A bottom sediment sampling device for hydraulic engineering and a method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of sediment sampling, and discloses a sediment sampling device and method for hydraulic engineering. The device includes a fixed frame with support rods fixedly passing through its four corners. A foot plate is installed at the top of each support rod. A rotating plate is mounted on the fixed frame via a lifting and rotating structure. Vertical plates are bolted to both sides of the rotating plate. Two connecting columns are mounted on the vertical plates via a leveling structure. Each of the two connecting columns is connected to a tilting column at one end. The lifting and rotating structure drives the sampling structure on the tilting column to be vertically inserted into the sediment. In conjunction with the leveling structure and a first driving structure, the tilting column can be leveled in the sediment. The lifting and rotating structure then drives the leveled tilting column and the sampling structure to rotate as a whole for sampling. This allows for multiple sampling operations at different locations within the same area of ​​the sediment, greatly improving sampling accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of sediment sampling, and in particular to a sediment sampling device and method for hydraulic engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Sediment sampling in water conservancy projects refers to the process of collecting sediment samples from the bottom of the water body in a water conservancy project. Sediment is the sediment at the bottom of a water body, mainly composed of clay, silt, organic matter, and various minerals, which are deposited through long-term physical, chemical, and biological processes. The purpose and significance of sediment sampling: The main purpose of sediment sampling is to study the accumulation, distribution, transformation, and migration patterns of pollutants discharged into the water body in the sediment. Through sampling and analysis, the content and properties of pollutants in the sediment can be understood, and their impact on the aquatic environment can be assessed. Sampling devices are used when sampling sediment.

[0003] In existing bottom mud sampling devices, when the sampling drill rod is driven by a rotating motor to drill and sample, the rotating motor generates vibration, causing the auxiliary rotating support rod to tilt left and right. The auxiliary rotating support rod will abut against the adjusting top block, and the sliding top block will slide backward on the auxiliary limit rod, so that the rear end of the sliding top block abuts against the rubber top block. This allows the adjusting top block to be abutted and buffered by the rubber top block, thus correcting the deviation of the sampling drill rod. The sampling drill rod can then sample normally. In this way, replacing manual labor with machinery can speed up work efficiency and increase the progress of the operation.

[0004] In actual sampling, the sample storage tank on the sampling drill rod samples the bottom mud. However, as the sampling drill rod is inserted into the bottom mud, the sample storage tank is prone to sampling surface soil, which is easily mixed with the sampled bottom mud. Furthermore, the sampling drill rod can only sample bottom mud from the same location within the bottom mud. Therefore, the sampling accuracy needs to be improved. Thus, there are areas for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides a sediment sampling device and method for water conservancy projects.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects includes a fixed frame, with support rods fixedly passing through the four corners of the fixed frame. A foot plate is installed at the top of the support rods. A rotating plate is provided on the fixed frame via a lifting and rotating structure. Vertical plates are fastened to both sides of the rotating plate with bolts. Two connecting columns are provided on the vertical plates via a rotating and leveling structure. Each of the two connecting columns is connected to a flipping column at a distance from each other. Sampling structures are provided at different positions on each flipping column. A first driving structure is provided inside the vertical plate. A U-shaped plate is provided on the connecting columns via a second driving structure. A crushing structure is provided on the U-shaped plate. An insert block, which is conical in shape, is installed at the end of the U-shaped plate away from the connecting columns.

[0008] The rotating structure includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on two vertical plates near the bottom end, a rotating rod fixedly sleeved in the middle of the rotating shaft, and the two ends of the rotating rod being connected to two connecting columns respectively;

[0009] The first driving structure includes a first inner groove formed in a vertical plate, a second cylinder installed on the upper wall of the first inner groove, the bottom end of the output shaft of the second cylinder connected to a first driving frame, the rotating shaft being inserted into the first inner groove and a second gear fixedly sleeved at one end, and the inner wall of the first driving frame being provided with teeth that mesh with the second gear.

