Fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering

Abstract

The invention discloses a fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering, and relates to the technical field of engineering surveying and mapping, the fixed-point surveying and mapping device comprises an I-shaped frame, a fixing assembly, a control assembly and a compensation mechanism, telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the four vertex angles of the I-shaped frame, and communicating pipes are arranged in the two ends of the I-shaped frame; the telescopic rods on the same side are communicated through communicating pipes at the corresponding positions. By arranging the fixing assembly, after the device is inserted into the ground, the contact area between the device and soil is increased by unfolding the bottom, the wind-resistant effect of the device is effectively improved, and then the surveying and mapping quality of the scheme is guaranteed; by arranging the control assembly, the height and orientation of the surveying and mapping instrument can be freely adjusted, and personnel can conveniently and freely carry out secondary positioning on the surveying and mapping instrument; by arranging the compensation mechanism, positioning control over the surveying and mapping instrument is achieved, and in the moving process of the surveying and mapping instrument, the overall supporting gravity center of the device is synchronously balanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering surveying and mapping, in particular to a fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering. Background Art

[0002] Surveying and mapping engineering is an indispensable part of engineering construction. It is mainly responsible for measuring and mapping at various stages of engineering construction, providing key basis for engineering decision-making, design, construction and management. Fixed-point surveying and mapping device is a kind of equipment used for engineering surveying and mapping, which improves the accuracy and efficiency of surveying and mapping work through precise positioning and measurement functions.

[0003] After searching, the Chinese patent with publication number CN114812524B includes: a lower slide; a first movable platform, mounted in the groove of the lower slide; a positioning rod, fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first movable platform; an upper slide; a second movable platform, the bottom of which is rotatably arranged on the top of the first movable platform and driven to rotate by a group of first rotating components; the second movable platform is mounted in the groove of the upper slide; a third movable platform, mounted in the groove of the upper slide; a second rotating component, mounted on the top of the third movable platform; an instrument frame, set on the second rotating component and driven to rotate by the second rotating component; two sets of lifting platforms, respectively set at the two ends of the bottom of the lower slide, driving a lifting plate to rise and fall; four sets of retractable support units, respectively set at the two ends of the bottom of each lifting plate; a counterweight unit, mounted on the lifting plate. The above scheme facilitates the secondary positioning of surveying and mapping instruments and can be autonomously adjusted to adapt to the fixed-point support of different surveying and mapping sites.

[0004] However, the above scheme lacks the function of compensating the center of gravity of the instrument frame during movement. Since the center of gravity of the instrument frame deviates from the axis of the positioning rod, the supporting center of gravity of the entire structure changes in real time during the movement of the instrument frame. At this time, the position of the counterweight block needs to be corrected in real time to balance the supporting center of gravity of the entire structure. Otherwise, there is a risk that the entire structure will deflect toward the side where the instrument frame is located, which results in the above scheme having more complicated overall steps in the process of adjusting the surveying position, and a greater risk of surveying failure due to deviation in the surveying angle. On the other hand, the above scheme only relies on the fixing method of inserting the positioning rod and the adjustment column into the ground. The maintenance of the surveying angle depends on the compactness of the ground, and it is difficult to effectively resist harsh environments. In strong winds, the risk of the entire structure tipping over is greater. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering, which has the advantages of compensation balance and positioning control and solves the problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering, comprising an I-shaped frame, a fixing assembly, a control assembly, and a compensation mechanism, wherein the bottom ends of the four top corners of the I-shaped frame are fixedly connected to telescopic rods, and connecting pipes are provided inside both ends of the I-shaped frame, and the telescopic rods on the same side are connected through the connecting pipes at corresponding positions; The fixing assembly includes a support column for realizing fixed support of the surveying and mapping instrument, wherein the support column vertically penetrates and is limitedly slidably connected to the middle section of the I-frame; The control assembly includes a positioning ring for realizing secondary positioning of the surveying and mapping instrument, wherein the positioning ring is vertically penetrated by the support column and is connected with the support column in a limited sliding manner; The compensation mechanism includes a fixing seat for supporting the center of gravity of the balancing device, and the fixing seat is fixedly connected to the top end of the movable ring.

