Intelligent inspection operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power station

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of visual monitoring, in particular to an intelligent inspection operation and maintenance system for a photovoltaic power station, and the system obtains the surface point cloud data of each photovoltaic panel through an inspection visual collection end, and constructs the tendency vectors of a plurality of rectangular sub-regions and the contour vectors of a frame contour region. An intelligent analysis module judges whether the inclination angle form stable state of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal or not according to the result under the first comparison rule, determines the inclination angle form influence trend according to the result under the second comparison rule, and determines extraction analysis parameters of operation and maintenance data through an operation and maintenance management module; and according to the analysis result of the extracted analysis parameters, whether the maintenance work order is generated for the photovoltaic panel is determined, so that accurate quantification of the inclination angle form of the photovoltaic panel is realized, deformation trend division of the photovoltaic panel with a slight deformation trend is carried out in time, and the scientificity of data driving decision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of visual monitoring technology, and in particular to an intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for a photovoltaic power station. Background Art

[0002] During the long-term operation of photovoltaic power stations, photovoltaic panels are affected by factors such as material aging, bracket settlement, and extreme weather, and are prone to local or overall deformation, resulting in reduced light absorption efficiency. It may also cause problems such as shadow obstruction and hot spot effect. Traditional inspection methods rely on manual observation or two-dimensional image analysis, and are unable to timely analyze deformation types and impact trends, resulting in a lack of targeted operation and maintenance strategies and inefficient resource allocation. At the same time, existing technologies make it difficult to build a scientific operation and maintenance decision-making model, and operation and maintenance costs remain high. Therefore, a high-precision, intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system is urgently needed.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent publication number: CN118247234A, the invention discloses a photovoltaic module point hot spot detection method and system based on local difference measurement. First, the pre-screening segmentation threshold is calculated based on the global grayscale statistics of the infrared image to achieve pre-screening of point hot spots; secondly, a local block image structure is constructed with each pre-screening pixel point as the center, and a local difference measurement is constructed according to the grayscale distribution difference between the point hot spot and the neighborhood background; then, a secondary screening segmentation threshold is designed based on the constructed local difference measurement to segment the point hot spots; finally, neighborhood fusion is performed according to the position information of the point hot spot distribution to avoid repeated detection of point hot spots on the same component module.

[0004] The following problems also exist in the prior art:

[0005] Existing technologies cannot accurately quantify the tilt angle of photovoltaic panels, and cannot timely classify the deformation trends of photovoltaic panels with slight deformation trends, which affects the scientific and refined operation and maintenance decisions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides an intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power stations to overcome the problems that the existing technology cannot accurately quantify the inclination shape of photovoltaic panels and cannot timely classify the deformation trends of photovoltaic panels with slight deformation trends.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power stations, comprising:

[0008] The inspection visual acquisition terminal includes a scanning unit and a construction unit. The scanning unit is used to scan the photovoltaic panels and obtain surface point cloud data of each photovoltaic panel;

[0009] The construction unit constructs the inclination vectors of a plurality of rectangular sub-areas and the contour vector of the frame contour area according to the surface point cloud data;

[0010] an intelligent analysis module connected to the inspection visual acquisition terminal, configured to determine whether the tilt morphological stability state of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal based on the results of the plurality of inclination vectors and the contour vectors under a first comparison rule, and to determine the tilt morphological influence trend of the photovoltaic panel with abnormal tilt morphological stability based on the results of the plurality of inclination vectors under a second comparison rule;

[0011] The first comparison rule and the second comparison rule have different numbers of vectors involved in the comparison and different positions of the rectangular sub-regions where the vectors are located;

[0012] an operation and maintenance management module connected to the intelligent analysis module, configured to determine extraction and analysis parameters for operation and maintenance data based on the inclination morphology influence trend, and determine whether to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel based on the analysis results of the extracted analysis parameters;

[0013] The extracted analysis parameters include the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the key impact period of the historical meteorological data and the temperature distribution difference of each rectangular sub-area.

[0014] Furthermore, the construction unit is used to construct a tendency vector of a rectangular sub-region, wherein:

[0015] The construction unit obtains vertex coordinates of each rectangular sub-region, constructs a normal vector of the plane within the plane determined according to the vertex coordinates of the rectangular sub-region, and determines the normal vector as an inclination vector of the rectangular sub-region.

