Metal hydride power generation system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy power generation, and particularly relates to a metal hydride power generation system which comprises an AB metal hydride reaction bed module and a BA metal hydride reaction bed module. The hydrogen absorption and desorption circulation of discharging high-pressure hydrogen at a relatively high temperature and absorbing low-pressure hydrogen at a relatively low temperature is completed; and part of high-pressure hydrogen released by the A-type metal hydride is used for expansion acting power generation, and part of the high-pressure hydrogen is used for completing hydrogen absorption and desorption circulation of the B-type metal hydride, so that efficient hydrogen energy power generation is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of hydrogen power generation technology, and in particular relates to a metal hydride power generation system. Background Art

[0002] Energy shortages, environmental pollution, and global climate change have made the development of clean, efficient, safe, and sustainable energy sources urgent. Hydrogen energy is gaining increasing attention in a growing number of countries. Hydrogen is an ideal clean fuel. As environmental protection measures become increasingly stringent worldwide, hydrogen power generation equipment, due to its energy-saving and low-emission characteristics, has become a key research and development focus and has already begun commercialization. Traditional hydrogen-fired power generation equipment suffers from low efficiency, necessitating the development of more efficient hydrogen power generation equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a metal hydride power generation system to solve the problem of low efficiency of current hydrogen-fired power generation equipment.

[0004] An embodiment of the present application provides a metal hydride power generation system, including a -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed, a -50°C metal hydride reaction bed, a B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed, an A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed, an A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed, an A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed, an A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed, a first air heat exchanger, a second air heat exchanger, a multi-stage expansion generator, a battery and a central heat exchanger.

[0005] In each metal hydride reaction bed, a first metal hydride cavity and a second metal hydride cavity are alternately provided, and a copper plate is provided between adjacent first metal hydride cavities and second metal hydride cavities. The first metal hydride cavity and the second metal hydride cavity are used to load metal hydride. In any metal hydride reaction bed, a first gas collecting cavity is provided at the top of each first metal hydride cavity. The first gas collecting cavity is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline and the first metal hydride delivery pipeline. A valve is provided on the hydrogen absorption pipeline, and a gate is provided on the first metal hydride delivery pipeline. A second gas collecting cavity is provided at the top of each second metal hydride cavity. The second gas collecting cavity is connected to the hydrogen discharge pipeline and the second metal hydride delivery pipeline. A valve is provided on the hydrogen discharge pipeline, and a gate is provided on the second metal hydride delivery pipeline. In any metal hydride reaction bed, a filter and a gas collecting chamber are provided at the bottom of each first metal hydride cavity, the gas collecting chamber is connected to the first gas pipeline, and a valve is provided on the first gas pipeline. A filter and a gas collecting chamber are provided at the bottom of each second metal hydride cavity, the gas collecting chamber is connected to the second gas pipeline, and a valve is provided on the second gas pipeline.

[0006] In each metal hydride reaction bed, the metal hydrides in two adjacent metal hydride cavities realize reaction heat exchange through the copper plate.

[0007] The -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed and the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed comprise the AB metal hydride reaction bed module, which generates high-pressure hydrogen for use in the multi-stage expansion generator and the BA metal hydride reaction bed module, completing the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle of the loaded metal hydride. The B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed, the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed, the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed, the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed, and the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed comprise the BA metal hydride reaction bed module. The BA metal hydride reaction bed module utilizes some of the high-pressure hydrogen generated by the AB metal hydride reaction bed module to produce more equivalent medium-pressure hydrogen to supplement the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module.

[0008] In a metal hydride reaction bed at -2.8°C, the heat of reaction released when metal hydride B absorbs hydrogen is used by metal hydride A to release hydrogen. In a metal hydride reaction bed at -50°C, the heat of reaction released when metal hydride A absorbs hydrogen is used by metal hydride B to release hydrogen.

[0009] In the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed, the heat of reaction released when the A4' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the B1' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation. In the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed, the heat of reaction released when the B1' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the A1' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation. In the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed, the heat of reaction released when the A1' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the A2' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation. In the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed, the heat of reaction released when the A2' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the A3' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation. In the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed, the heat of reaction released when the A3' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the A4' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation.

[0010] The A4' metal hydride is circulated between the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed and the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed. The B1' metal hydride is circulated between the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed and the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed. The A1' metal hydride is circulated between the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed and the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed. The A2' metal hydride is circulated between the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed and the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed. The A3' metal hydride is circulated between the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed and the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed.

[0011] The hydrogen desorption pipeline corresponding to metal hydride A in the -2.8°C metal hydride reactor bed is divided into two routes. The first route passes through the second tube section of the first air heat exchanger and is connected to the first-stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator. The first-stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator undergoes heat exchange through the third tube section of the first air heat exchanger and returns to the second-stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator. The second-stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator undergoes heat exchange through the fourth tube section of the first air heat exchanger and returns to the third-stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator. The third-stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator undergoes heat exchange through the fifth tube section of the first air heat exchanger and returns to the fourth-stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator. The fourth-stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator passes through the first tube section of the first air heat exchanger and is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal hydride B in the -2.8°C metal hydride reactor bed. The second route passes through the first, second, and third shell sections of the central heat exchanger in sequence and exits the central heat exchanger. The third shell section outlet of the central heat exchanger is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal hydride B1' in the B1'A1' metal hydride reactor bed. The hydrogen degassing line corresponding to the B1' metal hydride in the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed is divided into two parts. The first part is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed. The second part, after passing through the second tube pass of the second air heat exchanger, is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed. The hydrogen degassing line corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed passes through the second tube pass of the central heat exchanger and the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45, and is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6. The hydrogen degassing line corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed passes through the first tube pass of the central heat exchanger and the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger, and is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed. The hydrogen release pipeline corresponding to the A3' metal hydride in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed after passing through the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger.

[0012] The hydrogen release pipeline corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed passes through the fourth tube side of the second air heat exchanger and the fourth shell side of the central heat exchanger in sequence, and is connected to the expansion inlet of the turbocharger. The expansion outlet of the turbocharger is connected to the first tube side inlet of the second air heat exchanger. The first tube side outlet of the second air heat exchanger is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipe corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed.

[0013] The hydrogen degassing line corresponding to metal hydride B in the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed is divided into four parts, the first of which is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to metal hydride A in the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed. The second part is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to metal hydride A2' in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds via the second tube pass of the second air heat exchanger. The third part is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to metal hydride A3' in the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds via the third tube pass of the second air heat exchanger. The fourth part is connected to the compression inlet of the turbocharger. The compression outlet of the turbocharger is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to metal hydride B in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed after passing through the third and fourth tube passes of the central heat exchanger and the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger.

