Cable laying overvoltage alarm system

Abstract

The invention discloses a cable laying overvoltage alarm system, relates to the technical field of cable engineering, and aims to solve the problems of pressure monitoring and alarm during cable laying. The system is composed of a single-wheel laying monitoring unit, a wireless communication module, a control processing unit and an alarm execution module. The single-wheel laying monitoring unit comprises a pressure sensing module, a data acquisition module and an environment adaptation module, can accurately sense pressure in different directions and process data, and meanwhile guarantees stable work of electronic elements. And the wireless communication module realizes data real-time transmission and instruction issuing. And the control processing unit takes the PLC as a core, presets a pressure threshold value, processes data and sends out an instruction, and also has man-machine interaction and power management functions. The alarm execution module comprises a sound and light alarm unit. And when the pressure exceeds a threshold value, the system automatically triggers an alarm to remind an operator of timely processing, so that the damage risk caused by pressure overload during cable laying is effectively reduced, and the laying quality and safety are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable engineering, in particular to a cable laying overvoltage alarm system. Background Art

[0002] In traditional cable laying operations, operators often struggle to accurately assess the pressure on the cables due to a lack of effective real-time monitoring methods. For one thing, cable laying environments are complex and diverse, potentially involving varying terrain, spatial constraints, and a variety of laying equipment. These factors can result in unpredictable pressure fluctuations on the cables. For example, when laying cables in narrow pipes or trenches, the friction and compression between the cables and the surrounding environment can exceed their tolerance limits, leading to serious problems such as insulation damage and internal conductor deformation. Furthermore, manual monitoring methods have significant limitations. Real-time, continuous pressure monitoring is difficult, and the accuracy and timeliness of monitoring results cannot be effectively guaranteed. Operators struggle to detect excessive pressure quickly with experience or simple tools, making it difficult to take timely corrective measures, increasing the risk of cable damage during the laying process.

[0003] If cables are damaged by excessive pressure during installation, a series of serious consequences can occur. For power cables, insulation damage can lead to safety hazards such as leakage and short circuits, disrupting the normal power supply of the power system and even causing major accidents such as fires, posing a significant threat to people's lives and property. For communications cables, pressure damage can cause signal transmission interruptions, data loss, or decreased communication quality, impacting the stability and reliability of communication networks and causing significant economic losses to businesses and users. Furthermore, overvoltage during cable installation can cause construction delays, increase repair and replacement costs, and further increase the overall cost of the project. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a cable laying overvoltage alarm system, which solves the problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a cable laying overpressure alarm system, including a single-round laying monitoring unit, a wireless communication module, a control processing unit and an alarm execution module. The single-round laying monitoring unit is used to monitor the cable laying pressure, communicate with the control processing unit through the wireless communication module, and the control processing unit controls the alarm execution module to alarm according to the pressure data.

[0006] Furthermore, the single-round laying monitoring unit includes a pressure sensing module, a data acquisition module and an environmental adaptation module. The pressure sensing module senses the cable laying pressure, the data acquisition module collects pressure data, and the environmental adaptation module ensures the working stability of electronic components.

[0007] Furthermore, the pressure sensing module includes a cable laying wheel, an X-axis pressure sensor and a Y-axis pressure sensor. The cable laying wheel contacts the cable, and the X-axis pressure sensor and the Y-axis pressure sensor sense pressure in different directions.

[0008] Furthermore, the data acquisition module amplifies, filters, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog signals output by the X-axis pressure sensor and the Y-axis pressure sensor to generate digital pressure data.

[0009] Furthermore, the environmental adaptation module includes a temperature sensor and a cooling fan. The temperature sensor monitors the internal environmental temperature of the control compartment, and the cooling fan dissipates heat for electronic components inside the control compartment.

[0010] Furthermore, the control processing unit includes a central control module, a human-computer interaction module and a power management module. The central control module is configured as a PLC controller for processing pressure data, executing threshold judgment and issuing control instructions. The touch screen included in the human-computer interaction module supports threshold setting, data display, system reset, and zero calibration operations. The status indicator light uses color to distinguish between normal and abnormal system states. The power management module integrates a switching power supply and a charging interface to provide stable power for each module of the system and supports battery charging function.

[0011] Furthermore, the PLC controller presets a pressure threshold range, and when the received pressure data exceeds the range, the alarm execution module is automatically triggered.