[0007] Preferably, the fixing assembly also includes a control rod that is vertically limited and rotatably connected to the inside of the support column, a knob is provided at the top of the control rod, and a plurality of arc grooves are provided at the bottom end of the control rod, and the plurality of arc grooves are distributed in a ring shape around the center of the bottom end of the control rod, and the inside of each arc groove is transmission-connected with a movable pin, and the bottom end of each movable pin is fixedly connected to a cone plate, and a plurality of positioning grooves are provided at a position near the bottom end of the support column, and the number and position of the positioning grooves, cone plates, movable pins and arc grooves correspond to each other, and each cone plate is slidably connected to the inside of the positioning groove at the corresponding position.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom end of the support column is configured to be conical, and a grounding ring is sleeved on the outer contour of the bottom end of the support column at the position of the positioning groove, the top end of the grounding ring is fixedly connected to a compression spring, the top end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to a fixing ring, and the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the support column.

[0009] Preferably, the control assembly further comprises a rack fitted on the outer contour of the support column, and the lower surface of the positioning ring and the upper surface of the middle section of the I-frame are both provided with movable grooves for limiting the sliding of the rack.

[0010] Preferably, the control component also includes a movable ring sleeved on the outer contour of the support column, the movable ring is transmission-connected to the rack, a worm is passed through one end of the movable ring, the bottom end of the worm is meshingly transmission-connected to a worm wheel, the worm wheel is meshingly transmission-connected to the rack, the axis of the worm wheel is passed through and is limitedly rotationally connected to the movable ring.

[0011] Preferably, a resistance pin is passed through the end of the movable ring away from the worm, and the resistance pin is supported on the outer contour of the support column. A reset spring is arranged between the end of the resistance pin away from the support column and the inner wall of the movable ring and is sleeved on the outer contour of the resistance pin. The resistance pin and the end of the worm extending out of the movable ring are both provided with knobs.

[0012] Preferably, there are two fixing seats and they are mirror-symmetrically distributed along the axis of the movable ring. A positioning cylinder 1 is placed on the top of each of the two fixing seats. The interior of the positioning cylinder 1 is penetrated and rotatably connected to the positioning cylinder 2. Guide grooves are provided on the surfaces of the positioning cylinder 1 and the positioning cylinder 2, and the spiral directions of the two guide grooves are opposite. The starting positions of the two guide grooves are the same and they are jointly connected by a control pin. A plurality of positioning pins are provided on the top of the fixing seat along the length direction of the positioning cylinder 1 and the positioning cylinder 2, and the bottom ends of the positioning cylinder 1 and the positioning cylinder 2 are provided with sliding grooves that cooperate with the positioning pins.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the two first positioning cylinders is fixedly connected to a storage plate, and one end of the two second positioning cylinders away from the storage plate is fixedly connected to a counterweight plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a fixing component, which expands the bottom after the device is inserted into the ground to increase the contact area between it and the soil, effectively improving the wind resistance of the device and thus ensuring the surveying and mapping quality of the solution.

[0015] 2. The present invention can freely adjust the height and direction of the surveying and mapping instrument by setting a control component, so that personnel can freely perform secondary positioning of the surveying and mapping instrument.

[0016] 3. The present invention realizes the positioning control of the surveying and mapping instrument by setting a compensation mechanism, and synchronizes the support center of the entire balancing device during the movement of the surveying and mapping instrument. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the fixing frame of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the fixing components of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial exploded view of the fixing assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the control components of the present invention; Figure 7 A partial cross-sectional view of the control assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the compensation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a partial exploded view of the compensation mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. I-beam; 11. Telescopic rod; 12. Connecting pipe; 2. Support column; 21. Control rod; 22. Compression spring; 23. Grounding ring; 24. Arc groove; 25. Movable pin; 26. Cone plate; 27. Positioning groove; 28. Fixed ring; 3. Positioning ring; 31. Rack; 32. Movable groove; 33. Movable ring; 34. Worm; 35. Worm gear; 36. Resistance pin; 37. Return spring; 4. Fixed seat; 41. Positioning cylinder 1; 42. Positioning cylinder 2; 43. Guide groove; 44. Control pin; 45. Positioning pin; 46. Slide groove; 47. Storage plate; 48. Counterweight plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1:

[0020] See also Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering, comprising an I-shaped frame 1, a fixing assembly, a control assembly, and a compensation mechanism. The bottom ends of the four top corners of the I-shaped frame 1 are fixedly connected to telescopic rods 11. Connecting pipes 12 are provided inside both ends of the I-shaped frame 1. The telescopic rods 11 on the same side are connected through the connecting pipes 12 at corresponding positions. The fixing assembly includes a support column 2 for realizing fixed support of the surveying and mapping instrument, the support column 2 vertically penetrates and is limitedly slidably connected to the middle section of the I-frame 1; The control assembly includes a positioning ring 3 for realizing secondary positioning of the surveying and mapping instrument. The positioning ring 3 is vertically penetrated by the support column 2 and is connected with the support column 2 in a limited sliding manner. The compensation mechanism includes a fixing seat 4 for supporting the center of gravity of the balancing device, and the fixing seat 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable ring 33.

[0021] In this solution, the fixing component realizes the supporting effect for the entire device, and after the bottom end of the support column 2 is inserted into the ground, the personnel can adjust the insertion area of the bottom end of the support column 2 by controlling the fixing component, thereby effectively improving the overall grip of the device and thus ensuring the wind resistance of the device.

[0022] On the other hand, the control component can be freely lifted and lowered and turned along the axis of the support column 2. The surveying and mapping instrument is placed on the compensation mechanism, and the control component drives the compensation mechanism to move synchronously, thereby realizing secondary positioning of the surveying and mapping instrument.

[0023] Furthermore, during the secondary positioning process of the surveying and mapping instrument, the compensation mechanism works synchronously and balances the support center of gravity of the entire device, so that the support center of gravity always remains at the axis of the support column 2, further reducing the risk of surveying failure caused by deviation of the surveying and mapping instrument angle due to the offset of the device's center of gravity.

[0024] The telescopic rod 11 and the connecting pipe 12 are arranged to meet the working conditions of the device on the slope. When performing fixed-point surveying on the slope, the angle of the surveying instrument needs to be kept in a horizontal state. At this time, the support column 2 is controlled to be inserted into the ground in a vertical state. The telescopic rod 11 near the top of the slope touches the ground first, while the telescopic rod 11 near the bottom of the slope has not yet touched the ground. At this time, the telescopic rod 11 near the top of the slope is compressed by the I-frame 1 and its own gravity. At the same time, the hydraulic oil inside it is discharged into the telescopic rod 11 near the bottom of the slope through the connecting pipe 12, resulting in an increase in the hydraulic oil inside the telescopic rod 11 near the bottom of the slope, thereby extending the telescopic rod 11 near the bottom of the slope. Due to the incompressibility of the hydraulic oil, the contraction amount of the telescopic rod 11 near the top of the slope is the same as the extension amount of the telescopic rod 11 near the bottom of the slope, until the telescopic rod 11 near the bottom of the slope touches the ground. During this process, the I-frame 1 always remains in a horizontal state, thereby meeting the horizontal surveying requirements of the surveying instrument on the slope. Example 2:

[0025] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 , this embodiment is further explained on the basis of the first embodiment: the fixing assembly also includes a control rod 21 connected to the inside of the support column 2 for vertical limit rotation, the top of the control rod 21 is provided with a knob, the bottom end of the control rod 21 is provided with a plurality of arc grooves 24, and the plurality of arc grooves 24 are distributed in a ring shape around the center of the bottom end of the control rod 21, and the inside of each arc groove 24 is transmission-connected with a movable pin 25, and the bottom end of each movable pin 25 is fixedly connected to a cone plate 26, and the support column 2 is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves 27 near the bottom end, and the number and position of the positioning grooves 27, cone plates 26, movable pins 25 and arc grooves 24 correspond to each other, and each cone plate 26 is slidably connected to the inside of the corresponding positioning groove 27.

[0026] The bottom end of the support column 2 is set to be conical, and a grounding ring 23 is sleeved on the outer contour of the bottom end of the support column 2 at the position of the positioning groove 27. The top end of the grounding ring 23 is fixedly connected to a compression spring 22, and the top end of the compression spring 22 is fixedly connected to a fixing ring 28. The fixing ring 28 is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the support column 2.

