Marine airgun delay excitation parameter optimization method and device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a marine airgun delay excitation parameter optimization method and device. The method comprises the following steps: S1, randomly generating a first preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors, and storing the first preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors into a vector set; s2, calculating a vector score corresponding to each air gun delay excitation vector in the vector set; s3, judging whether a stop condition is met or not; if yes, executing S6, and if not, executing S4; s4, selecting a second preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors from the vector set according to the vector score; s5, performing mixed disturbance operation on the second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, updating the vector set according to the newly generated air gun delayed excitation vectors, and skipping to execute S2; and S6, determining the air gun delay excitation vector with the highest vector score as a target air gun delay excitation parameter. Therefore, the parameter optimization efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of marine geophysical exploration, and specifically to a method and device for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun. Background Art

[0002] In marine geophysical exploration, low-frequency sources play a vital role in seismic exploration. Low-frequency seismic waves can penetrate deeper into the ground, providing more information about the subsurface structure. Low-frequency components can also help reduce the ill-posedness of inversion. Many inversion methods (such as full waveform inversion (FWI)) rely heavily on low-frequency data because low-frequency components can provide global model trends, reduce noise impacts, and improve the reliability and stability of the results. However, current low-frequency source design and optimization methods have significant limitations and are unable to meet the growing exploration needs.

[0003] Existing low-frequency source designs mainly rely on manual operation with dedicated software. Designers need to adjust the excitation delay parameters of the air guns one by one, and can only manually adjust and test one configuration at a time. This method is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and extremely inefficient. This manual operation not only consumes a lot of time and manpower, but also cannot process multiple configurations in parallel at the same time, resulting in low design efficiency and inability to find the optimal solution. Even if program traversal is used, it is difficult to find the optimal solution in the huge parameter space without effective optimization methods. Taking the array source of 24 air gun array combinations as an example, assuming that the delay range of each air gun is from 0 to 30ms, with an interval of 1ms, the number of all combinations is 30. 24 , approximately 2.82*10 35 Experiments have shown that near-field simulations of far-field sources require approximately 700ms per single-core execution. Even with a 10,000-core cluster, a complete traversal would require approximately 895578185188356164383561 years, a clearly impossible task. Therefore, traditional traversal methods struggle to fully explore the effects of different excitation-delay combinations and identify the optimal low-frequency source configuration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application is proposed to provide a method, apparatus, computing device, computer storage medium and computer program product for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of marine air guns that overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0005] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a method for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun is provided, comprising:

[0006] S1, randomly generating a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors, and storing the first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors into a vector set, wherein each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents a delay value of an air gun;

[0007] S2, calculate the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set;

[0008] S3, determine whether the stop condition is met; if so, execute S6, if not, execute S4;

[0009] S4, selecting a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors from the vector set according to the vector score;

[0010] S5, performing a mixed perturbation operation on the second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, updating the vector set according to the third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, and jumping to S2;

[0011] S6, determining the air gun delayed firing vector with the highest vector score as the target air gun delayed firing parameter.

[0012] Furthermore, the method further comprises: obtaining a measured near-field wavelet, and generating a zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet by simulation based on the measured near-field wavelet;

[0013] Calculating the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set further includes:

[0014] The delayed excitation far-field wavelet is generated by simulating the delayed excitation vector of each air gun in the vector set according to the measured near-field wavelet;

[0015] According to the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet, the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set is calculated.

[0016] Furthermore, simulating and generating a delayed excitation far-field wavelet based on the measured near-field wavelet and each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set further includes:

[0017] Performing delay processing on the measured near-field wavelet according to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set to obtain a delayed excitation near-field wavelet;

[0018] The delayed excitation far-field wavelet is generated based on the delayed excitation near-field wavelet simulation.

[0019] Furthermore, based on the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet, calculating the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set further includes:

[0020] Calculate the low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectrum similarity, and total energy ratio based on the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet;

[0021] The vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector is calculated based on the low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectrum similarity and total energy ratio.

[0022] Furthermore, performing a mixed perturbation operation on the second preset number of air gun delayed firing vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed firing vectors further includes:

[0023] Selecting two air gun delayed firing vectors from a second preset number of air gun delayed firing vectors to perform vector interleaving processing;

[0024] Perform local delay disturbance processing on the air gun delayed excitation vector after the vector interleaving processing to generate a new air gun delayed excitation vector, and iteratively execute the above steps until a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors are generated.

[0025] Furthermore, updating the vector set according to a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors further includes: retaining the air gun delayed excitation vector with the highest vector score in the vector set, and replacing other air gun delayed excitation vectors in the vector set with the third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors.

[0026] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a device for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun is provided, comprising:

[0027] A first generating module, adapted to randomly generate a first preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors;

[0028] a storage module adapted to store a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors into a vector set, wherein each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents a delay value of an air gun;

[0029] A calculation module, adapted to calculate a vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set;

[0030] The judgment module is adapted to judge whether the stop condition is satisfied; if so, the determination module is triggered to execute; if not, the selection module is executed;

[0031] a selection module adapted to select a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors from the vector set according to the vector scores;

[0032] a second generating module adapted to perform a mixed perturbation operation on a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors;

[0033] an updating module, adapted to update the vector set according to a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, and trigger the calculation module to execute;

[0034] The determination module is adapted to determine the air gun delayed firing vector with the highest vector score as the target air gun delayed firing parameter.

