high-concentration dust control in fully mechanized mining working faces, improving mine safety and worker health. The system comprises an intelligent water-membrane dust isolation system and a centralized return airway dust removal system, forming a three-dimensional control system. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0045] Example 1,

[0046] Intelligent water film net dust blocking and isolation system

[0047] System composition:

[0048] The ultra-fine mist spray device 15 comprises a preferred micro-mist nozzle 19 , which is connected to the electric ball valve 16 via a water supply pipe 17 and is used to spray and moisten the surface of the flexible water film net dust curtain 3 .

[0049] Flexible water film net component for dust isolation and dust prevention with integrated automatic rolling curtain mechanism: The water film net dust isolation curtain 3 is formed by a three-dimensional weaving process, and the base material is made of corrosion-resistant fiber composite fabric with anti-static and flame-retardant properties. The edge is detachably connected to the scroll assembly of the electrically driven automatic rolling curtain mechanism 4 through a high-strength connector to achieve vertical lifting and lowering along the scroll.

[0050] It also includes a counterweight rod 18 fixed to the bottom of the water film mesh dust-proof curtain. The counterweight rod 18 is fixed to the bottom edge of the water film mesh dust-proof curtain 3 to maintain the water film mesh dust-proof curtain 3 in a vertical state.

[0051] Infrared signal transmitter 5: It is fixedly installed in the middle of the coal mining machine body and can continuously emit infrared signals to sense the position of the coal mining machine.

[0052] Intelligent control box: This integrated box consists of an infrared signal receiving unit, a programmable logic control unit, and an electric ball valve. It has the functions of receiving infrared signals and sending control signals. It transmits control signals to the dust-isolating flexible water membrane mesh assembly and the electric ball valve through internal programmable control logic. The intelligent control box includes a signal receiver 20 for receiving infrared signals.

[0053] System pipeline: connect the ultra-fine mist spray device 15, electric ball valve 16 and other components to ensure the smooth flow of the system water channel.

[0054] Working principle:

[0055] Each hydraulic support 1 is equipped with an intelligent water film net dust-blocking and dust isolation system. The ultra-fine mist spray device 15 and the dust-blocking and dust-blocking flexible water film net with integrated automatic rolling shutter mechanism are arranged on the top beam of the hydraulic support parallel to the coal mining working face and located above the cable trough of the working face, isolating the dust-generating area of the working face from the hydraulic support walkway.

[0056] When the intelligent control box is powered on, the flexible water film mesh dust-proof curtain 3 falls, the electric ball valve 16 opens, and the ultra-fine mist spray device 15 sprays water mist to the flexible water film mesh dust-proof curtain 3, forming a dense water film barrier on its surface.

[0057] When the coal mining machine 2 is performing coal cutting operations, when the infrared signal receiving unit of a certain intelligent control box receives the infrared signal emitted by the infrared signal transmitter 5, the logic control unit in the intelligent control box sends a control signal to several adjacent intelligent control boxes through the built-in program to control the automatic rolling curtain mechanism 4 of multiple intelligent water film network dust blocking and isolation systems on the upper and return air sides including itself (the number of controls is mainly pre-set according to the length of the coal mining machine).

[0058] At this time, the servo motor drives the rolling curtain mechanism assembly to rewind the water film net dust curtain 3 at a constant speed, so that it is smoothly lifted into the water film net storage device 14 to store the water film net dust curtain 3, avoiding visual obstruction when the coal mining machine driver is working, and at the same time sends a closing signal to the electric ball valve 16 to cut off the system water channel.

[0059] Within the range of the control signal, the intelligent control box that receives the control signal will maintain the working state of the water film net dust curtain 3 being stored and the water channel being cut off.

[0060] Outside the range of the control signal, when the smart control box does not receive the control signal, it will delay for a certain period of time (the delay time can be adjusted through the control program), and the smart control box will control the automatic rolling curtain mechanism 4 to move, and drop the water film net dust curtain 3 at a constant speed, and at the same time send an opening signal to the electric ball valve 16 to open the system water channel. At this time, the smart control box returns to the initial state of power-on work.

[0061] Example 2,

[0062] Centralized dust extraction and purification system for return air channel

[0063] System composition:

[0064] Negative pressure dust collecting hood 7: adopts a gradually expanding dust collecting hood structure, the inlet cross section of which is contour matched with the cross section of the return air laneway 10, and a pedestrian passage is left for collecting residual dust in the return air flow.

