Thermal management system and vehicle
By employing multi-stage phase change modules in the thermal management system, with each module having a different phase change temperature, multi-stage phase change heat storage and release are achieved, solving the problem of limited heat storage and release of single-stage phase change materials and improving heat utilization efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520016087.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-02
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, single-stage phase change materials have limited heat storage and heat release capabilities, leading to limitations in thermal energy utilization.
Multi-stage phase change modules are used, with each module having a different phase change temperature. Heat exchange is achieved between the heat exchange fluid and multiple phase change modules, enabling multi-stage phase change heat storage and release.
This improves the heat storage capacity of the phase change thermal energy storage unit, reduces heat loss, and increases the utilization rate of heat.
Smart Images
Figure CN223657960U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to vehicle technical field especially relates to a thermal management system and vehicle. BACKGROUND
[0002] In prior art, auxiliary phase change heat storage system often adopts single-stage phase change material, and the heat storage capacity of single-stage phase change material is limited, so that a large amount of heat is lost due to the inability to store heat, and the heat release capacity of single-stage phase change material is also limited, resulting in the limitation of the utilization of heat energy. SUMMARY
[0003] The utility model discloses a thermal management system and vehicle, and aims at improving the heat storage capacity to improve the utilization of heat.
[0004] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0005] On the one hand, the utility model provides a kind of thermal management system, comprising: heat exchanger;Phase change heat storage unit, the phase change heat storage unit is communicated with the heat exchanger, and heat exchange fluid circulates between the phase change heat storage unit and the heat exchanger, the phase change heat storage unit includes at least two phase change modules, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the at least two phase change modules is different;Wherein, the heat exchange fluid and the phase change material of the phase change module exchange heat, to make the phase change material of the phase change module absorb heat or release heat.
[0006] According to the thermal management system of the utility model, by using the phase change module of different temperature, the phase change module of different temperature can store heat simultaneously. Thus, compared with traditional thermal management system, the heat storage capacity of phase change heat storage unit is improved, the heat loss of thermal management system is reduced, and the utilization rate of heat is improved.
[0007] In some embodiments, the phase change module includes a first-stage phase change module and a second-stage phase change module, the first-stage phase change module and the second-stage phase change module are connected along the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the first-stage phase change module is greater than the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the second-stage phase change module.
[0008] In some embodiments, the phase change material of the phase change module includes organic material, and the mass percentage of the organic material of the first-stage phase change module and the organic material of the second-stage phase change module is different.
[0009] In some embodiments, further comprising: a heat pump unit, one end of the heat pump unit being connected with the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger fluid exchanging heat between the heat pump unit and the heat exchanger; a heat source, an outlet end of the heat source being connected with another end of the heat pump unit, the heat pump unit absorbing heat of the heat source and transferring heat to the phase change heat storage unit through the heat exchanger, or the heat pump unit releasing heat of the phase change heat storage unit to the heat source through the heat exchanger.
[0010] In some embodiments, the phase change module is divided into a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone, the heat source includes a first heat source and a second heat source, the heat pump unit controls the first heat source to flow the heat exchanger fluid to the first temperature zone, and the second heat source to flow the heat exchanger fluid to the second temperature zone.
[0011] In some embodiments, the temperature of the first heat source is greater than or equal to 80℃, and the temperature of the second heat source is less than 80℃.
[0012] In some embodiments, further comprising: a heat exchange channel, the heat exchange channel including a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, the first heat exchange channel being connected with the first temperature zone, and the second heat exchange channel being connected with the second temperature zone; the heat pump unit controls the first heat source to flow the heat exchanger fluid to the first heat exchange channel, and controls the second heat source to flow the heat exchanger fluid to the second heat exchange channel.
[0013] In some embodiments, the heat pump unit includes a condenser and an evaporator, both of which are connected with the heat exchanger; the heat management system includes a cooling mode, in the cooling mode, the evaporator absorbs heat from the heat source, and transfers the heat to the heat exchanger fluid through the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger fluid is transferred to the phase change heat storage unit through the heat exchange channel, the phase change material of the phase change module changes phase, and the phase change heat storage unit stores heat.
[0014] In some embodiments, the heat pump unit includes a condenser and an evaporator, both of which are connected with the heat exchanger; the heat management system includes a heating mode, in the heating mode, the heat exchanger fluid absorbs heat from the phase change material of the phase change module, and the heat exchanger fluid releases heat through the condenser, achieving heating of the heat source.