[0016] Furthermore, the construction unit is used to construct a contour vector of the frame contour area, wherein:

[0017] The construction unit obtains vertex coordinates of the frame outline area of the photovoltaic panel, constructs a normal vector of the plane determined according to the vertex coordinates of the frame outline area, and determines the normal vector as an outline vector of the frame outline area.

[0018] Furthermore, the intelligent analysis module is used to obtain the results of a plurality of tendency vectors and profile vectors under the first comparison rule, wherein:

[0019] The intelligent analysis module determines the vector obtained by adding the tendency vectors of all rectangular sub-areas as a joint characterization tendency vector, and determines the vector angle between the joint characterization tendency vector and the contour vector as the result of several tendency vectors and contour vectors under the first comparison rule.

[0020] Furthermore, the intelligent analysis module is used to determine whether the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel is stable or not, wherein:

[0021] If the vector angle does not meet the tilt angle morphology stability determination condition, the intelligent analysis module determines that the tilt angle morphology stability state of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal;

[0022] The inclination shape stability determination condition is that the vector angle does not exceed a preset vector angle threshold.

[0023] Furthermore, the intelligent analysis module obtains the results of several inclination vectors under the second comparison rule in response to the determination result that the inclination morphology of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal.

[0024] The intelligent analysis module selects a plurality of rectangular sub-regions located at the edge of the frame outline region, determines the angle between the inclination vectors of any two of the plurality of rectangular sub-regions, and determines the angle standard deviation of the plurality of angles as the edge morphological stability;

[0025] The intelligent analysis module selects a plurality of rectangular sub-regions located at non-edge positions of the frame outline region, determines the angle between the inclination vectors of any two of the plurality of rectangular sub-regions, and determines the angle standard deviation of the plurality of angles as the non-edge morphological stability;

[0026] The intelligent analysis module determines the absolute value of the difference between the edge morphological stability and the non-edge morphological stability as a result of a plurality of tendency vectors under a second comparison rule.

[0027] Furthermore, the intelligent analysis module is used to determine the inclination shape influence trend of the photovoltaic panel, wherein:

[0028] If the absolute value of the difference does not exceed the preset difference reference value, the intelligent analysis module determines that the inclination shape influence trend of the photovoltaic panel is the first inclination shape influence trend;

[0029] If the absolute value of the difference exceeds a preset difference reference value, the intelligent analysis module determines that the inclination shape influence trend of the photovoltaic panel is the second inclination shape influence trend.

[0030] Furthermore, the operation and maintenance management module determines the extraction and analysis parameters of the operation and maintenance data, wherein:

[0031] If the inclination shape influence trend of the photovoltaic panel is the first inclination shape influence trend, the extraction and analysis parameter determined by the operation and maintenance management module is the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the key influence period in the historical meteorological data;

[0032] If the inclination shape influence trend of the photovoltaic panel is the second inclination shape influence trend, the extraction analysis parameter determined by the operation and maintenance management module is the temperature distribution difference of each rectangular sub-area in the key influence period in the historical meteorological data.

[0033] Furthermore, the operation and maintenance management module is used to determine whether to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel based on the photoelectric conversion efficiency, wherein:

[0034] The operation and maintenance management module selects a key wind impact period according to the wind force level in the historical meteorological data, and determines the absolute value of the difference between the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel and the preset photoelectric conversion efficiency during the key wind impact period;

[0035] According to the result that the absolute value of the efficiency difference exceeds a preset efficiency difference threshold, the operation and maintenance management module determines to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel.

[0036] Furthermore, the operation and maintenance management module is used to determine whether to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel according to the temperature distribution difference, wherein:

[0037] The operation and maintenance management module selects a critical light-impact period according to the light intensity level in the historical meteorological data, and determines a surface temperature standard deviation of each rectangular sub-area of the photovoltaic panel within the critical light-impact period, and determines the surface temperature standard deviation as the temperature distribution difference;

[0038] According to the result that the temperature distribution difference exceeds a preset temperature distribution difference threshold, the operation and maintenance management module determines to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention lies in that the present invention obtains the surface point cloud data of each photovoltaic panel through the inspection visual acquisition terminal, and constructs the inclination vectors of several rectangular sub-areas and the contour vectors of the frame contour area, and determines whether the inclination morphological stability state of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal according to the results under the first comparison rule through the intelligent analysis module, and determines the inclination morphological influence trend according to the results under the second comparison rule, and determines the extraction and analysis parameters of the operation and maintenance data through the operation and maintenance management module, and determines whether to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel according to the analysis results of the extracted analysis parameters, thereby achieving accurate quantification of the inclination morphology of the photovoltaic panel and timely classification of the deformation trend of the photovoltaic panel with a slight deformation trend, thereby improving the scientific nature of data-driven decision-making.