[0035] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a computing device is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory, and the communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus;

[0036] The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to execute operations corresponding to the above-mentioned method for optimizing the delayed excitation parameters of the marine air gun.

[0037] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a computer storage medium is provided, in which at least one executable instruction is stored. The executable instruction enables a processor to perform operations corresponding to the above-mentioned method for optimizing the delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun.

[0038] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a computer program product is provided, comprising at least one executable instruction, wherein the executable instruction causes a processor to execute operations corresponding to the above-mentioned method for optimizing delayed firing parameters of a marine air gun.

[0039] According to the method and device for optimizing delayed excitation parameters for marine air guns provided in the embodiments of the present application, stereo source excitation is achieved by setting the excitation delay of the air gun. The target scoring function comprehensively measures the effect of signal optimization through three parts: low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectrum similarity, and total energy ratio. This multi-objective optimization method not only ensures the enhancement of the low-frequency components of the signal, but also avoids severe spectrum distortion and abnormal energy distribution. By evaluating and optimizing a large number of configurations, a seismic wavelet with the optimal time delay combination is obtained in a relatively short time, generating a seismic wavelet rich in low frequencies. This method efficiently realizes the simulation design and optimization of air gun sources, solving the problem of low efficiency and inability to find an optimal solution in low-frequency source design.

[0040] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the embodiment of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the embodiment of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation method of the embodiment of the present application is specifically listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the embodiments of the present application. The same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for optimizing delayed firing parameters of a marine air gun according to one embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0043] Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of the near-field wavelet;

[0044] Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of the far-field wavelet simulated by the near-field wavelet;

[0045] Figure 2C Schematic diagram of the optimal convergence curve;

[0046] Figure 2D This is a schematic diagram comparing the frequency-amplitude spectra of the delayed excitation far-field wavelet and the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet corresponding to the optimal air gun delayed excitation parameters;

[0047] Figure 2E Schematic diagram of the comparison of the frequency amplitude spectrum (logarithmic coordinates) of the delayed excitation far-field wavelet corresponding to the optimal air gun delayed excitation parameters and the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet;

[0048] Figure 2F This is a schematic diagram comparing the frequency decibel spectra of the delayed excitation far-field wavelet and the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet corresponding to the optimal air gun delayed excitation parameters;

[0049] Figure 2G This is a schematic diagram comparing the frequency decibel spectra (logarithmic coordinates) of the delayed excitation far-field wavelet corresponding to the optimal air gun delayed excitation parameters and the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet;

[0050] Figure 3 A structural block diagram of a device for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun according to one embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0051] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0053] Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0054] Step S101 : randomly generate a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors, and store the first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors into a vector set, wherein each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents a delay value of an air gun.

[0055] Specifically, the present application pre-sets a value range of [0, Tmax] for the air gun delay value. Therefore, a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors can be randomly generated based on this value range, and values can be randomly selected from this value range to generate air gun delay excitation vectors, wherein the values of the first preset number can be flexibly set according to actual needs, for example, a value of 100. The air gun delay excitation vector is a parameter vector used to describe the excitation timing of the air gun array in the ocean. It is a set of delay time values arranged in a preset order, which is used to control the excitation sequence of each air gun in the array. The delay time of each air gun represents the delay interval between the excitation time of the air gun and the excitation time at time 0.

[0056] The length of the air gun delay firing vector corresponds to the length of the air gun array. In other words, the length of the air gun delay firing vector is the same as the number of air guns in the air gun array. For example, if there are 32 air guns, the air gun delay firing vector is a vector array of length 32; if the length of the air gun array is 40, the air gun delay firing vector is a vector array of length 40.

[0057] Each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents the delay value of an air gun. The delay value range is [0, Tmax]. For example, the delay value range is [0, 30]. The unit is milliseconds, and the delay value is an integer. Therefore, the delay value of the air gun can be 31 time delay values with an interval of 1ms. Two examples of air gun delay excitation vectors are given below: A1: [0, 3, 5, 1, 4, 7, 12], A2: [10, 2, 7, 8, 9, 3, 4]. The examples given here are just for ease of understanding, and the length of the vector is not specifically limited.

[0058] After randomly generating a first preset number of air gun delayed firing vectors, the first preset number of air gun delayed firing vectors are stored in a vector set, which is initially empty.

[0059] Step S102 , calculating the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set.

[0060] Vector scoring is a numerical indicator used to quantitatively evaluate the quality of a set of air gun delayed excitation vectors. The target scoring function maps the excitation parameters to vector scores, directly guiding the optimization of the air gun delayed excitation vectors.

[0061] To calculate the optimization effect of each vector—its "good or bad" rating—it's necessary to calculate the corresponding vector score for each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set. This vector score calculation uses wavefield simulation to generate wavefield data for each air gun delayed excitation vector. Based on this wavefield data, a multi-metric parallel calculation process is initiated, combining each metric into the final vector score using a weighted summation formula. For example, the vector score for A1 is 0.78, and the vector score for A2 is 0.65.