[0027] It can be seen from Example 1 that the fixing component realizes the supporting function of the device. During its operation, the personnel first presses down the knob at the top of the control rod 21. Due to the limited rotation connection between the control rod 21 and the support column 2, the support column 2 moves down synchronously with the control rod 21, and the conical head at its bottom end realizes the ground-breaking operation.

[0028] When the bottom end of the support column 2 is inserted into the ground to a preset depth, the person stops pressing down and starts turning the knob at the top of the control rod 21. Due to the limited rotation connection between the support column 2 and the control rod 21, the support column 2 will not rotate with the control rod 21; further, since the positioning groove 27 is provided on the support column 2 and the arc groove 24 is provided on the control rod 21, the positioning groove 27 is in a stationary state with the support column 2, while the arc groove 24 rotates synchronously with the control rod 21.

[0029] At this time, the rotation of the arc groove 24 causes the movable pin 25 inside it to have a tendency to rotate synchronously, and the movable pin 25 will further drive the cone plate 26 to move, but the cone plate 26 is slidably connected to the inside of the positioning groove 27, and the positioning groove 27 is in a stationary state. Therefore, the rotation of the arc groove 24 will cause the movable pin 25 to slide relatively inside the arc groove 24. Since the opening type of the arc groove 24 is an eccentric groove that gradually moves away from the axis of the control rod 21, the rotation of the arc groove 24 will cause the movable pin 25 to gradually move away from the axis of the control rod 21.

[0030] Furthermore, under the cooperation of the positioning groove 27 and the arc groove 24, the cone plate 26 gradually expands outward along with the movable pin 25, and the cone plate 26 extends from the inside of the support column 2. Its sharp top further completes the horizontal ground-breaking operation and is inserted into the soil layer. At this time, the contact area between the bottom end of the entire fixed component and the soil layer is significantly increased, thereby effectively improving the grip of the scheme to ensure the wind resistance of the device; and the expansion of the cone plate 26 can form an interlocking relationship with the soil layer, further improving the anchoring effect of the scheme.

[0031] It should be noted that when the support column 2 is pressed down with the control rod 21, it drives the fixing ring 28 to move downward synchronously, and the grounding ring 23 is supported by the ground after contacting the ground and remains stationary. During this process, the compression spring 22 is gradually compressed.

[0032] When the operator stops pressing down the control rod 21, the compression spring 22 tends to rebound. Since the grounding ring 23 has already touched the ground, the rebound of the compression spring 22 will drive the fixing ring 28 and the support column 2 to pop up upwards; but due to the operation of the operator turning the control rod 21, the cone plate 26 extends from the inside of the support column 2 and is laterally inserted into the soil layer to form an anchor interlock, so the support column 2 cannot pop out smoothly, that is, the compression spring 22 still remains in a compressed state at this time.

[0033] When the fixed-point surveying operation is completed, the personnel reversely rotate the knob at the top of the control lever 21 to retract the cone plate 26 into the positioning groove 27. At this time, the interlocking relationship between the cone plate 26 and the soil layer is released, and the obstruction to the rebound of the compression spring 22 disappears. The compression spring 22 rebounds smoothly and causes the support column 2 to pop up from the ground, so that the personnel can complete the recovery operation of the device. Example 3:

[0034] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 This embodiment further explains on the basis of the second embodiment: the control component also includes a rack 31 that fits on the outer contour of the support column 2, and the lower surface of the positioning ring 3 and the upper surface of the middle section of the I-frame 1 are both provided with a movable groove 32 for the rack 31 to limit the sliding movement.

[0035] The control component also includes a movable ring 33 that is sleeved on the outer contour of the support column 2. The movable ring 33 is transmission-connected to the rack 31. A worm 34 is passed through one end of the movable ring 33. The bottom end of the worm 34 is meshingly transmission-connected to a worm wheel 35. The worm wheel 35 is meshingly transmission-connected to the rack 31. The axis of the worm wheel 35 is passed through and is limitedly rotationally connected to the movable ring 33.

[0036] A resistance pin 36 is passed through the end of the movable ring 33 away from the worm 34, and the resistance pin 36 is supported on the outer contour of the support column 2. A return spring 37 is provided between the end of the resistance pin 36 away from the support column 2 and the inner wall of the movable ring 33, and the resistance pin 36 and the end of the worm 34 extending out of the movable ring 33 are both provided with knobs.

