Cable-stayed bridge girder construction monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of cable-stayed bridge construction, and provides a cable-stayed bridge girder construction monitoring device and method.The cable-stayed bridge girder construction monitoring device comprises a cable-stayed bridge girder and a digital twin platform, and the digital twin platform generates a BIM dynamic model based on multi-source data; a plurality of fiber grating sensors and MEMS vibration sensors are uniformly distributed on the surface of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge; the monitoring assemblies are arranged on the two sides of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge, and data synchronization is achieved between the monitoring assemblies and the digital twin platform through a CAT bus; according to the invention, all-around and high-precision real-time monitoring and early warning of the construction process are realized, the construction quality and safety are ensured, the energy consumption is reduced, the field safety management level is improved, abnormal conditions in the construction process can be found and early warned in time in combination with the BIM dynamic model generated by the digital twin platform, and the construction efficiency is improved. Through comprehensive coverage and accurate monitoring of the monitoring assembly, the quality problem in construction can be found in time, and corresponding measures are taken for rectification, so that the construction quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of cable-stayed bridge construction, and in particular relates to a cable-stayed bridge main beam construction monitoring device and method. Background Art

[0002] Cable-stayed bridges, as a key structural form in modern bridge engineering, are crucial for their safety and stability during construction. However, the main beams of cable-stayed bridges face numerous complex challenges during construction, including fluctuating environmental loads, inevitable construction errors, and diverse material properties. These factors can pose potential threats to the safety and quality of the bridges.

[0003] During construction, the main beams of cable-stayed bridges experience various deformations and vibrations. These dynamic changes often provide a direct reflection of the stress state and stability of the bridge structure. Unfortunately, traditional monitoring methods mostly rely on manual inspection and static measurements, which not only have limited accuracy but also lack real-time performance, making it difficult to capture critical information in a timely manner.

[0004] Furthermore, the construction process of a cable-stayed bridge's main beam involves multiple steps and locations, making comprehensive monitoring crucial. However, traditional monitoring methods often struggle to achieve this goal, making it difficult to detect potential quality issues in a timely manner, posing a threat to bridge safety and quality.

[0005] More importantly, the construction monitoring equipment of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge needs to operate stably over a long period of time, which places higher demands on its energy consumption and stability. However, most traditional monitoring devices rely on mains electricity or generator power supply, which not only consumes a lot of energy but also has poor stability, making it difficult to meet the needs of long-term operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a cable-stayed bridge main beam construction monitoring device, which aims to solve the problems that the existing monitoring method relies on manual and static measurement, has low accuracy and poor real-time performance; the construction process involves multiple links and multiple parts, and the existing monitoring is difficult to fully cover, and potential quality problems are difficult to discover in time; and the construction monitoring device needs to operate stably for a long time, and the traditional power supply method consumes a lot of energy. These shortcomings jointly restrict the effectiveness and reliability of cable-stayed bridge construction monitoring.

[0007] The present invention is achieved by providing a cable-stayed bridge main beam construction monitoring device and method, comprising a cable-stayed bridge main beam and a digital twin platform, wherein the digital twin platform generates a BIM dynamic model based on multi-source data;

[0008] Multiple fiber grating sensors and MEMS vibration sensors are evenly distributed on the surface of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge;

[0009] The monitoring assembly is located on both sides of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge. Data synchronization between the monitoring assembly and the digital twin platform is achieved through the CAT bus;

[0010] The monitoring assembly includes:

[0011] The assembly base is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge, and its side walls are evenly distributed with multiple installation slots along its length, and each installation slot is equipped with an embedded sensor module;

[0012] A guide screw is installed in the assembly seat through a bearing. The thread on the guide screw is matched with a guide nut block that slides with the assembly seat. The guide nut block is integrated with an angle encoder.

[0013] A fixed base is provided on the guide nut block;

[0014] An electricity storage structure is provided on the outside of the fixed base;

[0015] A collection module is rotatably mounted on the fixed base. The collection module includes a monitoring camera, a laser rangefinder and an infrared thermal imager.

[0016] Preferably, the power storage structure includes:

[0017] A mounting bracket provided on a side wall of the fixed base;

[0018] A photovoltaic panel is provided on the mounting bracket;

[0019] A battery pack and a bidirectional DC-DC converter electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel are arranged on the bottom side of the mounting bracket.