[0014] The multi-stage expansion generator is connected to the battery, and the electricity generated by the multi-stage expansion generator is stored in the battery and then supplied externally.

[0015] Specifically, the metal hydride loaded in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed, the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed, the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed, the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed, the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed, the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed, and the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed may be the same or different. The type of metal hydrogen storage material is selected based on the actual needs of heat exchange between the metal hydride reaction beds.

[0016] Specifically, metal hydride A, metal hydride A1', metal hydride A2', metal hydride A3', and metal hydride A4' are temperature-inverse metal hydrogen storage materials. Temperature-inverse metal hydrogen storage materials are defined as absorbing low-pressure hydrogen and releasing heat at low temperatures, and releasing high-pressure hydrogen and cooling at high temperatures.

[0017] B metal hydride and B1' metal hydride are temperature-dependent metal hydrogen storage materials. Temperature-dependent metal hydrogen storage materials are defined as absorbing high-pressure hydrogen at high temperatures to release high-temperature heat, and releasing low-pressure hydrogen at low temperatures to release low-temperature cooling.

[0018] Specifically, the metal hydride power generation system also includes a pressurized hydrogen exchange center. This center is located between each metal hydride reaction bed and is equipped with multiple gas storage chambers as needed to store hydrogen at different pressures and temperatures. Each gas storage chamber in the pressurized hydrogen exchange center is connected at both ends to the hydrogen absorption and desorption pipelines of two adjacent metal hydride reaction beds. Each gas storage chamber in the pressurized hydrogen exchange center is equipped with a pressure stabilizing device.

[0019] Specifically, each metal hydride reaction bed is provided with a corresponding intermediate constant temperature box, which is used to temporarily store the metal hydride when the metal hydride is transferred.

[0020] Pneumatic conveying is used to move the metal hydride between the two metal hydride reaction beds. Other conveying methods can also be used instead of pneumatic conveying to transfer and transport the metal hydride between the metal hydride reaction beds. High-pressure hydrogen can be used for pneumatic conveying. This high-pressure hydrogen can enter the metal hydride reaction beds through a first and second gas delivery pipelines located at the bottom of the metal hydride reaction beds. After pneumatic conveying, the hydrogen pressure decreases and enters a low-pressure gas tank. It can then be pressurized by a conveying blower and stored in the gas tank for recycling.

[0021] Any metal hydride is divided into two equal parts and loaded into the corresponding first and second metal hydride cavities, respectively, with hydrogen absorption and desorption occurring simultaneously. This helps ensure continuity of high- and low-pressure hydrogen and hydrogen absorption and desorption operations within the system. After completing a single hydrogen absorption / desorption cycle, the two equal parts of the metal hydride can be pneumatically transported through the corresponding intermediate constant-temperature box to swap loading positions and switch between hydrogen desorption and absorption, thus completing the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle.

[0022] Specifically, fast reaction tanks are respectively set between the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed and the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed, between the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed and the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed, between the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed and the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed, between the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed and the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed, between the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed and the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed, and between the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed and the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed. Each fast reaction tank stores hydrogen at the temperature and pressure required for the corresponding metal hydride to absorb and desorb hydrogen. Before the metal hydride absorbs and desorbs hydrogen, the hydrogen in the corresponding fast reaction tank is introduced, thereby triggering the metal hydride to quickly enter the hydrogen absorption and desorption mode, stimulating the metal hydride to absorb and desorb hydrogen quickly.

[0023] Specifically, fast reaction tanks storing hydrogen at the same temperature and pressure are combined.

[0024] The metal hydride power generation system provided in the embodiment of the present application, by providing an AB metal hydride reaction bed module and a BA metal hydride reaction bed module, fully utilizes the heat and cold generated by the B-type metal hydride when absorbing and releasing hydrogen to couple with an appropriate A-type metal hydride, so that it completes a hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle of releasing high-pressure hydrogen at a relatively high temperature and absorbing low-pressure hydrogen at a relatively low temperature; the high-pressure hydrogen released by the A-type metal hydride is partially used for expansion to generate power, and partially used to complete the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle of the B-type metal hydride, thereby achieving efficient hydrogen power generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the metal hydride power generation system provided in Example 1 of the present application; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module in Example 1; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the BA metal hydride reaction bed module in Example 1; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the metal hydride reaction bed in Example 1; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle part I; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of Part II; Figure 7 The curve of hydrogen absorption and desorption of metal hydride changes with pressure and temperature; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pressurized hydrogen replacement center 3 in Example 1.

[0027] Among them: 1 - multi-stage expansion generator, 2 - battery, 3 - pressure hydrogen replacement center, 4 - intermediate constant temperature box, 6 - -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction bed, 7 - -50℃ metal hydride reaction bed, 22 - first metal hydride cavity, 23 - second metal hydride cavity, 24 - copper plate, 25 - hydrogen absorption pipeline, 26 - first metal hydride delivery pipeline, 27 - hydrogen release pipeline, 28 - second metal hydride delivery pipeline, 29 - insulation layer, 30 - first delivery gas pipeline, 31 - second delivery gas pipeline, 32 - B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed, 33 - first gas collecting cavity, 34 - second gas collecting cavity, 35 - filter, 36 - delivery gas collecting cavity, 38 - A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed, 39—A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed, 40—A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed, 41—A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed, 44—first air heat exchanger, 441—first tube side of the first air heat exchanger, 442—second tube side of the first air heat exchanger, 443—third tube side of the first air heat exchanger, 444—fourth tube side of the first air heat exchanger, 445—fifth tube side of the first air heat exchanger, 45—second air heat exchanger, 46—turbocharger, 69—central heat exchanger, 80—AB metal hydride reaction bed module, 81—BA metal hydride reaction bed module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures and techniques are provided for purposes of illustration rather than limitation to facilitate a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application may be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to avoid obscuring the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

[0029] In order to illustrate the technical solution described in this application, specific embodiments are provided below. Example 1

[0030] Example 1 of the present application provides a metal hydride power generation system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6, a -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7, a B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32, an A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38, an A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39, an A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40, an A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41, a first air heat exchanger 44, a second air heat exchanger 45, a multi-stage expansion generator 1, a battery 2 and a central heat exchanger 69. The above equipment is all arranged in an insulated casing.

