Transformer effect data acquisition system and method for simulating extreme earth magnetic induction phenomenon
By designing a transformer effect data acquisition system, the extreme geomagnetic induction phenomenon is simulated, and the simulation problem of extreme geomagnetic induction current in the late environment of high-altitude electromagnetic pulses is solved, key effect data is obtained, and electromagnetic safety assessment and defense system construction are supported.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510595880.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
AI Technical Summary
The existing technology lacks the simulation technology of extreme geomagnetic induced current in the late environment of high-altitude electromagnetic pulses, resulting in a lack of relevant effect data and it is difficult to conduct system-level electromagnetic safety assessment and defense system construction.
A transformer effect data acquisition system is designed to simulate extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena, including a first transformer, a second transformer, an extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device, a voltage regulator and a data acquisition device. The simulated current is output through the supercapacitor module, a high-power adjustable resistance adjusts the current amplitude, an adjustable capacitor adjusts the pulse front, and collects transformer temperature, current waveform and voltage waveform data.
The simulation of the process of extreme geomagnetic induced current injection into the transformer in the late environment of high-altitude electromagnetic pulses was achieved, and a large amount of effect data was obtained to support the system-level electromagnetic safety assessment and defense system construction.
Smart Images
Figure CN120490637A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of high voltage and insulation technology, and in particular to a transformer effect data acquisition system and method for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena. Background Art
[0002] In the late stages of a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HAEP), transient geoelectric fields are induced over hundreds to thousands of kilometers, creating potential differences between regions. This, coupled with transmission lines, generates geomagnetic currents. These currents can severely saturate the core of power transformers, significantly affecting their harmonic current content, reactive power loss, and temperature rise, damaging them and causing widespread power outages. While my country has conducted research on the hazards and mitigation of DC bias in key equipment and systems, such as transformers, within the context of UHVDC transmission projects and geomagnetic storm prevention, and the research methods and some of the findings are valuable, the extreme geomagnetic current injection levels experienced in the late stages of a HAEP are significantly different, and relevant effect data are still lacking. This is detrimental to system-level electromagnetic safety assessments and defense system development, and further research is urgently needed.
[0003] In summary, since the current injection levels simulated by traditional UHVDC transmission projects and geomagnetic storm prevention and control related technologies are far lower than the injection levels of extreme geomagnetic induced currents in the late stage of high-altitude electromagnetic pulses, they are not suitable for simulating extreme geomagnetic induced currents in the late stage of high-altitude electromagnetic pulses. Therefore, there is currently a lack of simulation technology for extreme geomagnetic induced currents in the late stage of high-altitude electromagnetic pulses, making it difficult to obtain relevant effect data for use in research on electromagnetic safety assessment and defense system construction. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The present invention provides a transformer effect data acquisition system and method for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena, so as to solve the problem of lack of relevant effect data caused by the lack of extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation technology in the late stage of high-altitude electromagnetic pulse environment in the existing technology.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena, comprising: a first transformer, a second transformer, an extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device, a voltage regulator, and a data acquisition device;
[0006] The low-voltage side of the first transformer and the low-voltage side of the second transformer are connected in parallel to the output side of the voltage regulator; the high-voltage side of the first transformer and the high-voltage side of the second transformer are connected in series in reverse order; the extreme geomagnetic induction current injection device is connected to the series circuit of the high-voltage side of the first transformer and the high-voltage side of the second transformer; and the input side of the voltage regulator is connected to the power distribution network;
[0007] The voltage regulator is used to adjust the operating voltage output by the distribution network to the first transformer and the second transformer, so as to ensure normal operation of the first transformer and the second transformer;
[0008] The extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device includes: a supercapacitor module, a high-power adjustable resistor, and an adjustable capacitor; the supercapacitor module is connected in series with the high-power adjustable resistor; the supercapacitor module is connected in parallel with the adjustable capacitor; the supercapacitor module is used to store electricity and output a simulated current of extreme geomagnetic induction to the series circuit; the high-power adjustable resistor is used to adjust the amplitude of the simulated current to simulate the amplitude of the extreme geomagnetic induction current; the adjustable capacitor is used to protect the supercapacitor and adjust the pulse leading edge of the simulated current to simulate the pulse leading edge of the extreme geomagnetic induction current;
[0009] The data acquisition device is used to collect transformer temperature data, transformer current waveform data and transformer voltage waveform data as effect data of the transformer under the action of extreme geomagnetic induction current.