[0015] In some embodiments, the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the first phase change module is 50℃-60℃, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the second phase change module is 40℃-45℃.
[0016] In some embodiments, the phase change module further includes a third phase change module, the temperature of the third phase change module being less than the temperature of the second phase change module.
[0017] In some embodiments, in the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone, the first phase change module, the second phase change module and the third phase change module are connected in sequence, and the heat exchange fluid flows through the first phase change module, the second phase change module and the third phase change module in sequence.
[0018] In some embodiments, the phase change temperature of the third phase change module is 30-35℃.
[0019] In some embodiments, the organic material includes paraffin, ethylene glycol, sodium chloride.
[0020] In another aspect, the utility model provides a kind of vehicle, including the heat management system as described above.
[0021] It can be understood that the heat management system and vehicle provided by the above embodiment of the utility model can achieve the beneficial effects as described above, and the detailed description is omitted here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.
[0023] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a heat management system according to some embodiments;
[0024] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a phase change heat storage unit according to some embodiments;
[0025] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of heat storage and heat release of a phase change heat storage unit according to some embodiments;
[0026] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments.
[0027] Reference signs:
[0028] 100, heat management system;
[0029] 10, phase change storage unit; 1, phase change module; 11, first-level phase change module; 12, second-level phase change module; 13, third-level phase change module; 14, first temperature zone; 15, second temperature zone; 2, heat exchanger; 3, heat pump unit; 31, condenser; 32, evaporator; 4, heat source; 5, heat exchange channel; 51, first heat exchange channel; 52, second heat exchange channel; 200, vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The technical solutions in some embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
[0031] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only intended to facilitate the description of the present disclosure and simplify the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.
[0032] Unless otherwise required by context, the term "comprises" in the specification and claims is to be construed as an open, inclusive meaning, i.e. "including, but not limited to". In the description of the specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "exemplarily" or "some examples" are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material or characteristic included in the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. The exemplary representation of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. In addition, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be included in any one or more embodiments or examples in any appropriate manner.
[0033] Hereinafter, the terms "first", "second" are only used for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.
[0034] In describing some embodiments, it will be understood that the terms "coupled" and "connected," along with derivatives thereof, can be used to describe some embodiments. For example, some embodiments can be described as connected or coupled to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. As used herein, the term "coupled" can also mean that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other, but yet still co-operate or interact with each other. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited in scope to the terms used herein.
[0035] In the present disclosure, the terms "on," "over," and "above" are to be interpreted in the broadest context, such that "on" means not only "directly on" but also "on" with intervening features or layers therebetween, and "over" or "above" means not only "over" or "above" but also "over" or "above" with no intervening features or layers therebetween (i.e., directly on).
[0036] Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional and / or plan view illustrations that are idealized illustrations. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions are exaggerated for clarity. Accordingly, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, the exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limited to the particular shapes of regions as illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example, from manufacturing. For example, an etched region illustrated as a rectangle will typically have rounded or curved features. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic in nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shape of a region of a device and are not intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.
[0037] In one aspect, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The utility model provides a heat management system 100, including heat exchanger 2 and phase change heat storage unit 10. Phase change heat storage unit 10 communicates with heat exchanger 2, and heat exchange fluid flows between phase change heat storage unit 10 and heat exchanger 2, and phase change heat storage unit 10 includes at least two phase change modules 1, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material of at least two phase change modules 1 is different, wherein the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the phase change material of phase change module 1 to make the phase change material of phase change module 1 absorb heat or release heat.
[0038] For example, in Figure 1 and Figure 2In the example, the heat exchanger 2 can make the heat exchange of the heat exchange fluid. After the heat exchange fluid flows to the phase change heat storage unit 10, the heat exchange fluid can exchange heat with the phase change material of the phase change module 1, so that the phase change material changes phase, and the heat storage or heat release of the phase change heat storage unit 10 is realized. The number of the phase change module 1 is at least two, and can be multiple. The multiple phase change modules 1 are connected, and the heat exchange fluid can exchange heat with the multiple phase change modules 1 at the same time, so that the phase change materials of the two phase change modules 1 can change phase at the same time, and then the multiple phase change modules 1 can store heat or release heat at the same time. Since the temperatures of the at least two phase change modules 1 are different, the at least two phase change modules 1 can absorb heat of different temperatures, improve the heat storage capacity of the phase change heat storage unit 10, reduce the heat loss of the heat management system 100, and be beneficial to improving the utilization rate of heat.
