Single-tank heat / cold storage system based on phase change flow equalizing plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-tank heat / cold storage system based on phase change flow equalizing plates, the phase change flow equalizing plates are arranged at the top, the bottom and the middle position in a tank body, are composed of internal phase change materials and flow equalizing plate shells, effectively regulate and control a fluid flowing path and temperature fluctuation, realize coupling distribution of a fluid field and a temperature field, and form a stable thermocline structure. The operation mode of the system is as follows: when the heat / cold capacity of the heat / cold source side is sufficient, the system can directly supply heat / cold to a user through heat transfer fluid, and meanwhile, redundant heat / cold capacity can be stored in the tank body and the phase change flow equalizing plate; and when the heat / cold quantity is insufficient, the tank body and the phase change flow equalizing plate release the heat / cold quantity to a user. The phase change material and the flow equalizing plate are combined to develop the phase change flow equalizing plate, the phase change flow equalizing plate is applied to a single-tank heat / cold storage system, the temperature uniformity in a heat / cold storage tank body is improved, the heat storage capacity is improved, and the phase change flow equalizing plate has good flow field disturbance regulation and control capacity and heat stratification stability maintaining capacity and is simple in structure and wide in application scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of heat storage system design, and in particular to a single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-change flow balancing plate. Background Art

[0002] With the global energy crisis and environmental problems becoming increasingly severe, the development and application of new energy technologies have become a hot topic in current research. Among them, renewable energy sources such as solar energy have attracted widespread attention due to their clean and renewable characteristics. However, due to their intermittent and unstable nature, the efficient storage and utilization of thermal energy has become a major challenge restricting their widespread application. As an important means to improve energy utilization efficiency and balance energy supply and demand, heat storage technology can effectively improve the level of comprehensive energy utilization. Among the many heat storage methods, single-tank heat / cold storage systems have shown important application value in the fields of new energy utilization, industrial waste heat recovery, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), and grid peak regulation due to their high efficiency and compactness. Compared with traditional multi-tank energy storage systems, single-tank systems integrate heat storage and release functions, reduce equipment complexity, improve energy utilization efficiency, and reduce floor space.

[0003] However, in actual operation, the single-tank system is susceptible to inlet temperature fluctuations, resulting in uneven temperature distribution inside the system, affecting the stability of temperature stratification, and thus reducing energy storage efficiency. In addition, factors such as thermal convection, fluid disturbances, and thermal diffusion may cause hot and cold mixing, further weakening the system's heat / cold storage capacity. Therefore, in order to alleviate the above problems, traditional flow equalizers are introduced into the tank to reduce inlet jet disturbances and improve the temperature field distribution to a certain extent. However, the traditional flow equalizer itself does not have significant heat storage capacity, cannot respond to rapid heat load fluctuations, and has limited thermal buffering capacity.

[0004] Phase change materials (PCMs) have the ability to absorb or release large amounts of latent heat during phase changes, maintaining a near-constant temperature during the phase change phase. This allows them to exhibit excellent thermal buffering and temperature stability during the storage and release of thermal energy. Based on this, PCMs are combined with traditional flow equalizers to create a novel structural element, the phase change flow equalizer. This not only optimizes the flow distribution of fluids within the thermal storage tank, reducing hot and cold mixing, but also utilizes the latent heat of the phase change material to regulate the system's temperature field, enhancing thermal stability and improving the overall heat / cold storage efficiency of the system. This provides a reliable solution for the development of new energy heat / cold storage technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase change flow equalizing plate to solve the problems of uneven fluid flow and uneven temperature distribution in existing single-tank heat / cold storage systems.

