Temperature equalization method and device and energy storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature equalization method and device and an energy storage system, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage power supplies, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a temperature equalization objective function through the difference between the surface temperature of a battery pack and the average temperature of the surface temperature, the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the environment temperature, and the power consumption of a temperature control part, determining constraint conditions according to the working temperature range of the battery pack, the power consumption upper limit of the temperature control component and the temperature difference limit; determining a to-be-adjusted battery pack according to a preset condition, the real-time environment temperature and the surface temperature of the battery pack; determining a temperature adjustment strategy of the to-be-adjusted battery pack based on the objective function and constraint conditions; and dynamically adjusting the temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted according to the temperature adjusting strategy. And constructing a target function through a plurality of correlation parameters related to the surface temperature of the battery pack, and determining the dynamic target temperature of each battery pack so as to realize the temperature equalization of the battery packs in the whole energy storage cabinet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, and in particular to a temperature equalization method, device and energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] In energy storage systems, the temperature of the energy storage cabinet is a significant factor influencing battery performance. Excessively high or low temperatures can lead to decreased battery capacity, reduced charge and discharge efficiency, thermal runaway, and even serious safety hazards such as fire or explosion. Therefore, maintaining a balanced temperature within the battery pack within the energy storage cabinet is crucial for improving overall performance. Furthermore, the rapid development of new energy technologies, particularly the widespread application of lithium-ion batteries in energy storage, has placed higher demands on temperature management within energy storage cabinets.

[0003] In existing technologies, the temperature inside the energy storage cabinet is regulated by designing a rational energy storage cabinet structure and materials, and by utilizing passive methods such as natural ventilation and heat sinks. While this method is simple and easy to implement, it is often difficult to achieve ideal temperature balancing due to environmental conditions and the design of the energy storage cabinet. With the development of technology, real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation of the temperature inside the energy storage cabinet are currently being implemented through technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence. While this method can achieve more precise temperature control, it is difficult to achieve temperature balancing for each battery pack. Even if the temperature of each battery pack is monitored and adjusted, this process requires high energy consumption and a huge amount of computation. In other words, the existing technology has a technical problem of being unable to accurately and efficiently control the temperature balancing of each battery pack in the energy storage cabinet.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a temperature balancing method that can solve the technical problem in the existing technology that the temperature of each battery pack in the energy storage cabinet cannot be accurately and efficiently balanced. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a temperature balancing method, device and energy storage system that can solve the technical problem of temperature control of a single battery pack to achieve efficient and accurate control of temperature balancing in an energy storage cabinet.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides, on the one hand, a temperature balancing method applied to an energy storage device, wherein the device includes an energy storage cabinet, multiple battery packs located in the energy storage cabinet, and temperature control components located around the battery packs. The method includes: The temperature balance objective function is constructed based on the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the average surface temperature, the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the ambient temperature, and the power consumption of the temperature control component. The constraints are determined based on the operating temperature range of the battery pack, the power consumption upper limit of the temperature control component, and the temperature difference limit. Determine the battery pack to be adjusted based on preset conditions, real-time ambient temperature and battery pack surface temperature; Determining a temperature regulation strategy for the battery pack to be regulated based on the objective function and the constraint conditions; Dynamically adjust the temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted according to the temperature adjustment strategy.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the temperature balance objective function is calculated as follows: , in, J is the objective function value, For the i Battery Pack t The target temperature at the moment, for t The average surface temperature of each battery pack at the moment, for t The ambient temperature at the moment, For the i Battery Pack t The power consumption of the temperature control components at all times, is the weight coefficient.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the constraints include constraints on the operating temperature range of the battery pack, constraints on the difference between the surface temperature of each battery pack and the average surface temperature, constraints on the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the ambient temperature, and constraints on the upper limit of the power consumption of the temperature control component.

