Simulation effect verification method and device for wind turbine generator

Abstract

The invention provides a simulation effect verification method and device for a wind turbine generator, and belongs to the technical field of wind turbine generator simulation. The problem that due to strong natural wind, fan blades of an existing offshore floating type wind turbine generator are too high in rotating speed, and the risk of breakage is likely to happen is solved. A wind turbine generator model subjected to simulation training is imported into simulation software, a brake pad model is established on a blade main shaft of the wind turbine generator model, air volume is sequentially input in the windward direction of fan blades of the wind turbine generator model from small to small, and after the air volume is gradually increased, the load condition of the fan blades is determined according to the load condition of the fan blades. And analyzing and acquiring the wind power of the fan blade which can be broken, and taking the wind power as the dangerous wind quantity. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the air volume with the fracture risk of the fan blades is analyzed through the simulation technology, then the friction force in the deceleration process is analyzed, and the interval range of the relation between the air volume and the deceleration friction force is obtained through verification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wind turbine simulation, and relates to a method and a device for verifying the simulation effect of a wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] Simulation technology uses computer models to simulate the operation of real-world systems or processes to predict their behavior, optimize designs, or verify theories. Topology optimization, a type of simulation technology, uses mathematical methods to determine which areas of a structure require material and where material can be removed, thereby achieving lightweighting or other optimization goals while still meeting performance requirements.

[0003] One of the design principles of wind turbines is lightweight materials. Lightweight wind turbines are well-suited for offshore floating structures, capturing more natural wind energy. However, because floating wind turbines are subject to stronger winds at sea, they are more susceptible to high-level typhoons than land-based wind turbines. Furthermore, because the blades are long, the linear velocity at the outer ends of the blades is very high during rotation. If the blades rotate too quickly, there is a risk of blade breakage.

[0004] Existing floating wind turbines usually use a thick blade main shaft with three wind blades set at the outer end of the blade main shaft. Then a brake pad is fixed on the blade main shaft, and a brake device is fixed on it. The two sets of brake pads of this brake device are attached to the outer ring of the brake pad. Then, through the speed feedback of the blade main shaft, if the speed is too high, the brake device is activated to slow down the blade main shaft through the brake pad, achieving a deceleration effect when the blade main shaft rotates too fast.

[0005] The aforementioned braking device is similar to the braking system in automobiles. Both systems adjust the tension of the two sets of brake pads by transmitting the movement of the brake plate to the central connecting structure. The translational movement of the brake plate is then converted into a process for adjusting the tension of the two sets of brake pads. Therefore, by converting the wind force into the degree of translational movement and transmitting it to the brake plate, the tension of the brake effect can be adjusted.

[0006] The specific relationship between braking effect and air volume also requires simulation analysis. By determining the risk of blade breakage at different air volumes, the amount of braking friction required at the speed at which the blades experience breakage risk can be inferred. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method and device for verifying the simulation effect of a wind turbine set to address the problem that the fan blades of existing offshore floating wind turbines are prone to breakage due to excessive rotation speed caused by strong natural winds.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for verifying the simulation effect of a wind turbine generator system comprises the following steps: Import the wind turbine model that has been simulated and trained into the simulation software, and build a brake pad model on the main shaft of the wind turbine model. In the wind turbine model, the wind volume is input in sequence from small to large in the windward direction of the fan blades. After gradually increasing the wind volume, the load of the fan blades is analyzed to obtain the wind force that will cause the fan blades to break and the wind force is calculated as the dangerous wind volume. Find the typhoon level closest to the dangerous wind volume and mark it as level 1 dangerous typhoon level, mark the typhoon level that is 1 to 2 levels less than the level 1 dangerous typhoon level as the safe typhoon level, and mark the typhoon level that is N levels greater than the level 1 dangerous typhoon level as level 1+N dangerous typhoon level. The simulation obtains the blade main shaft speed under the safe typhoon level and marks it as the safe speed. The friction force is input at a fixed position on the outer edge of the brake pad model to hinder the rotation of the brake pad. The friction force required to reduce the blade main shaft to a safe speed under each 1+N level dangerous typhoon is simulated and analyzed and recorded as the 1+N level friction force. Based on the data of 1+N level friction corresponding to each 1+N level dangerous typhoon, a reduction device model was established, and the reduction device was placed on the edge of the brake pad. The simulation results were sequentially verified that the reduction device could reduce the blade main shaft to a safe speed under the 1+N level dangerous typhoon.