[0010] As a preferred solution, the transformer effect data acquisition system further includes: a reactive compensation capacitor bank;
[0011] The reactive power compensation capacitor group is connected to the power distribution network and is connected in parallel with the voltage regulator.
[0012] As a preferred solution, the transformer effect data acquisition system further includes: a charger;
[0013] The charger is used to charge the supercapacitor module.
[0014] As a preferred solution, the supercapacitor module is composed of several supercapacitor modules connected in series; each supercapacitor module is composed of several supercapacitors.
[0015] As a preferred solution, the number of supercapacitor modules is 29 groups;
[0016] The number of supercapacitors in each supercapacitor module is 40; the supercapacitors are connected in a 2-in-parallel and 20-in-series manner;
[0017] The rated voltage of the supercapacitor is 3.0V and the capacitance value is 3200F;
[0018] The resistance value adjustment range of the high-power adjustable resistor is 0-10Ω;
[0019] The adjustable capacitor is composed of a plurality of 480 μF thin film capacitor monomers.
[0020] As a preferred solution, the first transformer and the second transformer have the same voltage specification, the same rated frequency and the same capacity; and the first transformer and the second transformer have different column structures.
[0021] As a preferred solution, the voltage specifications of the first transformer and the second transformer are both 220V / 1000V; the rated frequencies of the first transformer and the second transformer are both 50Hz; the capacities of the first transformer and the second transformer are both 30kVA;
[0022] The column structure of the first transformer is a single-phase three-column structure; the column structure of the second transformer is a single-phase four-column structure.
[0023] As a preferred solution, the first transformer and the second transformer are oil-immersed transformers;
[0024] The data acquisition device includes: four voltage probes, two first current probes, one second current probe and sixteen temperature sensors;
[0025] The voltage probes are respectively installed on the high voltage side of the first transformer, the low voltage side of the first transformer, the high voltage side of the second transformer and the low voltage side of the second transformer;
[0026] The first current probes are respectively installed on the line between the low-voltage side of the first transformer and the voltage regulator, and on the line between the second transformer and the voltage regulator;
[0027] The second current probe is installed on the output terminal of the extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device;
[0028] The temperature sensors are respectively installed on the surface of the high-voltage coil of the first transformer, the top surface of the main column pull plate of the first transformer, the top surface of the side column pull plate of the first transformer, the surface of the clamp of the first transformer, the surface of the iron core of the first transformer, the inner surface of the oil tank of the first transformer, the bottom oil position in the oil tank of the first transformer, the top oil position of the first transformer, the surface of the high-voltage coil of the second transformer, the top surface of the main column pull plate of the second transformer, the top surface of the side column pull plate of the second transformer, the surface of the clamp of the second transformer, the surface of the iron core of the second transformer, the inner surface of the oil tank of the second transformer, the bottom oil position in the oil tank of the second transformer and the top oil position of the second transformer.
[0029] As a preferred solution, the voltage probe is a differential probe with a bandwidth of 100 MHz and a delay time of 11 ns;
[0030] The first current probe has a bandwidth of 20 kHz, a reading error of ±0.3% rdg, a full-scale error of ±0.02% %fs, and a phase error of ±0.1 deg;
[0031] The second current probe has a bandwidth of 100 kHz, a reading error of ±0.3% rdg, a full-scale error of ±0.02% %fs, and a phase error of ±0.1 deg.
[0032] Based on the above embodiment, another embodiment of the present invention provides a transformer effect data acquisition method for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena. The transformer effect data acquisition method is applicable to the transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena as described in the above embodiment.