[0037] As can be seen from Example 1, the surveying and mapping instrument is placed on the compensation mechanism, and the control component completes the secondary positioning of the surveying and mapping instrument by adjusting the height and orientation of the control component. When the device is placed on the ground and the fixing operation is completed, the height of the I-frame 1 remains unchanged, that is, the height of the rack 31 and the positioning ring 3 remains unchanged.

[0038] When the height of the surveying instrument needs to be adjusted, the operator rotates the knob of the worm 34, and the worm 34 drives the worm wheel 35 to rotate synchronously. Since the worm wheel 35 and the rack 31 are in meshing state, the rotation of the worm wheel 35 tends to drive the rack 31 to move synchronously. Figure 7For example, when a person rotates the worm 34 clockwise, the worm wheel 35 rotates clockwise synchronously. At this time, the rack 31 tends to move upward, but due to the limited sliding connection between the rack 31 and the I-beam 1, and the I-beam 1 is in a fixed state, that is, the rack 31 and the positioning ring 3 cannot move in the vertical direction, so the upward trend of the rack 31 is further converted into a downward trend of the worm wheel 35, that is, the clockwise rotation of the worm wheel 35 will drive the worm wheel 35, the worm 34 and the movable ring 33 to move downward synchronously; similarly, when a person rotates the worm 34 counterclockwise, it will drive the worm wheel 35, the worm 34 and the movable ring 33 to move upward synchronously.

[0039] Since the compensation mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the movable ring 33, the operator's forward and reverse rotation of the worm 34 to drive the movable ring 33 to rise and fall will drive the compensation mechanism to rise and fall synchronously, thereby completing the adjustment of the surveying height.

[0040] Furthermore, when the orientation of the surveying instrument needs to be adjusted, the person pulls the knob of the resistance pin 36 outward, at which time the resistance pin 36 extends outward and releases the frictional contact with the support column 2. During this process, the reset spring 37 is gradually compressed, and then the person freely rotates the movable ring 33. During this process, the rack 31 revolves synchronously around the axis of the support column 2 inside the movable groove 32.

[0041] When the movable ring 33 rotates, the compensation mechanism, the worm 34, the worm wheel 35 and the rack 31 synchronously revolve around the axis of the support column 2. Since the surveying and mapping instrument is arranged on the compensation mechanism and is located directly above the worm 34, that is, the surveying and mapping instrument is always in the same direction as the worm 34, the direction of the surveying and mapping instrument can be adjusted by controlling the direction of the worm 34 during the rotation of the movable ring 33.

[0042] When the direction adjustment is completed, the person releases the knob of the resistance pin 36. At this time, the reset spring 37 rebounds quickly and drives the resistance pin 36 to retract. The resistance pin 36 is again held against the outer surface of the support column 2 and achieves frictional contact between it and the support column 2. The frictional contact between the resistance pin 36 and the support column 2 is used to counteract the external factors in the surveying process that cause the movable ring 33 to rotate slightly, causing the direction of the surveying instrument to shift.

[0043] In one embodiment, a circular scale line can be set on the upper surface of the movable ring 33, and a vertical straight line mark can be set on the outer surface of the support column 2. When a person rotates the movable ring 33, the direction of the surveying and mapping instrument can be accurately controlled by observing the position of the straight line mark on the circular scale line. Embodiment four:

[0044] See also Figure 8 and Figure 9, this embodiment is further explained on the basis of the third embodiment: the fixed seat 4 is provided with two and is distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner along the axis of the movable ring 33, and a positioning cylinder 1 41 is placed on the top of the two fixed seats 4, and the interior of the positioning cylinder 1 41 is penetrated and rotatably connected with a positioning cylinder 2 42, and the surfaces of the positioning cylinder 1 41 and the positioning cylinder 2 42 are provided with guide grooves 43 and the spiral directions of the two guide grooves 43 are opposite, and the starting positions of the two guide grooves 43 are the same and are jointly connected by a control pin 44, and the top of the fixed seat 4 is provided with a plurality of positioning pins 45 arranged along the length direction of the positioning cylinder 1 41 and the positioning cylinder 2 42, and the bottom ends of the positioning cylinder 1 41 and the positioning cylinder 2 42 are provided with sliding grooves 46 that cooperate with the positioning pins 45.