[0010] Preferably, the crushing structure includes multiple first rotating rods rotatably mounted on a U-shaped plate, with a crushing block installed at one end of each first rotating rod, and a crushing blade provided on the crushing block. A third driving structure is provided inside the U-shaped plate.

[0011] Preferably, the third driving structure includes a second inner groove formed in the U-shaped plate, a third cylinder installed on the lower wall of the second inner groove, the top end of the output shaft of the third cylinder connected to a second driving frame, a third gear fixedly sleeved on one end of the first rotating rod inserted into the second inner groove, and teeth meshing with the third gear on the inner wall of the second driving frame.

[0012] Preferably, the second driving structure includes a sleeve plate fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft near one end, a rotating sleeve rotatably sleeved on the connecting column, a first gear installed at one end of the rotating sleeve, a cylinder barrel installed on the sleeve plate, an L-shaped strip connected to one end of the first cylinder output shaft inside the cylinder barrel, and the L-shaped strip having teeth that mesh with the first gear.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting and rotating structure includes a second rotating rod that rotates through the middle of the upper part of the fixed frame. A rotating wheel is installed at the top of the second rotating rod, and a first screw is installed at the bottom of the second rotating rod. A lifting frame is sleeved on the first screw. Guide grooves are opened in the middle of the left and right sides of the fixed frame. The lifting frame is slidably disposed in the guide grooves. A threaded groove for the first screw to pass through is opened in the middle of the upper part of the lifting frame. A first motor is installed in the middle of the lower part of the lifting frame, and the bottom end of the output shaft of the first motor is connected to the rotating plate.

[0014] Preferably, the sampling structure includes multiple grooves formed on the rotating column, and a sampling strip is provided in the groove through a rotating structure. One end of the sampling strip has a sampling groove. The sampling strip is an arc-shaped strip, and a slot is provided on the groove wall at one end of the groove for the sampling strip to be movably inserted.

[0015] Preferably, the rotating structure includes a third inner groove formed within the flipping column, with multiple third rotating rods arranged in the third inner groove. Each third rotating rod corresponds to the position of each sampling strip, and the multiple third rotating rods are rotatably connected to each other. One end of the two third rotating rods at both ends is rotatably connected to the end wall of the third inner groove. A fourth gear is fixedly sleeved in the middle of each third rotating rod, and a rotating handle is fixedly sleeved at the fourth gear position of each third rotating rod. A through groove is formed in the inner wall of the third inner groove near each third rotating rod, and the through groove connects to the groove. One end of the rotating handle extends out of the through groove and is connected to the inner wall of the sampling strip. A fixed tube is connected to the inner wall of the third inner groove near each third rotating rod, and a first insert rod is movably inserted into the fixed tube. One end of the first insert rod is connected to a driving block, and the driving block is provided with teeth that mesh with the fourth gear. A spring is sleeved on the first insert rod, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the fixed tube and the driving block. A pushing structure is provided in the third inner groove.

[0016] Preferably, the pushing structure includes a first insertion groove located above the side of the driving block away from the third rotating rod, a squeezing groove located in the middle of the side of the driving block, a second insertion groove located below the side of the driving block communicating with the bottom end of the squeezing groove, a second screw rotatably connected to the inner wall of one end of the third inner groove, a second motor mounted on the groove wall of the other end of the third inner groove, one end of the output shaft of the second motor connected to the second screw, a movable sleeve sleeved on the second screw, a threaded inner wall of the movable sleeve, a limiting rod movably passing through the upper edge of the movable sleeve, the two ends of the limiting rod being respectively connected to the two end groove walls of the third inner groove, and a second insertion rod connected to the side of the movable sleeve.

[0017] Secondly, this application provides a method for sampling bottom sediment for water conservancy projects, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0018] A method for sampling bottom sediment in water conservancy projects includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Insert the support rod on the mounting frame into the ground at the sampling location to provide stable support for the mounting frame;

[0020] Step 2: The rotating plate is lowered by the lifting and rotating structure, so that the two tilting columns are fully inserted into the bottom mud;

[0021] Step 3: Rotate the two U-shaped plates using the second drive structure, rotating one U-shaped plate to the front side of the corresponding flipping column and the other U-shaped plate to the rear side of the corresponding flipping column;

[0022] Step 4: The first drive in the vertical plate drives the two tilting columns to rotate to a horizontal state. During the rotation, the third drive structure in the U-shaped plate drives the crushing structure to rotate. During the tilting column's leveling process, foreign objects in the bottom mud are crushed, allowing the tilting column to level smoothly. After leveling, the second drive structure drives the U-shaped plate to reset.