[0009] In the above-mentioned simulation effect verification method of a wind turbine, the typhoon level that is 2 levels less than the safety typhoon level is marked as an excessively safe typhoon level. The simulation obtains the rotational speed of the blade main shaft under the safety typhoon level and marks it as an excessively safe rotational speed. After the deceleration device reduces the speed of the blade main shaft, it will not be lower than the excessively safe rotational speed.

[0010] In the above-mentioned method for verifying the simulation effect of a wind turbine, the deceleration device has a wind volume detection function. When it detects that the wind volume is lower than the safe typhoon level, the deceleration device does not frictionally decelerate the brake pad. When it detects that the wind volume is at the 1+N level dangerous typhoon level, the friction force applied to the brake pad model by the deceleration device is close to the 1+N level friction force.

[0011] In the above-mentioned simulation effect verification method for a wind turbine generator system, the brake pad model is subjected to strength simulation analysis before being established.

[0012] In the above-mentioned simulation effect verification method of a wind turbine generator system, the level 1 dangerous typhoon level is a level 13 to 15 typhoon.

[0013] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention uses simulation technology to analyze the air volume at which the fan blades are at risk of breaking, and then analyzes the friction force during the deceleration process to verify the range of the relationship between the air volume and the deceleration friction force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of a reduction gear; Figure 2 is a second structural schematic diagram of the reduction gear; In the figure, 1. Adjusting shaft; 2. Fixed shaft; 3. Adjusting turntable; 4. Frame block; 5. Turning slide block; 6. Center block; 7. Straight-throwing rod; 8. Straight-throwing slot; 9. Throwing slide block; 10. Spring; 11. Frame rod; 12. Middle rod; 13. Front rod; 14. Rear rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0016] A method for verifying the simulation effect of a wind turbine generator system comprises the following steps: Import the wind turbine model that has been simulated and trained into the simulation software, and build a brake pad model on the main shaft of the wind turbine model. In the wind turbine model, the wind volume is input in sequence from small to large in the windward direction of the fan blades. After gradually increasing the wind volume, the load of the fan blades is analyzed to obtain the wind force that will cause the fan blades to break and the wind force is calculated as the dangerous wind volume. Find the typhoon level closest to the dangerous wind volume and mark it as level 1 dangerous typhoon level, mark the typhoon level that is 1 to 2 levels less than the level 1 dangerous typhoon level as the safe typhoon level, and mark the typhoon level that is N levels greater than the level 1 dangerous typhoon level as level 1+N dangerous typhoon level. The simulation obtains the blade main shaft speed under the safe typhoon level and marks it as the safe speed. The friction force is input at a fixed position on the outer edge of the brake pad model to hinder the rotation of the brake pad. The friction force required to reduce the blade main shaft to a safe speed under each 1+N level dangerous typhoon is simulated and analyzed and recorded as the 1+N level friction force. Based on the data of 1+N level friction corresponding to each 1+N level dangerous typhoon, a reduction device model was established, and the reduction device was placed on the edge of the brake pad. The simulation results were sequentially verified that the reduction device could reduce the blade main shaft to a safe speed under the 1+N level dangerous typhoon.