[0012] Furthermore, the wireless communication module includes a controlled-end communication module and a controlling-end communication module. The controlled-end communication module is connected to the single-round laying monitoring unit, and the controlling-end communication module is connected to the control processing unit to realize wireless data transmission. The wireless communication module adopts 4G or 5G communication protocol to support real-time data transmission and instruction issuance.

[0013] Furthermore, the alarm execution module includes a sound alarm unit and a light alarm unit. The sound alarm unit emits a sound alarm, and the light alarm unit emits a light alarm.

[0014] Furthermore, the sound alarm unit is a buzzer, and the light alarm unit is a status light, which flashes red when the pressure is abnormal.

[0015] The present invention provides a cable laying overvoltage alarm system. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages: It can significantly improve the safety and reliability of cable laying operations. During the cable laying process, the system uses a single-wheel laying monitoring unit to accurately sense pressure in different directions in real time. After data acquisition and processing, the data is quickly transmitted to the control processing unit with the help of a wireless communication module. Once the pressure exceeds the preset threshold, the control processing unit immediately triggers the alarm execution module to alert the operator with a dual alarm of sound and light. This enables the operator to detect pressure anomalies at the first time and quickly take measures such as adjusting the laying speed and changing the laying method to avoid damage to the cable insulation layer, deformation of the conductor, etc. due to continuous excessive pressure. It effectively reduces the probability of cable damage during the laying process, reduces power outages, communication interruptions and other accidents caused by cable failures, ensures the stable operation of power, communication and other systems, and has outstanding practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of a single-wheel laying monitoring unit in the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of the pressure sensing module in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of the environment adaptation module in the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of the control processing unit in the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of the wireless communication module in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural block diagram of the alarm execution unit in the present invention; Figure 8 This is a logic block diagram of the principle of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Single-wheel laying monitoring unit; 11. Pressure sensing module; 111. Cable laying wheel; 112. X-axis pressure sensor; 113. Y-axis pressure sensor; 12. Data acquisition module; 13. Environmental adaptation module; 131. Temperature sensor; 132. Cooling fan; 2. Control processing unit; 21. Central control module; 22. Human-computer interaction interface; 23. Power management module; 3. Wireless communication module; 31. Controlled end communication module; 32. Control end communication module; 4. Alarm execution unit; 41. Sound alarm unit; 42. Light alarm unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a cable laying overpressure alarm system, which mainly consists of a single-round laying monitoring unit 1, a wireless communication module 3, a control processing unit 2 and an alarm execution module 4. These units work together to achieve real-time pressure monitoring and overpressure alarm during the cable laying process. The details are as follows: The single-wheel laying monitoring unit 1 is the pressure data acquisition front end of the system, which includes a pressure sensing module 11, a data acquisition module 12 and an environment adaptation module 13; The pressure sensing module 11 is composed of a cable laying wheel 111, an X-axis pressure sensor 112, and a Y-axis pressure sensor 113. The cable laying wheel 111 is made of high-strength, wear-resistant alloy steel, such as 42CrMo, with a tensile strength of ≥1080MPa and a hardness of 28-32HRC, to ensure that it can withstand greater pressure and is not easily worn during the cable laying process. The wheel axle and the laying wheel adopt an interference fit with a tolerance of H7 / r6 to ensure the stability of the connection. The surface of the cable laying wheel 111 is smooth and in close contact with the cable, ensuring that pressure can be accurately transmitted during the cable laying process. The X-axis pressure sensor 112 and the Y-axis pressure sensor 113 are respectively installed at specific positions of the cable laying wheel 111 to sense pressure in different directions. For example, the X-axis pressure sensor 112 can sense the pressure of the cable in the horizontal direction, and the Y-axis pressure sensor 113 can sense the pressure of the cable in the vertical direction. Both sensors use high-precision strain gauge pressure sensors, such as the HBMC16i, with an accuracy of ±0.05% FS. The measuring range is 0-10kN, which is selected based on the actual needs of cable laying. During cable laying, the cable contacts the laying wheel, generating lateral pressure. This pressure is transmitted through the laying wheel to the axle, causing a slight deformation of the elastic body of the strain gauge pressure sensor mounted on the axle. According to Hooke's law, the deformation of the elastic body is proportional to the pressure applied, and the resistance of the strain gauge inside the sensor changes accordingly. This resistance change is converted into a