[0062] In an optional embodiment, when calculating the vector score, the far-field wavelet can be used for calculation, but the far-field wavelet cannot be actually measured. Therefore, the far-field wavelet can be obtained by simulating the far-field wavelet through the near-field wavelet. Specifically, the near-field wavelet can be collected at the air gun array excitation operation site by a detector deployed near the earthquake source. Before the far-field wavelet simulation is performed, a pre-processing operation can be performed, including removing electromagnetic interference noise during the acquisition process, eliminating abnormal pulse signals, and retaining the waveform characteristics of the effective frequency band through band-pass filtering to ensure that the time domain waveform and spectral characteristics of the near-field wavelet accurately reflect the actual excitation state of the air gun, thereby obtaining the measured near-field wavelet. Then, based on the measured near-field wavelet simulation, a zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet is generated. Zero delay means that the delay value is 0, that is, the value of each element of the air gun delay excitation vector is 0. In this application, when the near-field wavelet does not change, the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet usually only needs to be simulated once.

[0063] In order to accurately calculate the vector score corresponding to the air gun delayed excitation vector, it is also necessary to generate a delayed excitation far-field wavelet. Specifically, the numerical value of the elements in the air gun delayed excitation vector reflects the delayed excitation time of each air gun in the air gun array. Therefore, the delayed excitation far-field wavelet can be simulated based on the measured near-field wavelet and each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set. A corresponding delayed excitation far-field wavelet will be generated for each air gun delayed excitation vector. The number of delayed excitation far-field wavelets corresponds to the number of air gun delayed excitation vectors in the vector set. In addition, as the method loop is executed, the air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set is updated, and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet will also change accordingly. A new delayed excitation far-field wavelet will be regenerated each time the method loop is executed.

[0064] For example, the following method can be used to generate delayed excitation far-field wavelets: delay processing can be performed on the measured near-field wavelet according to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set to obtain a delayed excitation near-field wavelet, and then, a delayed excitation far-field wavelet can be generated based on the delayed excitation near-field wavelet simulation.

[0065] The following describes the process of simulating far-field wavelets based on near-field wavelets:

[0066] In commonly used coherent arrays, because the distance between the airguns is less than the critical distance for mutual indifference, the pressure wave field of the bubble generated by the airgun gas release will suppress the pressure wave field of other adjacent bubbles, so it is impossible to perform a simple superposition process to obtain the wavelet at any point in the far field. Assuming that the measured near-field wavelet P i (t) is composed of n incoherent ideal source wavelets P i ′(t), we can get the equation group:

[0067]

[0068] Among them, r i1 represents the distance from the i-th ideal source to the first detector; c represents the propagation speed of sound waves in seawater, which is about 1500m / s; n represents the total number of detectors.

[0069] Through the above analysis, taking into account the ghost reflection, we can get the near-field wavelet

[0070]

[0071] Among them, P i ′(t) is the i-th ideal source wavelet, h j (t) is the near-field wavelet measured by the jth detector, s j is the sensitivity of the jth detector, r ij is the distance from the i-th ideal source to the j-th geophone, (rg)ij is the distance from the i-th virtual source to the j-th detector.

[0072] The ideal source wavelet is obtained by formula (1-2), and the ideal source wavelet is decomposed in the time domain. The ideal source wavelet in the time domain is:

[0073]

[0074] Formula (1-3) can be solved by iterative method:

[0075] When i=j, r ij =1. If the distance between the bubble and the geophone is smaller than that in other cases, the measured value of the geophone is a good approximation of the ideal source. In other words, a geophone is placed near each air gun, and the signal detected by this geophone mainly comes from the ideal source nearby. Therefore, the near-field signal detected by the geophone can be used as the initial value to iterate and solve the ideal source. On the basis of this measured value, the influence of other ideal sources and ghost reflections can be eliminated by iteration.

[0076] Synthesize far-field wavelets using ideal source wavelets in the time domain:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, P i ′(t) is the i-th ideal source wavelet, f(t) is the required far-field wavelet, r i is the distance from the i-th ideal source to the far-field point, (rg) i is the distance from the ith virtual source to the far-field point, and R is the reflection coefficient, which is usually -1.

[0079] The far-field wavelet can be obtained by linearly superimposing n ideal source wavelets according to formula (1-4) and taking into account their ghost reflections.

[0080] Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of the near-field wavelet, Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of the far-field wavelet simulated by the near-field wavelet. Figure 2A By simulating the near-field wavelet shown in Figure 2B The far-field wavelet is shown.

[0081] After obtaining the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet, the vector score corresponding to each air-gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set can be calculated based on the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet. For example, the low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio can be calculated based on the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet. The vector score corresponding to each air-gun delayed excitation vector can be weighted and calculated based on the low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio.

[0082] Specifically, in order to enhance the energy of the low-frequency component while maintaining the overall consistency of the signal spectrum, this application designs a multi-objective optimization scoring function. This target scoring function optimizes the signal excitation delay parameters with low-frequency enhancement, spectrum similarity, and maintenance of the total signal energy as the core. The target scoring function needs to strike a balance between multiple performance indicators to achieve signal optimization. The overall goal is to maximize the low-frequency component while maintaining a high overall consistency with the spectrum and energy of the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet.