[0009] In one possible implementation, determining the battery pack to be adjusted based on preset conditions, the real-time ambient temperature, and the battery pack surface temperature includes: Obtain the real-time ambient temperature of the energy storage cabinet and the surface temperature of each battery pack; Calculate the average surface temperature of all battery packs based on the surface temperature of the battery pack; Determining a safe temperature range of the battery pack according to the operating temperature range of the battery pack, wherein the safe temperature range is smaller than the operating temperature range; When the surface temperature of the battery pack is within the operating temperature range and outside the preset safety range, the battery pack is determined to be a battery pack to be adjusted; When the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the average value exceeds a preset surface temperature difference threshold, determining the battery pack as a battery pack to be adjusted; When the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the ambient temperature exceeds a preset ambient temperature difference threshold, the battery pack is determined to be a battery pack to be adjusted.

[0010] In one possible implementation, after obtaining the real-time ambient temperature of the energy storage cabinet and the surface temperature of each battery pack, the following steps are further included: When the surface temperature of the battery pack is out of the operating range, an emergency temperature control strategy for the battery pack is generated; When the ambient temperature is out of the working range, an emergency temperature control strategy is generated for the environment; When the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the minimum surface temperature is greater than the preset emergency temperature control threshold, an emergency temperature control strategy for the battery pack is generated; Emergency temperature control is performed on the ambient temperature and each battery pack according to the emergency temperature control strategy.

[0011] In one possible implementation, determining the temperature adjustment strategy for the battery pack to be adjusted based on the objective function and the constraint conditions includes: Calculating the optimal target temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted with the objective of minimizing the objective function value; Calculating a temperature deviation between the optimal target temperature and the real-time surface temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted; A temperature adjustment strategy is determined according to the temperature deviation and the ambient temperature.

[0012] In one possible implementation, determining a temperature adjustment strategy according to the temperature deviation and the ambient temperature includes: Determine the working status of the temperature control component based on the temperature deviation and ambient temperature; The duty cycle of the temperature control component is calculated according to the temperature deviation.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the calculation formula for the empty space ratio of the temperature control component is: , , in, is the vacancy ratio of the temperature control component, is the condition parameter of the temperature control component, For the i Battery Pack t The target temperature at the moment, For the i Battery Pack t Real-time surface temperature at the moment.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a temperature balancing device, comprising: An objective function construction module is used to construct a temperature balance objective function based on the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the average surface temperature, the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the ambient temperature, and the power consumption of the temperature control component. The constraint conditions are determined based on the operating temperature range of the battery pack, the power consumption upper limit of the temperature control component, and the temperature difference limit. A battery pack screening module for adjusting is used to determine the battery pack to be adjusted based on preset conditions, real-time ambient temperature and battery pack surface temperature; A temperature regulation strategy confirmation module, configured to determine a temperature regulation strategy for the battery pack to be regulated based on the objective function and the constraint conditions; A temperature adjustment module is used to dynamically adjust the temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted according to the temperature adjustment strategy.

[0015] In a third aspect, an energy storage system includes an energy storage device and a temperature balance control component; The temperature balancing control component is used to implement any of the above-mentioned temperature balancing methods.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: first, a temperature balance objective function is constructed based on the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the average surface temperature, the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the ambient temperature, and the power consumption of the temperature control component. Constraints are determined based on the operating temperature range of the battery pack, the upper limit of the power consumption of the temperature control component, and the temperature difference limit. The objective function constructed with multiple parameters and multiple objectives can dynamically maintain temperature balance and minimize temperature control energy consumption, while also ensuring that all battery packs are at an optimal operating temperature. Then, the battery packs to be adjusted are determined based on preset conditions, the real-time ambient temperature, and the battery pack surface temperature. The battery packs are screened based on the preset conditions, and only the battery packs that need temperature adjustment are selected, thereby improving the efficiency of temperature adjustment. Finally, a temperature adjustment strategy for the battery packs to be adjusted is determined based on the objective function and the constraints. The optimal target temperature is calculated with the goal of minimizing the objective function. The temperature adjustment strategy is derived based on this optimal target temperature. The surface temperature of each battery pack can be dynamically adjusted based on the real-time temperature of the battery pack and the environment, achieving consistency in the surface temperature of each battery pack in the energy storage cabinet, thereby further improving the performance of the battery packs in the energy storage cabinet. The present invention constructs a temperature balancing objective function for the battery pack using multiple associated parameters of the battery pack and the temperature control component, calculates the dynamic target temperature of each battery pack, and accurately adjusts the temperature of each battery pack to achieve temperature balancing of the battery packs in the entire energy storage cabinet. By controlling the temperature of each battery pack, accurate and efficient temperature balancing control within the energy storage cabinet is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the temperature equalization method provided by the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A flow chart of an embodiment of step S102; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A flow chart of an embodiment of step S103; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A flow chart of an embodiment of step S303; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the temperature equalization device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, “a plurality of” means two or more.