[0040] Furthermore, the present invention constructs normal vectors as inclination vectors and contour vectors by obtaining the vertex coordinates of the rectangular sub-areas and the frame contour areas, which can accurately describe the directional characteristics of different areas of the photovoltaic panel from a geometric perspective. This vector-based representation method can more accurately capture the inclination information of the photovoltaic panel, and thus achieve accurate quantification of the inclination morphology of the photovoltaic panel.

[0041] Furthermore, the present invention adds the inclination vectors of all rectangular sub-areas to obtain a joint characterization inclination vector, and then calculates the angle with the contour vector. The inclination morphological stability state of the photovoltaic panel is determined by comparing it with a preset vector angle threshold. This method can comprehensively consider the inclination information of each sub-area of the photovoltaic panel, and judge whether the inclination angle of the panel is in a stable state as a whole, thereby realizing the timely detection of photovoltaic panels with a slight deformation tendency.

[0042] Furthermore, the present invention divides the inclination morphology influence trends of photovoltaic panels into two categories by calculating the absolute value of the difference between edge morphology stability and non-edge morphology stability. When the absolute value of the difference does not exceed the reference value, it is judged to be a problem of insufficient fastening force caused by loose frame; when the difference exceeds the reference value, it is identified as an internal extrusion and deformation problem caused by frame deformation. The difference in morphology stability between edge and non-edge positions reflects the structural changes at different positions, thereby improving the scientific nature of data-driven decision-making.

[0043] Furthermore, when the photovoltaic panel presents the first influencing trend of the inclination shape, the present invention preferentially extracts the photoelectric conversion efficiency within the key influencing period in the historical meteorological data, because wind power is the key environmental factor affecting the inclination angle and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel under the loose framework. By screening the key influencing periods of wind power, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is associated with the wind power change, and the impact characteristics of the potential structural problems are significantly amplified. Based on the comparison results of the absolute value of the efficiency difference and the threshold, the intelligent generation of maintenance work orders is realized. For panels with a large impact on power generation efficiency, resources are concentrated for rapid operation and maintenance, which improves the utilization efficiency of operation and maintenance resources and improves the scientific nature of data-driven decision-making.

[0044] Furthermore, in the present invention, when the photovoltaic panel presents the second influence trend of the tilt shape, that is, when the frame deformation causes internal extrusion, the internal extrusion caused by the frame deformation changes the current transmission path of the photovoltaic panel, resulting in an increase in local resistance. Under strong light irradiation, this resistance difference will be amplified to form a significant hot spot effect. By analyzing the temperature standard deviation of each rectangular sub-area during the critical illumination period, this uneven heating phenomenon can be keenly captured. Compared with traditional temperature monitoring methods, this method can more accurately locate subtle temperature anomaly areas. Furthermore, by screening the temperature data during the high light intensity period, the impact of structural anomalies on the temperature field can be effectively amplified, and the potential frame deformation problem can be converted into an intuitive temperature difference indicator, thereby realizing the associated diagnosis of structural deformation and improving the scientific nature of data-driven decision-making. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of an intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for a photovoltaic power station according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a logic flow chart of the intelligent analysis module according to an embodiment of the present invention for determining whether the inclination angle morphological stability state is abnormal;

[0047] Figure 3 A logical flow chart for the intelligent analysis module to determine the trend of the influence of the inclination shape;

[0048] Figure 4 Determine the logical flow chart for extracting and analyzing parameters for the operation and maintenance management module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0050] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0052] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0053] See also Figure 1 As shown in FIG, which is a system block diagram of an intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for a photovoltaic power station according to an embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for a photovoltaic power station according to the present invention includes:

[0054] The inspection visual acquisition terminal includes a scanning unit and a construction unit. The scanning unit is used to scan the photovoltaic panels and obtain surface point cloud data of each photovoltaic panel;

[0055] Specifically, the scanning unit in the present invention can be a three-dimensional laser scanner for obtaining point cloud data of photovoltaic panels. Three-dimensional laser scanners for obtaining point cloud data of object surfaces are widely used in application scenarios such as three-dimensional modeling and will not be described in detail here.