[0083] The low-frequency enhancement ratio can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, LowFreqRatio is the low-frequency enhancement ratio, which represents the ratio of the energy of the delayed excitation far-field wavelet in the low-frequency part to the energy of the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet in the same frequency band. This indicator measures the energy enhancement effect of the delayed excitation far-field wavelet in the low-frequency range; FFT original The spectrum vector of the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet in the target frequency band (usually the amplitude or real part); FFT optimized is the frequency spectrum vector (usually the amplitude or real part) of the delayed excitation far-field wavelet in the same frequency band (the target frequency band corresponding to the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet); || 2 Indicates spectral energy (power spectral density); f low The upper threshold of the low frequency is specified, for example, 10Hz or 15Hz, Indicates zero-delay excitation of the far-field wavelet at f≤f low The sum of the spectrum energy within the range, Indicates that the delayed excitation far-field wavelet is at f≤f low The sum of the spectral energy within the range.

[0086] The spectrum similarity can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] SpectrumSimilarity is the spectrum similarity, which is used to measure the similarity between the spectrum of the delayed excitation far-field wavelet and the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet; ||*||: represents the L2 norm, which is the 2 norm of the vector; FFT original FFT optimized is the inner product of the two spectra, which measures the degree of alignment between the delayed excitation far-field wavelet and the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet; || FFT original ||·||FFT optimized || represents the modulus length product of two spectra, used for normalization; FFT original The spectrum vector of the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet in the target frequency band (usually the amplitude or real part); FFT optimized is the frequency spectrum vector (usually the amplitude or real part) of the delayed excitation far-field wavelet in the same frequency band (the target frequency band corresponding to the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet);

[0089] By calculating the spectral similarity, we evaluate whether the spectrum of the delayed excitation far-field and near-field wavelets maintains overall consistency with the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet, avoiding serious offset or loss of signal frequency components during the optimization process, thereby ensuring the overall quality of the signal.

[0090] The total energy ratio can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0091]

[0092] EnergyRatio is the total energy ratio, which measures the ratio of the energy retained by the delayed excitation far-field and near-field wavelets in the selected frequency range relative to the energy retained by the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet. This indicator is very important for determining whether the signal retains its main frequency components after processing; Σ|FFT optimized | 2 is the sum of the spectrum energy of the delayed excitation far-field wavelet, Σ|FFT original | 2 The EnergyRatio metric measures whether the total energy of the delayed-excited far-field and near-field wavelets is consistent with the total energy of the zero-delay-excited far-field wavelet. During the optimization process, ensuring minimal variation in total energy maintains the overall signal excitation intensity and avoids changes in the signal's physical meaning. A stable ratio ensures that the signal amplitude range remains reasonable in actual acquisition environments, thereby preventing signal distortion.

[0093] After calculating the low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectrum similarity, and total energy ratio, the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector can be calculated using the following formula: Fitness = ω1×LowFreqRatio+ω2×SpectrumSimilarity+ω3×EnergyRatio

[0094] Among them, Fitness is the vector score, LowFreqRatio is the low-frequency enhancement ratio, SpectrumSimilarity is the spectrum similarity; EnergyRatio is the total energy ratio, and ω1, ω2, and ω3 are weights.

[0095] During the entire optimization process, ω1, ω2, and ω3 can be fixed values or dynamically changing.

[0096] For dynamic conditions, during the optimization process, the weights of various components are adjusted to appropriately prioritize the optimization of each metric, ensuring that the objective function meets the optimization goal. For example, increasing the LowFreqRatio can increase the weight of low-frequency components. The objective function requires a trade-off between multiple objectives. If significant low-frequency enhancement results in spectral distortion, the spectral variation can be constrained by increasing the weight of ω2. If the signal energy is too low or too high, adjustments can be made by increasing the weight of ω3.

[0097] The objective scoring function comprehensively measures the effectiveness of signal optimization using three components: low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectral similarity, and total energy ratio. This multi-objective optimization method not only ensures the enhancement of the signal's low-frequency components, but also avoids severe spectral distortion and abnormal energy distribution, providing a scientific basis for the application of optimization algorithms in seismic signal optimization.

[0098] Step S103, determine whether the stop condition is met; if so, execute step S106, if not, execute step S104.

[0099] The stopping condition may specifically be: the fitness reaches the convergence condition or the number of cycles is greater than or equal to the first preset number (such as 200 times), wherein the fitness reaches the convergence condition means that after the cycle is executed for the second preset number of times, the highest vector score has no significant improvement.

[0100] In the present application, if the stopping condition is that the fitness reaches the convergence condition, then after the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector is calculated according to step S102, it is possible to first determine whether the difference between the calculated highest vector score and the highest vector score calculated last time is less than the preset difference. If the difference is less than or equal to the preset difference, then determine whether the number of cycles in which the difference is less than the preset difference reaches a second preset number. If it reaches the second preset number, it is determined that the stopping condition is met, and then jump to execute step S106; if the difference is greater than or does not reach the second preset number, it is determined that the stopping condition is not met, and then jump to execute step S104.

[0101] If the stopping condition is that the number of loops is greater than or equal to the first preset number, then determine whether the number of loops is greater than or equal to the first preset number. If it is greater than or equal to the first preset number, then determine that the stopping condition is met, then jump to execute step S106; if it is less than the second preset number, then determine that the stopping condition is not met, then jump to execute step S104.

[0102] Step S104 : selecting a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors from the vector set according to the vector scores.

[0103] To improve optimization efficiency and avoid the time-consuming process of traversing all possible combinations, a vector set can be efficiently searched by simulating natural selection. Therefore, a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors can be selected from the vector set based on the vector scores. The second preset number is smaller than the first preset number. The second preset number can be set based on actual needs or determined by a selection method.

