Power divider and power detection circuit based on forward and inverted 8-shaped inductors

Abstract

The invention relates to a power divider and a power detector based on forward and inverted 8-shaped inductors. The power divider is formed by nesting three stages of one-to-two power divider units; each stage of one-to-two power divider unit is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor at two ends of an inductor and is connected in parallel with an isolation resistor at an output end; the output end of the first-stage one-to-two power divider unit is connected with the input end of the second-stage one-to-two power divider unit, the input end of the first-stage one-to-two power divider unit is connected with a radio frequency signal, and the output end of the second-stage one-to-two power divider unit is connected with the input end of the third-stage one-to-two power divider unit. And the output end of the third-stage one-to-two power divider unit outputs a radio frequency signal. According to the multi-path power divider, the isolation degree and phase amplitude consistency between different power dividers and between two branches of the same power divider in the multi-path power divider can be effectively improved, the 8-shaped inductor and the 8-shaped balun are nested together, and the power detection function is achieved on a small area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electronic devices, and in particular to a power divider and a power detection circuit based on a forward and reverse figure-8 inductor. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for high-performance communications, more and more researchers are further developing phased array communication technology. As a key component in phased array communication systems, power splitters must not only provide sufficient isolation between different power splitters and between the two branches of the same power splitter, but also ensure good phase and amplitude consistency. Furthermore, to effectively reduce costs, ultra-wideband, miniaturized, and highly isolated power splitters are also a current research direction.

[0003] The power detector circuit is usually used at the output end of the power amplifier, and is usually required to have the function of detecting RF signals while not having a significant impact on the output performance of the power amplifier. Therefore, ultra-wideband miniaturized power detection circuits with controllable impact on the output performance of the power amplifier have attracted extensive research by engineering and technical personnel.

[0004] As we all know, a power splitter is a device that divides one or more RF signals into multiple output channels. Its basic unit is a one-to-two power splitter. The common one-to-two power splitter structure is implemented using quarter-wavelength microstrip lines. However, at lower RF frequencies, the longer operating wavelength results in a larger chip area, increasing tape-out costs. Furthermore, the coupling between the longer microstrip lines within the chip is severe, resulting in poor isolation, phase, and amplitude consistency within the multi-channel power splitter. Traditional power detection circuits are implemented using stacked baluns, which have significant coupling with the power amplifier's output balun, significantly impacting the amplifier's output performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a power divider and a power detection circuit based on a forward and reverse figure-8 inductor, thereby solving the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] The objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: a power divider based on a forward and reverse figure-eight inductor, the power divider comprising three nested one-to-two power divider units; each one-to-two power divider unit has a matching capacitor connected in parallel at both ends of the inductor and an isolation resistor connected in parallel at the output end, so as to achieve good impedance variation and standing wave performance, as well as high isolation and good phase and amplitude heterogeneity; The output end of the first-stage one-to-two power splitter unit is connected to the input end of the second-stage one-to-two power splitter unit, the input end of the first-stage one-to-two power splitter unit is connected to the radio frequency signal, the output end of the second-stage one-to-two power splitter unit is connected to the input end of the third-stage one-to-two power splitter unit, and the output end of the third-stage one-to-two power splitter unit outputs the radio frequency signal; The first-stage one-to-two power splitter unit includes two vertically symmetrical U-shaped inductors L1 and L2, the second-stage one-to-two power splitter unit includes two vertically symmetrical regular 8-shaped inductors L3 and L4, and the third-stage one-to-two power splitter unit includes two vertically symmetrical inverted 8-shaped inductors L5 and L6.

[0007] The input ends of the U-shaped inductors L1 and L2 are connected to the RF signal; the input end of the U-shaped inductor L1 is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C1, and the output end is connected to the input end of the second-stage one-to-two power splitter unit and is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C2; the input end of the U-shaped inductor L2 is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C3, and the output end is connected to the input end of the second-stage one-to-two power splitter unit and is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C4; an isolation resistor R1 is connected between the output ends of the U-shaped inductors L1 and L2.

