Underground mining mine rock mass fracture monitoring device

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground mining mine rock mass crack monitoring device, and relates to the technical field of mine crack monitoring, the underground mining mine rock mass crack monitoring device comprises an equipment main body, a case is fixedly connected below the equipment main body, a seismic wave manufacturing mechanism is arranged outside the case, and the seismic wave manufacturing mechanism comprises a driving motor arranged outside the case; a gear is fixedly connected to the side, away from the gear transmission belt, of the connecting rod, a rack plate is connected to the side of the gear in an engaged mode, a rotating disc is fixedly connected to the side of the gear, and a first connecting rod is rotationally connected to the side of the rotating disc. By adjusting the rotating speed of the driving motor and the knocking frequency of the hammer body, elastic waves matched with the scale of a target fracture can be specifically excited, background noise interference is avoided, high-energy controllable seismic waves are generated, seismic waves with specific frequency and strength can be actively excited, complex rock stratum structures can be penetrated, tiny fractures can be effectively covered, and mine fractures can be effectively monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine fissure monitoring, and in particular to a device for monitoring rock mass fissures in underground mining. Background Art

[0002] In underground mining, rock fractures are a key factor affecting mine safety and resource extraction efficiency. Formed by crustal movement and tectonic stress, they are the most common and widespread type of fracture in rock masses. The width, extension, density, and conductivity of tectonic fractures are significantly influenced by rock properties (such as lithology, individual layer thickness, and adjacent rock composition). They often serve as primary pathways for groundwater seepage, posing a serious threat to mine water inrush and water inrush. Rocks are weathered by temperature fluctuations, water, air, and biological processes. They often develop further on top of diagenetic and tectonic fractures, forming a dense, uniform, non-directional, and well-connected fracture network. Weathering fractures are ubiquitous on various rock surfaces, but they are short-lived and shallow, typically forming weathering zones 10 to 50 meters thick.

[0003] In the existing technology, the rock fracture monitoring device for underground mining relies on weak signals generated by natural stress release or environmental vibration. Such signals have low intensity and wide frequency distribution, and are easily drowned out by background noise (such as mechanical vibration and blasting aftershocks), resulting in insufficient ability to capture the initiation or early expansion of tiny cracks. Therefore, a rock fracture monitoring device for underground mining is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem existing in the prior art that the rock crack monitoring device for underground mining relies on weak signals generated by natural stress release or environmental vibration. Such signals have low intensity and wide frequency distribution and are easily drowned out by background noise (such as mechanical vibration and blasting aftermath), resulting in insufficient ability to capture the initiation or early expansion of tiny cracks. A rock crack monitoring device for underground mining is proposed to solve the problem existing in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A device for monitoring rock fractures in an underground mining mine comprises a device body, a chassis fixedly connected to the bottom of the device body, a shock wave generating mechanism provided on the outside of the chassis, the shock wave generating mechanism comprising a drive motor provided on the outside of the chassis, a gear transmission belt provided on the output end of the drive motor, a connecting rod rotatably connected to the side of the gear transmission belt, a gear fixedly connected to the side of the connecting rod away from the gear transmission belt, a rack plate meshingly connected to the side of the gear, a turntable fixedly connected to the side of the gear, a first connecting rod rotatably connected to the side of the turntable, a second connecting rod rotatably connected below the first connecting rod, a movable plate slidably connected below the second connecting rod, a hammer fixedly connected to the side of the second connecting rod away from the first connecting rod, the drive motor drives the connecting rod to move through the gear transmission belt, the connecting rod drives the gear to rotate during movement through the meshing relationship between the gear and the rack plate, the gear drives the first connecting rod to rotate around the turntable, the first connecting rod drives the second connecting rod to slide up and down inside the movable plate, and the second connecting rod drives the hammer to reciprocately strike the underground rock mass to generate shock waves.

[0006] The rack plate has opposing rack parts on the upper and lower sides, and the gear is meshed between the two sets of rack parts.

[0007] The above technical solution further includes: The driving motor is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the chassis, the gear transmission belt is rotationally connected to the chassis, and the rack plate is fixedly connected to the device body.

[0008] The side of the movable plate is slidably connected to a slot plate, and the movable plate slides inside the slot plate so that the hammer can produce shock waves at different positions. A fixed plate is fixedly connected above the slot plate, and the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the device body.

[0009] An electronic component integration box is fixedly connected above the equipment main body.