[0033] The transformer effect data collection method comprises:
[0034] Obtaining a specified current value for the extreme geomagnetic induction current to be simulated, a specified leading edge time of the extreme geomagnetic induction current to be simulated, a specified cutoff frequency of the extreme geomagnetic induction current to be simulated, and a capacitance voltage value of the supercapacitor module;
[0035] Calculating a target resistance value according to the specified current value and the capacitor voltage value;
[0036] adjusting the high-power adjustable resistor according to the target resistance value;
[0037] Calculating a target capacitance value according to the specified cutoff frequency and the target resistance value;
[0038] adjusting the adjustable capacitance according to the target capacitance value and the specified leading edge time;
[0039] Controlling the supercapacitor module to discharge;
[0040] The data acquisition device acquires transformer temperature data, transformer current waveform data, and transformer voltage waveform data as effect data of the transformer under the action of extreme geomagnetic induction current.
[0041] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
[0042] The transformer effect data acquisition system provided by the present invention uses a voltage regulator to adjust the operating voltage of a first transformer and a second transformer; an extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device outputs an extreme geomagnetic induction simulated current to the series circuit through a supercapacitor module; a high-power adjustable resistor adjusts the amplitude of the simulated current; an adjustable capacitor is used to protect the supercapacitor and adjust the pulse leading edge of the simulated current to simulate the process of injecting the extreme geomagnetic induction current into the transformer; and a data acquisition device collects transformer temperature data, transformer current waveform data, and transformer voltage waveform data as transformer effect data under the action of the extreme geomagnetic induction current. The present invention simulates the process of injecting extreme geomagnetic induction current into the transformer in the late stage of a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse environment, thereby obtaining a large amount of effect data for use in research on electromagnetic security assessment and defense system construction, which is of great significance for system-level electromagnetic security assessment and defense system construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0043] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
[0044] Figure 2 1 is a flow chart of a method for collecting transformer effect data for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
[0045] The accompanying drawings in the specification are numerals as follows:
[0046] A first transformer 1 , a second transformer 2 , an extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device 3 , a supercapacitor module 31 , a high-power adjustable resistor 32 , an adjustable capacitor 33 , and a voltage regulator 4 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clear, the technical solutions in this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the term "include" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
[0049] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.
[0050] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
[0051] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the technical terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal connection between two elements or the interaction between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0052] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0053] Example 1
[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 , which is a structural diagram of a transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena provided by one embodiment of the present invention, comprising: a first transformer 1, a second transformer 2, an extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device 3, a voltage regulator 4, and a data acquisition device;
[0055] The low-voltage side of the first transformer 1 and the low-voltage side of the second transformer 2 are connected to the output side of the voltage regulator 4; the high-voltage side of the first transformer 1 and the high-voltage side of the second transformer 2 are connected in series in reverse order; the extreme geomagnetic induction current injection device is connected to the series circuit of the high-voltage side of the first transformer 1 and the high-voltage side of the second transformer 2; the input side of the voltage regulator 4 is connected to the power distribution network;
[0056] The voltage regulator 4 is used to adjust the operating voltage output by the distribution network to the first transformer 1 and the second transformer 2, so as to ensure the normal operation of the first transformer 1 and the second transformer 2;
[0057] The extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device 3 includes: a supercapacitor module 31, a high-power adjustable resistor 32 and an adjustable capacitor 33; the supercapacitor module 31 and the high-power adjustable resistor 32 are connected in series; the supercapacitor module 31 and the adjustable capacitor 33 are connected in parallel; the supercapacitor module 31 is used to store electricity and output the simulated current of extreme geomagnetic induction to the series circuit; the high-power adjustable resistor 32 is used to adjust the amplitude of the simulated current to simulate the amplitude of the extreme geomagnetic induction current; the adjustable capacitor 33 is used to adjust the pulse leading edge of the simulated current to simulate the pulse leading edge of the extreme geomagnetic induction current;
[0058] The data acquisition device is used to collect transformer temperature data, transformer current waveform data and transformer voltage waveform data as effect data of the transformer under the action of extreme geomagnetic induction current.