[0104] Specifically, the following method may be used to select the second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors:

[0105] The sum of the vector scores of the air gun delayed firing vectors in the vector set is calculated. Based on the vector scores of each air gun delayed firing vector and the sum of the vector scores, the selection probability corresponding to each air gun delayed firing vector in the vector set is calculated. Based on the selection probabilities, the cumulative probability of each air gun delayed firing vector is calculated: that is, the sum of the selection probabilities from the first air gun delayed firing vector to the i-th air gun delayed firing vector, where i ranges from 1 to the number of air gun delayed firing vectors in the vector set. In this case, the air gun delayed firing vectors in the vector set divide the interval [0, 1] into a corresponding number of matching intervals, each of which is equal to the selection probability of the air gun delayed firing vector and corresponds to a partition on the roulette wheel. A random number is generated within the interval [0, 1], and the matching interval corresponding to the random number is determined. The air gun delayed firing vector corresponding to the matching interval is then selected. This step is repeated until a second predetermined number of air gun delayed firing vectors are selected. This method increases the probability of selecting air gun delayed firing vectors with high vector scores, probabilistically screening for more optimal delay solutions while retaining the possibility of attempting a "non-optimal solution" with a small probability.

[0106] In addition, the following method may be used to select the second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors:

[0107] A fourth preset number of air gun delayed firing vectors are randomly selected from the vector set without replacement. The fourth preset number is typically set to a value range of [2, 5], but may also be other ranges. To select more air gun delayed firing vectors, the fourth preset number should not be set too large. For example, the fourth preset number may be 2 or 3.

[0108] Compare the vector scores corresponding to the fourth preset number of selected air gun delayed firing vectors, select the air gun delayed firing vector with the highest vector score, and repeat the above steps until the second preset number of air gun delayed firing vectors are selected. For example, if the vector score corresponding to A1 is 0.78 and the vector score corresponding to A2 is 0.65, and if the fourth preset number is 2, randomly select air gun delayed firing vectors A1 and A2 from the vector set without replacement. By comparing the vector scores of A1 and A2, A1 is selected.

[0109] In addition, other methods may also be used to select the second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors from the vector set, which will not be described in detail here.

[0110] Step S105, perform a mixed perturbation operation on the second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, update the vector set according to the third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, and jump to execute step S102.

[0111] Hybrid perturbation is a technique that combines vector interleaving with probabilistic local delay perturbations. It aims to dynamically adjust the delay values of the air gun delayed excitation vectors through a combination of determinism and randomness, thereby generating new air gun delayed excitation vectors. Its core approach is to optimize the air gun array excitation timing by fusing and reorganizing multi-source parameters and applying low-probability local delay perturbations, thereby avoiding local optima.

[0112] After selecting and obtaining a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors, a mixed perturbation operation can be performed on the second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors. Through the above-mentioned mixed perturbation operation, a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors can be generated, wherein the third preset number is less than or equal to the first preset number. Then, the vector set is updated according to the third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, and the process jumps to execute step S102.

[0113] It should be noted that, for the case where the stopping condition is that the number of cycles is greater than or equal to the first preset number of times, after the vector set is updated according to the new air gun delayed excitation vectors of the third preset number, the step of determining whether the stopping condition is met is executed. If so, step S106 is executed; if not, the process jumps to step S102.

[0114] In an optional embodiment, performing a mixed perturbation operation on the second preset number of air gun delayed firing vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed firing vectors may be further achieved by the following method:

[0115] Selecting two air gun delayed firing vectors from a second preset number of air gun delayed firing vectors to perform vector interleaving processing;

[0116] Perform local delay disturbance processing on the air gun delayed excitation vector after the vector interleaving processing to generate a new air gun delayed excitation vector, and iteratively execute the above steps until a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors are generated.

[0117] Among them, vector interleaving refers to the technical operation of extracting some parameter fragments from two independent air gun delayed excitation vectors according to preset rules and recombining them into a new air gun delayed excitation vector with hybrid characteristics.

[0118] Specifically, two air gun delayed excitation vectors are randomly selected from a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors, a single interleaving point for vector interleaving processing of the two air gun delayed excitation vectors is determined, and all elements of the two air gun delayed excitation vectors after the interleaving point are exchanged to generate a new air gun delayed excitation vector after vector interleaving processing.

[0119] Continuing with the above example, A1: [0,3,5,1,4,7,12], A2: [10,2,7,8,9,3,4], vector interleaving is performed at the 4th bit. Therefore, bits 1-4 come from A1, and bits 5-7 come from A2. The air gun delayed excitation vector after vector interleaving is C: [0,3,5,1,9,3,4];

[0120] In order to maintain the diversity of the vector set and avoid falling into the problem of local optimality, after generating the interleaved air gun delayed excitation vector, it is necessary to perform local delay perturbation processing on the interleaved air gun delayed excitation vector to generate a new air gun delayed excitation vector. The above steps are iteratively performed until a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors are generated. Here, the air gun delayed excitation vector after the vector interleaving process is subjected to local delay perturbation processing according to a preset probability, that is, changing the partial delay values in the air gun delayed excitation vector after the interleaving process of some vectors, such as modifying the partial delay value of any air gun after the interleaving process with a probability of 1% (random regeneration).