[0006] This invention combines phase change materials with flow equalizers and applies them to single-tank energy storage systems. This optimizes fluid flow within the tank, enhances temperature uniformity, improves energy efficiency, increases heat storage capacity, and enhances system stability and adaptability. It also features a simple structure and a wide range of applicability.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-changing flow balancing plate, comprising:

[0009] A single-tank heat / cold storage module, comprising a tank body, a phase-changing flow-balancing plate distributed within the tank body, a third valve connected to the bottom inlet and outlet of the tank body, and a fourth valve connected to the top inlet and outlet of the tank body;

[0010] A heat / cold source side, wherein the heat / cold source side is connected to a first heat exchanger;

[0011] A user side, wherein the user side is connected to a second heat exchanger;

[0012] The third valve is connected to the first centrifugal pump and the second centrifugal pump through pipelines respectively, the first centrifugal pump is connected to the first valve, the first valve is connected to the first heat exchanger, the second centrifugal pump is connected to the second valve, the second valve is connected to the second heat exchanger, and the first valve is connected to the second valve; the fourth valve is connected to the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger through pipelines respectively.

[0013] Preferably, the phase change current equalizing plate comprises a current equalizing plate shell, a surface of the current equalizing plate shell is provided with holes, and the current equalizing plate shell is filled with phase change material.

[0014] Preferably, the current equalizing plate shell is made of metal alloy, pure metal, high thermal conductivity ceramic or plastic, and the appropriate material is selected according to the application temperature; the phase change material adopts an organic phase change material or an inorganic phase change material with a temperature of -20 to 250°C, wherein the organic phase change material includes at least one of paraffin, polyethylene glycol, and fatty acid, and the present invention also provides one, and the inorganic phase change material includes at least one of hydrated salt or molten salt, and the present invention also provides one, and the appropriate material is selected according to the application temperature.

[0015] Preferably, the opening is in the form of at least one of a hole type, a ring hole type or a strip type. The present invention further provides that the area of the opening is 10% to 30% of the cross-sectional area of the tank body.

[0016] Preferably, the hole diameter is 2% to 5% of the diameter of the tank body.

[0017] Preferably, the number of ring hole layers of the ring hole type is 3 to 5, and the width of the ring hole is 1% to 3% of the diameter of the tank body.

[0018] Preferably, the width of the strip-shaped holes is 2% to 5% of the diameter of the tank body.

[0019] Preferably, the number of the phase change equalizing plates is not less than two, at least one of which is located at 0 to 20% of the tank body height below the top of the tank body, and at least one is located at 0 to 20% of the tank body height above the bottom of the tank body, and the remaining phase change equalizing plates are distributed equidistantly or unequally in the middle of the tank body; the thickness of a single phase change equalizing plate is 5% to 20% of the tank body height.

[0020] Preferably, a heat transfer fluid flows in the single-tank heat storage / cold system based on a phase change flow equalizing plate, and the heat transfer fluid is water, heat transfer oil or organic alcohol. The present invention also provides one.

[0021] The present invention also provides a working method of the above-mentioned single-tank heat / cold storage system based on the phase change equalizing plate. When the heat on the hot / cold source side is sufficient, the heat transfer fluid absorbs heat and heats up through the first heat exchanger. The heated high-temperature heat transfer fluid directly exchanges heat with the second heat exchanger, releasing heat for use on the user side, and at the same time enters the stored heat from the top of the tank body, wherein a part of the heat is stored in the heat transfer fluid in the form of sensible heat, and the other part of the heat is stored in the phase change equalizing plate in the form of latent heat and sensible heat; when the cold capacity on the hot / cold source side is sufficient, the heat transfer fluid releases heat and cools down through the first heat exchanger. The cooled low-temperature heat transfer fluid directly exchanges heat with the second heat exchanger, providing cold capacity for use on the user side, and at the same time enters the stored cold capacity from the bottom of the tank body, wherein a part of the cold capacity is stored in the heat transfer fluid in the form of sensible heat, and the other part of the cold capacity is stored in the phase change equalizing plate in the form of latent heat and sensible heat;