[0031] The -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 and the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7 constitute the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80, see Figure 2 As shown. The AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 is used to generate 2.5MPa high-pressure hydrogen to supply the multi-stage expansion generator 1 and the BA metal hydride reaction bed module 81, and complete the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle of the loaded metal hydride. The B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32, the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38, the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39, the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40 and the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41 constitute the BA metal hydride reaction bed module 81, see Figure 3 The BA metal hydride reaction bed module 81 utilizes part of the 2.5 MPa high-pressure hydrogen produced by the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 to produce more equivalent medium-pressure hydrogen to supplement the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 .

[0032] In each metal hydride reaction bed, alternating first and second metal hydride cavities 22 and 23 are provided, with a copper plate 24 between adjacent first and second metal hydride cavities. The first and second metal hydride cavities 22 and 23 are used to load metal hydrides. In any metal hydride reaction bed, a first gas collection chamber 33 is provided at the top of each first metal hydride cavity 22. The first gas collection chamber 33 is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline 25 and the first metal hydride delivery pipeline 26. The hydrogen absorption pipeline 25 is provided with a valve, and the first metal hydride delivery pipeline 26 is provided with a gate. The top of each second metal hydride cavity 23 is provided with a second gas collection chamber 34. The second gas collection chamber 34 is connected to the hydrogen discharge pipeline 27 and the second metal hydride delivery pipeline 28. The hydrogen discharge pipeline 27 is provided with a valve, and the second metal hydride delivery pipeline 28 is provided with a gate. In any metal hydride reaction bed, a filter screen 35 and a gas delivery chamber 36 are provided at the bottom of each first metal hydride cavity 22. The gas delivery chamber 36 is connected to the first gas delivery pipeline 30, and a valve is provided on the first gas delivery pipeline 30. A filter screen 35 and a gas delivery chamber 36 are provided at the bottom of each second metal hydride cavity 23. The gas delivery chamber 36 is connected to the second gas delivery pipeline 31, and a valve is provided on the second gas delivery pipeline 31. The filter screen is used to prevent metal hydride from entering the gas delivery chamber 36 and facilitate the entry of the delivery gas. An insulating layer 29 is provided around the metal hydride reaction bed. The structure of the metal hydride reaction bed is shown in FIG. Figures 4 to 6 shown.

[0033] In the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6, the reaction heat released when metal hydride B absorbs hydrogen is used for dehydrogenation by metal hydride A. In the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7, the reaction heat released when metal hydride A absorbs hydrogen is used for dehydrogenation by metal hydride B.

[0034] In the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41, the heat of reaction released when the A4' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the B1' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation. In the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32, the heat of reaction released when the B1' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the A1' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation. In the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38, the heat of reaction released when the A1' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the A2' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation. In the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39, the heat of reaction released when the A2' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the A3' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation. In the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40, the heat of reaction released when the A3' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the A4' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation. In each metal hydride reaction bed, the metal hydrides in two adjacent metal hydride cavities achieve reaction heat exchange through the copper plate 24 .

[0035] Any metal hydride in the system is divided into two equal parts, loaded into the corresponding first and second metal hydride cavities, respectively, and simultaneously absorbs and releases hydrogen, helping to achieve continuity of high- and low-pressure hydrogen and hydrogen absorption and desorption operations within the system. After the two equal parts of the metal hydride simultaneously complete a single hydrogen absorption / desorption operation, they can be pneumatically conveyed through the corresponding intermediate constant-temperature box to swap the loading positions and switch between hydrogen desorption and absorption operations, thus completing the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle.

[0036] The A4' metal hydride is circulated between the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40 and the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41. The B1' metal hydride is circulated between the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41 and the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32. The A1' metal hydride is circulated between the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32 and the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38. The A2' metal hydride is circulated between the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38 and the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39. The A3' metal hydride is circulated between the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39 and the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40. The metal hydride can be moved between the two metal hydride reaction beds using pneumatic conveying, or other conveying methods can be used instead of pneumatic conveying to transfer and transport the metal hydride between the metal hydride reaction beds. Pneumatic conveying can use high-pressure hydrogen; this high-pressure hydrogen can enter the metal hydride reaction bed through a first conveying gas line 30 and a second conveying gas line 31 provided at the bottom of the metal hydride reaction bed. After pneumatic conveying, the hydrogen pressure decreases and enters a low-pressure gas tank. It can then be pressurized by a conveying blower and stored in the conveying gas tank for recycling.

[0037] Both the first air heat exchanger 44 and the central heat exchanger 69 are multi-stage heat exchangers. The gas entering each shell-side section of the first air heat exchanger 44 is ambient air. The central heat exchanger 69 consists of four sections, each performing independent heat exchange. The gas entering the shell-side section of the second air heat exchanger 45 is ambient air at approximately 20°C (other ambient air temperatures are acceptable).

[0038] The hydrogen release pipeline corresponding to metal hydride A in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 is divided into two routes, wherein the first route is connected to the first-stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator 1 through the second section pipe side 442 of the first air heat exchanger 44, the first-stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator 1 returns to the second-stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator 1 after heat exchange through the third section pipe side 443 of the first air heat exchanger 44, the second-stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator 1 returns to the third-stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator 1 after heat exchange through the fourth section pipe side 444 of the first air heat exchanger 44, the third-stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator 1 returns to the fourth-stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator 1 after heat exchange through the fifth section pipe side 445 of the first air heat exchanger 44, and the fourth-stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator 1 is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal hydride B in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 through the first section pipe side 441 of the first air heat exchanger 44. The second route passes through the first, second, and third shell sides of the central heat exchanger 69 in sequence before exiting the central heat exchanger 69. The outlet of the third shell side of the central heat exchanger 69 is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B1' metal hydride in the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32. The hydrogen discharge pipeline corresponding to the B1' metal hydride in the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41 is divided into two parts, the first part of which is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41. The second part passes through the second tube side of the second air heat exchanger 45 and is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39.

[0039] The hydrogen release pipeline corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32 passes through the second tube pass of the central heat exchanger 69 and the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45, and is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6. The hydrogen release pipeline corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38 passes through the first tube pass of the central heat exchanger 69 and the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45, and is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6. The hydrogen release pipeline corresponding to the A3' metal hydride in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39 passes through the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45, and is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6.

[0040] The hydrogen release pipeline corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40 passes through the fourth tube side of the second air heat exchanger 45 and the fourth shell side of the central heat exchanger 69 in sequence, and is then connected to the expansion inlet of the turbocharger 46. The expansion outlet of the turbocharger 46 is connected to the first tube side inlet of the second air heat exchanger 45. The first tube side outlet of the second air heat exchanger 45 is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38.