[0021] The terms "first," "second," and so on, used in the embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a technical feature designated as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

[0022] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0023] The present invention provides a temperature balancing method, device and energy storage system, which are described below respectively.

[0024] Figure 1 A flow chart of an embodiment of the temperature equalization method provided by the present invention is shown as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the temperature equalization method includes: S101, constructing a temperature balancing objective function based on the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the average surface temperature, the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the ambient temperature, and the power consumption of the temperature control component, and determining constraints based on the operating temperature range of the battery pack, the power consumption upper limit of the temperature control component, and the temperature difference limit; It should be noted that this embodiment is applied to an energy storage system, which includes an energy storage cabinet, multiple battery packs, and a temperature control component. The energy storage cabinet is divided into multiple layers by partitions, and the battery packs are evenly placed on the partitions. The temperature control component is arranged around the battery packs, and can also be arranged on the partitions and integrated with the partitions. Similarly, the cabinet panels of the energy storage cabinet are also provided with multiple temperature control components to control the ambient temperature within the energy storage cabinet. The temperature control components can be air ducts or other temperature control components with condensation and heating functions. At the same time, temperature sensors are provided on the surface of the battery packs and inside the energy storage cabinet to monitor the ambient temperature within the energy storage cabinet and the surface temperature of the battery packs. The real-time power consumption of the temperature control component is calculated based on the thermodynamic differential formula combined with the real-time operating parameters of the temperature control component.

[0025] It should be further explained that high temperature will accelerate the rate of chemical reactions inside the battery, but long-term high temperature will aggravate the rate of battery pack capacity decay and reduce the service life of the battery pack. Excessive temperature will also cause safety accidents such as thermal runaway. Excessive low temperature will cause damage to the internal material structure of the battery and reduce the battery life. Therefore, it is necessary to set the optimal operating temperature range according to different battery types. For example, the optimal operating temperature range of lithium batteries is [(20℃±5℃)~(50℃±5℃)], and the optimal operating temperature range of lithium iron phosphate batteries is [(20℃±5℃)~(60℃±5℃)]. Excessive temperature differences between battery packs in the energy storage cabinet will lead to inconsistent performance of battery cells or battery packs. Battery packs with higher temperatures may exhibit higher internal resistance and faster capacity decay, while battery packs with lower temperatures may have lower charging and discharging efficiency, which will reduce the efficiency of the entire energy storage system. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the storage The temperature of each battery pack in the energy storage cabinet is balanced. The surface temperature difference threshold is determined through simulation experimental data. In addition, when there is a large difference between the ambient temperature and the battery pack temperature, when it exceeds a certain threshold, it indicates that the battery pack may have a fault and needs to be promptly addressed. However, when the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the battery pack surface temperature exceeds the safe range, it will also affect the performance of the battery pack and thus the life of the entire battery system. Based on the above description, this embodiment sets constraints on the ambient temperature and battery pack surface temperature of the energy storage cabinet battery pack from three aspects: the operating temperature range, the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the average surface temperature of all battery packs, and the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the ambient temperature. Based on these three constraints and combined with the power consumption of the temperature control component, an objective function is constructed by minimizing the power consumption of the temperature control component and optimizing temperature balance to calculate the optimal target temperature for each battery pack surface temperature.

[0026] S102, determining a battery pack to be adjusted based on preset conditions, real-time ambient temperature, and battery pack surface temperature; It should be noted that the real-time temperature of the battery pack surface and the environment is obtained through temperature sensors set on the battery pack surface and in the energy storage cabinet.

[0027] Specifically, based on the real-time surface temperature of each battery pack obtained, the average temperature of all battery packs is calculated, and the difference between each battery pack and the average temperature is calculated. The difference between the real-time surface temperature of the battery pack and the ambient temperature is calculated to determine whether the real-time surface temperature of the battery pack is within the operating temperature range, whether the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the average temperature exceeds a preset surface temperature difference threshold, and whether the difference between the real-time surface temperature of the battery pack and the ambient temperature exceeds a preset ambient temperature difference threshold. If any one of the above three conditions is met, the battery pack is set as a battery pack to be adjusted, and subsequent temperature adjustment is performed on it.