[0020] Preferably, a multi-spectrum LED warning light and an alarm are provided on the fixed base.

[0021] Preferably, a group of supporting legs are symmetrically arranged on the bottom side of the assembly seat, and the supporting legs include a movable rod and a fixed rod. A plurality of threaded holes are opened on the movable rod and the fixed rod, and the inner threads of the two corresponding threaded holes are matched with the same fastening bolt. The movable rod is sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod and connected to the bottom side of the assembly seat, and a fixed foot pad is provided at the bottom end of the fixed rod away from the movable rod.

[0022] Preferably, the sensing module includes an NTC temperature sensor and a capacitive humidity sensor.

[0023] Preferably, a driving motor is provided on the end side of the assembly seat, and the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the end of the guide screw through an elastic coupling.

[0024] Preferably, a servo motor is provided at the bottom of the fixed base, and the output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the end of the acquisition module through an elastic coupling.

[0025] Preferably, readable scale lines are provided on the assembly seat along its length extension direction.

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for monitoring the construction of a cable-stayed bridge main beam, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Sensor deployment and data collection:

[0028] Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors and MEMS vibration sensors are placed on the main beams of the cable-stayed bridge. The high-precision characteristics of FBG sensors are used to monitor the strain state of the main beams in real time to ensure safe and stable construction. At the same time, MEMS vibration sensors are used to capture vibration information generated by external excitation on the main beams, including key parameters such as vibration frequency and amplitude.

[0029] Step 2: Digital twin platform construction and data analysis:

[0030] Based on multi-source data such as the cable-stayed bridge's main beam and monitoring assembly, a BIM dynamic model is generated and updated in real time. This model not only intuitively displays the construction status of the main beam but also predicts potential safety hazards through data analysis, providing a scientific basis for construction decision-making.

[0031] Step 3: Adjustment and precise monitoring of the monitoring assembly:

[0032] The monitoring assembly is installed on both sides of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge to achieve full coverage of the main beam. The guide screw in the assembly seat is connected to the drive motor to adjust the monitoring range, achieve precise monitoring, and accurately measure the deformation of the main beam. At the same time, the acquisition module on the fixed base captures the construction status of the main beam in real time and transmits it to the digital twin platform via the CAT bus.

[0033] Step 4: Energy Management and Safety Alerts:

[0034] To provide continuous power for the monitoring assembly, photovoltaic panels installed on the bracket efficiently absorb solar energy and convert it into electricity, which is stored in a battery pack. A bidirectional DC-DC converter is used to intelligently adjust the output power to ensure stable system operation. At the same time, multi-spectral LED warning lights work together with the alarm to prevent potential safety risks through dual visual and auditory warnings, thereby improving the level of safety management on the construction site.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0036] First, the present invention achieves real-time monitoring of the strain state and vibration information of the main beam of a cable-stayed bridge by arranging fiber grating sensors and MEMS vibration sensors on the surface of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge. This high-precision, comprehensive monitoring method can promptly detect abnormal conditions during construction, such as abnormal deformation or vibration of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge, thereby ensuring safe and stable construction. At the same time, the digital twin platform generates a BIM dynamic model based on multi-source data, which can predict potential safety hazards, provide a scientific basis for construction decision-making, and further improve construction safety.

[0037] Second: The present invention achieves comprehensive coverage of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge by arranging monitoring assemblies on both sides of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge. Each monitoring assembly contains multiple embedded sensor modules, which can accurately monitor key parameters such as ambient temperature and humidity, and provide data support for construction safety and quality. In addition, the monitoring range of the present invention can be flexibly adjusted to achieve precise monitoring. This comprehensive coverage and precise monitoring method helps to promptly discover quality problems in construction and take corresponding measures to rectify them, thereby improving construction quality.