[0041] The hydrogen degassing line corresponding to metal hydride B in the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7 is divided into four sections, the first of which is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to metal hydride A in the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7. The second section is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to metal hydride A2 in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds 39 via the second tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45. The third section is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to metal hydride A3 in the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds 40 via the third tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45. The fourth section is connected to the compression inlet of the turbocharger 46. The compression outlet of the turbocharger 46 is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to metal hydride B in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 after passing through the third and fourth tube passes of the central heat exchanger 69 and the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45.

[0042] The multi-stage expansion generator 1 is connected to the battery 2. The power generated by the multi-stage expansion generator 1 is stored in the battery 2 and then supplied to the outside.

[0043] The first metal hydride cavity and the second metal hydride cavity of each metal hydride reaction bed are respectively filled with metal hydrides, and the types of metal hydrides can be the same or different. The type and filling thickness of the metal hydride can be selected according to the actual needs of heat exchange between the metal hydride reaction beds. Figure 1In the illustrated embodiment, the hydrogen absorption conditions of metal hydride A filled in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 and the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7 are -49°C and 0.15 MPa, and the hydrogen desorption conditions are -2.8°C and 2.5 MPa, with a packing thickness of 0.7 mm. The hydrogen absorption conditions of metal hydride B are -1.8°C and 0.76 MPa, and the hydrogen desorption conditions are -50°C and 0.15 MPa, with a packing thickness of 0.83 mm. The hydrogen absorption conditions of metal hydride A1' filled in the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32 and the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38 are 11.2°C and 0.15 MPa, and the hydrogen desorption conditions are 49°C and 0.76 MPa. The A2' metal hydride filled in the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction beds 38 and the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds 39 operates at hydrogen absorption conditions of -19.5°C and 0.15 MPa, and dehydrogenation conditions of 10.2°C and 0.76 MPa. The A3' metal hydride filled in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds 39 and the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds 40 operates at hydrogen absorption conditions of -44.4°C and 0.15 MPa, and dehydrogenation conditions of -20.5°C and 0.76 MPa. The A4' metal hydride filled in the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds 40 and the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction beds 41 operates at hydrogen absorption conditions of -49°C and 0.15 MPa, and dehydrogenation conditions of -45.4°C and 0.2 MPa. The hydrogen absorption conditions of the B1' metal hydride filled in the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41 and the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32 are: 50° C., 2.5 MPa, and the hydrogen release conditions are: -50° C., 0.15 MPa.

[0044] Metal hydride A, A1', A2', A3', and A4' are temperature-independent metal hydrogen storage materials. Metal hydride B and B1' are temperature-independent metal hydrogen storage materials. Metal hydrogen storage materials with negative temperature dependence are defined as absorbing low-pressure hydrogen at low temperatures and releasing heat, while releasing high-pressure hydrogen and cooling at high temperatures. Metal hydrogen storage materials with positive temperature dependence are defined as absorbing high-pressure hydrogen at high temperatures and releasing high-temperature heat, while releasing low-pressure hydrogen at low temperatures and cooling at low temperatures.

[0045] In this application, the basic formula of type A metal hydrogen storage material is MN5 type, where M is lanthanum and N is nickel. The molecular weight of M is 138.9, the molecular weight of N is 58.7, and the total molecular weight of MN5 type is 432.4. Lanthanum accounts for 32% and nickel accounts for 68% in the basic formula. A and A4' metal hydrogen storage materials are basic formulas. A1' metal hydrogen storage material mainly adds cesium element to the basic formula for adjustment. A2' metal hydrogen storage material mainly adds iridium element to the basic formula for adjustment. A3' metal hydrogen storage material mainly adds zirconium element to the basic formula for adjustment. Type A metal hydrogen storage material may also add other ingredients for fine-tuning, such as manganese, aluminum, iron, chromium, copper, and molybdenum.

[0046] The basic formula of B type metal hydrogen storage material is PQ2 type, where P is titanium and Q is iron, manganese, and chromium (mainly manganese and chromium). In addition, vanadium and zirconium may be added for adjustment. For the platform area, taking A type metal hydrogen storage material as an example, its total hydrogen absorption and desorption capacity is 1.35% (mass percentage), and the effective hydrogen absorption and desorption capacity is 1.2% (platform area). The curve of metal hydride hydrogen absorption and desorption with pressure and temperature is shown in Figure 7 All metal hydrides or metal hydrogen storage materials with "A" in their names in this application are classified as Type A metal hydrogen storage materials; all metal hydrides or metal hydrogen storage materials with "B" in their names in this application are classified as Type B metal hydrogen storage materials.

[0047] Figure 1 The working process of the metal hydride power generation system shown is as follows: 142.6 g / s, 0.76 MPa, -1.8°C hydrogen is supplied to the metal hydride B filled in the first metal hydride cavity 22 of the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 to absorb hydrogen and release heat. The heat is used to make the metal hydride A filled in the second metal hydride cavity 23 of the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 release 102.5 g / s, -2.8°C, 2.5 MPa hydrogen.

[0048] The first part of the hydrogen gas at 73.1 g / s, -2.8°C, and 2.5 MPa is heated to 15°C through the second tube section of the first air heat exchanger 44, and the hydrogen gas at 73.1 g / s, 15°C, and 2.5 MPa enters the multi-stage expansion generator 1. After the first three stages do work, the pressure is reduced to 1.85 MPa, 1.38 MPa, and 1.02 MPa respectively. The hydrogen gas after the first three stages do work enters the third, fourth, and fifth tube sections of the first air heat exchanger 44 respectively for heat exchange to 15°C. After the fourth stage of the multi-stage expansion generator 1 does work, it is converted into hydrogen gas at -8.6°C and 0.76 MPa. The hydrogen gas at 73.1 g / s, -8.6°C, and 0.76 MPa is heated to -1.8°C through the first tube section of the first air heat exchanger 44, and then enters the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6. The ambient air at normal temperature and pressure passes through the shell side of the first air heat exchanger 44 for heat exchange and is then discharged.

[0049] The second part of hydrogen at 29.4 g / s, -2.8°C, and 2.5 MPa passes through the first shell side, the second shell side, and the third shell side of the central heat exchanger 69 in sequence, and is heated to 45.5°C. It is then supplied to the B1' metal hydride loaded in the first metal hydride cavity 22 of the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32 to absorb hydrogen and release heat at 50°C and 2.5 MPa. The heat is used to make the A1' metal hydride loaded in the second metal hydride cavity 23 of the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32 release hydrogen at 21.1 g / s, 49°C, and 0.76 MPa. The hydrogen gas at 21.1 g / s, 49°C, and 0.76 MPa passes through the second tube pass of the central heat exchanger 69 and the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45, and its temperature changes to -18°C before being connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6.