[0017] In addition, the typhoon level that is 2 levels less than the safety typhoon level is marked as an excessive safety typhoon level. The simulation obtains the speed of the blade main shaft under the safety typhoon level and marks it as an excessive safety speed. After the reduction device reduces the speed of the blade main shaft, it will not be lower than the excessive safety speed.

[0018] Among them, the deceleration device has the function of wind volume detection. When it detects that the wind volume is lower than the safe typhoon level, the deceleration device will not reduce the friction of the brake pad. When it detects that the wind volume is at the 1+N level dangerous typhoon level, the friction force applied to the brake pad model by the deceleration device is close to the 1+N level friction force.

[0019] For example: If the typhoon level closest to the dangerous wind volume is a level 15 typhoon, then the level 15 typhoon will be marked as a level 1 dangerous typhoon, the level 14 typhoon, which is one level less than the level 1 dangerous typhoon, will be marked as a safe typhoon, and the typhoon that is N levels larger than the level 1 dangerous typhoon will be marked as a level 1+N dangerous typhoon. A level 16 typhoon will be a level 2 dangerous typhoon, a level 17 typhoon will be a level 3 dangerous typhoon, and a level 18 typhoon will be a level 4 dangerous typhoon. Typhoons above level 18 are very rare and can be ignored.

[0020] The simulation obtains the speed of the blade main shaft under the safe typhoon and marks it as the safe speed X.

[0021] Friction force is input at a fixed position on the outer edge of the brake pad model to hinder the rotation of the brake pad. The friction force required to reduce the blade main shaft to a safe speed under different levels of dangerous typhoons is simulated and analyzed, and the corresponding friction force is recorded. A level 1 dangerous typhoon requires a friction force of magnitude A, a level 2 dangerous typhoon requires a friction force of magnitude B, a level 3 dangerous typhoon requires a friction force of magnitude C, and a level 4 dangerous typhoon requires a friction force of magnitude D.

[0022] A 13-level typhoon with a safety level of 2 less is marked as an excessively safe typhoon level. The speed of the blade main shaft under the safety typhoon level is obtained by simulation and marked as an excessively safe speed Y.

[0023] A deceleration device model was established. The deceleration device automatically adjusted the friction force on the brake pads according to the typhoon wind volume to achieve different deceleration effects. The stronger the wind, the greater the deceleration friction force. Moreover, under a level 1 dangerous typhoon, the friction force applied to the brake pads by the deceleration device is close to A, under a level 2 dangerous typhoon, the friction force applied to the brake pads by the deceleration device is close to B, under a level 3 dangerous typhoon, the friction force applied to the brake pads by the deceleration device is close to C, and under a level 4 dangerous typhoon, the friction force applied to the brake pads by the deceleration device is close to D.

[0024] The effect of the deceleration device on reducing the blade main shaft to a safe speed under different levels of dangerous typhoons is simulated in sequence, so that the blade main shaft speed is lower than X. In addition, the deceleration device will not reduce the blade main shaft speed below the excessive safety speed Y.

[0025] The simulation software mentioned above can be any one of OpenFOAM, ANSYS Fluent / CFX, ANSYS Mechanical, MATLAB / Simulink, and SIMPACK.