[0039] In summary, the heat storage efficiency or heat release efficiency of the phase change heat storage unit 10 is improved, the working efficiency of the heat management system 100 is improved, and the heat consumption is reduced.
[0040] According to the heat management system 100 of the utility model, by adopting the phase change module 1 with different temperatures, the phase change module 1 with different temperatures can store heat at the same time. Therefore, compared with the traditional heat management system, the heat storage capacity of the phase change heat storage unit 10 is improved, the heat loss of the heat management system 100 is reduced, and the utilization rate of heat is improved.
[0041] In some embodiments, the phase change module 1 includes a first phase change module 11 and a second phase change module 12, the first phase change module 11 and the second phase change module 12 are connected along the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the first phase change module 11 is greater than the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the second phase change module 12.
[0042] Referring to Figure 2 When the heat exchange fluid enters the phase change module 1, the heat exchange fluid first passes through the first phase change module 11 and then the second phase change module 12. Since the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the first phase change module 11 is greater than the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the second phase change module 12, when the heat exchange fluid enters the phase change module 1, if the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is greater than the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the first phase change module 11, the phase change material of the first phase change module 11 and the phase change material of the second phase change module 12 can change phase. Therefore, the phase change module 1 can store heat of different temperatures, improve the heat storage capacity of the phase change heat storage unit 10, reduce the heat loss, and be beneficial to improving the utilization rate of heat.
[0043] In some embodiments, the phase change material of the phase change module 1 includes organic material, and the mass percentages of the organic material of the first phase change module 11 and the organic material of the second phase change module 12 are different.
[0044] As Figure 2As shown, the mass percentage of the organic material can make the melting point of the phase change material different, so that the phase change material can change phase at different temperatures. By making the mass percentage of the organic material of the primary phase change module 11 and the organic material of the secondary phase change module 12 different, the phase change module 1 of the primary phase change module 11 and the phase change module 1 of the secondary phase change module 12 can have different melting points, and the primary phase change module 11 and the secondary phase change module 12 can absorb heat at different temperatures, so that the heat storage capacity of the phase change module 1 is enhanced.
[0045] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system 100 further includes a heat pump unit 3 and a heat source 4. One end of the heat pump unit 3 is connected with the heat exchanger 2, and the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat between the heat pump unit 3 and the heat exchanger 2. The outlet end of the heat source 4 is connected with the other end of the heat pump unit 3, and the heat pump unit 3 absorbs the heat of the heat source 4 and transfers the heat to the phase change heat storage unit 10 through the heat exchanger 2, or the heat pump unit 3 releases the heat of the phase change heat storage unit 10 to the heat source 4 through the heat exchanger 2.
[0046] For example, in Figure 1 and Figure 2 the example, the heat pump unit 3 can absorb the heat of the heat source 4, and the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat between the heat pump unit 3 and the heat exchanger 2, so that the heat exchange fluid carries the heat of the heat source 4. When the heat exchange fluid flows to the phase change heat storage unit 10, the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the phase change module 1, so that the phase change material of the phase change module 1 changes phase, thereby storing heat in the phase change heat storage unit 10. When the phase change heat storage unit 10 releases heat, the heat exchange fluid can absorb heat and exchange heat with the heat exchanger 2, so that the heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat with the heat pump unit 3, and the heat pump unit 3 absorbs heat and then transfers the heat to the heat source 4, thereby realizing the heat release of the phase change heat storage unit 10.
[0047] In summary, through the cooperation between the heat source 4, the heat pump unit 3, the heat exchanger 2 and the phase change heat storage unit 10, and by adopting integrated design, an integrated multifunctional thermal management system 100 is formed, which improves the overall efficiency and flexibility of the thermal management system 100, enables the phase change heat storage unit 10 to store or release heat, enhances the heat storage capacity of the phase change heat storage unit 10, and improves the utilization rate of heat.
[0048] In some embodiments, the phase change module 1 is divided into a first temperature zone 14 and a second temperature zone 15, the heat source 4 includes a first heat source 4 and a second heat source 4, and the heat pump unit 3 controls the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid of the first heat source 4 to the first temperature zone 14 and the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid of the second heat source 4 to the second temperature zone 15.