[0038] Third, by installing photovoltaic panels and battery packs, this invention achieves energy self-sufficiency for the monitoring assembly. The photovoltaic panels efficiently absorb solar energy and convert it into electricity, which is stored in the battery pack to provide continuous power to the monitoring assembly. This not only reduces energy consumption but also improves system stability and reliability. Furthermore, the coordinated operation of multi-spectral LED warning lights and sirens effectively prevents potential safety risks through both visual and auditory warnings, enhancing construction site safety management. This combination of energy self-sufficiency and safety warnings provides more comprehensive and effective protection for the construction monitoring of cable-stayed bridge main beams. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 is a top view of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a left side view of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a right side view of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 It is a front structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A;

[0047] In the figure: 1. Main beam of cable-stayed bridge; 2. Fiber Bragg grating sensor; 3. Assembly seat; 4. Mounting slot; 5. Sensor module; 6. Guide wire rod; 7. Guide nut block; 8. MEMS vibration sensor; 9. Fixed base; 10. Acquisition module; 101. Surveillance camera; 102. Laser rangefinder; 103. Infrared thermal imager; 11. Mounting bracket; 12. Photovoltaic panel; 13. Battery pack; 14. Bidirectional DC-DC converter; 15. Multi-spectral LED warning light; 16. Siren; 17. Support tripod; 18. Moving rod; 19. Fixed rod; 20. Threaded hole; 21. Fastening bolt; 22. Drive motor; 23. Servo motor; 24. Scale line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of the application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.

[0049] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0050] The embodiment of the present invention provides a cable-stayed bridge main beam construction monitoring device, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, it includes a cable-stayed bridge main beam 1 and a digital twin platform, which generates a BIM dynamic model based on multi-source data;

[0051] Multiple fiber grating sensors 2 and MEMS vibration sensors 8 are evenly distributed on the surface of the cable-stayed bridge main beam 1;

[0052] The monitoring assembly is installed on both sides of the main beam 1 of the cable-stayed bridge. Data synchronization is achieved between the monitoring assembly and the digital twin platform via the CAT bus;

[0053] The monitoring assembly includes:

[0054] The assembly base 3 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main beam 1 of the cable-stayed bridge, and its side wall has multiple installation grooves 4 evenly distributed along its length extension direction, and each installation groove 4 is provided with an embedded sensor module 5;

[0055] A guide screw 6 is installed in the assembly seat 3 through a bearing. The guide screw 6 is threaded with a guide nut block 7 that slides with the assembly seat 3. The guide nut block 7 is integrated with an angle encoder.

[0056] A fixed base 9 is provided on the guide nut block 7;

[0057] A power storage structure is provided on the outside of the fixed base 9;

[0058] A collection module 10 is rotatably mounted on the fixed base 9 . The collection module 10 includes a monitoring camera 101 , a laser rangefinder 102 and an infrared thermal imager 103 .

[0059] It should be noted that the existing monitoring methods rely on manual and static measurements, resulting in low accuracy and poor real-time performance. The construction process involves multiple links and multiple parts, making it difficult for existing monitoring to fully cover the entire process, and potential quality problems to be discovered in a timely manner. In addition, construction monitoring devices must operate stably over a long period of time, and traditional power supply methods consume a lot of energy. These shortcomings jointly restrict the effectiveness and reliability of cable-stayed bridge construction monitoring. This solution achieves high-precision monitoring, comprehensive coverage and early warning, as well as green and safe energy self-sufficiency management throughout the construction process. Specifically, high-precision sensors can monitor the strain state and vibration information of the main beam in real time, promptly discover abnormal conditions during construction, and ensure safe and stable construction. The digital twin platform generates a BIM dynamic model based on multi-source data, predicts potential safety hazards, provides a scientific basis for construction decision-making, and further improves construction safety.

[0060] At the same time, the monitoring assembly achieves comprehensive coverage of the cable-stayed bridge's main girder 1, accurately monitoring key parameters such as ambient temperature and humidity, providing data support for construction safety and quality. Flexible adjustment of the monitoring range ensures precise monitoring, helping to promptly identify and rectify quality issues during construction, thereby improving construction quality.

[0061] In addition, by installing photovoltaic panels 12 and battery packs 13, the present invention achieves energy self-sufficiency of the monitoring assembly, reduces energy consumption, and improves the stability and reliability of the system; the coordinated operation of the multi-spectral LED warning lights 15 and the alarm 16 effectively prevents potential safety risks and improves the safety management level of the construction site; this combination of energy self-sufficiency and safety warnings provides more comprehensive and effective protection for the construction monitoring of the main beam 1 of the cable-stayed bridge.