[0010] An ultrasonic instrument is provided on the side of the electronic component integration box. The ultrasonic instrument is fixedly connected to the equipment body. An ultrasonic output tube is provided above the ultrasonic instrument.

[0011] A first hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to a side of the electronic component integration box close to the equipment body. A single plate is provided at the output end of the first hydraulic rod, and a spring is fixedly connected above the single plate.

[0012] The side of the spring away from the single board is fixedly connected to a support plate, a telescopic rod is fixedly connected below the support plate, and the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the single board.

[0013] A second hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the lower side of the equipment body, and a fixed suction cup plate is provided at the output end of the second hydraulic rod.

[0014] A support is fixedly connected to the side of the equipment body away from the second hydraulic rod, and a guide wheel is provided on the side of the support away from the equipment body.

[0015] An information recording display screen is provided above the electronic component integrated box.

[0016] Among them, the information recording display screen, as the core terminal of human-computer interaction, undertakes key functions such as data visualization, decision support and safety warning. Its role is not only reflected in real-time information presentation, but also in improving the timeliness and accuracy of mine disaster prevention and control through intelligent analysis technology.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 10. In the present invention, the reciprocating striking of the hammer is achieved by driving the gear belt, gears and connecting rod mechanism through the driving motor. By adjusting the speed of the driving motor and the striking frequency of the hammer, elastic waves that match the target crack scale can be specifically excited to avoid background noise interference and generate high-energy controllable shock waves. Compared with traditional passive monitoring that relies on natural stress release signals, it can actively excite shock waves of specific frequency and intensity, penetrate complex rock structures, effectively cover tiny cracks, and effectively monitor mine cracks.

[0018] 11. In the present invention, the first hydraulic rod drives the single plate to move, so that the spring and support plate assembly are embedded in the crack. The dynamic opening degree of the crack is monitored in real time through the compression of the spring. Combined with the limiting effect of the telescopic rod, data reliability is ensured. Cracks of different depths can be supported on both sides to prevent further expansion of the cracks and cause safety accidents such as collapse.

[0019] 12. In the present invention, the ultrasonic instrument transmits high-frequency sound waves through the ultrasonic output tube, uses dual receiving transducers to receive reflected signals, and realizes millimeter-level two-dimensional imaging of crack depth, direction and opening based on the time difference method and amplitude attenuation analysis, and cooperates with the seismic wave generating mechanism to realize real-time and efficient crack monitoring function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a rock mass crack monitoring device for underground mining proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure at center A; Figure 5 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point D in the middle.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Equipment body; 2. Chassis; 3. Drive motor; 4. Gear belt; 5. Connecting rod; 6. Gear; 7. Turntable; 8. Rack plate; 9. First connecting rod; 10. Second connecting rod; 11. Moving plate; 12. Hammer; 13. Slot plate; 14. Fixed plate; 15. Electronic component integration box; 16. Ultrasonic instrument; 17. Ultrasonic output tube; 18. First hydraulic rod; 19. Single plate; 20. Spring; 21. Telescopic rod; 22. Support plate; 23. Second hydraulic rod; 24. Fixed suction cup plate; 25. Pillar; 26. Guide wheel; 27. Information recording display screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the present invention is a device for monitoring cracks in rock masses in underground mining, comprising a device body 1, a chassis 2 fixedly connected to the bottom of the device body 1, a shock wave generating mechanism provided on the outside of the chassis 2, the shock wave generating mechanism comprising a driving motor 3 provided on the outside of the chassis 2, a gear transmission belt 4 provided on the output end of the driving motor 3, a connecting rod 5 rotatably connected to the side of the gear transmission belt 4, a gear 6 fixedly connected to the side of the connecting rod 5 away from the gear transmission belt 4, a rack plate 8 meshingly connected to the side of the gear 6, a turntable 7 fixedly connected to the side of the gear 6, a first connecting rod 9 rotatably connected to the side of the turntable 7, and a first connecting rod 9 rotating below the first connecting rod 9. It is connected to a second connecting rod 10, and a movable plate 11 is slidably connected to the bottom of the second connecting rod 10. A hammer body 12 is fixedly connected to the side of the second connecting rod 10 away from the first connecting rod 9. The driving motor 3 drives the connecting rod 5 to move through the gear transmission belt 4. The connecting rod 5 drives the gear 6 to rotate during the movement through the meshing relationship between the gear 6 and the rack plate 8. The gear 6 drives the first connecting rod 9 to rotate around the turntable 7. The first connecting rod 9 drives the second connecting rod 10 to slide up and down inside the movable plate 11. The second connecting rod 10 drives the hammer body 12 to strike the rock mass downhole back and forth to generate shock waves.