[0056] The construction unit constructs the inclination vectors of a plurality of rectangular sub-areas and the contour vector of the frame contour area according to the surface point cloud data;

[0057] Specifically, the construction unit in the present invention may be an image processor to construct and generate normal vectors for different regions, which will not be described in detail here.

[0058] an intelligent analysis module connected to the inspection visual acquisition terminal, configured to determine whether the tilt morphological stability state of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal based on the results of the plurality of inclination vectors and the contour vectors under a first comparison rule, and to determine the tilt morphological influence trend of the photovoltaic panel with abnormal tilt morphological stability based on the results of the plurality of inclination vectors under a second comparison rule;

[0059] The first comparison rule and the second comparison rule have different numbers of vectors involved in the comparison and different positions of the rectangular sub-regions where the vectors are located;

[0060] an operation and maintenance management module connected to the intelligent analysis module, configured to determine extraction and analysis parameters for operation and maintenance data based on the inclination morphology influence trend, and determine whether to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel based on the analysis results of the extracted analysis parameters;

[0061] The extracted analysis parameters include the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the key impact period of the historical meteorological data and the temperature distribution difference of each rectangular sub-area.

[0062] Specifically, the present invention does not limit the structure of the intelligent analysis module and the operation and maintenance management module. The intelligent analysis module and the operation and maintenance management module can be composed of logical components. The logical components can be field programmable logic components, microprocessors, processors used in computers, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0063] Specifically, the first comparison rule and the second comparison rule may be related algorithms for data analysis and comparison pre-stored in the intelligent analysis module, which will not be described in detail here.

[0064] Specifically, the maintenance work order in the present invention includes the positioning information of the photovoltaic panel that needs to be repaired. During implementation, the operation and maintenance management module can send the positioning information of the photovoltaic panel that needs to be repaired to the display terminal for easy viewing by the operation and maintenance personnel. The positioning information can be the pre-set row and column number of the photovoltaic panel, which will not be repeated here.

[0065] Specifically, the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the present invention = (output electrical power / optical power) × 100%, where the output electrical power is equal to the product of the measured current and voltage, and the optical power is determined by the sunlight sensor. The optical power can be determined by the product of the light intensity and the effective area of the photovoltaic panel. The unit of light intensity is W / m 2 , the unit of effective area of photovoltaic panel is m 2 .

[0066] Specifically, the present invention may use an infrared temperature monitor to monitor the temperature of the rectangular sub-area, which will not be described in detail here.

[0067] Specifically, the construction unit is used to construct the inclination vector of the rectangular sub-region, wherein:

[0068] The construction unit obtains vertex coordinates of each rectangular sub-region, constructs a normal vector of the plane within the plane determined according to the vertex coordinates of the rectangular sub-region, and determines the normal vector as an inclination vector of the rectangular sub-region.

[0069] For example, any diagonal line of the rectangular sub-region can be used to divide the rectangular sub-region into two triangular sub-regions. According to the vertex coordinates of the triangle A(x1, y1, z1), B(x2, y2, z2), and C(x3, y3, z3), two vectors are determined with vertex A as the starting point of the vector and vertex B and vertex C as the end points of the vector respectively. The normal vector, which is the normal vector of the triangle, is obtained by the cross product operation of the two vectors. The normal vectors of the two triangular sub-regions are determined respectively, and the vector obtained by adding the normal vectors of the two triangular sub-regions is determined as the inclination vector of the rectangular sub-region.

[0070] Specifically, the construction unit is used to construct the contour vector of the frame contour area, wherein:

[0071] The construction unit obtains vertex coordinates of the frame outline area of the photovoltaic panel, constructs a normal vector of the plane determined according to the vertex coordinates of the frame outline area, and determines the normal vector as an outline vector of the frame outline area.