[0008] The input ends of the positive 8-shaped inductors L3 and L4 are connected to the output ends of the first-stage one-to-two power divider unit; the input end of the positive 8-shaped inductor L3 is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C5, and the output end is connected to the input end of the third-stage one-to-two power divider unit and is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C6; the input end of the positive 8-shaped inductor L4 is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C7, and the output end is connected to the input end of the third-stage one-to-two power divider unit and is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C8; an isolation resistor R2 is connected between the output ends of the positive 8-shaped inductors L3 and L4.

[0009] The input ends of the inverted 8-shaped inductors L5 and L6 are connected to the output ends of the second-stage one-to-two power divider unit; the input end of the inverted 8-shaped inductor L5 is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C9, and the output end outputs a radio frequency signal and is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C10; the input end of the inverted 8-shaped inductor L6 is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C11, and the output end outputs a radio frequency signal and is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C12; an isolation resistor R3 is connected between the output ends of the inverted 8-shaped inductors L5 and L6.

[0010] The U-shaped inductors L1 and L2 are located on the same layer as the regular figure-8 inductors L3 and L4, and the regular figure-8 inductor is located inside the U-shaped inductor; the inverted figure-8 inductors L5 and L6 are located on the next layer of the U-shaped inductors L1 and L2; the center positions of the U-shaped inductor L1, the regular figure-8 inductor L3 and the inverted figure-8 inductor L5 are the same, and the center positions of the U-shaped inductor L2, the regular figure-8 inductor L4 and the inverted figure-8 inductor L6 are the same.

[0011] The direction of the magnetic field in the upper half of the regular figure-8 inductor is opposite to that in the lower half. The magnetic field passing through the interior of the entire U-shaped inductor ring is the same in size and opposite in direction in the upper and lower halves, and the magnetic field passing through the left and right half rings of the inverted figure-8 inductor is opposite in direction and equal in size in the upper and lower parts. The magnetic fields inside the entire U-shaped inductor cancel each other out, so the regular figure-8 inductor will not generate electromagnetic coupling with the U-shaped inductor, and the magnetic fields inside the entire inverted figure-8 inductor also cancel each other out, so the regular figure-8 inductor will not generate electromagnetic coupling with the inverted figure-8 inductor. Furthermore, there is no electromagnetic coupling between the U-shaped inductor, the regular figure-8 inductor and the inverted figure-8 inductor, and they are completely isolated from each other, with high isolation and phase amplitude consistency.

[0012] The inductance values of the U-shaped inductors L1 and L2 are the same, the inductance values of the positive 8-shaped inductors L3 and L4 are the same, and the inductance values of the inverted 8-shaped inductors L5 and L6 are the same, and the inductance values of the U-shaped inductors, positive 8-shaped inductors and inverted 8-shaped inductors decrease in sequence.

[0013] The capacitance values of the matching capacitors connected in parallel with the U-shaped inductor are the same, the capacitance values of the matching capacitors connected in parallel with the positive figure-8 inductor are the same, and the capacitance values of the matching capacitors connected in parallel with the inverted figure-8 inductor are the same, and the capacitance values of the matching capacitors connected in parallel with the U-shaped inductor, the matching capacitors connected in parallel with the positive figure-8 inductor, and the matching capacitors connected in parallel with the inverted figure-8 inductor increase in sequence.

[0014] A power detector based on positive and negative figure-8 inductors, the power detector comprising an inverted figure-8 balun and a positive figure-8 inductor L9, wherein the positive figure-8 inductor L9 is located below the inverted figure-8 balun; the inverted figure-8 balun comprises inverted figure-8 inductors L7 and L8 stacked one above the other; the two ports of the inverted figure-8 inductor L7 are directly connected to the differential output ports of the power amplifier, the two ports of the inverted figure-8 inductor L8 output the main signal; and the two ports of the positive figure-8 inductor L9 output the coupled signal.