[0050] Hydrogen gas at 21.1 g / s, 11.2°C, and 0.15 MPa is supplied to the A1' metal hydride contained in the first metal hydride cavity 22 of the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38. At 11.2°C and 0.15 MPa, the A1' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen and releases heat. This heat is then used to cause the A2' metal hydride contained in the second metal hydride cavity 23 of the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38 to release hydrogen gas at 21.1 g / s, 10.2°C, and 0.76 MPa. The 21.1 g / s, 10.2°C, and 0.76 MPa hydrogen gas passes through the first tube pass of the central heat exchanger 69 and the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45, where its temperature drops to -1.8°C. The hydrogen gas then connects to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6.

[0051] Hydrogen at a rate of 21.1 g / s, -19.5°C, and 0.15 MPa is supplied to the A2' metal hydride contained in the first metal hydride cavity 22 of the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39. At -19.5°C and 0.15 MPa, the A2' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen and releases heat. This heat is then used to release hydrogen at a rate of 21.1 g / s, -20.5°C, and 0.76 MPa from the A3' metal hydride contained in the second metal hydride cavity 23 of the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39. The 21.1 g / s, -20.5°C, and 0.76 MPa hydrogen is heated to -1.8°C in the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45 and connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6.

[0052] The hydrogen gas at 21.1 g / s, -44.4°C and 0.15 MPa is supplied to the A3' metal hydride loaded in the first metal hydride cavity 22 of the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40 to absorb hydrogen and release heat at -44.4°C and 0.15 MPa. The heat is used to make the A4' metal hydride loaded in the second metal hydride cavity 23 of the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40 release hydrogen gas at 21.1 g / s, -45.4°C and 0.2 MPa. The hydrogen gas at 21.1 g / s, -45.4°C, and 0.2 MPa passes through the fourth tube side of the second air heat exchanger 45 and the fourth shell side of the central heat exchanger 69 in sequence, and is heated to 20°C. It then enters the expansion inlet of the turbocharger 46, expands to 0.15 MPa, and then passes through the first tube side inlet of the second air heat exchanger 45, is heated to 11.2°C, and is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38.

[0053] 21.1 g / s of hydrogen gas at -49°C and 0.15 MPa is supplied to the A4' metal hydride contained in the first metal hydride cavity 22 of the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41. At -49°C and 0.15 MPa, the A4' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen and releases heat. The B1' metal hydride contained in the second metal hydride cavity 23 of the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41 absorbs this heat and releases 29.4 g / s of hydrogen gas at -50°C and 0.15 MPa. The 21.1 g / s of hydrogen gas at -50°C and 0.15 MPa is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41. The remaining hydrogen gas at -50°C and 0.15 MPa is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39 after heat exchange in the second tube side of the second air heat exchanger 45 .

[0054] 102.5 g / s, 0.15 MPa, -50°C hydrogen is supplied to Metal Hydride A contained in the first metal hydride cavity 22 of the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7, where it absorbs hydrogen at -49°C and 0.15 MPa, releasing heat. This heat is then used to cause Metal Hydride B contained in the second metal hydride cavity 23 of the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7 to release 142.6 g / s of hydrogen at -50°C and 0.15 MPa. The 142.6 g / s, -50°C, 0.15 MPa hydrogen is divided into four portions, the first portion of which, 102.5 g / s, 0.15 MPa, -50°C hydrogen, is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to Metal Hydride A in the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7. The second portion of hydrogen, at a rate of 12.8 g / s, 0.15 MPa, and -50°C, is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39 via the second tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45. The third portion of hydrogen, at a rate of 21.1 g / s, 0.15 MPa, and -50°C, is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the A3' metal hydride in the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40 via the third tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45. The fourth portion of hydrogen, at a rate of 6 g / s, 0.15 MPa, and -50°C, is connected to the compression inlet of the turbocharger 46. After being compressed to 0.76 MPa, it passes through the third and fourth tube passes of the central heat exchanger 69 and the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45, and is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6.

[0055] In the metal hydride power generation system provided in this embodiment, the thermal energy of the ambient air can be used to transmit approximately 100 kW of power.