[0023] Step 5: The rotating plate and the tipping column are driven to rotate in the bottom sediment by the lifting and rotating structure. During the rotation of the tipping column, the rotating structure can push the intermittent open sampling structure to sample different locations in the same area of ​​the bottom sediment.

[0024] Step Six: Finally, the sampling work is completed by extracting the inverted column from the bottom sediment.

[0025] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1. This invention, by setting up a lifting and rotating structure, a sampling structure, a leveling structure, and a first driving structure, and setting up two flipping columns, allows the sampling structure on the lifting and rotating structure and the flipping column to be vertically inserted into the bottom sediment. In conjunction with the leveling structure and the first driving structure, the flipping column can be leveled in the bottom sediment. Then, the lifting and rotating structure drives the leveled flipping column and the sampling structure to rotate as a whole to take samples. Thus, multiple sampling operations can be performed at different locations in the same area of ​​the bottom sediment, greatly improving the sampling accuracy.

[0027] 2. This invention, by setting up a sampling structure, a rotating structure, and a pushing structure, allows the entire rotating column and sampling structure to rotate after leveling. Through the pushing and rotating structures, the sampling strips on each rotating column are opened and closed intermittently, so that sampling can be carried out at different positions during the rotation of the rotating column. Furthermore, the sampling strips are in a closed state when the rotating column is inserted into the bottom sediment, and the sampling strips will close in time after sampling, further improving the sampling accuracy.

[0028] 3. The present invention sets up a U-shaped plate, a second driving structure, a third driving structure, and a crushing structure. The second driving structure can rotate the U-shaped plate and the crushing structure on the flipping column, and the third driving structure can drive the crushing structure to rotate. When the flipping column is leveled and when it rotates to take samples after leveling, the rotating crushing structure can crush foreign objects encountered during the rotation of the flipping column, making the rotation of the flipping column and the sampling structure smoother. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at point A;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vertical plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point B;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the U-shaped plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 Enlarged view of the structure at point C;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flipping column in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 Enlarged view of the structure at point D;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving block in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Fixed frame; 2. Support rod; 3. Foot plate; 4. Rotating plate; 5. Vertical plate; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Rotating horizontal rod; 8. Connecting column; 9. Tilting column; 10. U-shaped plate; 11. Insert block; 12. First rotating rod; 13. Crushing block; 14. Crushing blade; 15. Cylinder barrel; 16. L-shaped strip; 17. Sleeve plate; 18. First gear; 19. Rotating sleeve; 20. First inner groove; 21. Second cylinder; 22. First driving frame; 23. Second gear; 24. Second inner groove; 25. Third cylinder; 26. Second driving frame; 27. 28. Third gear; 29. ​​Second rotating rod; 30. Rotating wheel; 31. Guide groove; 32. Lifting frame; 33. First screw; 34. Groove; 35. Sampling strip; 36. Slot; 37. Third inner groove; 38. Third rotating rod; 39. Rotating handle; 40. Through groove; 41. Fourth gear; 42. Fixed tube; 43. First insertion rod; 44. Spring; 45. Driving block; 46. Second screw; 47. Limiting rod; 48. Moving sleeve; 49. Second insertion rod; 50. First insertion groove; 51. Extrusion groove; 52. Second insertion groove; 53. First motor. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-10 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0041] This invention discloses a sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects.