[0062] Specifically, in this embodiment, the solution mainly includes a cable-stayed bridge main beam 1 and a digital twin platform. The cable-stayed bridge main beam 1 serves as the core structure of the construction, and multiple fiber grating sensors 2 and MEMS vibration sensors 8 are evenly distributed on its surface. The fiber grating sensor 2 can monitor the strain state of the main beam in real time to ensure safety and stability during the construction process; the MEMS vibration sensor 8 adopts micro-electromechanical system technology and uses a tiny mass block and spring structure to detect vibration. When the cable-stayed bridge main beam 1 is subjected to external excitation, such as wind load, construction vibration, etc., the mass block in the MEMS vibration sensor 8 will also vibrate, thereby changing its internal capacitance or resistance value. By measuring this change, the MEMS vibration sensor 8 can accurately capture the vibration information of the cable-stayed bridge main beam 1, including key parameters such as vibration frequency and amplitude.

[0063] The digital twin platform generates and updates a BIM dynamic model in real time based on multi-source data, including data from the cable-stayed bridge's main girder 1 and the monitoring assembly. This BIM dynamic model not only visually displays the construction status of the cable-stayed bridge's main girder 1 but also predicts potential safety hazards through data analysis, providing a scientific basis for construction decision-making.

[0064] The monitoring assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cable-stayed bridge main beam 1, ensuring full coverage of the cable-stayed bridge main beam 1. Each monitoring assembly includes an assembly base 3, the side walls of which are evenly distributed along their length with multiple mounting slots 4. Each mounting slot 4 is embedded with an embedded sensor module 5 for collecting various construction parameters.

[0065] A guide screw 6 is mounted inside the assembly seat 3 via a bearing. A guide nut block 7 is threadedly engaged with the guide screw 6. The guide nut block 7 slides with the assembly seat 3, enabling precise linear movement under the guidance of the guide screw 6. An angle encoder is integrated into the guide nut block 7 to monitor its travel distance and rotation angle in real time, thereby enabling accurate measurement of the deformation of the cable-stayed bridge main girder 1.

[0066] A fixed base 9 is fixed on the guide nut block 7, and the outer side of the fixed base 9 is equipped with a power storage structure, which can provide continuous and stable power support for the entire monitoring assembly;

[0067] A collection module 10 is rotatably engaged with the fixed base 9. The collection module 10 includes multiple sensors such as a monitoring camera 101, a laser rangefinder 102 (Leica DISTO D510), and an infrared thermal imager 103 (FLIR T120IR Thermal Camera). It can capture the construction status of the cable-stayed bridge main beam 1 in real time, including key information such as structural deformation and temperature changes. This information is transmitted to the digital twin platform in real time via the CAT bus for processing and analysis, ultimately generating intuitive monitoring reports and early warning information.

[0068] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-7 As shown, the power storage structure includes:

[0069] A mounting bracket 11 is provided on the side wall of the fixed base 9;

[0070] A photovoltaic panel 12 is provided on the mounting bracket 11;

[0071] A battery pack 13 and a bidirectional DC-DC converter 14 electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 12 are disposed on the bottom side of the mounting bracket 11 .

[0072] In this embodiment, the mounting bracket 11 provides a stable mounting platform for the photovoltaic panel 12. The photovoltaic panel 12 can efficiently absorb and utilize solar energy and convert it into electrical energy. The electrical energy is stored in the battery pack 13 to provide continuous power support for the monitoring assembly.

[0073] The bidirectional DC-DC converter 14 can convert the direct current power generated by the photovoltaic panel 12 into the specific voltage and current required by the monitoring assembly. On the other hand, when the battery pack 13 needs to be charged, the power generated by the photovoltaic panel 12 can also be efficiently stored in the battery pack 13. In addition, the bidirectional DC-DC converter 14 can also intelligently adjust the voltage and current of the output power according to the actual power demand of the monitoring assembly to ensure the stable operation of the entire system.

[0074] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 As shown, a multi-spectrum LED warning light 15 and an alarm 16 are provided on the fixed base 9 .

[0075] In this embodiment, the multi-spectral LED warning light 15, with its high brightness and multi-color display capabilities, can emit corresponding light signals according to different monitoring states or alarm levels. For example, if abnormal strain occurs in the main beam 1 of the cable-stayed bridge or there is a safety hazard in the construction environment, the warning light can quickly switch to a striking red or yellow color to attract the attention of on-site personnel and enable them to take necessary countermeasures. This intuitive and immediate visual feedback greatly improves safety awareness during the construction process.