[0056] The embodiment of the present application uses pneumatic conveying to transfer the metal hydrides in each metal hydride reaction bed, and the conveying fluid can be hydrogen. A corresponding intermediate constant temperature box 4 can be configured for each metal hydride reaction bed, and the intermediate constant temperature box 4 is used to temporarily store the metal hydride when transferring the metal hydride. Taking the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction bed 6 and the -50℃ metal hydride reaction bed 7 as examples, the metal hydride A after dehydrogenation in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction bed 6 can be first transferred to the corresponding intermediate constant temperature box 4, and the metal hydride A after hydrogen absorption in the -50℃ metal hydride reaction bed 7 can be transferred to the corresponding intermediate constant temperature box 4; then the metal hydride A after dehydrogenation is transferred from the corresponding intermediate constant temperature box to the -50℃ metal hydride reaction bed 7 for subsequent hydrogen absorption; and the metal hydride A after hydrogen absorption is transferred from the corresponding intermediate constant temperature box to the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction bed 6 for subsequent hydrogen dehydrogenation.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen absorption cycle and hydrogen release cycle of the metal hydrogen storage material in each metal hydride reaction bed are consistent. In actual applications, the hydrogen absorption cycle and hydrogen release cycle of the metal hydrogen storage material may be consistent or inconsistent. When the hydrogen absorption cycle of the metal hydrogen storage material absorbing hydrogen ends, the part of the metal hydrogen storage material is transferred to the corresponding metal hydride reaction bed for the hydrogen release cycle; when the hydrogen release cycle of the metal hydrogen storage material releasing hydrogen ends, the part of the metal hydrogen storage material is transferred to the corresponding metal hydride reaction bed for the hydrogen absorption cycle. The metal hydrogen storage materials in each metal hydride reaction bed perform hydrogen absorption / desorption operations in this way repeatedly. For metal hydrogen storage materials that are negatively correlated with temperature: the part of the metal hydrogen storage material that has just been transferred to the corresponding metal hydride reaction bed and will be used for dehydrogenation is at a low temperature. At this time, the hydrogen in each gas storage chamber of the pressure hydrogen replacement center 3 is introduced in sequence from low pressure to high pressure to absorb hydrogen and release heat, so that this part of the metal hydrogen storage material gradually heats up to a temperature close to the dehydrogenation temperature; and the part of the metal hydrogen storage material that has just been transferred to the corresponding metal hydride reaction bed and will be used for dehydrogenation is at a high temperature. The sensible heat of this part of the metal hydrogen storage material is used to dehydrogenate, so that this part of the metal hydrogen storage material gradually cools down to a temperature close to the hydrogen absorption temperature. At the same time, hydrogen of different pressures will be released in sequence from high pressure to low pressure, and will be sent to each gas storage chamber of the pressure hydrogen replacement center 3 for storage. For metal hydrogen storage materials with positive temperature dependence, the opposite is true: the portion of the metal hydrogen storage material that has just been transferred to the corresponding metal hydride reaction bed and will be used for hydrogen release is at a high temperature. The sensible heat of this portion of the metal hydrogen storage material is used to release hydrogen, causing the metal hydrogen storage material to gradually cool down to a temperature close to the hydrogen release temperature. At the same time, hydrogen gas of varying pressures is released sequentially, from high pressure to low pressure, and is then sent to the various gas storage chambers of the pressure hydrogen exchange center 3 for storage. Meanwhile, the portion of the metal hydrogen storage material that has just been transferred to the corresponding metal hydride reaction bed and will be used for hydrogen absorption is at a low temperature. At this time, hydrogen gas from the various gas storage chambers of the pressure hydrogen exchange center 3 is introduced sequentially, from low pressure to high pressure, to absorb hydrogen and release heat, causing the metal hydrogen storage material to gradually heat up to a temperature close to the hydrogen absorption temperature. Regardless of whether the metal hydrogen storage material is negatively or positively temperature dependent, the amount of hydrogen gas of varying pressures consumed by the metal hydrogen storage material from the pressure hydrogen exchange center 3 as it heats up is equal to the amount of hydrogen gas of varying pressures sent to the pressure hydrogen exchange center as the metal hydrogen storage material cools down. Through the pressurized hydrogen replacement center 3 and the above-mentioned operating process, the sensible heat released by the metal hydrogen storage material during the cooling process when the metal hydrogen storage material switches between the hydrogen absorption / desorption processes can be effectively recovered; and the heating loss of the metal hydrogen storage material during the heating process when the metal hydrogen storage material switches between the hydrogen absorption / desorption processes can be significantly reduced.

[0058] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure hydrogen replacement center 3 in Example 1. The following describes the operation of the hydrogen absorption and desorption and pressure hydrogen replacement center 3, taking the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 and the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7 of the 100kw hydrogen power generation system in this embodiment as examples: The pressure hydrogen replacement center 3 is divided into 15 gas storage chambers, which store hydrogen at 2.15MPa, 1.85MPa, 1.59MPa, 1.35MPa, 1.15MPa, 0.98MPa, 0.82MPa, 0.69MPa, 0.58MPa, 0.48MPa, 0.40MPa, 0.33MPa, 0.27MPa, 0.22MPa, and 0.18MPa in order from high pressure to low pressure.

[0059] A metal hydride hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle steps: The valve of the hydrogen absorption line 25 of the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7 is opened, and 0.15 MPa of hydrogen is input. The metal hydride A filled in the first metal hydride cavity 22 of the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7 begins to absorb hydrogen. At the same time, the metal hydride A filled in the second metal hydride cavity 23 of the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 begins to release hydrogen, and the valve of the hydrogen release line 27 of the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 is opened to output 2.5 MPa of hydrogen.

[0060] The metal hydride A loaded in the first metal hydride cavity 22 of the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7 finishes absorbing hydrogen, and the valve of the hydrogen absorption pipeline 25 of the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7 is closed. At the same time, the metal hydride A loaded in the second metal hydride cavity 23 of the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 finishes releasing hydrogen, and the valve of the hydrogen release pipeline 27 of the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 is closed.

[0061] The valve of the first gas delivery line 30 and the gate plate of the first metal hydride delivery line 26 of the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7 are opened, and the metal hydride A filled in the first metal hydride cavity 22 of the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7 is transferred to the corresponding intermediate constant temperature box 4 (hereinafter referred to as the intermediate constant temperature box 4 (1)) by pneumatic conveying. At the same time, the valve of the second gas delivery line 31 and the gate plate of the second metal hydride delivery line 28 of the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 are opened, and the metal hydride A filled in the second metal hydride cavity 23 of the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 is transferred to the corresponding intermediate constant temperature box 4 (hereinafter referred to as the intermediate constant temperature box 4 (2)) by pneumatic conveying. Close the valve of the first gas delivery pipeline 30 and the gate of the first metal hydride delivery pipeline 26 of the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7, and close the valve of the second metal hydride delivery pipeline 28 and the gate of the second metal hydride delivery pipeline 28 of the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6. Switch the intermediate thermostat 4 (1) to connect to the second metal hydride delivery pipeline 28 of the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6, and switch the intermediate thermostat 4 (2) to connect to the first gas delivery pipeline 30 of the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7.

[0062] Open the delivery gas valve of the intermediate thermostat 4 (2) and the gate plate of the first metal hydride delivery pipeline 26 of the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7, and transfer the metal hydride A in the intermediate thermostat 4 (2) to the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7 by pneumatic conveying; at the same time, open the delivery gas valve of the intermediate thermostat 4 (1) and the gate plate of the second metal hydride delivery pipeline 28 of the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6, and transfer the metal hydride A in the intermediate thermostat 4 (1) to the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 by pneumatic conveying.

[0063] Close the delivery gas valve of the intermediate thermostat 4 (2) and the gate plate of the first metal hydride delivery pipeline 26 of the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7, and switch the intermediate thermostat 4 (2) to connect to the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6; at the same time, close the delivery gas valve of the intermediate thermostat 4 (1) and the gate plate of the second metal hydride delivery pipeline 28 of the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6, and switch the intermediate thermostat 4 (1) to connect to the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7.