[0042] Reference Figures 1-10 A sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects includes a fixed frame 1, with support rods 2 fixedly passing through the four corners of the fixed frame 1. A foot plate 3 is installed at the top of the support rods 2. A rotating plate 4 is provided on the fixed frame 1 through a lifting and rotating structure. Vertical plates 5 are fastened to both sides of the rotating plate 4 by bolts. Two connecting columns 8 are provided on the vertical plate 5 through a rotating and leveling structure. A flipping column 9 is connected to one end of the two connecting columns 8 away from each other. Sampling structures are set at different positions on each flipping column 9. A first driving structure is set inside the vertical plate 5. A U-shaped plate 10 is set on the connecting column 8 through a second driving structure. A crushing structure is set on the U-shaped plate 10. An insert block 11 is installed at the end of the U-shaped plate 10 away from the connecting column 8. The insert block 11 is conical.

[0043] The rotating structure includes a rotating shaft 6 rotatably mounted on two vertical plates 5 near the bottom, a rotating rod 7 fixedly sleeved in the middle of the rotating shaft 6, and two ends of the rotating rod 7 connected to two connecting columns 8 respectively.

[0044] The first driving structure includes a first inner groove 20 opened in the vertical plate 5, a second cylinder 21 installed on the upper groove wall of the first inner groove 20, the bottom end of the output shaft of the second cylinder 21 connected to the first driving frame 22, the rotating shaft 6 is rotated into the first inner groove 20 and a second gear 23 is fixedly sleeved at one end, and the inner wall of the first driving frame 22 is provided with teeth that mesh with the second gear 23.

[0045] The lifting and rotating structure includes a second rotating rod 28 that rotates through the middle of the upper part of the fixed frame 1. A rotating wheel 29 is installed at the top of the second rotating rod 28, and a first screw 32 is installed at the bottom of the second rotating rod 28. A lifting frame 31 is sleeved on the first screw 32. Guide grooves 30 are opened in the middle of the left and right sides of the fixed frame 1. The lifting frame 31 is slidably set in the guide grooves 30. A threaded groove for the first screw 32 to pass through is opened in the middle of the upper part of the lifting frame 31. A first motor 52 is installed in the middle of the lower part of the lifting frame 31. The bottom end of the output shaft of the first motor 52 is connected to the rotating plate 4. During sampling, the second rotating rod 28 and the first screw 32 are rotated as a whole by the rotating wheel 29. The lifting frame 31 moves downward on the rotating first screw 32, driving the tilting column 9 and the sampling structure as a whole to insert into the bottom mud. Then, the second cylinder 21 is started to drive the first driving frame 22 to move upward in the first inner groove 20. The second gear 23 drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, so that the tilting column 9 is in a horizontal state for sampling.

[0046] See Figures 4-7 The crushing structure includes multiple first rotating rods 12 rotatably mounted on a U-shaped plate 10, with a crushing block 13 installed at one end of each first rotating rod 12, and a crushing blade 14 provided on the crushing block 13. A third driving structure is provided inside the U-shaped plate 10.

[0047] The third driving structure includes a second inner groove 24 opened in the U-shaped plate 10, a third cylinder 25 installed on the lower groove wall of the second inner groove 24, the top of the output shaft of the third cylinder 25 connected to the second driving frame 26, a third gear 27 fixedly sleeved on one end of the first rotating rod 12 inserted into the second inner groove 24, and teeth that mesh with the third gear 27 on the inner wall of the second driving frame 26.

[0048] The second driving structure includes a sleeve plate 17 fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 6 near one end, a rotating sleeve 19 rotatably sleeved on the connecting column 8, a first gear 18 installed at one end of the rotating sleeve 19, a cylinder barrel 15 installed on the sleeve plate 17, and an L-shaped bar 16 connected to one end of the output shaft of the first cylinder inside the cylinder barrel 15. The L-shaped bar 16 is provided with teeth that mesh with the first gear 18. Before the tilting column 9 rotates, the first cylinder inside the cylinder barrel 15 on the sleeve plate 17 is activated to drive the L-shaped bar 16 to move. The first gear 18 drives the rotating sleeve 19 and the U-shaped plate 10 to rotate as a whole on the connecting column 8. Then, during the rotation of the tilting column 9, the third cylinder 25 is activated to drive the second driving frame 26 to move back and forth in the second inner groove 24. The third gear 27 drives multiple sets of first rotating rods 12, crushing blocks 13 and crushing blades 14 to rotate back and forth as a whole. The rotating crushing blades 14 are used to crush foreign objects encountered during the rotation of the tilting column 9, making the rotation of the tilting column 9 smoother.