[0022] When the heat supplied by the hot / cold source side to the user side is insufficient, the heat transfer fluid will transfer the heat stored in the tank out of the top of the tank through the heat transfer fluid, and the phase change flow equalizing plate will release the heat at the same time to stabilize the fluid outlet temperature, and finally the heat will be transferred to the user side; when the cooling capacity supplied by the hot / cold source side to the user side is insufficient, the heat transfer fluid will transfer the cooling capacity stored in the tank out of the bottom of the tank through the heat transfer fluid, and the phase change flow equalizing plate will release the cooling capacity at the same time to stabilize the fluid outlet temperature, and finally the cooling capacity will be transferred to the user side.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] 1. Optimize fluid flow and improve heat exchange efficiency. Traditional single-tank heat / cold storage systems are prone to uneven fluid flow, leading to localized overheating or overcooling, which affects heat exchange efficiency. The phase-change flow plate of the present invention is equipped with evenly or unevenly distributed holes or flow channels, which effectively guide the fluid to a uniform distribution and reduce dead zones.

[0025] 2. Enhance temperature uniformity and reduce axial temperature gradients. By filling the flow plate with phase change material, the present invention utilizes the latent heat properties of the phase change material to maintain a stable temperature distribution within the phase change temperature range, reducing the temperature gradient within the heat / cold storage system, making the fluid temperature more uniform, and improving the thermal management performance of the entire system.

[0026] 3. Increase heat storage capacity and reduce heat loss. Phase change materials can absorb and release large amounts of heat energy, enabling heat / cold storage systems to achieve higher heat / cold storage density within the same volume. Furthermore, the use of highly thermally conductive metal materials improves thermal conductivity, reduces heat loss caused by temperature differences during heat / cold storage, and improves energy efficiency.

[0027] 4. Enhance system stability and adaptability. The optimized structure of the flow plate enables it to adapt to different operating conditions, reducing the impact of fluid velocity changes on system performance. In addition, the phase change regulation effect of the flow plate can buffer fluctuations in the inlet fluid temperature, reduce temperature shock, and improve the operational stability of the thermal storage system.

[0028] 5. Applicable to a variety of heat and cold storage applications. This invention is applicable to a variety of fields, including solar thermal energy storage systems, industrial waste heat recovery systems, and building heating systems. It can improve the utilization efficiency of renewable energy and, in applications with different temperature requirements, can replace different phase change materials to provide an efficient and stable heat supply.

[0029] 6. Simple structure and easy engineering implementation. The modular design allows for detachable phase-change flow equalizing plates and can be flexibly combined with heat / cold storage tanks, facilitating manufacturing, installation, and maintenance, reducing engineering costs and improving economic efficiency and operability.

[0030] In summary, the phase change material-based flow equalizing plate of the present invention has significant advantages over traditional flow equalizing plates in optimizing the performance of single-tank heat / cold storage systems. It can effectively improve heat storage efficiency, enhance temperature uniformity, reduce heat loss, and has good engineering application value and promotion potential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-change flow equalizing plate provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the structure of a single-tank heat / cold storage module in a single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase change flow equalizing plate provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a front view and a cross-sectional view of a hole-type phase-change current equalizing plate in a single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-change current equalizing plate provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a front view and a cross-sectional view of the annular phase change equalizing plate in a single-tank heat / cold storage system based on the phase change equalizing plate provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a front view and a cross-sectional view of a strip-shaped phase change equalizing plate in a single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase change equalizing plate provided by the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. Heat / cold source side; 2. User side; 3. First heat exchanger; 4. Second heat exchanger; 5. Phase change equalizing plate; 6. Tank; 7. First centrifugal pump; 8. Second centrifugal pump; 9. First valve, 10. Second valve, 11. Third valve, 12. Fourth valve; 13. Pipeline; 14. Phase change material; (1) Heat storage / cooling process; (2) Cooling / heat storage process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The serial numbers of the components herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0040] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-change flow equalizing plate to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0042] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] This embodiment provides a single tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase change flow plate. Figure 1-2 As shown, the system includes:

[0045] Single-tank heat storage / cold storage module, the single-tank heat storage / cold storage module includes a phase change equalizing plate 5 and a tank body 6. The tank body 6 is a vertical cylindrical structure, and four phase change equalizing plates 5 are arranged inside. The top and bottom equalizing plates are respectively 10% of the tank body height away from the tank top / bottom. For example, when the tank height is 2m, the distance from the end is 0.2m, and the two middle plates are evenly distributed in the middle of the tank body; the equalizing plate shell is made of aluminum alloy. Of course, in other embodiments, pure metal, high thermal conductivity ceramics, plastic and other materials can also be used. Suitable materials are selected according to the application temperature. The internal filling phase change material 14 is specifically paraffin with a phase change temperature of 50°C. Of course, in other embodiments, polyethylene glycols, fatty acids, hydrated salts, molten salts and other materials can also be used. Suitable materials are selected according to the application temperature;

[0046] The bottom inlet and outlet of the tank body 6 is connected to a third valve 11 through a flange, and the top inlet and outlet of the tank body 6 is connected to a fourth valve 12 through a flange.

[0047] It also includes a heat / cold source side 1, and the heat / cold source side 1 is connected to a first heat exchanger 3; wherein the heat source side can be at least one of a solar collector, industrial waste heat recovery, geothermal, and a new energy unit; the cold source side can be at least one of valley-price electricity, a heat pump, and a new energy unit.

[0048] It also includes a user side 2, which is connected to a second heat exchanger 4; wherein the user side is at least one of building heating and greenhouse heating; or the user side is one of industrial cooling, air conditioning refrigeration, food cold chain and medical transportation.

[0049] As an embodiment, the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 4 are both stainless steel coil heat exchangers.

[0050] As an embodiment, the third valve 11 is connected to the first centrifugal pump 7 and the second centrifugal pump 8 through the pipeline 13 respectively, the first centrifugal pump 7 is connected to the first valve 9, the first valve 9 is connected to the first heat exchanger 3, the second centrifugal pump 8 is connected to the second valve 10, the second valve 10 is connected to the second heat exchanger 4, and the first valve 9 is connected to the second valve 10; the fourth valve 12 is connected to the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 4 through the pipeline 13 respectively.

[0051] As an implementation method, Figure 3 As shown, the opening method of the current equalizing plate shell in the phase change current equalizing plate adopts a hole type, the hole diameter is 3% of the tank diameter, the hole area is evenly distributed, and the opening area accounts for 20%.

[0052] The process of filling the phase change material is as follows: 70% of the mass of molten paraffin is injected into the aluminum alloy shell according to conventional process settings, and after cooling and sealing, a solid composite unit is formed with a latent heat value ≥180kJ / kg.

[0053] As an implementation manner, the thickness of a single plate of the phase change current balancing plate 5 is 10% of the height of the tank body 6 .

[0054] As an implementation method, a single-tank heat storage / cold system based on a phase change equalizing plate has a heat transfer fluid flowing therein, and the heat transfer fluid is water or organic alcohol. Specifically, water can be used as the heat transfer fluid when storing heat, which is safe and low-cost. Organic alcohol can be used as the heat transfer fluid when storing cold. It has good thermal conductivity and a low freezing point and is suitable for low-temperature working conditions. Of course, in other implementations, thermal oil or the like can also be used as the heat transfer fluid.

[0055] The workflow of the above system is:

[0056] When the heat source 1 has sufficient heat, the tank body 6 stores heat. The heat storage process is as follows: the cold heat transfer fluid is taken out from the tank body 5, enters the first heat exchanger 3 through the third valve 11, the first centrifugal pump 7, and the first valve 9 for heating, and the high-temperature heat transfer fluid after heating reaches the fourth valve 12 along the pipeline, and part of it enters the second heat exchanger 4 for user use; the other part enters the tank body 6 from the heat transfer fluid inlet and outlet above the tank body 6, wherein part of the heat is heat-exchanged with the phase change flow plate 5 and stored in the phase change material 14, and the other part of the heat is heated. The sensible heat is stored in the heat transfer fluid; when the heat directly supplied from the heat source side 1 to the user side 2 is insufficient, the tank body 6 releases heat, and the heat release process is as follows: driven by the second centrifugal pump 8, the heat transfer fluid carries the heat from the tank body 6 through the fourth valve 12 into the second heat exchanger 4, and the phase change flow equalizing plate releases heat at the same time, stabilizes the fluid outlet temperature, and transfers the heat to the user side 2. The cold heat transfer fluid passes through the second valve 10 and the third valve 11 through the pipeline and returns to the tank body 6 from the lower inlet and outlet of the tank body 6; the heat transfer fluid in this process is water, which is safe and low-cost.