[0064] (7) 3.96g of hydrogen in the 0.18MPa gas storage chamber at the center of the pressure hydrogen replacement is introduced into the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction bed 6. The metal hydride at -49℃ in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction bed 6 absorbs hydrogen and releases reaction heat, causing its own temperature to rise to -46.3℃. Then 3.96g of hydrogen in the 0.22MPa gas storage chamber at the center of the pressure hydrogen replacement is introduced. The metal hydride absorbs hydrogen and releases reaction heat, causing its own temperature to rise to -43.4℃. And so on. The temperature of this part of the metal hydrogen storage material gradually rose to -5.7°C after the pressure hydrogen replaced the 3.96g hydrogen in each gas storage chamber at the center of 0.27MPa, 0.33MPa, 0.40MPa, 0.48MPa, 0.58MPa, 0.69MPa, 0.82MPa, 0.98MPa, 1.15MPa, 1.35MPa, 1.59MPa, 1.85MPa, and 2.15MPa in sequence. At the same time, the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7 is connected to the 2.15MPa gas storage chamber of the pressure hydrogen exchange center, and hydrogen is discharged into the gas storage chamber. The hydrogen pressure therein is reduced, prompting the metal hydride to absorb its own sensible heat to release hydrogen; when its own temperature is reduced to -5.7°C, 3.96g of 2.15MPa hydrogen can be released; then the valve is switched to connect it to the 1.85MPa gas storage chamber of the pressure hydrogen exchange center, and the hydrogen is also discharged into the 1.85MPa gas storage chamber. The hydrogen pressure therein is reduced, prompting the metal hydride to absorb its own sensible heat to release hydrogen; when its own temperature is reduced from -5.7°C to -8.6°C, 1. .85MPa hydrogen 3.96g; and so on, in the order from high pressure to low pressure, switch the valves to connect with the 1.59MPa, 1.35MPa, 1.15MPa, 0.98MPa, 0.82MPa, 0.69MPa, 0.58MPa, 0.48MPa, 0.40MPa, 0.33MPa, 0.27MPa, 0.22MPa, and 0.18MPa gas storage chambers of the pressure hydrogen exchange center in turn, and use their own sensible heat to release 3.96g of hydrogen of each pressure in turn into each pressure gas storage chamber. At the same time, the temperature of this part of metal hydride gradually drops to -46.3℃.

[0065] (8) Repeat step (1) and a cycle of hydrogen absorption and desorption of metal hydride A is completed.

[0066] To ensure rapid response of the metal hydride's hydrogen absorption and desorption, fast reaction tanks can be installed between the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6 and the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed 7, between the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32 and the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38, between the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38 and the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39, between the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39 and the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40, between the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40 and the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41, and between the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41 and the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32. Each fast reaction tank stores hydrogen at the temperature and pressure required for the corresponding metal hydride's hydrogen absorption and desorption. Before the metal hydride absorbs and releases hydrogen, hydrogen from the corresponding fast reaction tank is introduced, triggering the metal hydride to quickly enter the hydrogen absorption and desorption mode, stimulating the metal hydride to absorb and desorb hydrogen rapidly. In practical applications, fast reaction tanks storing hydrogen at the same temperature and pressure can be combined.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, the Coleman's law of hydrogen was discovered, that is, the BA metal hydride reaction bed module 81 utilizes part of the 2.5 MPa high-pressure hydrogen produced by the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 to produce more equivalent medium-pressure hydrogen to supplement the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80, thereby greatly improving the conversion efficiency.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, pneumatic conveying is used to transfer the metal hydride in each hydrogen reaction bed. A conveying gas storage tank can be provided to store the gas used for gas conveying.

[0069] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A metal hydride power generation system, characterized in that: It includes a -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed (6), a -50°C metal hydride reaction bed (7), a B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32), an A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38), an A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39), an A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40), an A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41), a first air heat exchanger (44), a second air heat exchanger (45), a multi-stage expansion generator (1), a storage battery (2) and a central heat exchanger (69); In each metal hydride reaction bed, a first metal hydride cavity (22) and a second metal hydride cavity (23) are alternately provided, and a copper plate (24) is provided between adjacent first metal hydride cavities and second metal hydride cavities; the first metal hydride cavity (22) and the second metal hydride cavity (23) are used to load metal hydride; in any metal hydride reaction bed, a first gas collecting cavity (33) is provided at the top of each first metal hydride cavity (22), the first gas collecting cavity (33) is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline (25) and the first metal hydride delivery pipeline (26), a valve is provided on the hydrogen absorption pipeline (25), a gate is provided on the first metal hydride delivery pipeline (26), and the top of each second metal hydride cavity (23) is provided with a valve. A second gas collecting chamber (34) is provided, the second gas collecting chamber (34) is connected to the hydrogen discharge pipeline (27) and the second metal hydride delivery pipeline (28), a valve is provided on the hydrogen discharge pipeline (27), and a gate is provided on the second metal hydride delivery pipeline (28); in any metal hydride reaction bed, a filter (35) and a delivery gas collecting chamber (36) are provided at the bottom of each first metal hydride cavity (22), the delivery gas collecting chamber is connected to the first delivery gas pipeline (30), the first delivery gas pipeline (30) is provided with a valve, and a filter (35) and a delivery gas collecting chamber (36) are provided at the bottom of each second metal hydride cavity (23), the delivery gas collecting chamber is connected to the second delivery gas pipeline (31), and the second delivery gas pipeline (31) is provided with a valve; In each metal hydride reaction bed, the metal hydrides in two adjacent metal hydride cavities realize reaction heat exchange through the copper plate (24); The -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed (6) and the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed (7) form an AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80). The AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80) is used to generate high-pressure hydrogen to supply the multi-stage expansion generator (1) and the BA metal hydride reaction bed module (81), and complete the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle of the loaded metal hydride; the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32), the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38 ), A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39), A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40) and A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41) constitute a BA metal hydride reaction bed module (81), the BA metal hydride reaction bed module (81) utilizes part of the high-pressure hydrogen generated by the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80) to produce more equivalent medium-pressure hydrogen to supplement the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80); In the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed (6), the reaction heat released when the metal hydride B absorbs hydrogen is used by the metal hydride A to release hydrogen; in the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed (7), the reaction heat released when the metal hydride A absorbs hydrogen is used by the metal hydride B to release hydrogen; In the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41), the reaction heat released when the A4' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the B1' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation; in the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32), the reaction heat released when the B1' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the A1' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation; in the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38), the reaction heat released when the A1' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the A2' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation; in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39), the reaction heat released when the A2' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the A3' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation; in the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40), the reaction heat released when the A3' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is supplied to the A4' metal hydride for use in dehydrogenation; A4' metal hydride is circulated between the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40) and the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41); B1' metal hydride is circulated between the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41) and the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32); A1' metal hydride is circulated between the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32) and the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38); A2' metal hydride is circulated between the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38) and the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39); A3' metal hydride is circulated between the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39) and the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40); The hydrogen discharge pipeline corresponding to the metal hydride A in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed (6) is divided into two routes, wherein the first route is connected to the first-stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) through the second section of the pipe pass (442) of the first air heat exchanger (44), the first-stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) returns to the second-stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) after heat exchange through the third section of the pipe pass (443) of the first air heat exchanger (44), the second-stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) returns to the third-stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) after heat exchange through the fourth section of the pipe pass (444) of the first air heat exchanger (44), the third-stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) returns to the fourth-stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) after heat exchange through the fifth section of the pipe pass (445) of the first air heat exchanger (44), and the fourth-stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) returns to the fourth-stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) after heat exchange through the first air heat exchanger (44). The first tube side (441) of (44) is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed (6); the second path passes through the first shell side, the second shell side and the third shell side of the central heat exchanger (69) in sequence and then discharges the central heat exchanger (69), and the third shell side outlet of the central heat exchanger (69) is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B1' metal hydride in the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32); the hydrogen discharge pipeline corresponding to the B1' metal hydride in the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41) is divided into two parts, wherein the first part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41), and the second part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39) after passing through the second tube side of the second air heat exchanger (45); The hydrogen release pipeline corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32) passes through the second tube pass of the central heat exchanger (69) and the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger 45, and is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed 6; the hydrogen release pipeline corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38) passes through the first tube pass of the central heat exchanger (69) and the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger (45), and is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed (6); the hydrogen release pipeline corresponding to the A3' metal hydride in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39) passes through the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger (45), and is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed (6); The hydrogen discharge pipeline corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40) passes through the fourth tube side of the second air heat exchanger (45) and the fourth shell side of the central heat exchanger (69) in sequence, and is connected to the expansion inlet of the turbocharger (46); the expansion outlet of the turbocharger (46) is connected to the first tube side inlet of the second air heat exchanger (45); and the first tube side outlet of the second air heat exchanger (45) is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipe corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38); The hydrogen release pipeline corresponding to the metal hydride B in the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed (7) is divided into four parts, wherein the first part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the metal hydride A in the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed (7); the second part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipe corresponding to the metal hydride A2' in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39) through the second tube pass of the second air heat exchanger (45); the third part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipe corresponding to the metal hydride A3' in the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40) through the third tube pass of the second air heat exchanger (45); the fourth part is connected to the compression inlet of the turbocharger (46), and the compression outlet of the turbocharger (46) is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the metal hydride B in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed (6) after passing through the third tube pass and the fourth tube pass of the central heat exchanger (69) and the fifth tube pass of the second air heat exchanger (45); The multi-stage expansion generator (1) is connected to the storage battery (2), and the electricity generated by the multi-stage expansion generator (1) is stored in the storage battery (2) and then supplied externally.