[0065] Large air volume dust collector 8: Use wet or dry dust collector to centrally extract and purify the return air flow.

[0066] Track-type or crawler-type mobile platform 9: carries the negative pressure dust collecting hood 7 and the large air volume dust collector 8, and can realize dynamic adjustment of its spatial posture as the working surface advances.

[0067] The crawler-type mobile platform 9 realizes dynamic adjustment of the position of the negative pressure dust collecting hood as the working surface advances through the mobile platform control box 21 and the mobile position signal receiver 22.

[0068] Working principle:

[0069] The centralized dust extraction and purification system in the return air channel constructs a terminal control system for dust escaping from the working face, which mainly consists of a negative pressure dust collecting hood 7 and a large air volume dust collector 8 to form a functional closed loop.

[0070] The negative pressure dust hood 7 and the large air volume dust collector 8 are rigidly connected and the whole is carried by a track-type or crawler-type mobile platform 9, which can realize dynamic adjustment of the spatial posture of the negative pressure dust hood 7 and the large air volume dust collector 8 as the working surface advances, thereby ensuring the dust collection efficiency.

[0071] System synergy and effect: The system and method work together through the front-end dynamic isolation and capture barrier and the back-end negative pressure dust extraction and purification to build a two-level protection system for blocking and intercepting the spread of dust on the coal mining working surface and purifying it at the end. When the coal mining machine 2 is cutting, the friction between the coal mining machine drum 6 and the coal wall and the collapse of the coal wall will generate a large amount of dust. The intelligent water film network dust blocking and dust isolation system in the response area automatically adjusts the shape of the dust isolation and dust collection barrier according to the infrared signal source, forming an active protection zone that moves with the dust source. The escaped dust that is not captured is continuously wetted and weighted by the ultra-fine fog field during its diffusion to the return air channel 10, and is finally concentratedly extracted and purified by the large air volume dust collector 8 in the return air channel. This technical solution that combines dynamic tracking with static prevention and control effectively solves the bottlenecks such as the inability of traditional dust reduction technologies to effectively prevent dust diffusion and the inability to completely eradicate dust on the coal mining working surface. It is particularly suitable for dust control in coal mine comprehensive mining working faces.

[0072] The present invention uses an intelligent water film net dust blocking and isolation system to form a dynamic water film dust collection barrier between the pedestrian passage 11 of the fully mechanized mining face and the coal mining working face, effectively isolating the spread of dust; the ultra-fine mist spray and the water film net are linked in design to improve the dust reduction efficiency and improve the working environment; the return air lane centralized dust extraction and purification system efficiently purifies the residual dust in the return air flow to ensure the normal passage of the pedestrian passage 12 in the return air lane; a spatiotemporal continuous dust prevention and control network for the coal mining working face is constructed to achieve zero dust emission; infrared signal sensing and intelligent control box control are used to improve operational convenience and safety, ensuring stable operation of the system; significantly reduce dust concentration, protect the health of miners, and improve production efficiency.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Intelligent dust isolation and collection device for fully mechanized mining working face and centralized dust extraction and purification device for return air lane, characterized by: It includes an intelligent water film net dust blocking and isolation system installed on a distributed hydraulic support, a return air lane centralized dust extraction and purification system in the return air lane, and an infrared collaborative unit; The intelligent water film net dust blocking and isolation system includes a water film net dust blocking curtain, an automatic lifting roller curtain mechanism, an ultra-fine mist spray device, an electric ball valve, a signal receiver and a counterweight rod; The water-film mesh dust screen is detachably connected to the roller assembly of the automatic roller curtain mechanism via a high-strength connector. The automatic roller curtain mechanism is electrically driven and integrated with a water-film mesh storage device, driving the water-film mesh dust screen to rise and fall vertically. An ultra-fine mist spray device is located at the top of the water-film mesh dust screen and includes a micro-mist nozzle that sprays the water-film mesh dust screen surface. An electric ball valve controls the opening and closing of the water supply pipeline. A signal receiver receives infrared signals. A counterweight rod is fixed to the bottom of the water-film mesh dust screen. The centralized dust extraction and purification system for the return air channel includes a gradually expanding negative pressure dust collection hood, a large air volume dust collector, a crawler-type mobile platform, a mobile platform control box, and a mobile position signal receiver; The inlet of the gradually expanding negative pressure dust hood is contoured to match the cross section of the return air duct; the high-volume dust collector is rigidly connected to the negative pressure dust hood; the crawler-type mobile platform carries the negative pressure dust hood and the high-volume dust collector; The infrared coordination unit includes an infrared signal transmitter installed on the coal mining machine body.