[0049] As Figures 1-3As shown, the first temperature zone 14 stores the temperature of the first heat source 4, and the second temperature zone 15 stores the temperature of the second heat source 4. The first and second temperature zones 14 are connected and arranged along the height of the phase change module 1. After the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the first heat source 4, the heat pump unit 3 controls the heat exchange fluid of the first heat source 4 to enter the first temperature zone 14, causing the heat exchange fluid to undergo a phase change reaction with the phase change material of the first temperature zone 14. After the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the second heat source 4, the heat pump unit 3 controls the heat exchange fluid of the second heat source 4 to enter the second temperature zone 15, causing the heat exchange fluid to undergo a phase change reaction with the phase change material of the second temperature zone 15. Thus, the first temperature zone 14 can store the heat of the first heat source 4, and the second temperature zone 15 can store the heat of the second heat source 4. This improves the heat storage capacity of the phase change module 1 and is beneficial for improving the utilization rate of heat.
[0050] Furthermore, the temperature of the first heat source 4 is greater than or equal to 80°C, and the temperature of the second heat source 4 is less than 80°C. For example... Figures 1-3 As shown, when the temperature of heat source 4 is greater than or equal to 80 degrees Celsius, it is the first heat source 4, and the heat pump unit 3 controls the heat exchange fluid of the first heat source 4 to enter the first temperature zone 14. When the temperature of heat source 4 is less than 80 degrees Celsius, it is the second heat source 4, and the heat pump unit 3 controls the heat exchange fluid of the second heat source 4 to enter the second temperature zone 15. This allows the first temperature zone 14 to store temperatures above 80 degrees Celsius, and the second heat source 4 to store heat below 80 degrees Celsius. This enables the first temperature zone 14 and the second temperature zone 15 to store heat at different temperatures, preventing the loss of high-temperature heat, improving the heat storage capacity of the phase change module 1, reducing heat loss, and improving heat utilization efficiency.
[0051] In some embodiments, the thermal management system 100 further includes a heat exchange channel 5, which includes a first heat exchange channel 51 and a second heat exchange channel 52. The first heat exchange channel 51 is connected to a first temperature zone 14, and the second heat exchange channel 52 is connected to a second temperature zone 15. The heat pump unit 3 controls the flow of heat exchange fluid from the first heat source 4 to the first heat exchange channel 51 and controls the flow of heat exchange fluid from the second heat source 4 to the second heat exchange channel 52.
[0052] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The heat exchange fluid flows in the heat exchange channel 5. The first heat exchange channel 51 extends within the first temperature zone 14, allowing the heat exchange fluid to flow through all of the first temperature zones 14. The second heat exchange channel 52 extends within the second temperature zone 15, allowing the heat exchange fluid to flow through all of the second temperature zones 15. Thus, after the heat source 4 exchanges heat with the heat pump unit 3, the heat pump unit 3 directs the heat exchange fluid to either the first heat exchange channel 51 or the second heat exchange channel 52 based on the temperature of the heat from the heat source 4. This allows the heat exchange fluid to exchange heat with the phase change material in the first temperature zone 14 or the phase change material in the second temperature zone 15. This ensures that the first heat source 4 and the second heat source 4 do not interfere with each other, and allows the first temperature zone 14 and the second temperature zone 15 of the phase change module 1 to store heat separately, improving the heat storage capacity of the phase change module 1.
[0053] The thermal management system 100 also includes an intelligent control module. The control module has a temperature sensor that monitors the temperature data of the engine, electric motor, battery, passenger cabin and power system in real time. It dynamically adjusts the working state of the heat pump unit 3 and the phase change heat storage unit 10 through intelligent algorithms to ensure that the intelligent control module can achieve functions such as heating and cooling of the battery or passenger cabin, as well as defrosting and defogging, under the optimal working state.
[0054] In some embodiments, the heat pump unit 3 includes a condenser 31 and an evaporator 32, both of which are connected to the heat exchanger 2. The thermal management system 100 includes a cooling mode in which the evaporator 32 absorbs heat from the heat source 4 and transfers the heat to the heat exchange fluid through the heat exchanger 2. The heat exchange fluid is then transferred to the phase change thermal storage unit 10 through the heat exchange channel 5, where the phase change material of the phase change module 1 undergoes a phase change, thereby achieving thermal storage in the phase change thermal storage unit 10.