[0072] For example, the frame outline area may be divided into two triangular areas by the diagonal lines of the entire photovoltaic panel, and a vector obtained by adding the normal vectors of the two triangular areas is determined as the outline vector of the frame outline area.

[0073] Specifically, the present invention constructs normal vectors as inclination vectors and contour vectors by obtaining the vertex coordinates of rectangular sub-areas and frame contour areas, which can accurately describe the directional characteristics of different areas of the photovoltaic panel from a geometric perspective. This vector-based representation method can more accurately capture the inclination information of the photovoltaic panel, and realize the precise quantification of the inclination morphology of the photovoltaic panel.

[0074] Specifically, the intelligent analysis module is used to obtain the results of a plurality of tendency vectors and contour vectors under the first comparison rule, wherein:

[0075] The intelligent analysis module determines the vector obtained by adding the tendency vectors of all rectangular sub-areas as a joint characterization tendency vector, and determines the vector angle between the joint characterization tendency vector and the contour vector as the result of several tendency vectors and contour vectors under the first comparison rule.

[0076] Specifically, see Figure 2 As shown, it is a logic flow chart of the intelligent analysis module of an embodiment of the present invention for determining whether the tilt angle morphological stability state is abnormal. The intelligent analysis module is used to determine whether the tilt angle morphological stability state of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal, wherein:

[0077] If the vector angle meets the inclination shape stability judgment condition, the intelligent analysis module determines that the inclination shape stability state of the photovoltaic panel is normal;

[0078] If the vector angle does not meet the tilt angle morphology stability determination condition, the intelligent analysis module determines that the tilt angle morphology stability state of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal;

[0079] The inclination shape stability determination condition is that the vector angle does not exceed a preset vector angle threshold.

[0080] In implementation, the preset vector angle threshold can be set by technical personnel in this field according to inspection requirements. If the value of the vector angle threshold is too small, it will lead to misjudgment of the difference in photovoltaic panel installation size within the normal range. If the value of the vector angle threshold is too large, it will miss the abnormal situation of photovoltaic panel installation size difference. Based on this, the value range of the vector angle threshold can be [3°, 8°]. Preferably, the value of the vector angle threshold is 5°.

[0081] It can be understood that the construction unit obtains the vertex coordinates of the rectangular sub-region to determine a plane, and the normal vector of the plane is defined as the inclination vector of the rectangular sub-region. Because the normal vector is perpendicular to the plane, the inclination vector can characterize the directional characteristics of the plane where the rectangular sub-region is located, reflecting the tilt state of the sub-region in space. The contour vector represents the direction of the plane determined by the contour of the entire photovoltaic panel frame, and is a macroscopic representation of the overall tilt state of the photovoltaic panel. If the vector angle actually calculated exceeds the threshold, it indicates that there is a large difference between the local tilt of the photovoltaic panel and the overall tilt, and the tilt morphological stability of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal.

[0082] Specifically, the present invention adds the inclination vectors of all rectangular sub-areas to obtain a joint characterization inclination vector, then calculates the angle with the contour vector, and determines the stability state of the inclination morphology of the photovoltaic panel by comparing it with a preset vector angle threshold. This method can comprehensively consider the inclination information of each sub-area of the photovoltaic panel, and judge whether the inclination angle of the panel is in a stable state from the overall perspective, thereby realizing the timely detection of photovoltaic panels with a slight deformation tendency.

[0083] Specifically, the intelligent analysis module obtains the results of several inclination vectors under the second comparison rule in response to the determination result that the inclination morphology of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal.

[0084] The intelligent analysis module selects a plurality of rectangular sub-regions located at the edge of the frame outline region, determines the angle between the inclination vectors of any two of the plurality of rectangular sub-regions, and determines the angle standard deviation of the plurality of angles as the edge morphological stability;

[0085] The intelligent analysis module selects a plurality of rectangular sub-regions located at non-edge positions of the frame outline region, determines the angle between the inclination vectors of any two of the plurality of rectangular sub-regions, and determines the angle standard deviation of the plurality of angles as the non-edge morphological stability;

[0086] The intelligent analysis module determines the absolute value of the difference between the edge morphological stability and the non-edge morphological stability as a result of a plurality of tendency vectors under a second comparison rule.