[0059] In this embodiment, the high-voltage sides of the two transformers are connected in reverse series, an extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device 3 is connected in the series circuit, an adjustable capacitor 33 is connected in parallel at both ends of the extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device 3, and the low-voltage sides of the transformers are connected in parallel to the same voltage regulator 4, which is directly connected to the distribution network.
[0060] In one embodiment, the data acquisition device is further used to:
[0061] Performing fast Fourier decomposition on the transformer current waveform data to obtain a first amplitude and a first phase of the transformer current waveform data;
[0062] Performing fast Fourier decomposition on the transformer voltage waveform data to obtain a second amplitude and a second phase of the transformer voltage waveform data;
[0063] The harmonic distortion characteristics, active power variation characteristics, and reactive power variation characteristics of the first transformer 1 and the second transformer 2 are analyzed according to the first amplitude, the first phase, the second amplitude, and the second phase.
[0064] In one embodiment, the data acquisition device is further used to:
[0065] By comparing the transformer temperature data with the temperature rise limits of various transformer structures specified in IEEE / IEC standards, it is determined that the temperature rise under the action of extreme geomagnetic induced current may cause damage or even destruction to the insulation structure and life of the transformer.
[0066] It should be noted that the supercapacitor module 31 achieves high voltage and high current output by connecting multiple modules in series and parallel; the pulse current waveform is adjusted by the adjustable capacitor 33, and the high-frequency component in the discharge circuit is filtered out to protect the extreme geomagnetic induction current injection equipment.
[0067] The data acquisition device has the ability to collect pulse voltage and current signals and DC components; the data acquisition device records the transformer temperature response during the pulse current waveform injection process once every second.
[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the transformer effect data acquisition system further comprises: a reactive compensation capacitor bank;
[0069] The reactive power compensation capacitor group is connected to the power distribution network and is connected in parallel with the voltage regulator 4 .
[0070] In this embodiment, the voltage regulator 4 is connected to the power distribution network via a parallel reactive compensation capacitor bank to compensate for a surge in transformer reactive power in the event of extreme geomagnetic induction current injection.
[0071] In one embodiment, the voltage regulator 4 can be adjusted from 0V to 250V.
[0072] In a preferred embodiment, the transformer effect data acquisition system further includes: a charger;
[0073] The charger is used to charge the supercapacitor module 31 .
[0074] In one embodiment, the charger is powered by 380V three-phase alternating current.
[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the supercapacitor module 31 is composed of several supercapacitor modules connected in series; each of the supercapacitor modules is composed of several supercapacitors.
[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the number of supercapacitor modules is 29;
[0077] The number of supercapacitors in each supercapacitor module is 40; the supercapacitors are connected in a 2-in-parallel and 20-in-series manner;
[0078] The rated voltage of the supercapacitor is 3.0V and the capacitance value is 3200F;
[0079] The resistance value of the high-power adjustable resistor 32 is adjustable in the range of 0-10Ω;
[0080] The adjustable capacitor 33 is composed of a plurality of 480 μF thin film capacitor monomers.
[0081] In this embodiment, the supercapacitor module is composed of 40 3.0V / 3200F supercapacitors, connected in 2 parallel and 20 series, as the energy storage component of this system; the number of supercapacitor modules is 29 groups, which are connected in series using tinned copper to form the supercapacitor module 31. The high-power adjustable resistor 320-10Ω is adjustable and uses a fan for heat dissipation. The adjustable capacitor 33 uses a single 480μF thin film capacitor in series and parallel to achieve capacitance adjustment. By charging the supercapacitor module 31 and discharging it in series with a high-power resistor, a high current amplitude discharge with a millisecond pulse current rising edge of tens to hundreds of seconds can be achieved. By connecting multiple modules in series and parallel, a high voltage and high current output of 1500V and 300A can be achieved.
[0082] In a preferred embodiment, the first transformer 1 and the second transformer 2 have the same voltage specification, the same rated frequency and the same capacity; and the first transformer 1 and the second transformer 2 have different column structures.