[0049] See Figures 8-10 The sampling structure includes multiple grooves 33 opened on the flip column 9. A sampling strip 34 is set in the groove 33 through a rotating structure. A sampling groove is opened at one end of the sampling strip 34. The sampling strip 34 is an arc-shaped strip. A slot 35 is opened on the groove wall at one end of the groove 33 for the sampling strip 34 to be movably inserted into.

[0050] The rotating structure includes a third inner groove 36 formed within the tilting column 9. Multiple third rotating rods 37 are arranged within the third inner groove 36, each corresponding to the position of each sampling strip 34. The multiple third rotating rods 37 are rotatably connected to each other. One end of the two third rotating rods 37 at each end is rotatably connected to the end wall of the third inner groove 36. A fourth gear 40 is fixedly fitted at the middle of each third rotating rod 37, and a rotating handle 38 is fixedly fitted at the fourth gear 40 on each third rotating rod 37. The inner wall of the third inner groove 36 is close to each third rotating rod 37. Each part is provided with a through groove 39, which connects to the groove 33. One end of the rotating handle 38 extends out of the through groove 39 and is connected to the inner wall of the sampling strip 34. A fixed tube 41 is connected to the inner wall of the third inner groove 36 near each third rotating rod 37. A first insert rod 42 is movably inserted into the fixed tube 41. One end of the first insert rod 42 is connected to the driving block 44. The driving block 44 is provided with teeth that mesh with the fourth gear 40. A spring 43 is sleeved on the first insert rod 42. The two ends of the spring 43 are respectively connected to the fixed tube 41 and the driving block 44. A pushing structure is provided in the third inner groove 36.

[0051] The pushing structure includes a first insertion groove 49 located above the side of the driving block 44 away from the third rotating rod 37; a pressing groove 50 located in the middle of one side of the driving block 44; a second insertion groove 51 located below one side of the driving block 44, communicating with the bottom end of the pressing groove 50; a second screw 45 rotatably connected to the inner wall of one end of the third inner groove 36; a second motor mounted on the groove wall of the other end of the third inner groove 36; one end of the output shaft of the second motor connected to the second screw 45; a movable sleeve 47 fitted onto the second screw 45; threads on the inner wall of the movable sleeve 47; and a movable sleeve 47 with a movable edge at its upper edge. The movable sleeve 47 passes through the limiting rod 46, with both ends of the limiting rod 46 connected to the two end walls of the third inner groove 36. The side of the movable sleeve 47 is connected to the second insert rod 48. After the flipping column 9 is leveled, the first cylinder is started to drive the U-shaped plate 10 to reset on the connecting column 8. Then, the first motor 52 is started to drive the rotating plate 4 and the leveled flipping column 9 to rotate as a whole. During the rotation of the flipping column 9, the second motor in the third inner groove 36 is started to drive the second screw 45 to rotate. Under the limiting action of the limiting rod 46, the movable sleeve 47 moves on the rotating second screw 45. When the movable sleeve 47 moves... 7. When the second insertion rod 48 is moved to the driving block 44, as the moving sleeve 47 continues to move, the moving sleeve 47 drives the second insertion rod 48 to slide in the first insertion groove 49, the extrusion groove 50, and the second insertion groove 51 of the corresponding driving block 44. The extrusion groove 50 is pressed by the second insertion rod 48, which pushes the driving block 44 to pull the first insertion rod 42 to move in the fixed tube 41, compressing the spring 43. During the movement, the driving block 44 drives the corresponding third rotating rod 37 to rotate through the fourth gear 40, and drives the corresponding sampling strip 34 through the rotating handle 38. When the corresponding groove 33 is rotated open, and the moving sleeve 47 drives the second insertion rod 48 to disengage from the corresponding driving block 44, the spring force of the spring 43 is used to reset the driving block 44 and the sampling strip 34. In this way, by opening and closing the sampling strip 34, the bottom mud at the corresponding position can be sampled into the sampling groove of the sampling strip 34. Finally, as the moving sleeve 47 continues to move, the remaining sampling strips 34 can continue to open and close. Thus, during the rotation of the flipping column 9, each sampling strip 34 can sample bottom mud samples at different positions, improving the sampling quality.