[0028] S103, determining a temperature adjustment strategy for the battery pack to be adjusted based on the objective function and the constraint conditions; Specifically, based on the surface temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted and the ambient temperature, combined with the objective function, the objective function is solved with the goal of minimizing the objective function, and the optimal surface temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted is calculated. Based on the calculated optimal surface temperature, the working state of the temperature control component is determined.

[0029] S104: Adjust the temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted according to the temperature adjustment strategy.

[0030] It should be noted that in this embodiment, if the temperature control component is an air duct, the surface temperature of the corresponding battery pack is adjusted by adjusting the inlet and outlet air flow rates and the output power of the air duct; if the temperature control component is a cooling and heating device, the cooling or heating is controlled by adjusting the cooling and heating mode, and the surface temperature of the corresponding battery pack is adjusted by adjusting the output duty cycle of the temperature control component.

[0031] This embodiment constructs a temperature balancing objective function based on the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the average surface temperature, the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the ambient temperature, and the power consumption of the temperature control component. Constraints are determined based on the battery pack's operating temperature range, the upper limit of the temperature control component's power consumption, and the temperature difference limit. This multi-parameter, multi-objective objective function dynamically maintains temperature balancing and minimizes temperature control energy consumption, while also ensuring that all battery packs are at their optimal operating temperature. Battery packs to be regulated are determined based on preset conditions, the real-time ambient temperature, and the battery pack surface temperature. Battery packs are screened based on the preset conditions, selecting only those requiring temperature adjustment, thereby improving temperature regulation efficiency. A temperature regulation strategy is determined based on the objective function and constraints. An optimal target temperature is calculated with the goal of minimizing the objective function. Based on this optimal target temperature, a temperature regulation strategy is derived. The surface temperature of each battery pack can be dynamically adjusted based on the real-time temperature of the battery pack and the ambient environment, achieving surface temperature consistency among the battery packs in the energy storage cabinet and further improving the performance of the battery packs in the energy storage cabinet. The present invention constructs a temperature balancing objective function for the battery pack using multiple associated parameters of the battery pack and the temperature control component, calculates the dynamic target temperature of each battery pack, and accurately adjusts the temperature of each battery pack to achieve temperature balancing of the battery packs in the entire energy storage cabinet. By controlling the temperature of each battery pack, accurate and efficient temperature balancing control within the energy storage cabinet is achieved.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature balance objective function is calculated as follows: , in, J is the objective function value, For the i Battery Pack t The target temperature at the moment, for t The average surface temperature of each battery pack at the moment, for t The ambient temperature at the moment, For the i Battery Pack t The power consumption of the temperature control components at all times, is the weight coefficient.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the constraints include constraints on the operating temperature range of the battery pack, constraints on the difference between the surface temperature of each battery pack and the average surface temperature, constraints on the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the ambient temperature, and constraints on the upper limit of the power consumption of the temperature control component.

[0034] It should be noted that the operating temperature range of the battery should be determined according to the type of battery; the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the average surface temperature should be calculated, and this difference must be less than the preset surface temperature difference threshold; the difference between the surface temperature of the battery and the ambient temperature must be less than the preset ambient temperature difference threshold. At the same time, the real-time power consumption of the temperature control component cannot exceed its maximum power consumption.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The present invention provides Figure 1 A flow chart of an embodiment of step S102 in FIG. 1 includes: S201. Obtain the real-time ambient temperature of the energy storage cabinet and the surface temperature of each battery pack; S202, calculating the average surface temperature of all battery packs based on the surface temperature of the battery packs; S203, determining a safe temperature range of the battery pack according to the operating temperature range of the battery pack, where the safe temperature range is smaller than the operating temperature range; S204: When the surface temperature of the battery pack is within the operating temperature range and outside the preset safety range, the battery pack is determined to be a battery pack to be adjusted; S205: When the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the average value exceeds a preset surface temperature difference threshold, the battery pack is determined as a battery pack to be adjusted; S206 : When the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the ambient temperature exceeds a preset ambient temperature difference threshold, determine the battery pack as a battery pack to be adjusted.