[0015] The center positions of the inverted 8-shaped balun and the normal 8-shaped inductor L9 are not at the same position, so the magnetic fields in the upper half ring and the lower half ring of the normal 8-shaped inductor L9 cannot be completely offset. By adjusting the relative position between the inverted 8-shaped balun and the normal 8-shaped inductor L9, the degree of electromagnetic coupling between the two is adjusted, and then the electromagnetic coupling coefficient between the two is adjusted. The larger the electromagnetic coupling coefficient, the greater the power coupled output through the normal 8-shaped inductor L9.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. The magnetic fields of the upper and lower, or left and right, parts of the figure-eight inductor are in opposite directions. When the center position of other circuits is the same as that of the figure-eight inductor, the coupling coefficient between the other circuits and the figure-eight inductor is zero, resulting in complete isolation. This effectively improves the isolation and phase-amplitude consistency between different power dividers in a multi-way power divider, as well as between two branches of the same power divider. Furthermore, when the center position of other circuits is different from that of the figure-eight inductor or balun, the coupling coefficient between the other circuits and the figure-eight inductor is not zero. By adjusting the center position of the other circuits and the figure-eight inductor or balun, circuits with different coupling coefficients can be obtained. This can be applied to power detection circuits, as well as other circuits such as broadband matching circuits. It has a wide range of applications and requires a very small footprint.

[0017] 2. The 8-shaped inductor can be wound in single or multiple turns according to the inductance, which greatly reduces the chip area and saves the tape-out cost.

[0018] 3. By nesting multiple figure-8 inductors together, multi-stage one-to-two power splitter units can be cascaded, achieving ultra-wideband without significantly increasing the chip area. Because this basic multi-stage nested one-to-two power splitter has the advantages of miniaturization and high isolation, multiple of these basic multi-stage nested one-to-two power splitters can be arranged and combined according to actual project requirements to form a diversified multi-channel power splitter with multiple inputs and multiple outputs.

[0019] 4. By nesting the figure-8 inductor and the figure-8 balun together, the power detection function is realized in a smaller area. It is suitable for a variety of processes and has high flexibility in wafer fabrication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the U-shaped inductor in the power divider of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the positive 8-shaped inductor in the power divider of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inverted 8-shaped inductor in the power divider of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the power divider of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inverted 8-shaped inductor in the power detection circuit of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the power detection circuit of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided below in conjunction with the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application for which protection is claimed, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0022] like Figure 4 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention relates to a power divider based on a positive 8-shaped inductor and an inverted 8-shaped inductor. The power divider can be arranged with each other to form various forms of multi-channel power dividers; in the basic multi-stage nested one-to-two power divider unit, the ultra-wideband characteristics are achieved by cascading three-stage one-to-two power dividing circuits; wherein the three-stage one-to-two power dividing circuits are laid out in a nested manner, which greatly reduces the area of the chip; wherein the first-stage one-to-two power dividing unit is composed of a U-shaped planar inductor, the second-stage one-to-two power dividing unit is composed of a positive 8-shaped inductor, and the third-stage one-to-two power dividing unit is composed of an inverted 8-shaped inductor. At the same time, each stage of the one-to-two power dividing unit is respectively connected in parallel with a matching capacitor at both ends of the inductor and an isolation resistor at the output end, thereby achieving good impedance change and standing wave performance, while having high isolation and good phase amplitude consistency. The power detection circuit provided by the present invention is a positive 8-shaped inductor nested under a stacked inverted 8-shaped transformer, thereby realizing the power detection function without having much impact on the inverted 8-shaped transformer, thereby limiting the impact on the output performance of the power amplifier.

[0023] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the first-stage one-to-two power splitting unit is composed of two U-shaped inductors L1 and L2, four matching capacitors C1, C2, C3, and C4, and an isolation resistor R1; Figure 2 As shown, the second-stage one-to-two power divider unit is composed of two positive 8-shaped inductors L3 and L4, four matching capacitors C5, C6, C7 and C8, and an isolation resistor R2; Figure 3 As shown, the third-stage one-to-two power splitter unit is composed of inverted 8-shaped inductors L5 and L6, four matching capacitors C9, C10, C11 and C12, and an isolation resistor R3; the RF signal is input from RFIN, split into two paths, and output from RFOUT1 and RFOUT2 respectively.

[0024] Furthermore, the two ends of the U-shaped inductor L1 are respectively connected in parallel with matching capacitors C1 and C2, and the two ends of the U-shaped inductor L2 are respectively connected in parallel with matching capacitors C3 and C4. One end of the U-shaped inductors L1 and L2 is connected to RFIN, and the other end is connected through the isolation resistor R1. The two ends of the isolation resistor R1 are also the two output ends of the first-stage one-divided-two power splitting unit, and the two output ends of the first-stage one-divided-two power splitting unit are also connected to the two input ends of the second-stage one-divided-two power splitting unit; the four matching capacitors C1, C2, C3, and C4 are symmetrical and exactly the same with each other, and the two U-shaped inductors L1 and L2 are symmetrical and exactly the same up and down.