[0076] At the same time, as a supplement to the auditory warning, the siren 16 can emit a loud alarm when a potential risk or emergency is detected. This sound signal can quickly penetrate the noisy environment of the construction site, ensuring that relevant personnel can receive the alarm information immediately.

[0077] The coordinated operation of the multi-spectral LED warning light 15 and the alarm 16 not only enhances the warning effect of the monitoring device, but also improves the overall safety management level of the construction site; through the dual visual and auditory warnings, potential safety risks can be more effectively prevented, ensuring the smooth progress of the construction process of the cable-stayed bridge main beam 1.

[0078] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-2 As shown, a group of supporting legs 17 are symmetrically arranged on the bottom side of the assembly seat 3. The supporting legs 17 include a movable rod 18 and a fixed rod 19. A plurality of threaded holes 20 are opened on the movable rod 18 and the fixed rod 19. The internal threads of the two corresponding threaded holes 20 are matched with the same fastening bolt 21. The movable rod 18 is sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod 19 and connected to the bottom side of the assembly seat 3. A fixed foot pad is provided on the bottom end of the fixed rod 19 away from the movable rod 18.

[0079] In this embodiment, when the height of the entire monitoring assembly needs to be adjusted to suit different construction conditions or monitoring requirements, the movable rod 18 is freely slid within the fixed rod 19. This process allows the monitoring assembly to be raised or lowered within a certain range in the vertical direction. The sliding design between the movable rod 18 and the fixed rod 19 makes height adjustment flexible and easy to operate. After sliding to the desired height, the two corresponding threaded holes 20 on the movable rod 18 and the fixed rod 19 are found. These two threaded holes 20 are designed to allow the insertion and tightening of fastening bolts 21, thereby achieving a fastened connection between the movable rod 18 and the fixed rod 19.

[0080] Then, the same fastening bolt 21 is screwed into the two corresponding threaded holes 20; as the fastening bolt 21 is gradually tightened, the gap between the movable rod 18 and the fixed rod 19 is gradually eliminated until a stable connection state is achieved; this tightening process ensures that the monitoring assembly can remain stable at the adjusted height and is not prone to shaking or displacement.

[0081] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-2 As shown, the sensing module 5 includes an NTC temperature sensor and a capacitive humidity sensor.

[0082] In this embodiment, the NTC temperature sensor (Vishay NTCLE100E3103JL) utilizes the characteristics of thermistor materials to change its resistance value as the ambient temperature changes. When the ambient temperature increases, the resistance value of the NTC thermistor decreases; conversely, when the ambient temperature decreases, the resistance value increases. By measuring this change in resistance value and performing circuit conversion, the NTC temperature sensor can accurately convert the ambient temperature into an electrical signal output, thereby achieving real-time monitoring of the temperature of the cable-stayed bridge main girder 1 and its surrounding environment.

[0083] The capacitive humidity sensor (Sensirion SHT35) works on the principle that the capacitance of a hygroscopic material changes after it absorbs water vapor. When the air humidity around the cable-stayed bridge girder 1 changes, the hygroscopic material in the capacitive humidity sensor absorbs or releases water vapor, causing its capacitance to change. By measuring this capacitance change and processing it through circuitry, the capacitive humidity sensor can accurately convert the air humidity into an electrical signal output, thereby enabling real-time monitoring of the humidity in the construction environment. These sensors work independently and collaboratively to provide strong data support for the construction safety and quality of the cable-stayed bridge girder 1.

[0084] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-4 As shown, a drive motor 22 is provided on the end side of the assembly seat 3 , and the output end of the drive motor 22 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide screw 6 through an elastic coupling.

[0085] In this embodiment, when the drive motor 22 is started, the torque it generates is transmitted to the guide screw 6 through a precise mechanical connection, driving the guide screw 6 to start rotating. Since there is a precise threaded fit between the guide nut block 7 and the guide screw 6, it will be displaced in the horizontal direction as the guide screw 6 rotates. This displacement is continuous and controllable, allowing the monitoring assembly to adjust its monitoring range as needed, thereby achieving accurate monitoring of a larger area.

[0086] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-3 As shown, a servo motor 23 is provided at the bottom of the fixed base 9, and the output end of the servo motor 23 is fixedly connected to the end of the acquisition module 10 through an elastic coupling.

