Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation system based on multi-mode triggering mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to an in-aorta balloon counterpulsation system based on a multi-mode triggering mechanism, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. The system includes an intra-aortic balloon catheter; an electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor; an arterial pressure sensor; an ultrasonic Doppler sensor; a respiration monitoring sensor; a control unit; a driving device; a user interface module; a safety protection alarm module; a fault-tolerant mechanism module; and a data recording and analyzing module. By integrating an electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor, an arterial pressure sensor, an ultrasonic Doppler sensor, a respiration monitoring sensor and a multi-source signal acquisition module, the interference influence of a single signal is reduced, the risk of false triggering is reduced under complex conditions, the delicacy degree is greatly improved, an optimal inflation and deflation time window can be predicted through a machine learning algorithm, and the accuracy of the system is improved. The inflation and deflation strategy of the balloon is automatically adjusted, the optimal triggering mode is dynamically selected, the real-time physiological state change of a patient is adapted, the optimal treatment effect is achieved, and the manual calibration requirement is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation system based on a multimodal triggering mechanism, belonging to the technical field of medical devices. Background Art

[0002] First used clinically in 1968, intra-aortic balloon pump technology is now widely used for circulatory support in high-risk patients undergoing coronary intervention. The intra-aortic balloon pump system involves placing a specialized balloon catheter within the artery. Controlled by an electronic and pneumatic system, the balloon inflates during diastole and deflates during systole, increasing diastolic pressure and decreasing systolic pressure in the aorta, thereby increasing coronary blood flow and reducing cardiac afterload.

[0003] Conventional intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) systems rely primarily on a single ECG or arterial pressure signal to trigger balloon inflation and deflation. This system suffers from several drawbacks: Relying on a single signal is unstable, lacks precision, is susceptible to interference in complex conditions such as arrhythmias and hypotension, has a relatively high risk of false triggering, and has a fixed triggering mode that is difficult to adapt to real-time changes in the patient's physiological state. Therefore, the present invention provides an intra-aortic balloon pump system based on a multimodal triggering mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation system based on a multimodal triggering mechanism, which integrates a multi-source signal acquisition module to reduce the interference impact of a single signal, reduce the risk of false triggering in complex situations, greatly improve the sophistication, dynamically select the optimal triggering mode, adapt to the patient's real-time physiological state changes, and reduce the need for manual calibration.

[0005] The present invention provides an intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation system based on a multimodal triggering mechanism. The proposed technical solution is as follows: the system includes an intra-aortic balloon catheter, an inflatable and deflable balloon placed in the aorta, which is used to inflate during the heart's diastole to increase coronary blood flow and deflate during the systole to reduce left ventricular afterload; an electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor, which is used to monitor the heart's electrical activity and determine the heart's contraction and diastole cycles; an arterial pressure sensor, which is placed in the aorta or arterial system and is used to measure blood pressure changes in real time; an ultrasonic Doppler sensor, which is used to monitor the blood flow velocity or flow in the aorta; and a respiratory monitoring sensor, which is used to monitor the patient's respiratory rate and depth and adjust the balloon's pressure according to the respiratory cycle. Inflation and deflation timing; control unit, which contains advanced microprocessors and machine learning algorithms, used to process data from sensors and control the inflation and deflation of the balloon according to preset parameters and multimodal triggering mechanisms; drive device, including air pumps, valves and piping systems, used to provide inflation and deflation power to the intra-aortic balloon catheter; user interface module, including a display screen and operation buttons, used to display system status, patient physiological parameters and make necessary setting adjustments; safety protection alarm module, used for pressure over-limit alarm and arrhythmia identification; fault-tolerant mechanism module, used for abnormality detection and signal loss compensation; data recording and analysis module, which records key data during the treatment process for subsequent analysis and evaluation of treatment effects.

[0006] Furthermore, the system monitors the electrical activity of the heart, particularly the QRS complex and T wave, through electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, and the inflation and deflation of the balloon are synchronized with specific time points of the ECG, typically inflating during early ventricular diastole to increase coronary blood flow and deflated during ventricular systole to reduce left ventricular afterload.

[0007] Furthermore, the system monitors changes in blood pressure in the aorta, obtains data in real time through an arterial pressure sensor, and adjusts the timing of balloon inflation and deflation based on the waveform characteristics of arterial blood pressure, such as the pressure drop after the aortic valve opens and the pressure rise during ventricular systole.

[0008] Furthermore, the system monitors the blood flow velocity or volume in the aorta through an ultrasonic Doppler sensor, and adjusts the balloon inflation and deflation strategy according to the real-time changes in blood flow to optimize the perfusion of the coronary arteries and the unloading effect of the left ventricle.