[0025] Furthermore, the two ends of the positive 8-shaped inductor L3 are respectively connected in parallel with matching capacitors C5 and C6, and the two ends of the positive 8-shaped inductor L4 are respectively connected in parallel with matching capacitors C7 and C8. One end of the positive 8-shaped inductors L3 and L4 is the two input ends of the second-stage one-to-two power splitting unit, and the other end is connected through the isolation resistor R2. The two ends of the isolation resistor R2 are also the two output ends of the second-stage one-to-two power splitting unit. The two output ends of the second-stage one-to-two power splitting unit are also connected to the two input ends of the third-stage one-to-two power splitting unit; the four matching capacitors C5, C6, C7, and C8 are symmetrical and exactly the same with each other, and the two positive 8-shaped inductors L3 and L4 are symmetrical and exactly the same up and down.

[0026] Furthermore, the two ends of the inverted 8-shaped inductor L5 are respectively connected in parallel with matching capacitors C9 and C10, and the two ends of the inverted 8-shaped inductor L6 are respectively connected in parallel with matching capacitors C11 and C12. One end of the inverted 8-shaped inductors L5 and L6 is the two input ends of the third-stage one-to-two power splitting unit, and the other end is connected through the isolation resistor R3. The two ends of the isolation resistor R3 are also the two output ends of the third-stage one-to-two power splitting unit. The two output ends of the third-stage one-to-two power splitting unit are the output ends RFOUT1 and RFOUT2 of the entire power divider; the four matching capacitors C9, C10, C11, and C12 are symmetrical and exactly the same with each other, and the two inverted 8-shaped inductors L5 and L6 are symmetrical and exactly the same up and down.

[0027] Among them, the values of L1 and L2, L3 and L4, L5 and L6 decrease in sequence; the values of C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8 and C9, C10, C11, C12 increase in sequence; the values of isolation resistors R1, R2, R3 increase in sequence.

[0028] Furthermore, the U-shaped inductors L1, L2 and the figure-eight inductors L3, L4 are formed from the top metal coil, while the inverted figure-eight inductors L5, L6 are formed from the next top metal coil. The centers of the U-shaped inductors L1, L3, the figure-eight inductors L3, L4, and the inverted figure-eight inductors L5, L6 are aligned. Only with these centers aligned can electromagnetic coupling be eliminated and complete isolation achieved.

[0029] Furthermore, for the U-shaped inductor L1 and the positive 8-shaped inductor L3, since the direction of the magnetic field in the upper half of the positive 8-shaped inductor is opposite to that in the lower half of the ring, the magnetic field passing through the entire ring of the U-shaped inductor L1 is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction in the upper and lower halves. Therefore, the magnetic fields inside the entire ring of the U-shaped inductor L1 cancel each other out, and the magnetic field is 0. Therefore, the positive 8-shaped inductor L3 does not generate electromagnetic coupling with the U-shaped inductor L1. Similarly, the positive 8-shaped inductor L4 does not generate electromagnetic coupling with the U-shaped inductor L2.

[0030] For the regular figure-eight inductor L3 and the inverted figure-eight inductor L5, since the direction of the magnetic field in the upper half of the regular figure-eight inductor is opposite to that in the lower half, the magnetic field passing through the left half of the inverted figure-eight inductor is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. Therefore, the magnetic field in the left half of the inverted figure-eight inductor is exactly offset to 0. Similarly, the magnetic field passing through the right half of the inverted figure-eight inductor is also 0. Therefore, there is no electromagnetic coupling between the regular figure-eight inductor L3 and the inverted figure-eight inductor L5, and similarly, there is no electromagnetic coupling between the regular figure-eight inductor L4 and the inverted figure-eight inductor L6.