[0024] The driving motor 3 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the chassis 2 , the gear transmission belt 4 is rotationally connected to the chassis 2 , and the rack plate 8 is fixedly connected to the device body 1 .

[0025] The movable plate 11 is slidably connected to the side of the slot plate 13. The movable plate 11 slides inside the slot plate 13 and enables the hammer body 12 to produce shock waves at different positions. A fixed plate 14 is fixedly connected above the slot plate 13. The fixed plate 14 is fixedly connected to the device body 1.

[0026] When the gear 6 is in motion, the gear 6 is rotated and the gear 6 is in motion, and the gear 6 is in motion and the gear 6 is in motion. The first link 9 can drive the second link 10 rotatably connected to the other side thereof to move, and since the second link 10 is restricted by the sliding connection with the movable plate 11, the second link 10 will slide up and down inside the movable plate 11. When the first link 9 rotates to the upper vertex position of the turntable 7, the first link 9 will drive the second link 10 to rise by the maximum distance. When the first link 9 moves to the lower vertex position of the turntable 7, the first link 9 will drive the second link 10 to descend by the maximum distance. The first connecting rod 9 will drive the movable plate 11 to move with the movement of the turntable 7. The slot plate 13 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the equipment body 1 through the fixed plate 14. The movable plate 11 will slide inside the slot plate 13. At this time, the second connecting rod 10 will drive the hammer 12 to rise and fall back and forth at different positions, thereby striking the ground above the mine back and forth at different positions and generating shock waves, optimizing the signal penetration according to specific rock properties such as joint density and rock hardness, and better constructing and monitoring the characteristics of the cracks.

[0027] In one embodiment, for the above-mentioned device body 1 , an electronic component integration box 15 is fixedly connected above the device body 1 .

[0028] In this embodiment, the electronic component integration box 15 is the "nerve center" and "energy hub" of the monitoring system, and is responsible for core functions such as data acquisition, signal processing, communication transmission, power management, and environmental adaptation.

[0029] In one embodiment, for the electronic component integrated box 15 , an ultrasonic instrument 16 is provided on the side of the electronic component integrated box 15 , the ultrasonic instrument 16 is fixedly connected to the device body 1 , and an ultrasonic output tube 17 is provided above the ultrasonic instrument 16 .

[0030] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic instrument 16 utilizes the characteristics that the propagation speed of sound waves in the rock mass is related to the rock mass structure and stress state, and transmits high-frequency sound waves with a frequency of usually 36kHz or higher through the ultrasonic output tube 17 and receives the reflected signal, which can accurately measure the position, direction and opening of the internal cracks in the rock mass. Its "one transmit, two receive" probe design, the combination of the transmitting transducer and the dual receiving transducers, can achieve two-dimensional imaging of the depth and angle of the cracks, with a resolution of up to millimeter level.

[0031] In one embodiment, for the above-mentioned electronic component integrated box 15, a first hydraulic rod 18 is fixedly connected to the side of the electronic component integrated box 15 close to the equipment body 1, and a single plate 19 is provided at the output end of the first hydraulic rod 18, and a spring 20 is fixedly connected above the single plate 19.

[0032] A support plate 22 is fixedly connected to the side of the spring 20 away from the single plate 19 , and a telescopic rod 21 is fixedly connected below the support plate 22 . The telescopic rod 21 is fixedly connected to the single plate 19 .

[0033] In this embodiment, the first hydraulic rod 18 controls its output end to extend and retract, thereby driving the single plate 19 to move. A plurality of groups of springs 20 are linearly arranged above the single plate 19. The single plate 19 moves and drives the plurality of groups of springs 20 into the crack. At this time, the support plate 22 fixedly connected to the top of the plurality of groups of springs 20 is compressed, thereby driving the spring 20 to compress and generate elastic potential energy. The telescopic rod 21 fixedly connected below the support plate 22 also contracts accordingly, and plays a limiting role in the compression and extension of the spring 20, and uses the elastic potential energy of the compression of the plurality of groups of springs 20 to support the crack.

[0034] In one embodiment, for the above-mentioned device body 1 , a second hydraulic rod 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the device body 1 , and a fixed suction cup plate 24 is provided at the output end of the second hydraulic rod 23 .