[0009] Furthermore, the machine learning algorithm establishes a multi-signal time series association model through an LSTM neural network, inputs ECG, arterial pressure, blood flow velocity or flow, respiratory rate and depth multi-channel data parameters, updates the inflation volume algorithm parameters every 5 minutes, outputs the optimal trigger weight coefficient, dynamically selects the optimal trigger signal source, and provides real-time feedback, with the priority being: ECG>arterial pressure>blood flow changes>respiratory changes.

[0010] Furthermore, the intra-aortic balloon catheter is made of polyurethane material and coated with a heparin nano-coating on the surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressure over-limit alarm automatically suspends inflation when the aortic diastolic pressure is greater than 120 mmHg. The arrhythmia identification detects atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia through QRS complex and T wave variability, triggering mode switching.

[0012] Furthermore, the anomaly detection uses an isolation forest algorithm to identify abnormal sensor data and trigger a system self-check alarm; the signal loss compensation automatically switches to a hybrid mode when any signal source fails.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0014] By integrating electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors, arterial pressure sensors, ultrasonic Doppler sensors, and respiratory monitoring sensors, and integrating multi-source signal acquisition modules, the interference impact of single signals is reduced, and the risk of false triggering in complex situations is reduced. The sophistication is greatly improved. It can predict the optimal inflation and deflation time window through machine learning algorithms, automatically adjust the inflation and deflation strategy of the balloon, and dynamically select the optimal trigger mode to achieve the best treatment effect, adapt to the patient's real-time physiological state changes, and reduce the need for manual calibration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0016] The present invention provides an intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation system based on a multimodal triggering mechanism, comprising an intra-aortic balloon catheter, the intra-aortic balloon catheter being made of polyurethane material and coated with a heparin nano-coating on the surface to reduce the risk of thrombosis, an inflatable and deflable balloon placed in the aorta, being used to inflate during the diastole phase of the heart to increase coronary blood flow, and to deflate during the systole phase to reduce the afterload of the left ventricle; an electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor being used to monitor the electrical activity of the heart and determine the contraction and diastole cycles of the heart. The system monitors the electrical activity of the heart, particularly the QRS complex (cardiac depolarization) and the T wave (ventricular repolarization), through electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The inflation and deflation of the balloon are synchronized with specific time points of the electrocardiogram, usually inflated during the early ventricular diastole to increase coronary blood flow, and deflated during the ventricular systole to reduce the afterload of the left ventricle. Reduce left ventricular afterload; arterial pressure sensor, placed in the aorta or arterial system, used to measure blood pressure changes in real time. The system monitors blood pressure changes in the aorta, obtains data in real time through the arterial pressure sensor, and adjusts the inflation and deflation timing of the balloon according to the waveform characteristics of arterial blood pressure, such as the pressure drop after the aortic valve opens (diastole) and the pressure rise during ventricular systole; ultrasonic Doppler sensor, used to monitor the blood flow velocity or flow in the aorta. The system monitors the blood flow velocity or flow in the aorta through the ultrasonic Doppler sensor, and adjusts the balloon inflation and deflation strategy according to the real-time changes in blood flow to optimize coronary artery perfusion and left ventricular unloading effect; respiratory monitoring sensor, used to monitor the patient's respiratory rate and depth, and adjust the balloon inflation and deflation timing according to the respiratory cycle;

[0017] By integrating electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors, arterial pressure sensors, ultrasonic Doppler sensors, and respiratory monitoring sensors, and integrating multi-source signal acquisition modules, the impact of single signal interference is reduced, and the risk of false triggering is reduced in complex situations such as arrhythmia and hypotension.