[0026] A speed reduction device used in conjunction with a wind turbine simulation effect verification method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a base fixed on the internal bracket of the wind turbine body, a transmission fixed on the base, a detection shaft rotatably set on the base, a detection blade fixedly set at the end of the detection shaft, an adjustment shaft 1 rotatably set on the base, an adjustment dial 3 fixedly sleeved on the adjustment shaft 1, a frame block 4 fixedly sleeved on the adjustment shaft 1 and staggered from the adjustment dial 3, a fixed shaft 2 fixedly set on the base and coaxial with the adjustment shaft 1 and staggered, and a sliding block 5 rotatably and slidably set on the fixed shaft 2; The detection blades are aligned with the direction of the wind turbine blades. After capturing the wind, the detection blades drive the detection shaft to rotate. The detection shaft inputs the rotational power to the transmission, and the transmission outputs the speed change to the adjustment shaft 1. The adjusting dial 3 is fixed with a center block 6 on the center of the side facing the fixed axis 2, and a straight-throwing rod 7 is fixed on the center block 6. The adjusting dial 3 is also provided with a straight-throwing groove 8 on the side facing the fixed axis 2. The straight-throwing rod 7 and the straight-throwing groove 8 are collinear and located on the radius line of the adjusting dial 3. A slider 9 is provided for sliding in the straight-throwing groove 8. The slider 9 is docked with the straight-throwing rod 7 through a spring 10. In the absence of external force, the spring 10 pulls the slider 9 from the straight-throwing groove 8 to the position closest to the center block 6. After the adjusting dial 3 rotates fast enough, it moves to the left. Under the action of centrifugal force, the slider 9 is thrown out from the straight throwing groove 8 and away from the center block 6. At the same time, the spring 10 is stretched. A frame rod 11 is fixed on the frame block 4. The frame rod 11 is in the same plane as the straight throwing rod 7. A middle rod 12 is flipped on the frame rod 11. The two ends of the middle rod 12 are respectively provided with a front hole and a rear hole. A front rod 13 is telescopically provided in the front hole, and a rear rod 14 is telescopically provided in the rear hole. The middle position of the middle rod 12 is rotatably connected to the frame rod 11, and the end of the front rod 13 is rotatably docked with the slider 9, and the end of the rear rod 14 is rotatably docked with the rotating slider 5.

[0027] The straight-swing rod 7, straight-swing groove 8, swing slider 9, spring 10, frame rod 11, middle rod 12, front rod 13, and rear rod 14 form a set of swing structures. The deceleration device has multiple sets of swing structures and is distributed in a centrally symmetrical form.

[0028] The shapes of the detection shaft and detection blades are similar to the miniaturized blade main shaft and blade main shaft. Because they need to capture wind, part of the detection shaft and the detection blades are exposed on the outside of the wind turbine. Because of their mediocre structure, they are not shown in the diagram. The transmission is also a conventional object and is not shown in the diagram. The base acts as a bracket and is not shown in the diagram.

[0029] The objects in the reduction gear that can move relative to the base, a fixed reference object, are as follows: the adjusting shaft 1 can only rotate, so the adjusting dial 3, the adjusting dial 3 and the frame block 4 fixed to the adjusting shaft 1 can also rotate synchronously with the adjusting shaft 1; the fixed shaft 2 is fixed and cannot move; the rotating slider 5 can both slide linearly and rotate; the straight slider can only slide linearly.

[0030] The speed reduction device operates as follows: After the detection blades capture the wind, they drive the detection shaft to rotate. The speed of the detection shaft will be input into the transmission, and then transmitted to the adjustment shaft 1 after the speed change of the transmission. The adjustment shaft 1 then transmits the rotational motion to the adjustment dial 3 and the frame block 4.