2. The metal hydride power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: The types of metal hydrides loaded in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed (6), the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed (7), the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32), the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38), the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39), the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40) and the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41) are the same or different; the type of metal hydrogen storage material is selected according to the actual needs of heat exchange between the various metal hydride reaction beds.

3. The metal hydride power generation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A metal hydride, A1' metal hydride, A2' metal hydride, A3' metal hydride and A4' metal hydride are metal hydrogen storage materials with negative temperature dependence. The metal hydrogen storage materials with negative temperature dependence are defined as absorbing low-pressure hydrogen and releasing heat at low temperatures, and releasing high-pressure hydrogen and releasing cold at high temperatures. B metal hydride and B1' metal hydride are metal hydrogen storage materials with positive correlation to temperature. The definition of metal hydrogen storage materials with positive correlation to temperature is that they absorb high-pressure hydrogen at high temperature to release high-temperature heat, and release low-pressure hydrogen at low temperature to release low-temperature cooling.

4. The metal hydride power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The metal hydride power generation system further comprises a pressure hydrogen replacement center (3); the pressure hydrogen replacement center (3) is arranged between each metal hydride reaction bed, and the pressure hydrogen replacement center (3) is provided with multiple gas storage chambers as required, respectively storing hydrogen of different pressures and temperatures; both ends of each gas storage chamber of the pressure hydrogen replacement center (3) are respectively connected to the hydrogen absorption and desorption pipelines of two adjacent metal hydride reaction beds; each gas storage chamber of the pressure hydrogen replacement center (3) is provided with a pressure stabilizing device.

5. The metal hydride power generation system according to claim 4, wherein: A corresponding intermediate constant temperature box (4) is configured for each metal hydride reaction bed; the intermediate constant temperature box (4) is used to temporarily store the metal hydride when the metal hydride is transferred; The metal hydride is moved between the two metal hydride reaction beds by using pneumatic conveying, and other conveying methods can also be used instead of pneumatic conveying to transfer and convey the metal hydride between the metal hydride reaction beds; the pneumatic conveying can use high-pressure hydrogen; the high-pressure hydrogen can enter the metal hydride reaction bed through a first conveying gas pipeline (30) and a second conveying gas pipeline (31) provided at the bottom of the metal hydride reaction bed; after the completion of the pneumatic conveying, the pressure of the hydrogen is reduced and enters a low-pressure gas tank, which can be pressurized by a conveying blower and stored in the conveying gas tank for recycling; Any metal hydride is divided into two equal parts, which are respectively loaded into the corresponding first metal hydride cavity and the second metal hydride cavity, and hydrogen absorption and desorption are performed simultaneously, which helps to achieve the continuity of high and low pressure hydrogen and hydrogen absorption and desorption operations in the system; after the two equal parts of metal hydride simultaneously complete a single hydrogen absorption operation / desorption operation, the corresponding intermediate constant temperature box can be used to exchange the loading positions by pneumatic conveying, and the hydrogen desorption operation / hydrogen absorption operation can be switched, thereby completing the hydrogen absorption and desorption operation cycle.

6. The metal hydride power generation system according to claim 5, wherein: Respectively between the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction bed (6) and the -50°C metal hydride reaction bed (7), between the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32) and the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38), between the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38) and the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39), between the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39) and the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40), between the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (41) and the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (42). A fast reaction tank is provided between the reaction bed (40) and the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41) and between the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41) and the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32); each fast reaction tank stores hydrogen having the temperature and pressure required for the absorption and desorption of hydrogen by the corresponding metal hydride; before the metal hydride absorbs and desorbs hydrogen, the hydrogen in the corresponding fast reaction tank is introduced, thereby triggering the metal hydride to quickly enter the hydrogen absorption and desorption mode, and stimulating the metal hydride to absorb and desorb hydrogen quickly.

7. The metal hydride power generation system according to claim 6, wherein: Combine the flash reaction tanks storing hydrogen at the same temperature and pressure.

Images