2. The intelligent dust isolation and collection device for fully mechanized mining working face and centralized dust extraction and purification device for return air lane according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water film mesh dust curtain is formed by a three-dimensional weaving process, and the base material is an anti-static and flame-retardant fiber composite fabric. It is arranged on the top beam of the hydraulic support parallel to the coal mining working face and located above the cable trough of the working face.

3. The intelligent dust isolation and collection device for fully mechanized mining working face and centralized dust extraction and purification device for return air lane according to claim 1 is characterized by: The automatic lifting roller curtain mechanism drives the roller at a constant speed through a servo motor, responds to the control signal of the signal receiver to realize the lifting of the water film mesh dust curtain, and the lifting range covers the vertical space from the top beam of the hydraulic support to the top of the cable trough.

4. The intelligent dust isolation and collection device for fully mechanized mining working face and centralized dust extraction and purification device for return air lane according to claim 1 is characterized by: The ultra-fine mist spray device is connected to the electric ball valve through a water supply pipeline, and the micro-mist nozzle sprays toward the surface of the water film net dust curtain to form a dense water film barrier.

5. The intelligent dust isolation and collection device for fully mechanized mining working face and centralized dust extraction and purification device for return air lane according to claim 1 is characterized by: The signal receiver and the infrared signal transmitter constitute an infrared positioning system. When the infrared signal of the coal mining machine is received, the rolling curtain mechanism of the current and adjacent upper / return air side systems is controlled to synchronously retract the water film mesh dust curtain and close the electric ball valve at the same time.

6. The intelligent dust isolation and collection device for fully mechanized mining working face and centralized dust extraction and purification device for return air lane according to claim 1 is characterized by: A pedestrian passage for the return air lane is reserved on the side of the gradually expanding negative pressure dust collecting hood, the inlet cross section is matched with the cross section of the return air lane, and is rigidly connected to the large air volume dust collector to form a closed dust extraction channel.

7. The intelligent dust isolation and collection device for fully mechanized mining working face and centralized dust extraction and purification device for return air lane according to claim 1 is characterized by: The crawler-type mobile platform realizes dynamic adjustment of the position of the negative pressure dust collecting hood as the working surface advances through the mobile platform control box and the mobile position signal receiver.

8. The intelligent dust isolation and collection device for fully mechanized mining working face and centralized dust extraction and purification device for return air lane according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water film net storage device is integrated into the automatic lifting roller curtain mechanism, and the water film net dust-proof curtain is completely hidden in the storage cavity in the storage state.

9. The intelligent dust isolation and collection device for fully mechanized mining working face and centralized dust extraction and purification device for return air lane according to claim 1 is characterized by: The counterweight rod is fixed to the bottom edge of the water film mesh dust-proof curtain to maintain the vertical state of the water film mesh dust-proof curtain.

10. A method for intelligent dust isolation and collection for fully mechanized mining working faces and centralized dust extraction and purification in return air lanes, using the intelligent dust isolation and collection for fully mechanized mining working faces and centralized dust extraction and purification in return air lanes as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (a) Initial state: The water film net dust curtain is lowered, the electric ball valve is opened, and the ultra-fine mist spray device forms a water film barrier to isolate the pedestrian passage of the fully mechanized mining face from the dust-generating area; (b) When the shearer is cutting coal: the infrared signal transmitter triggers the signal receiver, which controls the rolling curtain mechanism to retract the water film net dust curtain to the storage device and close the electric ball valve at the same time; (c) After the coal mining machine passes: the water film screen dust curtain is automatically lowered after a delay of 5–30 seconds and the spraying is restarted; (d) The escaping dust is moistened by ultrafine mist, sucked by the negative pressure dust collection hood in the return air lane, and purified by a large air volume dust collector; (e) The crawler mobile platform synchronously follows the advancement of the working surface by moving the position signal receiver.

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