voltage signal output through a Wheatstone bridge circuit, achieving the conversion of pressure signals into electrical signals. The data acquisition module 12 is connected to the X-axis pressure sensor 112 and the Y-axis pressure sensor 113. When the sensor senses pressure and outputs an analog signal, the data acquisition module 12 first amplifies the analog signal to enhance signal strength and improve the signal's anti-interference ability. Next, a filtering circuit removes noise and interference signals from the signal to ensure that the collected signal is accurate and reliable. Finally, the filtered analog signal is converted to digital to generate digital pressure data. The data acquisition module 12 has a sampling frequency of up to 1000 Hz, which can quickly and accurately collect pressure data. The data acquisition module 12 uses an operational amplifier to amplify the weak analog signal output by the pressure sensor. The high-precision operational amplifier OP-177 is selected, with a gain-bandwidth product of 8MHz and an offset voltage of only 1μV, which can amplify the signal to a suitable voltage range, such as 0-5V. The filtering circuit uses a second-order active low-pass filter with a cutoff frequency set to 100Hz to filter out high-frequency noise interference and improve signal purity. The analog-to-digital conversion uses the 16-bit high-precision ADC chip AD7689, with a sampling rate of up to 200kSPS, which can accurately convert the amplified and filtered analog signal into digital pressure data. The environmental adaptation module 13 includes a temperature sensor 131 and a cooling fan 132. The temperature sensor 131 is installed inside the control compartment and is used to monitor the internal ambient temperature of the control compartment in real time. When the temperature sensor 131 detects that the temperature exceeds a set threshold, such as 50°C, the cooling fan 132 will automatically start to dissipate heat from the electronic components inside the control compartment, ensuring that the electronic components operate in an appropriate temperature environment and improving the stability and reliability of the system. The cooling fan 132 adopts a low-noise, high-air-volume design, and its speed can be automatically adjusted according to the temperature; The DS18B20 digital temperature sensor, temperature sensor 131, has a measurement range of -55°C to 125°C and an accuracy of ±0.5°C. It is installed in the control chamber near the electronic components to ensure accurate temperature monitoring. The cooling fan is the Delta AFB0612HH, with an air volume of 20.1 CFM, an air pressure of 1.15 in-H2O, and an operating voltage of 12V. The fan is controlled by a relay circuit. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature in the control chamber exceeds 45°C, the microcontroller issues a command to close the relay and the fan starts to dissipate heat. When the temperature drops below 40°C, the relay opens and the fan stops. The wireless communication module 3 includes a controlled-end communication module 31 and a control-end communication module 32. The controlled-end communication module 31 is connected to the single-round laying monitoring unit 1, and the control-end communication module 32 is connected to the control processing unit 2. The wireless communication module 3 adopts a 4G or 5G communication protocol, has high-speed and stable data transmission capabilities, and can realize real-time data transmission and instruction issuance. For example, the pressure data collected by the single-round laying monitoring unit 1 is sent to the wireless communication module 3 through the controlled-end communication module 31, and then transmitted to the control processing unit 2 by the control-end communication module 32; at the same time, the control instructions issued by the control processing unit 2 can also be transmitted back to the single-round laying monitoring unit 1 through the wireless communication module 3; The controlled-end communication module 31 uses an ESP8266 module, operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, supporting Wi-Fi 802.11b / g / n protocols, and achieving a maximum transmission rate of 72.2 Mbps. It is configured using AT commands, setting the operating mode to STA (Station) mode and connecting to the on-site wireless router or AP (Access Point). The module's TX pin is connected to the RX pin of the microcontroller in the data acquisition module of the single-round laying monitoring unit, and the RX pin is connected to the microcontroller's TX pin to achieve serial data communication. The control-end communication module 32 uses the same ESP8266 module as the controlled-end communication module 31, is also set to STA mode, and is connected to the same wireless router or access point as the controlled-end communication module. It is connected to the PLC controller of the control processing unit via an Ethernet interface to convert wireless signals to Ethernet signals so that the PLC controller can receive monitoring data. The control processing unit 2 is the core control part of the system, including a central control module 21, a human-computer interaction module 22 and a power management module 23. The central control module 21 is set as a PLC controller with powerful data processing and control capabilities. The PLC controller presets a pressure threshold range. When the received pressure data exceeds the range, the alarm execution module 4 is automatically triggered. For example, the preset pressure threshold range is 0-100N. When the received pressure data is greater than 100N, the PLC controller will judge it as overpressure and issue an alarm instruction. The human-computer interaction module 22 includes a touch screen