[0031] Since there is no electromagnetic coupling between the U-shaped inductors L1 and L2, the positive 8-shaped inductors L3 and L4, and the inverted 8-shaped inductors L5 and L6, that is, the coupling coefficient between them is 0, they are completely isolated from each other. Therefore, the broadband multi-stage power divider has high isolation and phase amplitude consistency, and can achieve area miniaturization by nesting three-stage one-divide-two units.

[0032] like Figure 6 As shown, another embodiment of the present invention relates to a power detection circuit based on a positive figure-8 inductor and an inverted figure-8 inductor, which is composed of an inverted figure-8 balun and a positive figure-8 inductor L9; wherein the inverted figure-8 balun is composed of an inverted figure-8 inductor L7 and an inverted figure-8 inductor L8 as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, two inverted 8-shaped inductors are stacked up and down.

[0033] Furthermore, the power detection circuit's input terminals, RFINP and RFINN, are directly connected to the differential output ports of the power amplifier. RFOUTP and RFOUTN are the main signal output ports of the power amplifier after impedance transformation via the inverted figure-eight balun. RFDETP and RFDETN are coupled signal output ports coupled via the positive figure-eight inductor L9.

[0034] Furthermore, the inverted figure-8 inductor L7, the inverted figure-8 inductor L8 and the normal figure-8 inductor L9 are composed of metal coils of different layers. Generally, the inverted figure-8 inductor L7 is composed of the top layer metal, the inverted figure-8 inductor L8 is composed of the second top layer metal, and the normal figure-8 inductor L9 is composed of the lower layer metal.

[0035] Furthermore, the inverted-eight balun and the straight-eight inductor L9 are not centered at the same location, so the magnetic fields in the upper and lower halves of the straight-eight inductor L9 cannot completely cancel each other out. Therefore, by adjusting their relative positions, the degree of electromagnetic coupling between them—that is, the electromagnetic coupling coefficient—can be adjusted. A greater electromagnetic coupling coefficient results in greater power coupled through the straight-eight inductor L9. This allows for power detection without significantly impacting the inverted-eight transformer, and thus the overall output performance of the power amplifier.

[0036] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. Rather, the present invention is capable of various other combinations, modifications, and improvements, and is capable of modifications within the scope of the concepts described herein, through the above teachings, or through techniques or knowledge in the relevant fields. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power divider based on a figure-eight inductor, characterized by: The power splitter comprises three nested stages of one-to-two power splitter units; each stage of the one-to-two power splitter unit has a matching capacitor connected in parallel at both ends of the inductor, and an isolation resistor connected in parallel at the output end, so as to achieve good impedance change and standing wave performance, as well as high isolation and good phase amplitude heterogeneity; The output end of the first-stage one-to-two power splitter unit is connected to the input end of the second-stage one-to-two power splitter unit, the input end of the first-stage one-to-two power splitter unit is connected to the radio frequency signal, the output end of the second-stage one-to-two power splitter unit is connected to the input end of the third-stage one-to-two power splitter unit, and the output end of the third-stage one-to-two power splitter unit outputs the radio frequency signal; The first-stage one-to-two power splitter unit includes two vertically symmetrical U-shaped inductors L1 and L2, the second-stage one-to-two power splitter unit includes two vertically symmetrical regular 8-shaped inductors L3 and L4, and the third-stage one-to-two power splitter unit includes two vertically symmetrical inverted 8-shaped inductors L5 and L6.

2. The power divider based on the inverted figure-eight inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input ends of the U-shaped inductors L1 and L2 are connected to the RF signal; the input end of the U-shaped inductor L1 is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C1, and the output end is connected to the input end of the second-stage one-to-two power splitter unit and is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C2; the input end of the U-shaped inductor L2 is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C3, and the output end is connected to the input end of the second-stage one-to-two power splitter unit and is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C4; an isolation resistor R1 is connected between the output ends of the U-shaped inductors L1 and L2.

3. The power divider based on the inverted figure-eight inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input ends of the positive 8-shaped inductors L3 and L4 are connected to the output ends of the first-stage one-to-two power divider unit; the input end of the positive 8-shaped inductor L3 is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C5, and the output end is connected to the input end of the third-stage one-to-two power divider unit and is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C6; the input end of the positive 8-shaped inductor L4 is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C7, and the output end is connected to the input end of the third-stage one-to-two power divider unit and is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C8; an isolation resistor R2 is connected between the output ends of the positive 8-shaped inductors L3 and L4.