[0087] In this embodiment, the acquisition module 10 can be rotated by precisely controlling the rotation of the servo motor 23 . As the acquisition module 10 rotates, a wider area can be covered, and precise monitoring of different angular positions can be achieved.

[0088] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-3 As shown, readable scale lines 24 are provided on the assembly seat 3 along its length extension direction.

[0089] In this embodiment, the readable scale line 24 facilitates calibration and verification of the assembly base 3 during installation and debugging, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the entire monitoring assembly. By simply reading the value on the readable scale line 24, the user can quickly understand the actual position of the assembly base 3 and the components installed thereon, and thus make necessary adjustments and optimizations.

[0090] Working Principle: The present invention comprises two major components: a cable-stayed bridge girder 1 and a digital twin platform. The cable-stayed bridge girder 1, serving as the primary construction structure, is surface-mounted with multiple fiber grating (FBG) sensors 2 and MEMS vibration sensors 8. The FBG sensors 2, with their high precision, monitor the strain state of the cable-stayed bridge girder 1 in real time, ensuring safety and stability during construction. The MEMS vibration sensors 8, utilizing micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) technology, interact with a tiny mass and spring structure to accurately capture vibration information generated by the girder due to external excitations, such as wind loads and construction vibrations. This includes key parameters such as vibration frequency and amplitude.

[0091] The digital twin platform generates and updates the BIM dynamic model in real time based on multi-source data, including the cable-stayed bridge main girder 1 and the monitoring assembly. The BIM dynamic model not only intuitively displays the construction status of the main girder but also predicts potential safety hazards through data analysis, providing a scientific basis for construction decision-making.

[0092] The monitoring assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cable-stayed bridge main girder 1, achieving comprehensive coverage of the cable-stayed bridge main girder 1. Each monitoring assembly includes an assembly base 3, with multiple mounting slots 4 evenly distributed on the side walls. Each mounting slot 4 houses an embedded sensor module 5. The NTC temperature sensor utilizes the properties of thermistor materials to accurately monitor ambient temperature changes. The capacitive humidity sensor uses the change in capacitance after the moisture-sensitive material absorbs water vapor to monitor the construction environment humidity in real time. These sensors work independently and collaboratively to provide data support for construction safety and quality.

[0093] Inside the assembly base 3, a guide screw 6 mounted via a bearing is connected to the drive motor 22. When the drive motor 22 is activated, its torque is transmitted to the guide screw 6, driving the guide screw 6 to rotate. The guide nut block 7, due to its precise thread fit, produces a continuously controllable horizontal displacement as the screw rotates, adjusting the monitoring range and achieving precise monitoring. The angle encoder integrated within the guide nut block 7 monitors the movement distance and rotation angle in real time, accurately measuring the deformation of the main beam. The readable scale line 24 facilitates the calibration and verification of the position of the assembly base 3, ensuring system stability.

[0094] The fixed base 9 is fixed to the guide nut block 7 and is equipped with a storage structure on the outside to provide continuous power for the monitoring assembly. The acquisition module 10 includes sensors such as a monitoring camera 101, a laser rangefinder 102, and an infrared thermal imager 103. It rotates and fits on the fixed base 9 to capture the construction status of the cable-stayed bridge main beam 1 in real time and transmit it to the digital twin platform via the CAT bus. Through the precise control of the servo motor 23, the acquisition module 10 can rotate to cover a wider area, achieving accurate monitoring at different angles and positions.

[0095] In addition, the mounting bracket 11 provides a stable mounting platform for the photovoltaic panel 12. The photovoltaic panel 12 efficiently absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy, which is stored in the battery pack 13 to power the monitoring assembly. The bidirectional DC-DC converter 14 intelligently adjusts the output power to ensure stable operation of the system. The multi-spectral LED warning light 15 works in conjunction with the alarm 16 to prevent potential safety risks through visual and auditory dual warnings, thereby improving the level of safety management at the construction site.

[0096] It should be noted that for the aforementioned embodiments, for simplicity of description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations. However, those skilled in the art should be aware that the present invention is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the present invention, certain steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in this specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present invention.

[0097] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, such as the division of the above-mentioned units. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units can be in the form of telecommunications or other forms.