and a status indicator light. The touch screen supports threshold setting, data display, system reset, zeroing and other operations. Users can conveniently set the pressure threshold, view real-time pressure data, and reset and zero the system through the touch screen. The status indicator light uses color to distinguish between normal and abnormal system states. For example, when the system is operating normally, the status indicator light displays green; when the system is abnormal or the pressure is overpressure, the status indicator light displays red; The PLC controller uses Siemens S7-1200PLC as the core processor of the central control module 21. Its CPU1214C has 14 digital inputs, 10 digital outputs, and integrates 2 high-speed counters to meet the system's data processing and control requirements. STEP7Basic programming software is used for programming. A data receiving program is written to receive pressure data transmitted by the single-round laying monitoring unit through the wireless communication module; a threshold judgment program is written to compare the received pressure data with the preset pressure threshold; a control instruction output program is written. When the pressure data exceeds the limit, a trigger instruction is sent to the alarm execution module. The PLC controller is connected to the control end communication module of the wireless communication module through the Ethernet interface, and the IP address is set to 192.168.1.100, the subnet mask is set to 255.255.255.0, and the TCP / IP protocol is used for data communication to ensure the stability and reliability of data transmission. The MT6071iE touch screen is selected, with a screen size of 7 inches and a resolution of 800×480. The interface is designed using EBPro software, and the real-time pressure value display area, threshold setting area, system status display area, etc. are set on the main interface. In the threshold setting area, the preset upper and lower pressure limits can be entered through the numeric keyboard; the real-time pressure value display area displays the current cable laying pressure in real time in the form of numbers and curves; the system status display area uses status indicators (green for normal, red for abnormal) to provide intuitive feedback on the system operation status. At the same time, system reset and zero calibration buttons are set. When the system reset button is clicked, the PLC controller executes the reset program to restore the system to its initial state; when the zero calibration button is clicked, the pressure sensor can be calibrated to zero point. The operating buttons include the power switch, buzzer switch, etc. Waterproof and dustproof buttons are used, installed on the panel of the control processing unit, and connected to the digital input and output ports of the PLC controller through wires to achieve manual control of the system. The power management module 23 integrates a switching power supply and a charging interface, providing stable power to all modules of the system while also supporting battery charging. The switching power supply can convert the input AC power into the DC power required by the system, ensuring the normal operation of all modules. The charging interface can be used to connect to an external power source to charge the system's built-in battery, improving the system's portability and battery life. The switching power supply uses an S-35-12 with an input voltage range of 85-264VAC, an output voltage of 12VDC, and a rated power of 35W. It converts input AC power into stable DC power to power all system modules. The battery charging interface uses a standard DC interface and supports connection to 12V lithium batteries (such as lithium iron phosphate batteries with a capacity of 2000mAh). The charging circuit uses a constant current and constant voltage charging method, and controls the charging of the lithium battery through a charging management chip (such as TP4056). When the battery voltage is lower than 10.8V, constant current charging is performed at a current of 0.5C (i.e., 1A). When the battery voltage reaches 12.6V, constant voltage charging is switched, and the charging current gradually decreases. When the charging current drops to 0.05C (i.e., 0.1A), the battery is considered fully charged and charging stops. The alarm execution module 4 includes an audible alarm unit 41 and a light alarm unit 42. The audible alarm unit 41 is a buzzer. When the control processing unit 2 issues an alarm command, the buzzer will emit a high-decibel sound alarm to alert the operator. The buzzer's sound frequency and volume can be adjusted according to actual needs. The light alarm unit 42 is a status light that flashes red when the pressure is abnormal. The flashing light further enhances the alarm effect, allowing the operator to promptly detect abnormal pressure conditions even in noisy environments. The buzzer uses an active one with an operating voltage of 12V, a sound frequency of 2000Hz, and a sound pressure level of ≥80dB. Connect the positive terminal of the buzzer to the digital output port of the PLC controller, and the negative terminal to ground. When the PLC controller outputs a high level, the buzzer is powered and emits an alarm. A high-brightness red LED is used as the status light, operating at a voltage of 12V and with a luminous intensity of ≥5000mcd. It is installed in a prominent position on the control processing unit panel for easy observation by staff. The LED's anode is connected to the PLC controller's digital output port via a current-limiting resistor, and the cathode is grounded. When the PLC controller outputs a high level, the LED lights up and flashes. The flashing frequency is set to 1Hz by the PLC program.