[0083] In a preferred embodiment, the voltage specifications of the first transformer 1 and the second transformer 2 are both 220V / 1000V; the rated frequencies of the first transformer 1 and the second transformer 2 are both 50Hz; the capacities of the first transformer 1 and the second transformer 2 are both 30kVA;
[0084] The column structure of the first transformer 1 is a single-phase three-column structure; the column structure of the second transformer 2 is a single-phase four-column structure.
[0085] In this embodiment, two scaled-down transformer models with the same voltage specification, rated frequency, capacity, and different column structures are constructed to simulate the structural styles of 220 kV and above neutral point grounding transformer equipment.
[0086] In one embodiment, the number of turns of the coils of the first transformer 1 and the second transformer 2 is (LV / HV) 70 / 318.
[0087] In a preferred embodiment, the first transformer 1 and the second transformer 2 are oil-immersed transformers;
[0088] The data acquisition device includes: four voltage probes, two first current probes, one second current probe and sixteen temperature sensors;
[0089] The voltage probes are respectively installed on the high-voltage side of the first transformer 1, the low-voltage side of the first transformer 1, the high-voltage side of the second transformer 2, and the low-voltage side of the second transformer 2;
[0090] The first current probes are respectively installed on the line between the low-voltage side of the first transformer 1 and the voltage regulator 4, and on the line between the second transformer 2 and the voltage regulator 4;
[0091] The second current probe is installed on the outlet end of the extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device 3;
[0092] The temperature sensors are respectively installed on the surface of the high-voltage coil of the first transformer 1, the top surface of the main column pull plate of the first transformer 1, the top surface of the side column pull plate of the first transformer 1, the surface of the clamp of the first transformer 1, the surface of the iron core of the first transformer 1, the inner surface of the oil tank of the first transformer 1, the bottom oil position in the oil tank of the first transformer 1, the top oil position of the first transformer 1, the surface of the high-voltage coil of the second transformer 2, the top surface of the main column pull plate of the second transformer 2, the top surface of the side column pull plate of the second transformer 2, the surface of the clamp of the second transformer 2, the surface of the iron core of the second transformer 2, the inner surface of the oil tank of the second transformer 2, the bottom oil position in the oil tank of the second transformer 2 and the top oil position of the second transformer 2.
[0093] In one embodiment, the data acquisition device further includes: a multi-channel oscilloscope;
[0094] The multi-channel oscilloscope is used to record the voltage and current changes of the first transformer 1 and the second transformer 2 .
[0095] In one embodiment, the cooling method of the first transformer 1 and the second transformer 2 is natural cooling.
[0096] In a preferred embodiment, the voltage probe is a differential probe with a bandwidth of 100 MHz and a delay time of 11 ns;
[0097] The first current probe has a bandwidth of 20 kHz, a reading error of ±0.3% rdg, a full-scale error of ±0.02% %fs, and a phase error of ±0.1 deg;
[0098] The second current probe has a bandwidth of 100 kHz, a reading error of ±0.3% rdg, a full-scale error of ±0.02% %fs, and a phase error of ±0.1 deg.
[0099] In this embodiment, the voltage probe is a differential probe, which can collect voltage waveform distortion under pulse current injection.
[0100] It should be noted that the supercapacitor module 31 of the present invention can generate a long pulse width pulse current waveform with an amplitude of up to 300A to act on the transformer, simulating the high-amplitude geomagnetic induction current generated by the late stage of the high-altitude electromagnetic pulse environment acting on the transmission line. At the same time, due to the injection of high-amplitude geomagnetic induction current, the transformer reactive power surge will cause the circuit breaker to disconnect during the experiment, affecting the current injection capacity of the experimental platform. Therefore, the present invention connects a reactive compensation capacitor bank with adjustable capacitance in parallel at the end connecting the voltage regulator 4 and the power grid to reduce the impact of the reactive power surge and improve the platform's experimental capabilities. The present invention is of great significance for system-level electromagnetic safety assessment and defense system construction.