[0057] When the cold source 1 has sufficient cold capacity, the tank body 6 stores cold, and the cold storage process is as follows: the high-temperature heat transfer fluid is taken out from the upper inlet and outlet of the tank body 5, enters the first heat exchanger 3 through the fourth valve 12 for heating, and the cooled low-temperature heat transfer fluid passes through the first valve 9 along the pipeline to reach the second valve 10, and part of it enters the second heat exchanger 4 for heat exchange for user use; the other part enters the tank body 6 from the heat transfer fluid inlet and outlet below the tank body 6, a part of the cold energy exchanges heat with the phase change equalizing plate 5, and the cold energy is stored in the phase change material 14, and the other part of the cold energy is stored in the heat transfer fluid in the form of sensible heat; when the cold source side 1 is directly supplied to the user When the cooling capacity of side 2 is insufficient, the tank body 6 is cooled. The cooling process is as follows: driven by the first centrifugal pump 7, the heat transfer fluid transfers the cooling capacity stored in the tank body 6 out of the bottom of the tank body through the heat transfer fluid. The phase change flow equalizing plate releases the cooling capacity at the same time to stabilize the fluid outlet temperature. The heat transfer fluid carries the cooling capacity from the tank body 6 through the third valve 11, the first valve 9, and the second valve 10, and enters the second heat exchanger 4 to transfer the cooling capacity to the user side 2. The high-temperature heat transfer fluid after releasing the cooling capacity passes through the fourth valve 12 and returns to the tank body 6 from the upper inlet and outlet of the tank body 6. The heat transfer fluid in this process is an organic alcohol with good thermal conductivity and a low freezing point, which is suitable for low-temperature working conditions.

[0058] Example 2:

[0059] This embodiment provides another type of opening in the shell of the phase change current equalizing plate, such as Figure 4 As shown, the opening adopts an annular hole type, with 3 layers of annular holes, the width of each layer is 2% of the tank diameter, and the opening area accounts for 15%.

[0060] Except for the opening form, the rest of the structure and operation mode of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1.

[0061] Example 3:

[0062] This embodiment provides another type of opening in the shell of the phase change current equalizing plate, such as Figure 5 As shown, the openings are strip-shaped, the strip width is 4% of the tank diameter, and the opening area accounts for 25%.

[0063] Except for the opening form, the rest of the structure and operation mode of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1.

[0064] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0065] It should be noted that the components mentioned in the above embodiments are all universal standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art, and their structures and principles can be known to those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.

[0066] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-changing flow equalizing plate, characterized by: include: A single-tank heat / cold storage module, the single-tank heat / cold storage module comprising a tank body (6), a phase change flow balancing plate (5) distributed in the tank body (6), a bottom inlet and outlet of the tank body (6) connected to a third valve (11), and a top inlet and outlet of the tank body (6) connected to a fourth valve (12); A heat / cold source side (1), wherein the heat / cold source side (1) is connected to a first heat exchanger (3); A user side (2), the user side (2) being connected to a second heat exchanger (4); The third valve (11) is connected to the first centrifugal pump (7) and the second centrifugal pump (8) through a pipeline (13), the first centrifugal pump (7) is connected to the first valve (9), the first valve (9) is connected to the first heat exchanger (3), the second centrifugal pump (8) is connected to the second valve (10), the second valve (10) is connected to the second heat exchanger (4), and the first valve (9) is connected to the second valve (10); the fourth valve (12) is connected to the first heat exchanger (3) and the second heat exchanger (4) through a pipeline (13).