[0035] In this embodiment, a group of second hydraulic rods 23 are symmetrically fixedly connected on both sides of the equipment body 1. The second hydraulic rods 23 are extended and retracted by controlling their own structures. When the device needs to monitor a certain position, the second hydraulic rods 23 control their output ends to drive the fixed suction cup plate 24 to descend, so that the fixed suction cup plate 24 is precisely fitted with the mine ground, fixing the device to prevent the device from moving and affecting the monitoring results.

[0036] In one embodiment, for the above-mentioned equipment body 1 , a support column 25 is fixedly connected to the side of the equipment body 1 away from the second hydraulic rod 23 , and a guide wheel 26 is provided on the side of the support column 25 away from the equipment body 1 .

[0037] In this embodiment, multiple groups of pillars 25 are fixedly connected below the device body 1, and a group of guide wheels 26 are fixedly connected to the other side of each group of pillars 25, so that the device can be moved through the multiple groups of guide wheels 26, making it convenient for the device to perform mobile monitoring of a certain area.

[0038] In one embodiment, for the electronic component integrated box 15 , an information recording display screen 27 is provided above the electronic component integrated box 15 .

[0039] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring cracks in underground mining rock mass, comprising a device body (1), characterized in that: The device body (1) is fixedly connected to a chassis (2) at the bottom, and a shock wave generating mechanism is arranged outside the chassis (2). The shock wave generating mechanism includes a driving motor (3) arranged outside the chassis (2), and an output end of the driving motor (3) is provided with a gear transmission belt (4). The side of the gear transmission belt (4) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (5), and the side of the connecting rod (5) away from the gear transmission belt (4) is fixedly connected to a gear (6), and the side of the gear (6) is meshed with a rack plate (8), and the side of the gear (6) is fixedly connected to a turntable (7), and the side of the turntable (7) is rotatably connected to a first connecting rod (9), and the lower part of the first connecting rod (9) is rotatably connected to a second connecting rod (10), and the second connecting rod (10) is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod (9). A movable plate (11) is slidably connected below the second connecting rod (10), and a hammer (12) is fixedly connected to the side of the second connecting rod (10) away from the first connecting rod (9). The driving motor (3) drives the connecting rod (5) to move through the gear transmission belt (4), and the connecting rod (5) drives the gear (6) to rotate during the movement through the meshing relationship between the gear (6) and the rack plate (8). The gear (6) drives the first connecting rod (9) to rotate around the rotating disk (7). The first connecting rod (9) drives the second connecting rod (10) to slide up and down inside the movable plate (11), and the second connecting rod (10) drives the hammer (12) to strike the underground rock mass back and forth to generate shock waves.

2. The underground mining rock mass crack monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving motor (3) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the chassis (2), the gear transmission belt (4) is rotationally connected to the chassis (2), and the rack plate (8) is fixedly connected to the device body (1).

3. The underground mining rock mass crack monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The movable plate (11) is slidably connected to a slot plate (13) on its side. The movable plate (11) slides inside the slot plate (13) and enables the hammer (12) to produce shock waves at different positions. A fixed plate (14) is fixedly connected above the slot plate (13). The fixed plate (14) is fixedly connected to the device body (1).

4. The underground mining rock mass crack monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An electronic component integration box (15) is fixedly connected above the device body (1).

5. The underground mining rock mass crack monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An ultrasonic instrument (16) is provided on the side of the electronic component integrated box (15), the ultrasonic instrument (16) is fixedly connected to the equipment body (1), and an ultrasonic output tube (17) is provided above the ultrasonic instrument (16).

6. The underground mining rock mass crack monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A first hydraulic rod (18) is fixedly connected to a side of the electronic component integrated box (15) close to the device body (1); a single plate (19) is provided at the output end of the first hydraulic rod (18); and a spring (20) is fixedly connected above the single plate (19).

7. The underground mining rock mass crack monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A support plate (22) is fixedly connected to the side of the spring (20) away from the single plate (19), a telescopic rod (21) is fixedly connected below the support plate (22), and the telescopic rod (21) is fixedly connected to the single plate (19).

8. The underground mining rock mass crack monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A second hydraulic rod (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the equipment body (1), and a fixed suction cup plate (24) is provided at the output end of the second hydraulic rod (23).

9. The underground mining rock mass crack monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support column (25) is fixedly connected to the side of the equipment body (1) away from the second hydraulic rod (23), and a guide wheel (26) is provided on the side of the support column (25) away from the equipment body (1).

10. The underground mining rock mass crack monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An information recording display screen (27) is provided above the electronic component integrated box (15).

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