[0020] Working process: 1. The pressure sensing module 11 in the single-round laying monitoring unit 1 senses the cable laying pressure in real time, and the data acquisition module 12 collects and processes the pressure data; 2. The processed pressure data is transmitted to the control processing unit 2 via the wireless communication module 3; 3. The central control module 21 in the control processing unit 2 analyzes the received pressure data to determine whether it exceeds a preset pressure threshold range; 4. If the pressure data exceeds the threshold range, the central control module 21 automatically triggers the alarm execution module 4, the sound alarm unit 41 sounds an audible alarm, and the light alarm unit 42 sounds a light alarm; 5. The operator can view the pressure data and system status through the human-computer interaction module 22 and perform corresponding operations.

Claims

1. A cable laying overvoltage alarm system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a single-round laying monitoring unit (1), a wireless communication module (3), a control processing unit (2) and an alarm execution module (4). The single-round laying monitoring unit (1) is used to monitor the cable laying pressure and communicates with the control processing unit (2) via the wireless communication module (3). The control processing unit (2) controls the alarm execution module (4) to alarm according to the pressure data.

2. A cable laying overvoltage alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-wheel laying monitoring unit (1) comprises a pressure sensing module (11), a data acquisition module (12) and an environmental adaptation module (13), wherein the pressure sensing module (11) senses the cable laying pressure, the data acquisition module (12) collects pressure data, and the environmental adaptation module (13) ensures the working stability of electronic components.

3. A cable laying overvoltage alarm system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure sensing module (11) comprises a cable laying wheel (111), an X-axis pressure sensor (112) and a Y-axis pressure sensor (113). The cable laying wheel (111) contacts the cable, and the X-axis pressure sensor (112) and the Y-axis pressure sensor (113) sense pressure in different directions.

4. A cable laying overvoltage alarm system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The data acquisition module (12) amplifies, filters, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog signals output by the X-axis pressure sensor (112) and the Y-axis pressure sensor (113) to generate digital pressure data.

5. The cable laying overvoltage alarm system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The environmental adaptation module (13) includes a temperature sensor (131) and a cooling fan (132). The temperature sensor (131) monitors the internal environmental temperature of the control compartment, and the cooling fan (132) dissipates heat from electronic components inside the control compartment.

6. A cable laying overvoltage alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control processing unit (2) includes a central control module (21), a human-computer interaction module (22) and a power management module (23). The central control module (21) is configured as a PLC controller for processing pressure data, executing threshold judgment and issuing control instructions. The touch screen included in the human-computer interaction module (22) supports threshold setting, data display, system reset, and zero calibration operations. The status indicator light uses color to distinguish between normal and abnormal system states. The power management module (23) integrates a switching power supply and a charging interface to provide stable power for each module of the system and supports battery charging function.

7. A cable laying overvoltage alarm system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The PLC controller presets a pressure threshold range, and when the received pressure data exceeds the range, the alarm execution module (4) is automatically triggered.

8. The cable laying overvoltage alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless communication module (3) includes a controlled-end communication module (31) and a control-end communication module (32). The controlled-end communication module (31) is connected to the single-wheel laying monitoring unit (1), and the control-end communication module (32) is connected to the control processing unit (2) to realize wireless data transmission. The wireless communication module (3) adopts a 4G or 5G communication protocol to support real-time data transmission and instruction issuance.

9. The cable laying overvoltage alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm execution module (4) comprises a sound alarm unit (41) and a light alarm unit (42), wherein the sound alarm unit (41) emits a sound alarm and the light alarm unit (42) emits a light alarm.

10. A cable laying overvoltage alarm system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The sound alarm unit (41) is a buzzer, and the light alarm unit (42) is a status light, which flashes red when the pressure is abnormal.

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