[0018] The control unit includes an advanced microprocessor and machine learning algorithm, which is used to process data from sensors and control the inflation and deflation of the balloon according to preset parameters and multimodal triggering mechanisms. The machine learning algorithm establishes a multi-signal time series association model through an LSTM neural network, inputs ECG, arterial pressure, blood flow velocity or flow, respiratory rate and depth multi-channel data parameters, updates the inflation volume algorithm parameters every 5 minutes, outputs the optimal trigger weight coefficient, dynamically selects the optimal trigger signal source, and provides real-time feedback. The priority is: ECG>arterial pressure>blood flow changes>respiration changes. If ECG fails, it will automatically switch to arterial pressure triggering; the drive device includes an air pump, valves and piping system, which is used to provide power for inflation and deflation to the intra-aortic balloon catheter; the user interface module includes a display screen and operation buttons for displaying The system status, patient physiological parameters, and necessary settings adjustments are all monitored. The safety alarm module is used for pressure overlimit alarms and arrhythmia identification. Upon detecting an abnormal or potentially dangerous condition, an alarm is automatically triggered, alerting medical staff to take necessary intervention measures. The pressure overlimit alarm automatically suspends inflation when aortic diastolic pressure exceeds 120 mmHg. Arrhythmia identification uses QRS complex and T wave variability to detect atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia, triggering mode switching. The fault tolerance mechanism module is used for anomaly detection and signal loss compensation. Anomaly detection uses an isolation forest algorithm to identify abnormal sensor data and trigger a system self-test alarm. Signal loss compensation automatically switches to hybrid mode if any signal source fails. The data recording and analysis module records key data during treatment for subsequent analysis and evaluation of treatment outcomes, as well as for optimizing treatment plans. This module has significantly improved sophistication, using a machine learning algorithm to predict the optimal inflation and deflation time window, identify individual patient differences and changes in condition, update inflation algorithm parameters every 5 minutes, automatically adjust the balloon inflation and deflation strategy, and dynamically select the optimal triggering mode to adapt to the patient's real-time physiological state changes to achieve optimal treatment results and reduce the need for manual calibration.

[0019] The above description of the present invention and its embodiments is non-limiting, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by the above description and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, designs a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creatively designing, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation system based on a multimodal triggering mechanism, characterized by: The system includes an intra-aortic balloon catheter, which contains an inflatable balloon placed in the aorta and is designed to inflate during diastole to increase coronary blood flow and deflate during systole to reduce left ventricular afterload. An electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor monitors the heart's electrical activity and determines the cardiac contraction and relaxation cycles. An arterial pressure sensor is placed in the aorta or arterial system to measure blood pressure changes in real time. An ultrasonic Doppler sensor monitors blood flow velocity or volume in the aorta. A respiratory monitoring sensor monitors the patient's respiratory rate and depth and adjusts the balloon inflation and deflation sequence based on the respiratory cycle. A control unit, containing an advanced microprocessor and machine learning algorithms, processes data from the sensors and controls balloon inflation and deflation according to preset parameters and a multimodal trigger mechanism. A drive unit, including an air pump, valves, and a tubing system, provides power for inflation and deflation of the intra-aortic balloon catheter. A user interface module, including a display and operation buttons, displays system status, patient physiological parameters, and allows for necessary setting adjustments. A safety protection alarm module provides pressure over-limit alarms and arrhythmia identification. The fault-tolerant mechanism module is used for anomaly detection and signal loss compensation; the data recording and analysis module records key data during the treatment process for subsequent analysis and evaluation of treatment effects.

2. The intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation system based on a multimodal trigger mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system monitors the heart's electrical activity, particularly the QRS complex and T wave, through electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The inflation and deflation of the balloon are synchronized with specific time points on the ECG, typically inflating during early ventricular diastole to increase coronary blood flow and deflated during ventricular systole to reduce left ventricular afterload.

3. The intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation system based on a multimodal triggering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system monitors blood pressure changes in the aorta, obtains data in real time through an arterial pressure sensor, and adjusts the timing of balloon inflation and deflation based on the waveform characteristics of arterial blood pressure, such as the pressure drop after the aortic valve opens and the pressure rise during ventricular systole.

4. The intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation system based on a multimodal triggering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system monitors the blood flow velocity or volume in the aorta through an ultrasonic Doppler sensor, and adjusts the balloon inflation and deflation strategy according to the real-time changes in blood flow to optimize coronary artery perfusion and left ventricular unloading effects.

5. The intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation system based on a multimodal trigger mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine learning algorithm establishes a multi-signal time series association model through an LSTM neural network, inputs ECG, arterial pressure, blood flow velocity or flow, respiratory rate and depth multi-channel data parameters, updates the inflation volume algorithm parameters every 5 minutes, outputs the optimal trigger weight coefficient, dynamically selects the optimal trigger signal source, and provides real-time feedback. The priority is: ECG>arterial pressure>blood flow changes>respiration changes.

6. The intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation system based on a multimodal triggering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intra-aortic balloon catheter is made of polyurethane material and is coated with a heparin nano coating on its surface.

7. The intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation system based on a multimodal triggering mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure over-limit alarm automatically suspends inflation when the aortic diastolic pressure is greater than 120 mmHg. The arrhythmia recognition detects atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia through QRS complex and T wave variability, triggering mode switching.

8. The intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation system based on a multimodal triggering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anomaly detection uses the isolation forest algorithm to identify abnormal sensor data and trigger a system self-check alarm; the signal loss compensation automatically switches to a hybrid mode when any signal source fails.