[0087] Specifically, in the present invention, the several rectangular sub-regions at the edge positions of the frame contour area are a circle of rectangular sub-regions along the edge of the frame contour, and the several rectangular sub-regions at the non-edge positions of the frame contour area are all rectangular sub-regions in the frame contour area except the circle of rectangular sub-regions along the edge of the frame contour.

[0088] Specifically, see Figure 3 As shown, it is a logic flow chart of the intelligent analysis module determining the trend of the influence of the inclination shape, wherein the intelligent analysis module is used to determine the trend of the influence of the inclination shape of the photovoltaic panel, wherein:

[0089] If the absolute value of the difference does not exceed the preset difference reference value, the intelligent analysis module determines that the inclination shape influence trend of the photovoltaic panel is the first inclination shape influence trend;

[0090] If the absolute value of the difference exceeds a preset difference reference value, the intelligent analysis module determines that the inclination shape influence trend of the photovoltaic panel is the second inclination shape influence trend.

[0091] In implementation, the preset difference reference value has a value range of [0.3°, 0.8°]. Preferably, the difference reference value has a value of 0.5°.

[0092] It is understandable that the frame contour area is divided into rectangular sub-areas at the edge and non-edge positions because the edges of photovoltaic panels are easily affected by environmental stress, while the non-edge areas reflect more internal structural changes. In the second comparison rule, the absolute value of the difference between the edge and non-edge morphological stability is compared, which is actually to judge the degree of difference between the edge and internal stability of the panel. When the absolute value of the difference does not exceed the preset reference value, it indicates that the stability difference between the edge and non-edge areas is small, that is, the tilt angle change is relatively uniform on the entire panel. When the difference exceeds the reference value, it indicates that the stability difference between the edge and non-edge areas is significant, and there may be local frame deformation, resulting in extrusion of the interior, which in turn causes internal tilt anomalies, thereby achieving effective identification of different types of tilt morphological anomalies and their causes.

[0093] Specifically, the present invention divides the inclination morphology influence trends of photovoltaic panels into two categories by calculating the absolute value of the difference between edge morphology stability and non-edge morphology stability. When the absolute value of the difference does not exceed the reference value, it is judged to be a problem of insufficient fastening force caused by loose frame; when the difference exceeds the reference value, it is identified as an internal extrusion and deformation problem caused by frame deformation. The difference in morphological stability between edge and non-edge positions reflects the structural changes at different positions, thereby improving the scientific nature of data-driven decision-making.

[0094] Specifically, see Figure 4As shown, it is a logical flow chart of the operation and maintenance management module determining the extraction and analysis parameters, wherein the operation and maintenance management module determines the extraction and analysis parameters of the operation and maintenance data,

[0095] If the inclination shape influence trend of the photovoltaic panel is the first inclination shape influence trend, the extraction and analysis parameter determined by the operation and maintenance management module is the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the key influence period in the historical meteorological data;

[0096] If the inclination shape influence trend of the photovoltaic panel is the second inclination shape influence trend, the extraction analysis parameter determined by the operation and maintenance management module is the temperature distribution difference of each rectangular sub-area in the key influence period in the historical meteorological data.

[0097] Specifically, the operation and maintenance management module is used to determine whether to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel based on the photoelectric conversion efficiency, wherein:

[0098] The operation and maintenance management module selects a key wind impact period according to the wind force level in the historical meteorological data, and determines the absolute value of the difference between the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel and the preset photoelectric conversion efficiency during the key wind impact period;

[0099] According to the result that the absolute value of the efficiency difference exceeds a preset efficiency difference threshold, the operation and maintenance management module determines to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel.

[0100] Exemplarily, the present invention can filter the period when the wind force level exceeds level 5 as the key wind impact period, and obtain the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel with the first influencing trend of the inclination angle shape within the key wind impact period. The preset efficiency difference threshold can be the rated conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel. The value of the preset efficiency difference threshold P0 can be determined according to the rated conversion efficiency P of the photovoltaic panel, P0 = δ × P, δ is the value factor of the efficiency difference threshold, and the value range of δ is [0.08, 0.12]. Preferably, the value of δ is 0.1.