[0036] It should be noted that the safe temperature range is within the operating temperature range. For example, the operating temperature range of lithium batteries is 10°C to 45°C, but in fact, when the ambient temperature is at the boundary value of this operating temperature range, there are safety hazards for the battery pack or damage to the battery. Therefore, a safe temperature range is further set to 15°C to 40°C.

[0037] Specifically, the real-time ambient temperature of the energy storage cabinet and the surface temperature of each battery pack are obtained through a temperature sensor. However, not all battery packs require temperature adjustment. Through calculation and comparison, the battery packs that require temperature adjustment are screened out, and dynamic temperature adjustment is performed based on the comparison so that the surface temperatures of all battery packs are in the optimal working state and the temperature is balanced. First, the average surface temperature of all battery packs is calculated, and then it is determined in turn whether the surface temperature of the battery pack is within the operating temperature range and not within the preset safety range. For example, whether the surface temperature of a lithium battery pack is greater than 10°C and less than 15°C or whether it is greater than 45°C or less than 40°C. When the battery pack is within this range, the battery pack needs to be temperature adjusted. When the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the average surface temperature is not within the first preset temperature difference range or when the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the ambient temperature is not within the second preset temperature difference range, the battery pack is determined as a battery pack to be adjusted.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, after obtaining the real-time ambient temperature of the energy storage cabinet and the surface temperature of each battery pack, the method further includes: When the surface temperature of the battery pack is out of the operating range, an emergency temperature control strategy for the battery pack is generated; When the ambient temperature is out of the working range, an emergency temperature control strategy is generated for the environment; When the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the average surface temperature is greater than the preset emergency temperature control threshold, an emergency temperature control strategy for the battery pack is generated; Perform emergency temperature control on the ambient temperature and each battery pack according to the emergency temperature control strategy.

[0039] It should be noted that when the surface temperature of the battery pack is outside the operating temperature range and differs significantly from the ambient temperature, it indicates that the battery pack may have a fault. For example, if the ambient temperature is 20°C but the surface temperature of the battery pack is 50°C, it indicates that the battery pack may have thermal runaway due to a short circuit, and an alarm prompt is required. There is no need to calculate the target temperature, and the battery pack can be directly cooled. When the ambient temperature is too low or too high, it is necessary to adjust the ambient temperature directly by adjusting the temperature control components around the energy storage cabinet to avoid damage to the battery pack due to excessively high or low ambient temperature. When the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the average surface temperature is greater than the preset emergency temperature control threshold, it also indicates that the battery pack temperature is too high or too low, and the battery pack needs to be urgently cooled or heated.

[0040] This embodiment sets a series of emergency temperature control thresholds to perform emergency temperature control in dangerous situations where the ambient temperature and battery pack surface temperature are too high or too low, thereby further improving the efficiency of temperature balancing control of the energy storage cabinet.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The present invention provides Figure 1 A flow chart of an embodiment of step S103 in FIG. 1 includes: S301, calculating the optimal target temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted with the objective of minimizing the objective function value; Specifically, there is no restriction on the solution method of the objective function. A multi-objective optimization algorithm or a heuristic algorithm can be used for the solution. During the solution process, constraints are added. In this embodiment, the temperature range is controlled within the safe temperature range, that is, 15°C to 40°C, the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the average surface temperature is controlled within 5°C, the difference between the ambient temperature and the battery pack surface temperature is controlled within 10°C, the power consumption upper limit of the temperature control component cannot exceed the maximum allowable power consumption, and the optimal target temperature is obtained when the objective function is at the minimum value.

[0042] S302, calculating the temperature deviation between the optimal target temperature and the real-time surface temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted; S303: Determine a temperature adjustment strategy according to the temperature deviation and the ambient temperature.