[0098] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0099] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field can still combine, add, delete or make other adjustments to the features in the various embodiments of the present invention according to the circumstances without conflict, without making creative work, so as to obtain different other technical solutions that do not deviate from the concept of the present invention in essence, and these technical solutions also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable-stayed bridge main beam construction monitoring device, characterized in that: include: Cable-stayed bridge main girder and digital twin platform, which generates BIM dynamic models based on multi-source data; Multiple fiber grating sensors and MEMS vibration sensors are evenly distributed on the surface of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge; The monitoring assembly is located on both sides of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge. Data synchronization between the monitoring assembly and the digital twin platform is achieved through the CAT bus; The monitoring assembly includes: The assembly base is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge, and its side walls are evenly distributed with multiple installation slots along its length, and each installation slot is equipped with an embedded sensor module; A guide screw is installed in the assembly seat through a bearing. The thread on the guide screw is matched with a guide nut block that slides with the assembly seat. The guide nut block is integrated with an angle encoder. A fixed base is provided on the guide nut block; An electricity storage structure is provided on the outside of the fixed base; A collection module is rotatably mounted on the fixed base. The collection module includes a monitoring camera, a laser rangefinder and an infrared thermal imager.

2. A cable-stayed bridge main beam construction monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power storage structure includes: A mounting bracket provided on a side wall of the fixed base; A photovoltaic panel is provided on the mounting bracket; A battery pack and a bidirectional DC-DC converter electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel are arranged on the bottom side of the mounting bracket.

3. A cable-stayed bridge main beam construction monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A multi-spectrum LED warning light and siren are installed on the fixed base.

4. A cable-stayed bridge main beam construction monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A group of supporting legs are symmetrically arranged on the bottom side of the assembly seat. The supporting legs include a moving rod and a fixed rod. Multiple threaded holes are opened on the moving rod and the fixed rod. The two corresponding threaded holes are threaded with the same fastening bolt. The moving rod is sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod and connected to the bottom side of the assembly seat. A fixed foot pad is provided at the bottom end of the fixed rod away from the moving rod.

5. The cable-stayed bridge main beam construction monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing module includes an NTC temperature sensor and a capacitive humidity sensor.

6. A cable-stayed bridge main beam construction monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A driving motor is provided on the end side of the assembly seat, and the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the end of the guide screw through an elastic coupling.

7. A cable-stayed bridge main beam construction monitoring device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A servo motor is provided at the bottom of the fixed base, and the output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the end of the acquisition module through an elastic coupling.

8. The cable-stayed bridge main beam construction monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The assembly seat is provided with readable scale lines along its length extension direction.

9. A method for monitoring the construction of a cable-stayed bridge main beam, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Sensor deployment and data collection: Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors and MEMS vibration sensors are placed on the main beams of the cable-stayed bridge. The high-precision characteristics of FBG sensors are used to monitor the strain state of the main beams in real time to ensure safe and stable construction. At the same time, MEMS vibration sensors are used to capture vibration information generated by external excitation on the main beams, including key parameters such as vibration frequency and amplitude. Step 2: Digital twin platform construction and data analysis: Based on multi-source data such as the cable-stayed bridge's main beam and monitoring assembly, a BIM dynamic model is generated and updated in real time. This model not only intuitively displays the construction status of the main beam but also predicts potential safety hazards through data analysis, providing a scientific basis for construction decision-making. Step 3: Adjustment and precise monitoring of the monitoring assembly: The monitoring assembly is installed on both sides of the main beam of the cable-stayed bridge to achieve full coverage of the main beam. The guide screw in the assembly seat is connected to the drive motor to adjust the monitoring range, achieve precise monitoring, and accurately measure the deformation of the main beam. At the same time, the acquisition module on the fixed base captures the construction status of the main beam in real time and transmits it to the digital twin platform via the CAT bus. Step 4: Energy Management and Safety Alerts: Provide continuous power for the monitoring assembly by efficiently absorbing solar energy through the photovoltaic panels installed on the bracket and converting it into electrical energy, which is stored in the battery pack; A bidirectional DC-DC converter is used to intelligently adjust the output power to ensure stable system operation. At the same time, a multi-spectral LED warning light works in conjunction with the alarm to prevent potential safety risks through visual and auditory dual warnings, thereby improving the level of safety management on the construction site.

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