[0052] This invention also discloses a method for sampling bottom sediment for hydraulic engineering projects, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Insert the support rod 2 on the fixing frame 1 into the ground at the sampling location to provide stable support for the fixing frame 1;

[0054] Step 2: The rotating plate 4 is moved down by the lifting and rotating structure, so that the two tilting columns 9 are fully inserted into the bottom mud;

[0055] Step 3: Rotate the two U-shaped plates 10 through the second driving structure, rotating one U-shaped plate 10 to the front side of the corresponding flip column 9 and the other U-shaped plate 10 to the rear side of the corresponding flip column 9.

[0056] Step 4: The first drive in the vertical plate 5 drives the two tilting columns 9 to rotate to a horizontal state. During the rotation, the third drive structure in the U-shaped plate 10 drives the crushing structure to rotate. During the flattening process of the tilting columns 9, foreign objects in the bottom mud are crushed, so that the tilting columns 9 can be smoothly flattened. After flattening, the second drive structure drives the U-shaped plate 10 to reset.

[0057] Step 5: The rotating plate 4 and the tilting column 9 are driven to rotate in the bottom sediment by the lifting and rotating structure. During the rotation of the tilting column 9, the rotating structure can push the intermittent open sampling structure to sample different locations in the same area of ​​the bottom sediment.

[0058] Step 6: Finally, extract the rotating column 9 from the bottom sediment to complete the sampling work.

[0059] The implementation principle of the bottom sediment sampling device and method for water conservancy projects according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: First, the support rod 2 is inserted into the ground to support the fixed frame 1. Then, the second rotating rod 28 and the first screw 32 are rotated as a whole by the rotating wheel 29. The lifting frame 31 moves downward on the rotating first screw 32, driving the tilting column 9 and the sampling structure to be inserted into the bottom sediment. Then, the second cylinder 21 is started to drive the first driving frame 22 to move upward in the first inner groove 20. The second gear 23 drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, thereby rotating the tilting column 9 to a horizontal state. Before the tilting column 9 rotates, the first cylinder in the cylinder barrel 15 on the sleeve plate 17 is started to drive the L-shaped bar 16 to move. The first gear 18 drives the rotating sleeve 19 and U-shaped plate 10 to rotate as a whole on the connecting column 8. Then, during the rotation of the tilting column 9, the third cylinder 25 is activated to drive the second drive frame 26 to move back and forth in the second inner groove 24. The third gear 27 drives multiple sets of first rotating rods 12, crushing blocks 13 and crushing blades 14 to rotate back and forth as a whole. The rotating crushing blades 14 are used to crush foreign objects encountered by the tilting column 9 during rotation, making the tilting column 9 rotate more smoothly. After the tilting column 9 is leveled, the first cylinder is activated again to drive the U-shaped plate 10 to reset on the connecting column 8. Then, the first motor 52 is activated to drive the rotating plate 4 and the leveled tilting column 9 to rotate as a whole. During the rotation of the flip column 9, the second motor in the third inner groove 36 is activated, driving the second screw 45 to rotate. Under the limiting action of the limiting rod 46, the moving sleeve 47 moves on the rotating second screw 45. When the moving sleeve 47 drives the second insertion rod 48 to the driving block 44, as the moving sleeve 47 continues to move, it drives the second insertion rod 48 to slide in the first insertion groove 49, the extrusion groove 50, and the second insertion groove 51 corresponding to the driving block 44. The extrusion of the second insertion rod 48 against the groove wall of the extrusion groove 50 pushes the driving block 44 to pull the first insertion rod 42 to move within the fixed tube 41, compressing the spring 43. During the movement of the driving block 44... The fourth gear 40 drives the corresponding third rotating rod 37 to rotate, and the rotating handle 38 drives the corresponding sampling strip 34 to rotate and open in the corresponding groove 33. Then, when the moving sleeve 47 drives the second insert rod 48 to disengage from the corresponding driving block 44, the elastic force of the spring 43 is used to reset the driving block 44 and the sampling strip 34. In this way, by opening and closing the sampling strip 34, the bottom mud at the corresponding position can be sampled into the sampling groove of the sampling strip 34. Finally, as the moving sleeve 47 continues to move, the remaining sampling strips 34 can continue to open and close. Thus, during the rotation of the flipping column 9, each sampling strip 34 can sample bottom mud samples at different positions, improving the sampling quality.