[0101] It should be noted that the system embodiment described above is merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the system embodiment provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, which may be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.
[0102] Example 2
[0103] Please refer to Figure 2 , is a flow chart of a transformer effect data acquisition method for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The transformer effect data acquisition method is applicable to the transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena as described in Example 1;
[0104] The transformer effect data collection method comprises:
[0105] S1. Obtaining a specified current value for the extreme geomagnetic induction current to be simulated, a specified leading edge time of the extreme geomagnetic induction current to be simulated, a specified cutoff frequency of the extreme geomagnetic induction current to be simulated, and a capacitance voltage value of the supercapacitor module;
[0106] S2. Calculating a target resistance value according to the specified current value and the capacitor voltage value;
[0107] S3. Adjusting the high-power adjustable resistor according to the target resistance value;
[0108] S4. Calculating a target capacitance value according to the specified cutoff frequency and the target resistance value;
[0109] S5. adjusting the adjustable capacitance according to the target capacitance value and the specified leading edge time;
[0110] S6, controlling the supercapacitor module to discharge;
[0111] S7. Collect transformer temperature data, transformer current waveform data, and transformer voltage waveform data through the data acquisition device as effect data of the transformer under the action of extreme geomagnetic induction current.
[0112] In one embodiment, the target resistance value is calculated as follows:
[0113]
[0114] Where R represents the target resistance value; U represents the capacitor voltage value; I represents the specified current value;
[0115] The target capacitance value is calculated as follows:
[0116]
[0117] Where C is the target capacitance value and T is the specified leading edge time.
[0118] In one embodiment, before obtaining the specified current value for the extreme geomagnetic induction current to be simulated, the specified leading edge time of the extreme geomagnetic induction current to be simulated, and the capacitance voltage value of the supercapacitor module, the method further includes:
[0119] By controlling the voltage regulator to repeatedly raise and lower the operating voltage output from the distribution network to the first transformer and the second transformer, residual magnetism generated by severe saturation of the DC test transformer is eliminated;
[0120] The operating voltage is adjusted to 220V by controlling the voltage regulator, so that the first transformer and the second transformer operate at rated voltage, and initial transformer current waveform data and initial transformer voltage waveform data at this time are recorded;
[0121] The first transformer and the second transformer are controlled to operate at rated voltage for 12 hours, so that the temperatures of the first transformer and the second transformer are stabilized at a constant value.
[0122] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention for those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A transformer effect data acquisition system simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena, characterized in that: include: a first transformer, a second transformer, an extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device, a voltage regulator, and a data acquisition device; The low-voltage side of the first transformer and the low-voltage side of the second transformer are connected in parallel to the output side of the voltage regulator; the high-voltage side of the first transformer and the high-voltage side of the second transformer are connected in series in reverse order; the extreme geomagnetic induction current injection device is connected to the series circuit of the high-voltage side of the first transformer and the high-voltage side of the second transformer; and the input side of the voltage regulator is connected to the power distribution network; The voltage regulator is used to adjust the operating voltage output by the distribution network to the first transformer and the second transformer, so as to ensure normal operation of the first transformer and the second transformer; The extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device includes: a supercapacitor module, a high-power adjustable resistor, and an adjustable capacitor; the supercapacitor module is connected in series with the high-power adjustable resistor; the supercapacitor module is connected in parallel with the adjustable capacitor; the supercapacitor module is used to store electricity and output a simulated current of extreme geomagnetic induction to the series circuit; the high-power adjustable resistor is used to adjust the amplitude of the simulated current to simulate the amplitude of the extreme geomagnetic induction current; the adjustable capacitor is used to protect the supercapacitor and adjust the pulse leading edge of the simulated current to simulate the pulse leading edge of the extreme geomagnetic induction current; The data acquisition device is used to collect transformer temperature data, transformer current waveform data and transformer voltage waveform data as effect data of the transformer under the action of extreme geomagnetic induction current.