[0045] One end of the two first positioning cylinders 41 is fixedly connected to a storage plate 47 , and one end of the two second positioning cylinders 42 away from the storage plate 47 is fixedly connected to a counterweight plate 48 .

[0046] As can be seen from Examples 1 and 3, the surveying instrument is placed on the upper surface of the counterweight plate 48, and the compensation mechanism controls the distance position of the surveying instrument. At the same time, it moves synchronously with the control component and jointly completes the secondary positioning of the surveying instrument; when the height and direction of the surveying instrument are adjusted, the distance position adjustment of the surveying instrument begins.

[0047] At this time, the person moves the control pin 44 to make the control pin 44 revolve around the axis of the positioning cylinder 1 41 and the positioning cylinder 2 42, and the control pin 44 moves along the guide groove 43. During this process, the positioning cylinder 1 41 and the positioning cylinder 2 42 tend to rotate synchronously with the control pin 44, but because the fixing seat 4 is in a fixed state along with the movable ring 33, the positioning pin 45 is also in a fixed state. Under the cooperation of the positioning pin 45 and the slide groove 46, the positioning cylinder 1 41 and the positioning cylinder 2 42 can only slide along their axial direction, and cannot rotate.

[0048] Therefore, when the operator moves the control pin 44, a relative displacement occurs between the control pin 44 and the guide groove 43. Figure 8 Taking the control pin 44 shown on the left side as an example, when the operator moves the control pin 44 to rotate it clockwise around the axis of the positioning cylinder 1 41 and the positioning cylinder 2 42, the guide groove 43 moves synchronously. Since the spiral directions of the guide grooves 43 on the positioning cylinder 1 41 and the positioning cylinder 2 42 are opposite, that is, the moving directions of the positioning cylinder 1 41 and the positioning cylinder 2 42 are also opposite at this time, the positioning cylinder 1 41 moves along the axis of the positioning cylinder 1 41 and the positioning cylinder 2 42. Figure 8 Slide in the direction indicated by the middle arrow A, and the positioning tube 42 moves along Figure 8When the control pin 44 slides in the direction indicated by the middle arrow B and the control pin 44 rotates 180 degrees, the guide groove 43 moves to the extreme position. At this time, the positioning cylinder 1 41 and the positioning cylinder 2 42 complete a two-way extension process. Similarly, when the personnel pushes the control pin 44 to rotate it counterclockwise around the axis of the positioning cylinder 1 41 and the positioning cylinder 2 42, the positioning cylinder 1 41 and the positioning cylinder 2 42 retract synchronously.

[0049] Furthermore, by simultaneously turning the control pins 44 on both sides to rotate them relative to or opposite to each other, the personnel can control the extension and retraction of the counterweight plate 48 and the storage plate 47. Since the surveying and mapping instrument is set on the upper surface of the counterweight plate 48, the counterweight plate 48 will extend and retract synchronously with the surveying and mapping instrument, thereby completing the adjustment and control process of the distance position of the surveying and mapping instrument.

[0050] It should be noted that the storage plate 47 is extended and retracted synchronously with the counterweight plate 48, and the extension and retraction amount is always the same, that is, after the storage plate 47 and the counterweight plate 48 are always in the mirror image position on both sides of the support column 2, there is a risk that the overall support center of gravity of the device will shift due to changes in the distance of the surveying and mapping instrument. Therefore, a counterweight block with the same weight as the surveying and mapping instrument is set on the upper surface of the storage plate 47; when the counterweight plate 48 is extended and retracted, the storage plate 47 is extended and retracted synchronously. At this time, the forces exerted by the counterweight block and the surveying and mapping instrument on the support column 2 are always the same in magnitude and opposite in direction, so the two forces cancel each other out, so that the center of gravity of the device is always maintained at the axial position of the support column 2, effectively reducing the risk of surveying failure caused by deviation of the surveying angle due to the shift of the support center of gravity during the surveying process.