[0055] For example, in Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the example, both the condenser 31 and the evaporator 32 are used to exchange heat from the heat source 4 with the heat exchanger 2, allowing the heat exchange fluid to carry the heat from the heat source 4. In cooling mode, the heat source 4 needs to be cooled. By releasing heat, the heat source 4 is absorbed by the evaporator 32, and heat exchange occurs between the evaporator 32 and the heat exchanger 2. The heat exchanger 2 transfers heat to the heat exchange fluid, which flows along the first heat exchange channel 51 or the second heat exchange channel 52 to the phase change heat storage unit 10, enabling the phase change material to undergo a phase change and achieve heat storage. Thus, the heat source 4 can be cooled, and the phase change heat storage unit 10 can store heat, achieving heat storage and reducing heat loss.
[0056] For example, in cooling mode, the engine, electric motor, battery, and crew compartment can be cooled.
[0057] When the engine and motor temperature exceeds the appropriate temperature, the intelligent control module starts or stops the phase change module 1 of the first temperature zone 14 based on the current functional requirements of the vehicle 200, the ambient temperature, the engine or motor temperature, etc. The evaporator 32 of the heat pump unit 3 absorbs high-temperature heat, ensures that the engine is within the appropriate temperature range, and transmits the temperature to the heat exchanger 2 through the condenser 31. The heat exchanger fluid then transmits the heat to the phase change heat storage unit 10, which finally absorbs the heat.
[0058] When the battery temperature exceeds the appropriate temperature, the intelligent control module starts or stops the phase change module 1 of the second temperature zone 15 based on the current functional requirements of the vehicle 200, the ambient temperature, the battery temperature, etc. The condenser 31 of the heat pump unit 3 transmits the temperature to the heat exchanger 2, and the heat exchanger fluid then transmits the heat to the phase change heat storage unit 10, which finally absorbs the heat, ensuring the optimal performance of the battery.
[0059] When the air conditioning refrigeration of the vehicle member cabin is turned on, the intelligent control module starts the heat pump unit 3, which transmits the heat of the member cabin to the heat exchanger 2 through the heat pump unit 3. The heat exchanger fluid then transmits the heat to the phase change heat storage unit 10, which finally absorbs the heat.
[0060] Further, the thermal management system 100 includes a heating mode, in which the heat exchanger fluid absorbs heat from the phase change material of the phase change module 1, and the heat exchanger fluid releases heat through the condenser 31 to achieve heating of the heat source 4.
[0061] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 1 When the temperature of the heat source 4 is low and needs to be heated, the heat pump unit 3 can switch to the heating mode. At this time, the heat stored in the phase change heat storage unit 10 can provide heat for the heat source 4. The phase change material of the phase change module 1 releases heat, which is absorbed by the heat exchanger fluid. The heat exchanger fluid flows to the heat exchanger 2, causing the heat exchanger 2 to transmit the heat of the heat exchanger fluid to the heat source 4. Alternatively, the heat exchanger fluid transmits the heat to the heat pump unit 3 through the exchanger, and the condenser 31 can release the heat to the heat source 4, causing the heat source 4 to be heated.
[0062] The heat source 4 can be a battery or a member cabin, thereby achieving the purpose of rapidly raising the battery to an appropriate temperature, raising the temperature of the member cabin, or defrosting.
[0063] Specifically, when the battery is cold started, the temperature sensor detects that the battery temperature is below the optimal temperature range of the battery, and the intelligent control module commands the phase change heat storage unit 10 to switch to the heat release mode. The heat exchanger fluid transmits the heat to the battery through the heat exchanger 2, causing the battery to warm up. If the battery has a rapid heating requirement, the first temperature zone 14 and the second temperature zone 15 of the phase change heat storage unit 10 can simultaneously start heat release, causing the battery to rapidly rise to an appropriate temperature.
[0064] If the temperature sensor detects that the battery temperature is lower than the optimal temperature range of the battery during driving, the intelligent control module commands the start of the heat pump unit 3, and the phase change heat storage unit 10 switches to the heat release mode. The heat transfer fluid passes through the heat exchanger 2 to transfer heat to the battery, further improving the battery temperature rising rate, and quickly reaching the appropriate temperature.