4. The power divider based on the inverted figure-eight inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input ends of the inverted 8-shaped inductors L5 and L6 are connected to the output ends of the second-stage one-to-two power divider unit; the input end of the inverted 8-shaped inductor L5 is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C9, and the output end outputs a radio frequency signal and is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C10; the input end of the inverted 8-shaped inductor L6 is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C11, and the output end outputs a radio frequency signal and is connected in parallel with a matching capacitor C12; an isolation resistor R3 is connected between the output ends of the inverted 8-shaped inductors L5 and L6.

5. The power divider based on the inverted figure-eight inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped inductors L1 and L2 are located on the same layer as the regular figure-8 inductors L3 and L4, and the regular figure-8 inductor is located inside the U-shaped inductor; the inverted figure-8 inductors L5 and L6 are located on the next layer of the U-shaped inductors L1 and L2; the center positions of the U-shaped inductor L1, the regular figure-8 inductor L3 and the inverted figure-8 inductor L5 are the same, and the center positions of the U-shaped inductor L2, the regular figure-8 inductor L4 and the inverted figure-8 inductor L6 are the same.

6. The power divider based on the inverted figure-eight inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The direction of the magnetic field in the upper half of the regular figure-8 inductor is opposite to that in the lower half. The magnetic field passing through the interior of the entire U-shaped inductor ring is the same in size and opposite in direction in the upper and lower halves, and the magnetic field passing through the left and right half rings of the inverted figure-8 inductor is opposite in direction and equal in size in the upper and lower parts. The magnetic fields inside the entire U-shaped inductor cancel each other out, so the regular figure-8 inductor will not generate electromagnetic coupling with the U-shaped inductor, and the magnetic fields inside the entire inverted figure-8 inductor also cancel each other out, so the regular figure-8 inductor will not generate electromagnetic coupling with the inverted figure-8 inductor. Furthermore, there is no electromagnetic coupling between the U-shaped inductor, the regular figure-8 inductor and the inverted figure-8 inductor, and they are completely isolated from each other, with high isolation and phase amplitude consistency.

7. The power divider based on the inverted figure-eight inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inductance values of the U-shaped inductors L1 and L2 are the same, the inductance values of the positive 8-shaped inductors L3 and L4 are the same, and the inductance values of the inverted 8-shaped inductors L5 and L6 are the same, and the inductance values of the U-shaped inductors, positive 8-shaped inductors and inverted 8-shaped inductors decrease in sequence.

8. The power divider based on the inverted figure-eight inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacitance values of the matching capacitors connected in parallel with the U-shaped inductor are the same, the capacitance values of the matching capacitors connected in parallel with the positive figure-8 inductor are the same, and the capacitance values of the matching capacitors connected in parallel with the inverted figure-8 inductor are the same, and the capacitance values of the matching capacitors connected in parallel with the U-shaped inductor, the matching capacitors connected in parallel with the positive figure-8 inductor, and the matching capacitors connected in parallel with the inverted figure-8 inductor increase in sequence.

9. A power detector based on an inverted figure-eight inductor, characterized by: The power detector includes an inverted 8-shaped balun and a positive 8-shaped inductor L9, and the positive 8-shaped inductor L9 is located below the inverted 8-shaped balun; the inverted 8-shaped balun includes inverted 8-shaped inductors L7 and L8 stacked up and down; the two ports of the inverted 8-shaped inductor L7 are directly connected to the differential output port of the power amplifier, and the two ports of the inverted 8-shaped inductor L8 output the main signal; the two ports of the positive 8-shaped inductor L9 output the coupled signal.

10. The power detector based on the forward and reverse figure-eight inductor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The center positions of the inverted 8-shaped balun and the normal 8-shaped inductor L9 are not at the same position, so the magnetic fields in the upper half ring and the lower half ring of the normal 8-shaped inductor L9 cannot be completely offset. By adjusting the relative position between the inverted 8-shaped balun and the normal 8-shaped inductor L9, the degree of electromagnetic coupling between the two is adjusted, and then the electromagnetic coupling coefficient between the two is adjusted. The larger the electromagnetic coupling coefficient, the greater the power coupled output through the normal 8-shaped inductor L9.

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