2. The single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-change flow equalizing plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The phase change current balancing plate (5) comprises a current balancing plate shell, a surface of the current balancing plate shell is provided with holes, and the current balancing plate shell is filled with a phase change material (14).

3. The single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-change flow equalizing plate according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The current equalizing plate shell is made of metal alloy, pure metal, high thermal conductivity ceramic or plastic; the phase change material (14) is an organic phase change material or an inorganic phase change material with a temperature of -20 to 250°C, wherein the organic phase change material includes at least one of paraffin, polyethylene glycol, and fatty acid, and the inorganic phase change material includes at least one of hydrated salt or molten salt.

4. The single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-change flow equalizing plate according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The opening is in the form of at least one of a hole, an annular hole or a strip, and the area of the opening is 10% to 30% of the cross-sectional area of the tank body (6).

5. The single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-change flow equalizing plate according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The hole-type aperture is 2% to 5% of the diameter of the tank body (6).

6. The single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-change flow equalizing plate according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The number of ring hole layers of the ring hole type is 3 to 5, and the width of the ring hole is 1% to 3% of the diameter of the tank body (6).

7. The single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-change flow equalizing plate according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The width of the strip-shaped holes is 2% to 5% of the diameter of the tank body (6).

8. The single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-change flow equalizing plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of the phase change equalizing plates (5) is not less than two, at least one of which is located at 0 to 20% of the tank body height below the top of the tank body (6), and at least one is located at 0 to 20% of the tank body height above the bottom of the tank body (6), and the remaining phase change equalizing plates (5) are equidistantly or non-equidistantly distributed in the middle of the tank body (6); the thickness of a single plate of the phase change equalizing plates (5) is 5% to 20% of the height of the tank body (6).

9. The single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-change flow equalizing plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A heat transfer fluid flows in the single-tank heat storage / cold storage system based on a phase change flow equalizing plate. The heat transfer fluid is one of water, heat transfer oil or organic alcohol.

10. The operating method of a single-tank heat / cold storage system based on a phase-change flow equalizing plate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: When the heat source side (1) has sufficient heat, the heat transfer fluid absorbs heat and heats up through the first heat exchanger (3). The heated high-temperature heat transfer fluid directly exchanges heat with the second heat exchanger (4), releasing heat for use by the user side (2). At the same time, heat enters the storage tank (6) from the top of the tank body (6), wherein a portion of the heat is stored in the heat transfer fluid in the form of sensible heat, and the other portion of the heat is stored in the phase change flow equalizing plate in the form of latent heat and sensible heat. When the cooling capacity on the heat / cold source side (1) is sufficient, the heat transfer fluid releases heat and cools down through the first heat exchanger (3). The cooled low-temperature heat transfer fluid directly exchanges heat with the second heat exchanger (4) to provide cooling capacity for the user side (2). At the same time, cooling capacity enters the storage tank (6) from the bottom of the tank body (6), wherein a part of the cooling capacity is stored in the heat transfer fluid in the form of sensible heat, and the other part of the cooling capacity is stored in the phase change equalizing plate in the form of latent heat and sensible heat. When the heat supplied by the heat / cold source side (1) to the user side (2) is insufficient, the heat transfer fluid causes the heat stored in the tank body (6) to flow out from the top of the tank body (6) through the heat transfer fluid, and the phase change equalizing plate (5) simultaneously releases the heat to stabilize the fluid outlet temperature, and finally the heat is transferred to the user side (2); when the cold energy supplied by the heat / cold source side (1) to the user side (2) is insufficient, the heat transfer fluid causes the cold energy stored in the tank body (6) to flow out from the bottom of the tank body (6) through the heat transfer fluid, and the phase change equalizing plate (5) simultaneously releases the cold energy to stabilize the fluid outlet temperature, and finally the cold energy is transferred to the user side (2).

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