[0065] When the air conditioning heating or defrosting of the vehicle cabin is started, the intelligent control module starts the heat pump unit 3, and the phase change heat storage unit 10 switches to the heat release mode. The heat of the phase change heat storage unit 10 is transferred to the heat pump unit 3 through the heat exchanger, and is released to the passenger cabin by the condenser 31 of the heat pump unit 3, so as to raise the temperature of the passenger cabin or defrost.
[0066] In some embodiments, the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the first phase change module 11 is 50-60℃, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the second phase change module 12 is 40-45℃. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 When the first heat source 4 and the second heat source 4 pass through the first phase change module 11 and the second phase change module 12, the first heat source 4 and the second heat source 4 can simultaneously cause the phase change of the phase change material, so that the first phase change module 11 and the second phase change module 12 can simultaneously store heat, and the heat of the first heat source 4 and the heat of the second heat source 4 can be stored, thereby improving the heat storage capacity of the phase change heat storage unit 10.
[0067] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , the phase change module 1 further comprises a third phase change module 13, the third phase change module 13 is connected with the second phase change module 12, and the second phase change module 12 is located between the first phase change module 11 and the third phase change module 13. The heat transfer fluid passes through the first phase change module 11, the second phase change module 12 and the third phase change module 13 in sequence. The temperature of the third phase change module 13 is lower than that of the second phase change module 12, so that the heat transfer fluid can still cause the phase change material of the third phase change module 13 to continue to change phase after the temperature of the heat is relatively low, so that the third phase change module 13 can continue to store heat, thereby realizing the storage of heat, reducing the loss of heat, and improving the working efficiency of the thermal management system 100.
[0068] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2As shown, in the first temperature zone 14 and the second temperature zone 15, the first-level phase change module 11, the second-level phase change module 12 and the third-level phase change module 13 are sequentially connected, and the heat exchange fluid sequentially flows through the first-level phase change module 11, the second-level phase change module 12 and the third-level phase change module 13. In this way, the heat exchange fluid can flow through the first-level phase change module 11, the second-level phase change module 12 and the third-level phase change module 13 in the first temperature zone 14 or the second temperature zone 15, so that the phase change material of the first-level phase change module 11, the phase change material of the second-level phase change module 12 and the phase change material of the third-level phase change module 13 can all undergo phase change, thereby ensuring that the first-level phase change module 11, the second-level phase change module 12 and the third-level phase change module 13 can all store heat, and improving the heat storage capacity of the phase change heat storage unit 10.
[0069] In some embodiments, the phase change temperature of the third-level phase change module 13 is 30-35℃. After the temperature of the heat is relatively low, the heat exchange fluid can still cause the phase change material of the third-level phase change module 13 to continue to undergo phase change, so that the third-level phase change module 13 can continue to store heat, thereby realizing heat storage and reducing heat loss.
[0070] In some embodiments, the organic material includes paraffin, ethylene glycol and sodium chloride. By setting different mass percentages of paraffin, ethylene glycol and sodium chloride, the phase change temperatures of the phase change materials of the first-level phase change module 11, the second-level phase change module 12 and the third-level phase change module 13 are all different, so that the heat storage capacities of the first-level phase change module 11, the second-level phase change module 12 and the third-level phase change module 13 are improved, which is beneficial to reducing heat loss.
[0071] In addition, the heat pump unit 3 and the phase change heat storage unit 10 can be combined in different ways to optimize system performance, such as in series, in parallel, etc. According to specific needs, the heat pump unit 3 can be used first and then the phase change heat storage unit 10 can be used for heat storage, or both can be used simultaneously. The thermal management system 100 can provide multiple operating modes, such as energy-saving mode, comfort mode, sports mode, etc., according to the personalized settings and driving habits of the driver, thereby improving user experience and vehicle 200 performance.
[0072] On the other hand, as shown, Figure 4 The vehicle 200 according to the present application, by using the above-mentioned thermal management system 100, reduces heat loss and improves the operating efficiency of the vehicle 200.
[0073] The vehicle 200 according to the present application, by using the above-mentioned thermal management system 100, reduces heat loss and improves the operating efficiency of the vehicle 200.
[0074] The heat management system 100 can also be applied to more vehicle-mounted devices, such as a gearbox, a vehicle-mounted air conditioner, etc., to improve the overall energy efficiency of the whole vehicle, increase the use of external environment heat sources, for example, solar energy, and further improve the heat energy utilization rate of the system.