[0051] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering, characterized by: It comprises an I-shaped frame (1), a fixing assembly, a control assembly and a compensation mechanism, wherein the bottom ends of the four top corners of the I-shaped frame (1) are fixedly connected to telescopic rods (11), and connecting pipes (12) are provided inside both ends of the I-shaped frame (1), and the telescopic rods (11) on the same side are connected through the connecting pipes (12) at corresponding positions; The fixing assembly comprises a support column (2) for realizing fixed support of the surveying and mapping instrument, wherein the support column (2) vertically penetrates and is limitedly slidably connected to the middle section of the I-shaped frame (1); The control assembly comprises a positioning ring (3) for realizing secondary positioning of the surveying and mapping instrument, wherein the positioning ring (3) is vertically penetrated by the support column (2) and is connected in a limited sliding manner; The compensation mechanism comprises a fixed seat (4) supporting the center of gravity of the balancing device, and the fixed seat (4) is fixedly connected to the top end of the movable ring (33).

2. A fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly further comprises a control rod (21) connected to the inside of the support column (2) for vertical limited rotation, a knob being provided at the top end of the control rod (21), a plurality of arcuate grooves (24) being provided at the bottom end of the control rod (21), the plurality of arcuate grooves (24) being distributed in an annular shape around the center of the bottom end of the control rod (21), a movable pin (25) being transmission-connected to the inside of each arcuate groove (24), a cone plate (26) being fixedly connected to the bottom end of each movable pin (25), a plurality of positioning grooves (27) being provided at a position near the bottom end of the support column (2), the number and position of the positioning grooves (27), the cone plate (26), the movable pin (25) and the arcuate grooves (24) being corresponding to each other, and each cone plate (26) being slidably connected to the inside of the positioning groove (27) at the corresponding position.

3. The fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the support column (2) is configured to be conical, and a grounding ring (23) is sleeved on the outer contour of the bottom end of the support column (2) at the position of the positioning groove (27), and the top end of the grounding ring (23) is fixedly connected to a compression spring (22), and the top end of the compression spring (22) is fixedly connected to a fixing ring (28), and the fixing ring (28) is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the support column (2).

4. The fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control assembly further comprises a rack (31) fitted on the outer contour of the support column (2), and a movable groove (32) for limiting the sliding of the rack (31) is provided on the lower surface of the positioning ring (3) and the upper surface of the middle section of the I-shaped frame (1); The control assembly further comprises a movable ring (33) sleeved on the outer contour of the support column (2), the movable ring (33) being in transmission connection with the rack (31), one end of the movable ring (33) being penetrated by a worm (34), the bottom end of the worm (34) being meshingly connected to a worm wheel (35), the worm wheel (35) being meshingly connected to the rack (31), the axis of the worm wheel (35) being penetrated and being in limited rotation connection with the movable ring (33); The fixing seats (4) are provided with two and are distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner along the axis of the movable ring (33). A positioning cylinder (41) is placed on the top of each of the two fixing seats (4). The interior of the positioning cylinder (41) is penetrated and rotatably connected to the positioning cylinder (42). The surfaces of the positioning cylinder (41) and the positioning cylinder (42) are both provided with guide grooves (43), and the spiral directions of the two guide grooves (43) are opposite. The starting positions of the two guide grooves (43) are the same and are jointly connected to a control pin (44).

5. The fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top end of the fixing seat (4) is provided with a plurality of positioning pins (45) arranged along the length direction of the positioning cylinder 1 (41) and the positioning cylinder 2 (42), and the bottom ends of the positioning cylinder 1 (41) and the positioning cylinder 2 (42) are both provided with sliding grooves (46) that cooperate with the positioning pins (45).

6. The fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: A resistance pin (36) is passed through one end of the movable ring (33) away from the worm (34), and the resistance pin (36) is supported on the outer contour of the support column (2).

7. The fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: A return spring (37) sleeved on the outer contour of the resistance pin (36) is provided between the end of the resistance pin (36) away from the support column (2) and the inner wall of the movable ring (33). The resistance pin (36) and the end of the worm (34) extending out of the movable ring (33) are both provided with a knob.

8. The fixed-point surveying and mapping device for surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the two positioning cylinders (41) is fixedly connected to a storage plate (47), and one end of the two positioning cylinders (42) away from the storage plate (47) is fixedly connected to a counterweight plate (48).

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