[0101] It is understandable that when the photovoltaic panel shows the first influencing trend of inclination angle, its structural stability decreases, making it more sensitive to external environmental factors, such as wind. According to structural mechanics theory, loose frames are more likely to vibrate or dynamically change in inclination under the action of wind, thereby affecting the light receiving angle of the photovoltaic panel. The principle of photovoltaic effect shows that the change in light receiving angle directly affects the photoelectric conversion efficiency. Therefore, there is an intrinsic correlation between wind and photoelectric conversion efficiency. By screening the key wind influence period, the amplified impact of environmental factors on unstable structural panels can be captured, and potential structural problems can be revealed through changes in photoelectric efficiency.

[0102] Specifically, when the photovoltaic panel presents the first influencing trend of the inclination shape, the present invention prioritizes the extraction of the photoelectric conversion efficiency within the key influencing period in the historical meteorological data, because wind is the key environmental factor affecting the inclination and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel under the loose framework. By screening the key influencing periods of wind, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is associated with the wind change, and the impact characteristics of the potential structural problems are significantly amplified. Based on the comparison results of the absolute value of the efficiency difference and the threshold, the intelligent generation of maintenance work orders is realized. For panels with a large impact on power generation efficiency, resources are concentrated for rapid operation and maintenance, which improves the utilization efficiency of operation and maintenance resources and the scientific nature of data-driven decision-making.

[0103] Specifically, the operation and maintenance management module is used to determine whether to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel according to the temperature distribution difference, wherein:

[0104] The operation and maintenance management module selects a critical light-impact period according to the light intensity level in the historical meteorological data, and determines a surface temperature standard deviation of each rectangular sub-area of the photovoltaic panel within the critical light-impact period, and determines the surface temperature standard deviation as the temperature distribution difference;

[0105] According to the result that the temperature distribution difference exceeds a preset temperature distribution difference threshold, the operation and maintenance management module determines to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel.

[0106] For example, the present invention can filter the period when the temperature of the photovoltaic panel exceeds 45°C as the key light-affected period, and obtain the temperature distribution difference of the photovoltaic panel with the second influence trend of the inclination angle in the key light-affected period. The value of the preset temperature distribution difference threshold T0 can be determined based on the average temperature T m To determine, T0 = ε × T m , ε is the value factor of the temperature distribution difference threshold, the value range of ε is [0.02, 0.1], and preferably, the value of ε is 0.05.

[0107] Specifically, when the photovoltaic panel presents the second influencing trend of the tilt shape, that is, when the frame deformation causes internal extrusion, the internal extrusion caused by the frame deformation changes the current transmission path of the photovoltaic panel, resulting in an increase in local resistance. Under strong light irradiation, this resistance difference will be amplified to form a significant hot spot effect. By analyzing the temperature standard deviation of each rectangular sub-area during the critical illumination period, this uneven heating phenomenon can be keenly captured. Compared with traditional temperature monitoring methods, this method can more accurately locate subtle temperature anomaly areas. Furthermore, by screening the temperature data during the high light intensity period, it can effectively amplify the impact of structural anomalies on the temperature field, and convert the potential frame deformation problem into an intuitive temperature difference indicator, thereby realizing the correlation diagnosis of structural deformation and improving the scientific nature of data-driven decision-making.

[0108] Thus far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0109] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power stations, characterized in that: include: The inspection visual acquisition terminal includes a scanning unit and a construction unit. The scanning unit is used to scan the photovoltaic panels and obtain surface point cloud data of each photovoltaic panel; The construction unit constructs the inclination vectors of a plurality of rectangular sub-areas and the contour vector of the frame contour area according to the surface point cloud data; an intelligent analysis module connected to the inspection visual acquisition terminal, configured to determine whether the tilt morphological stability state of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal based on the results of the plurality of inclination vectors and the contour vectors under a first comparison rule, and to determine the tilt morphological influence trend of the photovoltaic panel with abnormal tilt morphological stability based on the results of the plurality of inclination vectors under a second comparison rule; The first comparison rule and the second comparison rule have different numbers of vectors involved in the comparison and different positions of the rectangular sub-regions where the vectors are located; an operation and maintenance management module connected to the intelligent analysis module, configured to determine extraction and analysis parameters for operation and maintenance data based on the inclination morphology influence trend, and determine whether to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel based on the analysis results of the extracted analysis parameters; The extracted analysis parameters include the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the key impact period of the historical meteorological data and the temperature distribution difference of each rectangular sub-area.