[0075] The above is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any skilled person in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A thermal management system (100), characterized in that, include: Heat exchanger (2); A phase change thermal energy storage unit (10) is connected to the heat exchanger (2), and a heat exchange fluid flows between the phase change thermal energy storage unit (10) and the heat exchanger (2). The phase change thermal energy storage unit (10) includes at least two phase change modules (1), and the phase change materials of the at least two phase change modules (1) have different phase change temperatures. The heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the phase change material of the phase change module (1) so that the phase change material of the phase change module (1) absorbs or releases heat.
2. The thermal management system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change module (1) includes a primary phase change module (11) and a secondary phase change module (12). The primary phase change module (11) and the secondary phase change module (12) are connected along the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the primary phase change module (11) is greater than the phase change temperature of the phase change material of the secondary phase change module (12).
3. The thermal management system (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The phase change material of the phase change module (1) includes organic materials, and the mass percentage of the organic materials in the first-stage phase change module (11) and the second-stage phase change module (12) is different.
4. The thermal management system (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A heat pump unit (3) is provided, one end of which is connected to the heat exchanger (2), and the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat between the heat pump unit (3) and the heat exchanger (2). A heat source (4) is provided, with its outlet end connected to the other end of the heat pump unit (3). The heat pump unit (3) absorbs the heat from the heat source (4) and transfers the heat to the phase change heat storage unit (10) through the heat exchanger (2), or the heat pump unit (3) releases the heat from the phase change heat storage unit (10) to the heat source (4) through the heat exchanger (2).
5. The thermal management system (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The phase change module (1) is divided into a first temperature zone (14) and a second temperature zone (15). The heat source (4) includes a first heat source (4) and a second heat source (4). The heat pump unit (3) controls the heat exchange fluid of the first heat source (4) to flow to the first temperature zone (14) and the heat exchange fluid of the second heat source (4) to flow to the second temperature zone (15).
6. The thermal management system (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature of the first heat source (4) is greater than or equal to 80°C, and the temperature of the second heat source (4) is less than 80°C.
7. The thermal management system (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The heat exchange channel (5) includes a first heat exchange channel (51) and a second heat exchange channel (52). The first heat exchange channel (51) is connected to the first temperature zone (14), and the second heat exchange channel (52) is connected to the second temperature zone (15). The heat pump unit (3) controls the heat exchange fluid of the first heat source (4) to flow to the first heat exchange channel (51), and controls the heat exchange fluid of the second heat source (4) to flow to the second heat exchange channel (52).
8. The thermal management system (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heat pump unit (3) includes a condenser (31) and an evaporator (32), both of which are connected to the heat exchanger (2). The thermal management system (100) includes a cooling mode in which the evaporator (32) absorbs heat from the heat source (4) and transfers the heat to the heat exchange fluid through the heat exchanger (2). The heat exchange fluid is transferred to the phase change thermal storage unit (10) through the heat exchange channel (5). The phase change material of the phase change module (1) undergoes a phase change, thereby realizing the thermal storage of the phase change thermal storage unit (10).
9. The thermal management system (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat pump unit (3) includes a condenser (31) and an evaporator (32), both of which are connected to the heat exchanger (2). The thermal management system (100) includes a heating mode in which the heat exchange fluid absorbs heat from the phase change material of the phase change module (1) and releases heat through the condenser (31) to heat the heat source (4).
10. The thermal management system (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The phase change temperature of the phase change material in the first-stage phase change module (11) is 50℃-60℃, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the second-stage phase change module (12) is 40℃-45℃.
11. The thermal management system (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The phase change module (1) further includes a three-stage phase change module (13), the temperature of which is lower than that of the two-stage phase change module (12).
12. The thermal management system (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that, In the first temperature zone (14) and the second temperature zone (15), the first-stage phase change module (11), the second-stage phase change module (12) and the third-stage phase change module (13) are connected in sequence, and the heat exchange fluid flows through the first-stage phase change module (11), the second-stage phase change module (12) and the third-stage phase change module (13) in sequence.
13. The thermal management system (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that, The phase transition temperature of the three-stage phase transition module (13) is 30℃-35℃.
14. The thermal management system (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The organic materials include paraffin, ethylene glycol, and sodium chloride.
15. A vehicle (200), characterized in that, include: The thermal management system (100) according to any one of claims 1-14.