[0043] It should be noted that the real-time surface temperature of the battery pack is obtained through temperature sensors evenly distributed on the surface of the battery pack, and the deviation between the real-time surface temperature and the target temperature is calculated. It is impossible for the surface temperature of each battery pack in the power storage cabinet to be completely consistent. Therefore, there is a slight temperature error in the surface temperature between the battery packs. When the deviation between the real-time surface temperature and the target temperature is greater than the preset temperature error threshold, the temperature adjustment strategy is triggered. When the temperature deviation is less than the preset temperature error threshold, that is, the temperature deviation value is within the allowable deviation range, the temperature adjustment strategy is not triggered.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The present invention provides Figure 3 A flow chart of an embodiment of step S303 in FIG. 1 includes: S401, determine the working status of the temperature control component according to the temperature deviation and ambient temperature; Specifically, when the temperature deviation is a negative value, that is, the target temperature is lower than the real-time surface temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted, and the ambient temperature is lower than the preset ambient temperature threshold, the battery pack to be adjusted needs to be heated, and the working state of the temperature control component is set to the heating state; when the temperature deviation is a negative value, that is, the target temperature is lower than the real-time surface temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted, and the ambient temperature is higher than the preset ambient temperature threshold, it indicates that the battery pack to be adjusted may be overheated, and it is necessary to appropriately reduce the working parameters according to the current working state of the temperature control component or convert the working state to cooling; when the temperature deviation is a positive value, that is, the target temperature is higher than the real-time surface temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted, and the ambient temperature is higher than the preset ambient temperature threshold, it is necessary to cool the battery pack to be adjusted, and the working state of the temperature control component is set to cooling; when the temperature deviation is a positive value, that is, the target temperature is higher than the real-time surface temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted, and the ambient temperature is lower than the preset ambient temperature threshold, it indicates that the battery pack to be adjusted is overcooled, and it is necessary to appropriately reduce the working parameters according to the current working state of the temperature control component or convert the working state to heating.

[0045] S402: Calculate the vacancy ratio of the temperature control component according to the temperature deviation.

[0046] It should be noted that the idle time ratio is one of the core parameters of the temperature control component to control the temperature. Temperature balance is achieved by adjusting the effective working time ratio of the temperature control component in a cycle.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature adjustment strategy includes a cooling and heating mode of the temperature control component and an air ratio of the temperature control component.

[0048] The calculation formula for the air ratio of the temperature control component is: , , in, is the vacancy ratio of the temperature control component, is the condition parameter of the temperature control component, For the i Battery Pack t The target temperature at the moment, For the i Battery Pack t Real-time surface temperature at the moment.

[0049] In order to better implement the temperature balancing method in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the temperature balancing method, correspondingly, Figure 5 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a temperature equalization device 500 including: The objective function construction module 501 is used to construct a temperature balance objective function based on the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the average surface temperature, the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the ambient temperature, and the power consumption of the temperature control component, and determine the constraint conditions based on the operating temperature range of the battery pack, the power consumption upper limit of the temperature control component, and the temperature difference limit; A battery pack screening module 502 for determining a battery pack to be adjusted based on preset conditions, real-time ambient temperature, and battery pack surface temperature; A temperature regulation strategy confirmation module 503 is configured to determine a temperature regulation strategy for the battery pack to be regulated based on the objective function and the constraint conditions; The temperature adjustment module 504 is configured to dynamically adjust the temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted according to the temperature adjustment strategy.

[0050] The temperature balancing device 500 provided in the above embodiment can implement the technical solution described in the above temperature balancing method embodiment. The specific implementation principles of the above modules or units can be found in the corresponding contents of the above temperature balancing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0051] In the embodiments of the present invention, the temperature balancing device may be a standalone server or a server network or server cluster composed of servers. For example, the temperature balancing device described in the embodiments of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, a computer, a network host, a single network server, a set of multiple network servers, or a cloud server composed of multiple servers. A cloud server is composed of a large number of computers or network servers based on cloud computing.

[0052] The present invention also provides an energy storage system, which includes an energy storage device and a temperature balancing control component, wherein the temperature balancing control component is used to implement the above-mentioned temperature balancing method.