[0060] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects, comprising a fixing frame (1), characterized in that: Support rods (2) are fixedly passed through the four corners of the fixed frame (1). A foot plate (3) is installed at the top of the support rod (2). A rotating plate (4) is provided on the fixed frame (1) through a lifting and rotating structure. A vertical plate (5) is fastened to both sides of the rotating plate (4) by bolts. Two connecting columns (8) are provided on the vertical plate (5) through a rotating and flattening structure. A flipping column (9) is connected to one end of each connecting column (8) away from each other. A sampling structure is provided at different positions on each flipping column (9). A first driving structure is provided inside the vertical plate (5). A U-shaped plate (10) is provided on the connecting column (8) through a second driving structure. A breaking structure is provided on the U-shaped plate (10). An insert (11) is installed on the end of the U-shaped plate (10) away from the connecting column (8). The insert (11) is conical. The rotating structure includes a rotating shaft (6) rotatably mounted on two vertical plates (5) near the bottom. A rotating rod (7) is fixedly sleeved on the middle of the rotating shaft (6). The two ends of the rotating rod (7) are respectively connected to two connecting columns (8). The first driving structure includes a first inner groove (20) opened in the vertical plate (5), a second cylinder (21) is installed on the upper groove wall of the first inner groove (20), the bottom end of the output shaft of the second cylinder (21) is connected to the first driving frame (22), the rotating shaft (6) is inserted into the first inner groove (20) and a second gear (23) is fixedly sleeved at one end, and the inner wall of the first driving frame (22) is provided with teeth that mesh with the second gear (23); The crushing structure includes multiple first rotating rods (12) rotatably mounted on a U-shaped plate (10), with a crushing block (13) installed at one end of each first rotating rod (12), and a crushing blade (14) provided on the crushing block (13). A third driving structure is provided inside the U-shaped plate (10). The third driving structure includes a second inner groove (24) opened in the U-shaped plate (10), a third cylinder (25) installed on the lower groove wall of the second inner groove (24), the top end of the output shaft of the third cylinder (25) is connected to the second driving frame (26), the first rotating rod (12) is inserted into the second inner groove (24) and a third gear (27) is fixedly sleeved on one end, and the inner wall of the second driving frame (26) is provided with teeth that mesh with the third gear (27); The second driving structure includes a sleeve plate (17) fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (6) near one end, a rotating sleeve (19) rotatably sleeved on the connecting column (8), a first gear (18) installed at one end of the rotating sleeve (19), a cylinder barrel (15) installed on the sleeve plate (17), an L-shaped strip (16) connected to one end of the first cylinder output shaft inside the cylinder barrel (15), and the L-shaped strip (16) having teeth that mesh with the first gear (18).

2. The sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and rotating structure includes a second rotating rod (28) that rotates through the middle of the upper part of the fixed frame (1). A rotating wheel (29) is installed at the top of the second rotating rod (28). A first screw (32) is installed at the bottom of the second rotating rod (28). A lifting frame (31) is sleeved on the first screw (32). A guide groove (30) is opened in the middle of the left and right sides of the fixed frame (1). The lifting frame (31) is slidably arranged in the guide groove (30). A threaded groove for the first screw (32) to pass through is opened in the middle of the upper part of the lifting frame (31). A first motor (52) is installed in the middle of the lower part of the lifting frame (31). The bottom end of the output shaft of the first motor (52) is connected to the rotating plate (4).