[0121] In an optional embodiment, updating the vector set according to a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors further includes: retaining the air gun delayed excitation vector with the highest vector score in the vector set, and replacing other air gun delayed excitation vectors in the vector set with the third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors.

[0122] In order to efficiently accumulate high-quality parameter combinations and avoid optimization regression due to random disturbances, when updating the vector set, the air gun delayed excitation vector with the highest vector score in the last optimization process is directly retained. The air gun delayed excitation vector with the highest vector score may not participate in subsequent processing (i.e., the selection operation and mixed perturbation operation in step S104-step S105), and a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors are used to replace other air gun delayed excitation vectors in the vector set. Here, the third preset number is smaller than the first preset number; in addition, the fifth preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors with the highest vector score may be selected and retained directly, and these air gun delayed excitation vectors may not participate in subsequent processing (i.e., the selection operation and mixed perturbation operation in step S104-step S105).

[0123] Step S106 : determining the air gun delayed firing vector with the highest vector score as the target air gun delayed firing parameter.

[0124] When it is determined that the stop condition is met, the air gun delayed excitation vector with the highest vector score can be determined as the target air gun delayed excitation parameter, so that the air gun array is excited according to the target air gun delayed excitation parameter to perform wavefield data acquisition.

[0125] In the existing technology, the system uses automation technology to set the excitation delay of each air gun to achieve the effect of stereo source excitation, avoiding the low efficiency and error of traditional manual operation. Assuming that there are 24 air guns in the array, each air gun has only 30 possible delay values. If all possible combinations are traversed, there are a total of 30 24 There are a staggering number of possibilities. An exhaustive approach requires evaluating every possible combination, which increases the computational complexity exponentially. Even if each evaluation takes only 700 milliseconds, evaluating all possible combinations would require a supercomputer cluster of hundreds of trillions of years. Storing all possible combinations and evaluation results requires a vast amount of storage space, making this impractical in practical applications. Therefore, optimization algorithms are needed to quickly find the optimal solution.

[0126] By using the optimization method of this application, a near-optimal combination can be found within a reasonable time, solving large-scale combinatorial optimization problems and avoiding the huge computational complexity and time cost brought by the exhaustive method. Figure 2C As shown, the above ultra-large solution space converges to the optimal solution in just three hours using parallel processing on a 32-core workstation. The blue line in the figure represents the optimal solution at each iteration, with the score continuously improving until it finally converges to the optimal solution. This shows that with each iteration of the optimization process, the vector set is indeed moving towards a better goal, ultimately converging to a near-optimal solution in the vast parameter space, resulting in the optimal solution.

[0127] exist Figure 2D-2G In the figure, the spectrum comparison before and after optimization is clearly shown. In order to better show the effect of the low-frequency part, Figure 2E 、 Figure 2G The horizontal axis is logarithmic. As can be seen, the optimal solution converged to by the optimization method in this application significantly enhances the low-frequency component, especially the energy below 10 Hz, compared to the traditional excitation without delay. The components below 10 Hz are increased by 156.5% compared to the low-frequency components without delay. This meets the expectations of low-frequency array source design.

[0128] This application uses an optimization method to search for the best value in a large-scale configuration space, comprehensively explores and evaluates different excitation delay combinations, quickly finds the optimal time delay combination, and generates high-quality low-frequency seismic wavelets. This method significantly improves the efficiency of design and optimization, ensuring that the combination found is optimal in the large-scale configuration space. Through the combination of automation and optimization systems, this application has significant advantages in the design and optimization of low-frequency air gun sources, greatly improving design efficiency and optimization capabilities, meeting the needs of modern marine geophysical exploration, and providing efficient and accurate low-frequency source design solutions, with broad application prospects.

[0129] For ease of understanding, this is simplified to a "6-gun array with a delay of 0-9 milliseconds per gun" and only one round of optimization is shown:

[0130] Four air gun delayed excitation vectors are randomly generated, and the corresponding vector score is calculated for each air gun delayed excitation vector as follows:

[0131] A1[0,1,2,3,4,5]0.60

[0132] A2[5,4,3,2,1,0]0.65

[0133] A3[0,0,0,0,0,0]0.40

[0134] A4[9,8,7,6,5,4]0.72

[0135] Among them, the vector corresponding to A4 has the highest score and can be directly retained;

[0136] Perform a selection operation, for example, select from A2 and A4 → select A4; select from A1 and A3 → select A1;

[0137] Perform vector interleaving on A1 and A4, and perform vector interleaving on the third bit. The air gun delayed excitation vector after interleaving is [9,8,7]+[3,4,5]=[9,8,7,3,4,5], recorded as C1

[0138] Here, the vector set is updated according to C1[9,8,7,3,4,5], and then the above steps are iterated until the stopping condition is met.

[0139] This application effectively solves the problems of low efficiency and inability to find optimal solutions in large-scale parameters in traditional low-frequency array source design through large-scale parameter optimization technology of automated setting of excitation delay, generation and evaluation of far-field seismic wavelets, and optimization algorithm, bringing significant technological progress and application value to low-frequency source design.