[0053] The temperature balancing method, device, equipment and storage device provided by the present invention are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core ideas. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature balancing method is applied to an energy storage device, wherein the device includes an energy storage cabinet, multiple battery packs located in the energy storage cabinet, and temperature control components located around the battery packs, characterized in that: include: The temperature balance objective function is constructed based on the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the average surface temperature, the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the ambient temperature, and the power consumption of the temperature control component. The constraints are determined based on the operating temperature range of the battery pack, the power consumption upper limit of the temperature control component, and the temperature difference limit. Determine the battery pack to be adjusted based on preset conditions, real-time ambient temperature and battery pack surface temperature; Determining a temperature regulation strategy for the battery pack to be regulated based on the objective function and the constraint conditions; Dynamically adjust the temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted according to the temperature adjustment strategy.

2. The temperature equalization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the temperature balance objective function is: ， in, J is the objective function value, For the i Battery Pack t The target temperature at the moment, for t The average surface temperature of each battery pack at the moment, for t The ambient temperature at the moment, For the i Battery Pack t The power consumption of the temperature control components at all times, is the weight coefficient.

3. The temperature equalization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The constraints include the operating temperature range of the battery pack, the difference between the surface temperature of each battery pack and the average surface temperature, the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the ambient temperature, and the upper limit of the power consumption of the temperature control component.

4. The temperature equalization method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Determine the battery pack to be adjusted based on preset conditions, real-time ambient temperature, and battery pack surface temperature, including: Obtain the real-time ambient temperature of the energy storage cabinet and the surface temperature of each battery pack; Calculate the average surface temperature of all battery packs based on the surface temperature of the battery pack; Determining a safe temperature range of the battery pack according to the operating temperature range of the battery pack, wherein the safe temperature range is smaller than the operating temperature range; When the surface temperature of the battery pack is within the operating temperature range and outside the preset safety range, the battery pack is determined to be a battery pack to be adjusted; When the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the average value exceeds a preset surface temperature difference threshold, determining the battery pack as a battery pack to be adjusted; When the difference between the surface temperature of the battery pack and the ambient temperature exceeds a preset ambient temperature difference threshold, the battery pack is determined to be a battery pack to be adjusted.

5. The temperature equalization method according to claim 4, characterized in that: After obtaining the real-time ambient temperature of the energy storage cabinet and the surface temperature of each battery pack, the following steps are also required: When the surface temperature of the battery pack is out of the operating range, an emergency temperature control strategy for the battery pack is generated; When the ambient temperature is out of the working range, an emergency temperature control strategy is generated for the environment; When the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the minimum surface temperature is greater than the preset emergency temperature control threshold, an emergency temperature control strategy for the battery pack is generated; Emergency temperature control is performed on the ambient temperature and each battery pack according to the emergency temperature control strategy.

6. The temperature equalization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining a temperature regulation strategy for the battery pack to be regulated based on the objective function and the constraint conditions includes: Calculating the optimal target temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted with the objective of minimizing the objective function value; Calculating a temperature deviation between the optimal target temperature and the real-time surface temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted; A temperature adjustment strategy is determined according to the temperature deviation and the ambient temperature.

7. The temperature equalization method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Determining a temperature adjustment strategy according to the temperature deviation and the ambient temperature includes: Determine the working status of the temperature control component based on the temperature deviation and ambient temperature; The duty cycle of the temperature control component is calculated according to the temperature deviation.

8. The temperature equalization method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the air ratio of the temperature control component is: ， ， in, is the vacancy ratio of the temperature control component, is the condition parameter of the temperature control component, For the i Battery Pack t The target temperature at the moment, For the i Battery Pack t Real-time surface temperature at the moment.

9. A temperature equalization device, characterized in that: include: An objective function construction module is used to construct a temperature balance objective function based on the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the average surface temperature, the difference between the battery pack surface temperature and the ambient temperature, and the power consumption of the temperature control component. The constraint conditions are determined based on the operating temperature range of the battery pack, the power consumption upper limit of the temperature control component, and the temperature difference limit. A battery pack screening module for adjusting is used to determine the battery pack to be adjusted based on preset conditions, real-time ambient temperature and battery pack surface temperature; A temperature regulation strategy confirmation module, configured to determine a temperature regulation strategy for the battery pack to be regulated based on the objective function and the constraint conditions; The temperature adjustment module is used to dynamically adjust the temperature of the battery pack to be adjusted according to the temperature adjustment strategy.

10. An energy storage system, characterized in that: The energy storage system includes an energy storage device and a temperature balance control component; The temperature equalization control component is used to implement the temperature equalization method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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