2. The intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction unit is used to construct the inclination vector of the rectangular sub-region, wherein: The construction unit obtains vertex coordinates of each rectangular sub-region, constructs a normal vector of the plane within the plane determined according to the vertex coordinates of the rectangular sub-region, and determines the normal vector as an inclination vector of the rectangular sub-region.

3. The intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction unit is used to construct the contour vector of the frame contour area, wherein: The construction unit obtains vertex coordinates of the frame outline area of the photovoltaic panel, constructs a normal vector of the plane determined according to the vertex coordinates of the frame outline area, and determines the normal vector as an outline vector of the frame outline area.

4. The intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent analysis module is used to obtain the results of a plurality of tendency vectors and contour vectors under the first comparison rule, wherein: The intelligent analysis module determines the vector obtained by adding the tendency vectors of all rectangular sub-areas as a joint characterization tendency vector, and determines the vector angle between the joint characterization tendency vector and the contour vector as the result of several tendency vectors and contour vectors under the first comparison rule.

5. The intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power stations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intelligent analysis module is used to determine whether the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel is stable or not, wherein: If the vector angle does not meet the tilt angle morphology stability determination condition, the intelligent analysis module determines that the tilt angle morphology stability state of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal; The inclination shape stability determination condition is that the vector angle does not exceed a preset vector angle threshold.

6. The intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power stations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intelligent analysis module obtains the results of several inclination vectors under the second comparison rule in response to the determination result that the inclination shape stability state of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal, wherein: The intelligent analysis module selects a plurality of rectangular sub-regions located at the edge of the frame outline region, determines the angle between the inclination vectors of any two of the plurality of rectangular sub-regions, and determines the angle standard deviation of the plurality of angles as the edge morphological stability; The intelligent analysis module selects a plurality of rectangular sub-regions located at non-edge positions of the frame outline region, determines the angle between the inclination vectors of any two of the plurality of rectangular sub-regions, and determines the angle standard deviation of the plurality of angles as the non-edge morphological stability; The intelligent analysis module determines the absolute value of the difference between the edge morphological stability and the non-edge morphological stability as a result of a plurality of tendency vectors under a second comparison rule.

7. The intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power stations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The intelligent analysis module is used to determine the influence trend of the inclination shape of the photovoltaic panel, wherein: If the absolute value of the difference does not exceed the preset difference reference value, the intelligent analysis module determines that the inclination shape influence trend of the photovoltaic panel is the first inclination shape influence trend; If the absolute value of the difference exceeds a preset difference reference value, the intelligent analysis module determines that the inclination shape influence trend of the photovoltaic panel is the second inclination shape influence trend.

8. The intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power stations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The operation and maintenance management module determines the extraction and analysis parameters of the operation and maintenance data, wherein: If the inclination shape influence trend of the photovoltaic panel is the first inclination shape influence trend, the extraction and analysis parameter determined by the operation and maintenance management module is the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the key influence period in the historical meteorological data; If the inclination shape influence trend of the photovoltaic panel is the second inclination shape influence trend, the extraction analysis parameter determined by the operation and maintenance management module is the temperature distribution difference of each rectangular sub-area in the key influence period in the historical meteorological data.

9. The intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power stations according to claim 8, characterized in that: The operation and maintenance management module is used to determine whether to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel according to the photoelectric conversion efficiency, wherein: The operation and maintenance management module selects a key wind impact period according to the wind force level in the historical meteorological data, and determines the absolute value of the difference between the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel and the preset photoelectric conversion efficiency during the key wind impact period; According to the result that the absolute value of the efficiency difference exceeds a preset efficiency difference threshold, the operation and maintenance management module determines to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel.

10. The intelligent inspection and operation and maintenance system for photovoltaic power stations according to claim 8, characterized in that: The operation and maintenance management module is used to determine whether to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel according to the temperature distribution difference, wherein: The operation and maintenance management module selects a critical light-impact period according to the light intensity level in the historical meteorological data, and determines a surface temperature standard deviation of each rectangular sub-area of the photovoltaic panel within the critical light-impact period, and determines the surface temperature standard deviation as the temperature distribution difference; According to the result that the temperature distribution difference exceeds a preset temperature distribution difference threshold, the operation and maintenance management module determines to generate a maintenance work order for the photovoltaic panel.

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