[0031] After the swinging slider 9 moves in the straight swinging slot 8, the front rod 13 flips, and the front rod 13 will expand and contract relative to the middle rod 12. The middle rod 12 flips relative to the frame rod 11 due to the flipping of the front rod 13. Finally, after the rear rod 14 expands and contracts and flips, the final situation is that the rotating slider 5 moves on the fixed shaft 2. During this process, the swinging slider 9, the frame rod 11, the middle rod 12, the front rod 13, and the rear rod 14 are always rotating together with the rotation of the adjustment shaft 1, so the rotating slider 5 connected to the rear rod 14 is also rotating synchronously. However, in addition to the ability to rotate, the rotating slider 5 also has the ability to slide synchronously, so the rotating slider 5 will move while rotating. What the present invention wants is this movement process of the rotating slider 5, because the movement process of the rotating slider 5 is to output linear motion, and this linear motion can be fed back to the brake plate to adjust the braking effect of the two sets of brake pads.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, when the air volume is still within a reasonable range, the detection shaft rotates slowly, so the adjustment shaft 1 also rotates slowly, and the centripetal force generated by the swinging slider 9 is not enough to overcome the pulling force of the spring 10 on the swinging slider 9, so the swinging slider 9 is always located at the position closest to the center block 6, and the rotating slider 5 is also at the outermost end. At this time, the position of the brake plate that is preset to dock with the straight slider makes the two sets of brake pads not apply braking force to the brake pads.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, when the air volume reaches a certain level and the fan blades may be at risk of breaking, the detection shaft rotates fast, so the speed of the adjustment shaft 1 is also fast enough. The centripetal force generated by the slider 9 can overcome the tension of the slider 9 given by the spring 10, and the slider 9 will be thrown outward, causing the rotating slider 5 to gradually move toward the inner end. At this time, the brake plate moves along with the straight slider, and the two sets of brake pads begin to tighten gradually. The two sets of brake pads will produce a braking effect on the brake pads to slow down the blade main shaft. The deceleration effect is completely determined by the air volume. The smaller the air volume, the greater the centripetal force generated by the slider 9, and the slider 9 is thrown farther, so the braking effect is also greater.

[0034] It should be understood that in the claims and description of the present invention, all "including..." should be understood as open-ended, that is, its meaning is equivalent to "at least containing...", and should not be understood as closed-ended, that is, its meaning should not be understood as "only including...".

[0035] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art may make various modifications, additions, or substitutions to the described specific embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention or exceeding the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for verifying the simulation effect of a wind turbine generator system, comprising the following steps: Import the wind turbine model that has been simulated and trained into the simulation software, and build a brake pad model on the main shaft of the wind turbine model. In the wind turbine model, the wind volume is input in sequence from small to large in the windward direction of the fan blades. After gradually increasing the wind volume, the load of the fan blades is analyzed to obtain the wind force that will cause the fan blades to break and the wind force is calculated as the dangerous wind volume. Find the typhoon level closest to the dangerous wind volume and mark it as level 1 dangerous typhoon level, mark the typhoon level that is 1 to 2 levels less than the level 1 dangerous typhoon level as the safe typhoon level, and mark the typhoon level that is N levels greater than the level 1 dangerous typhoon level as level 1+N dangerous typhoon level. The simulation obtains the blade main shaft speed under the safe typhoon level and marks it as the safe speed. The friction force is input at a fixed position on the outer edge of the brake pad model to hinder the rotation of the brake pad. The friction force required to reduce the blade main shaft to a safe speed under each 1+N level dangerous typhoon is simulated and analyzed and recorded as the 1+N level friction force. Based on the data of 1+N level friction corresponding to each 1+N level dangerous typhoon, a reduction device model was established, and the reduction device was placed on the edge of the brake pad. The simulation results were sequentially verified that the reduction device could reduce the blade main shaft to a safe speed under the 1+N level dangerous typhoon.

2. The method for verifying the simulation effect of a wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The typhoon level that is 2 levels less than the safety typhoon level is marked as an excessively safe typhoon level. The simulation obtains the speed of the blade main shaft under the safety typhoon level and marks it as an excessively safe speed. After the deceleration device reduces the speed of the blade main shaft, it will not be lower than the excessively safe speed.

3. The method for verifying the simulation effect of a wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein: The deceleration device has an air volume detection function. When it detects that the air volume is lower than the safe typhoon level, the deceleration device does not frictionally decelerate the brake pad. When it detects that the air volume is at the 1+N level dangerous typhoon level, the friction force applied to the brake pad model by the deceleration device is close to the 1+N level friction force.

4. A wind turbine simulation effect verification method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The brake pad model is first subjected to strength simulation analysis when it is established.

5. A wind turbine simulation effect verification method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The level 1 dangerous typhoon is a type of typhoon ranging from level 13 to level 15.

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