[0140] According to the method for optimizing delayed excitation parameters for marine air guns provided in an embodiment of the present application, stereo source excitation is achieved by setting the excitation delay of the air gun. The target scoring function comprehensively measures the effect of signal optimization through three parts: low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectrum similarity, and total energy ratio. This multi-objective optimization method not only ensures the enhancement of the low-frequency components of the signal, but also avoids severe spectrum distortion and abnormal energy distribution. By evaluating and optimizing a large number of configurations, a seismic wavelet with the optimal time delay combination is obtained in a relatively short time, generating a seismic wavelet rich in low frequencies. This method efficiently realizes the simulation design and optimization of air gun sources, solving the problem of low efficiency and inability to find an optimal solution in low-frequency source design.

[0141] Figure 3 FIG. 1 shows a structural block diagram of a device for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3As shown, the device includes:

[0142] A first generating module 301 is adapted to randomly generate a first preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors;

[0143] A storage module 302 is adapted to store a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors into a vector set, wherein each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents a delay value of an air gun;

[0144] A calculation module 303 is adapted to calculate a vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set;

[0145] The judging module 304 is adapted to judge whether the stop condition is satisfied; if so, the determining module is triggered to execute; if not, the selecting module is executed;

[0146] A selection module 305 is adapted to select a second preset number of air gun delayed firing vectors from the vector set according to the vector scores;

[0147] A second generating module 306 is adapted to perform a mixed perturbation operation on a second preset number of air gun delayed firing vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed firing vectors;

[0148] An updating module 307 is adapted to update the vector set according to a third preset number of new air gun delayed firing vectors, and trigger the calculation module to execute;

[0149] The determination module 308 is adapted to determine the air gun delay fire vector with the highest vector score as the target air gun delay fire parameter.

[0150] Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: a simulation module adapted to obtain a measured near-field wavelet and simulate and generate a zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet based on the measured near-field wavelet;

[0151] The calculation module is further adapted to: simulate and generate delayed excitation far-field wavelets based on the measured near-field wavelets and each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set;

[0152] According to the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet, the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set is calculated.

[0153] Optionally, the calculation module is further adapted to: perform delay processing on the measured near-field wavelet according to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set to obtain a delayed excitation near-field wavelet;

[0154] The delayed excitation far-field wavelet is generated based on the delayed excitation near-field wavelet simulation.

[0155] Optionally, the calculation module is further adapted to: calculate a low frequency enhancement ratio, a spectrum similarity, and a total energy ratio based on the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet;

[0156] The vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector is calculated based on the low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectrum similarity and total energy ratio.

[0157] Optionally, the second generating module is further adapted to: select two air gun delayed firing vectors from a second preset number of air gun delayed firing vectors to perform vector interleaving processing;

[0158] Perform local delay disturbance processing on the air gun delayed excitation vector after the vector interleaving processing to generate a new air gun delayed excitation vector, and iteratively execute the above steps until a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors are generated.

[0159] Optionally, the updating module is further adapted to: retain the air gun delay fire vector with the highest vector score in the vector set, and replace other air gun delay fire vectors in the vector set with a third preset number of new air gun delay fire vectors.

[0160] The description of each module above refers to the corresponding description in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0161] According to the marine air gun delayed excitation parameter optimization device provided in the embodiment of the present application, stereo source excitation is achieved by setting the excitation delay of the air gun. The target scoring function comprehensively measures the effect of signal optimization through three parts: low-frequency enhancement ratio, spectrum similarity, and total energy ratio. This multi-objective optimization method not only ensures the enhancement of the low-frequency components of the signal, but also avoids severe spectrum distortion and abnormal energy distribution. By evaluating and optimizing a large number of configurations, a seismic wavelet with the optimal time delay combination is obtained in a relatively short time, generating a seismic wavelet rich in low frequencies. This method efficiently realizes the simulation design and optimization of air gun sources, solving the problem of low efficiency and inability to find an optimal solution in low-frequency source design.

[0162] An embodiment of the present application provides a non-volatile computer storage medium storing at least one executable instruction or computer program, which enables a processor to perform operations corresponding to the method for optimizing the delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun in any of the above method embodiments.

[0163] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes at least one executable instruction or computer program, which can enable a processor to perform operations corresponding to the method for optimizing the delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun in any of the above method embodiments.

[0164] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a computing device of the present application is shown. The specific embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation of the computing device.

[0165] like Figure 4 As shown, the computing device may include: a processor 402 , a communications interface 404 , a memory 406 , and a communication bus 408 .

[0166] Processor 402, communication interface 404, and memory 406 communicate with each other via communication bus 408. Communication interface 404 is used to communicate with other devices, such as client devices or other server network elements. Processor 402 is used to execute program 410, which may specifically perform the steps of the embodiment of the method for optimizing delayed firing parameters of a marine air gun for a computing device.

[0167] Specifically, the program 410 may include program codes, which include computer operation instructions.

[0168] Processor 402 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application. The one or more processors included in the computing device may be processors of the same type, such as one or more CPUs, or may be processors of different types, such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.

[0169] The memory 406 is used to store the program 410. The memory 406 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0170] Program 410 can specifically be used to cause processor 402 to execute the method for optimizing delayed firing parameters for a marine air gun in any of the aforementioned method embodiments. The specific implementation of each step in program 410 can be found in the corresponding descriptions of the corresponding steps and units in the aforementioned embodiments for optimizing delayed firing parameters for a marine air gun, and will not be repeated here. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for ease and brevity of description, the specific operating processes of the devices and modules described above can be referenced to the corresponding process descriptions in the aforementioned method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0171] The algorithm and display provided herein are not inherently relevant to any particular computer, virtual system or other device. Various general-purpose systems can also be used together with the teachings based on this. According to the above description, it is obvious that the structure required for constructing this type of system. In addition, the embodiments of the present application are not directed to any specific programming language yet. It should be understood that various programming languages can be utilized to realize the content of the embodiments of the present application described herein, and the description of the specific languages above is for the purpose of disclosing the best mode of implementation of the embodiments of the present application.