3. The sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling structure includes multiple grooves (33) formed on the flip column (9). A sampling strip (34) is provided in the groove (33) through a rotating structure. A sampling groove is formed at one end of the sampling strip (34). The sampling strip (34) is an arc-shaped strip. A slot (35) is formed on the groove wall at one end of the groove (33) for the sampling strip (34) to be movably inserted.

4. A sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating structure includes a third inner groove (36) formed within the flipping column (9). Multiple third rotating rods (37) are arranged within the third inner groove (36), each corresponding to the position of each sampling strip (34). The multiple third rotating rods (37) are rotatably connected to each other. One end of the two third rotating rods (37) at each end is rotatably connected to the end wall of the third inner groove (36). A fourth gear (40) is fixedly fitted in the middle of each third rotating rod (37), and a rotating handle (38) is fixedly fitted at the fourth gear (40) of each third rotating rod (37). A passage is opened on the inner wall of the third inner groove (36) near each third rotating rod (37). The groove (39) is connected to the groove (33). The rotating handle (38) extends out of the groove (39) and is connected to the inner wall of the sampling strip (34). The inner wall of the third inner groove (36) is connected to a fixed tube (41) near each third rotating rod (37). The first insert rod (42) is movably inserted into the fixed tube (41). One end of the first insert rod (42) is connected to the driving block (44). The driving block (44) is provided with teeth that mesh with the fourth gear (40). A spring (43) is sleeved on the first insert rod (42). The two ends of the spring (43) are respectively connected to the fixed tube (41) and the driving block (44). The third inner groove (36) is provided with a pushing structure.

5. A sediment sampling device for water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pushing structure includes a first insertion groove (49) located above the side of the driving block (44) away from the third rotating rod (37), a squeezing groove (50) located in the middle of one side of the driving block (44), a second insertion groove (51) connected to the bottom end of the squeezing groove (50) located below one side of the driving block (44), a second screw (45) rotatably connected to the inner wall of one end of the third inner groove (36), a second motor installed on the groove wall of the other end of the third inner groove (36), one end of the output shaft of the second motor connected to the second screw (45), a movable sleeve (47) sleeved on the second screw (45), a threaded inner wall of the movable sleeve (47), a limiting rod (46) movingly passing through the upper edge of the movable sleeve (47), the two ends of the limiting rod (46) respectively connected to the two end groove walls of the third inner groove (36), and a second insert rod (48) connected to the side of the movable sleeve (47).

6. A method for sampling bottom sediment in water conservancy projects, characterized in that: This sediment sampling method uses a sediment sampling device for hydraulic engineering as described in any one of claims 1-5, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Insert the support rod (2) on the fixed frame (1) into the ground at the sampling location to provide stable support for the fixed frame (1); Step 2: The rotating plate (4) is moved down by the lifting and rotating structure, and the two flipping columns (9) are fully inserted into the bottom mud; Step 3: Rotate the two U-shaped plates (10) through the second driving structure, rotate one U-shaped plate (10) to the front side of the corresponding flip column (9), and rotate the other U-shaped plate (10) to the rear side of the corresponding flip column (9); Step 4: The first drive in the vertical plate (5) drives the two flipping columns (9) to rotate to a horizontal state. During the rotation, the third drive structure in the U-shaped plate (10) drives the crushing structure to rotate. During the flattening process of the flipping column (9), the foreign objects in the bottom mud are crushed, so that the flipping column (9) can be flattened smoothly. After flattening, the second drive structure drives the U-shaped plate (10) to reset. Step 5: The rotating plate (4) and the flipping column (9) are driven to rotate in the bottom mud by the lifting and rotating structure. During the rotation of the flipping column (9), the rotating structure can push the intermittent open sampling structure to sample different locations in the same area of ​​the bottom mud. Step 6; Finally, the sampling work is completed by extracting the rotating column (9) from the bottom mud.

Images