2. The transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transformer effect data acquisition system further includes: a reactive compensation capacitor bank; The reactive power compensation capacitor group is connected to the power distribution network and is connected in parallel with the voltage regulator.
3. The transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transformer effect data acquisition system further includes: a charger; The charger is used to charge the supercapacitor module.
4. The transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supercapacitor module is composed of several supercapacitor modules connected in series; each supercapacitor module is composed of several supercapacitors.
5. The transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of supercapacitor modules is 29; The number of supercapacitors in each supercapacitor module is 40; the supercapacitors are connected in a 2-in-parallel and 20-in-series manner; The rated voltage of the supercapacitor is 3.0V and the capacitance value is 3200F; The resistance value adjustment range of the high-power adjustable resistor is 0-10Ω; The adjustable capacitor is composed of a plurality of 480 μF thin film capacitor monomers.
6. The transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transformer and the second transformer have the same voltage specifications, rated frequencies and capacities; the first transformer and the second transformer have different column structures.
7. The transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena according to claim 6, characterized in that: The voltage specifications of the first transformer and the second transformer are both 220V / 1000V; the rated frequencies of the first transformer and the second transformer are both 50Hz; the capacities of the first transformer and the second transformer are both 30kVA; The column structure of the first transformer is a single-phase three-column structure; the column structure of the second transformer is a single-phase four-column structure.
8. The transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transformer and the second transformer are oil-immersed transformers; The data acquisition device includes: four voltage probes, two first current probes, one second current probe and sixteen temperature sensors; The voltage probes are respectively installed on the high voltage side of the first transformer, the low voltage side of the first transformer, the high voltage side of the second transformer and the low voltage side of the second transformer; The first current probes are respectively installed on the line between the low-voltage side of the first transformer and the voltage regulator, and on the line between the second transformer and the voltage regulator; The second current probe is installed on the output terminal of the extreme geomagnetic induction current simulation device; The temperature sensors are respectively installed on the surface of the high-voltage coil of the first transformer, the top surface of the main column pull plate of the first transformer, the top surface of the side column pull plate of the first transformer, the surface of the clamp of the first transformer, the surface of the iron core of the first transformer, the inner surface of the oil tank of the first transformer, the bottom oil position in the oil tank of the first transformer, the top oil position of the first transformer, the surface of the high-voltage coil of the second transformer, the top surface of the main column pull plate of the second transformer, the top surface of the side column pull plate of the second transformer, the surface of the clamp of the second transformer, the surface of the iron core of the second transformer, the inner surface of the oil tank of the second transformer, the bottom oil position in the oil tank of the second transformer and the top oil position of the second transformer.
9. The transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena according to claim 8, characterized in that: The voltage probe is a differential probe with a bandwidth of 100 MHz and a delay time of 11 ns; The first current probe has a bandwidth of 20 kHz, a reading error of ±0.3% rdg, a full-scale error of ±0.02% %fs, and a phase error of ±0.1 deg; The second current probe has a bandwidth of 100 kHz, a reading error of ±0.3% rdg, a full-scale error of ±0.02% %fs, and a phase error of ±0.1 deg.
10. A transformer effect data acquisition method simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena, characterized in that: A transformer effect data acquisition system for simulating extreme geomagnetic induction phenomena according to any one of claims 1 to 9; The transformer effect data collection method comprises: Obtaining a specified current value for the extreme geomagnetic induction current to be simulated, a specified leading edge time of the extreme geomagnetic induction current to be simulated, a specified cutoff frequency of the extreme geomagnetic induction current to be simulated, and a capacitance voltage value of the supercapacitor module; Calculating a target resistance value according to the specified current value and the capacitor voltage value; adjusting the high-power adjustable resistor according to the target resistance value; Calculating a target capacitance value according to the specified cutoff frequency and the target resistance value; adjusting the adjustable capacitance according to the target capacitance value and the specified leading edge time; Controlling the supercapacitor module to discharge; The data acquisition device acquires transformer temperature data, transformer current waveform data, and transformer voltage waveform data as effect data of the transformer under the action of extreme geomagnetic induction current.