[0172] In the description provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it is understood that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0173] Similarly, it should be understood that in order to streamline the present disclosure and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the present application, the various features of the embodiments of the present application are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting the following intention: that the claimed embodiments of the present application require more features than the features explicitly recited in each claim. More precisely, as reflected in the claims below, inventive aspects lie in less than all the features of the individual embodiments disclosed above. Therefore, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim itself serving as a separate embodiment of the embodiments of the present application.

[0174] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the devices in the embodiments may be adaptively changed and arranged in one or more devices different from the embodiments. The modules or units or components in the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and in addition may be divided into multiple submodules or subunits or subcomponents. All features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device disclosed herein may be combined in any combination, except that at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature providing the same, equivalent or similar purpose.

[0175] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that although some embodiments described herein include certain features that are included in other embodiments but not other features, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the present invention and to form different embodiments. For example, in the claims below, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

[0176] The various component embodiments of the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware, or in software modules running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that a microprocessor or digital signal processor (DSP) can be used in practice to implement some or all of the functions of some or all of the components in the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments of the present application can also be implemented as a device or apparatus program (e.g., computer program and computer program product) for performing a part or all of the methods described herein. Such a program implementing the embodiments of the present application can be stored on a computer-readable medium, or can have the form of one or more signals. Such a signal can be downloaded from an Internet website, or provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.

[0177] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate rather than limit the embodiments of the present application, and that a person skilled in the art may devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference symbols placed between brackets should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The embodiments of the present application may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a unit claim enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc. does not indicate any order. These words may be interpreted as names.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun, comprising: S1, randomly generating a first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors, and storing the first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors into a vector set, wherein each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents a delay value of an air gun; S2, calculating the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set; S3, determine whether the stop condition is met; if so, execute S6, if not, execute S4; S4, selecting a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors from the vector set according to the vector score; S5, performing a mixed perturbation operation on the second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, updating the vector set according to the third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors, and jumping to S2; S6, determining the air gun delayed firing vector with the highest vector score as the target air gun delayed firing parameter.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes: obtaining a measured near-field wavelet, and simulating and generating a zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet based on the measured near-field wavelet; Calculating the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set further includes: Simulating and generating a delayed excitation far-field wavelet based on the measured near-field wavelet and each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set; A vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set is calculated based on the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The generating of the delayed excitation far-field wavelet by simulating the delayed excitation vector of each air gun in the vector set according to the measured near-field wavelet further comprises: performing delay processing on the measured near-field wavelet according to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set to obtain a delayed excitation near-field wavelet; The delayed excitation far-field wavelet is generated according to the delayed excitation near-field wavelet simulation.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: Calculating the vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set according to the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet further includes: Calculating a low-frequency enhancement ratio, a spectrum similarity, and a total energy ratio based on the zero-delay excitation far-field wavelet and the delayed excitation far-field wavelet; A vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector is calculated based on the low-frequency enhancement ratio, the spectrum similarity, and the total energy ratio.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The performing a mixed perturbation operation on the second preset number of air gun delayed firing vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed firing vectors further comprises: Selecting two air gun delayed firing vectors from the second preset number of air gun delayed firing vectors to perform vector interleaving processing; Perform local delay disturbance processing on the air gun delayed excitation vector after the vector interleaving processing to generate a new air gun delayed excitation vector, and iteratively execute the above steps until a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors are generated.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The updating of the vector set according to the third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors further includes: retaining the air gun delayed excitation vector with the highest vector score in the vector set, and replacing the other air gun delayed excitation vectors in the vector set with the third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors.

7. A device for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun, comprising: A first generating module, adapted to randomly generate a first preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors; a storage module adapted to store the first preset number of air gun delay excitation vectors into a vector set, wherein each element in the air gun delay excitation vector represents a delay value of an air gun; A calculation module, adapted to calculate a vector score corresponding to each air gun delayed excitation vector in the vector set; The judgment module is adapted to judge whether the stop condition is satisfied; if so, the determination module is triggered to execute; if not, the selection module is executed; a selection module adapted to select a second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors from the vector set according to the vector score; a second generating module adapted to perform a mixed perturbation operation on the second preset number of air gun delayed excitation vectors to generate a third preset number of new air gun delayed excitation vectors; an updating module, adapted to update the vector set according to the third preset number of new air gun delayed firing vectors, and trigger the calculation module to execute; The determination module is adapted to determine the air gun delayed firing vector with the highest vector score as the target air gun delayed firing parameter.

8. A computing device comprising: A processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory, and the communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus; The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to perform operations corresponding to the method for optimizing delayed excitation parameters of a marine air gun according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores at least one executable instruction, wherein the executable instruction causes a processor to execute operations corresponding to the method for optimizing delayed firing parameters of a marine air gun according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product comprising at least one executable instruction, wherein the executable instruction enables a processor to execute operations corresponding to the method for optimizing delayed firing parameters of a marine air gun according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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