Low-pressure casting mold and casting process for new energy mine truck water-cooling machine shell

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy mine truck water-cooling machine shell low-pressure casting mold and casting technology, an annular pressure storage cavity is formed in the position, above the parting surface of an upper mold steel core and a bottom mold steel core, of the upper mold steel core, an upper mold water-cooling cavity channel is formed in the upper mold steel core, and a bottom mold water-cooling cavity channel is formed in the bottom mold steel core; a plurality of feeding heads are arranged on the upper die on the top of the upper die steel core along with the shape, a plurality of positioning seats are evenly arranged on the bottom die on the outer side of the die steel core, positioning sliding plates are installed in openings of the positioning seats in a sliding mode, the pushing mechanism is used for driving the positioning sliding plates to ascend and descend, and four sprues are formed in the bottom die sand core in the 45-degree positioning direction. According to the mold structure, three-layer feeding is designed and matched with a two-layer chilling scheme, through feeding of the middle two layers, the height of a product is divided into two parts, the feeding effect is improved, and therefore the casting problem that the height of the product is large and the feeding distance is not enough is solved; and the positioning sliding plate for positioning the sand core can be automatically lifted, so that the feeding of casting liquid is prevented from being influenced, and the finished product quality of castings is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mold manufacturing equipment, and more specifically, to a low-pressure casting mold and a casting process for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of new energy mining trucks, water-cooled motor housings have become key components in these trucks. Their performance and quality play a decisive role in the vehicle's power transmission, stability, and reliability. Water-cooled motor housings in new energy mining trucks are characterized by large size, complex structure, uneven wall thickness, and fine heat dissipation channels. Traditional casting processes are prone to defects such as shrinkage cavities and porosity due to insufficient shrinkage compensation, which affects the mechanical properties and airtightness of the motor housing. Existing low-pressure casting molds and processes are unable to meet the high-quality molding requirements. There is an urgent need to design a targeted shrinkage compensation solution, mold structure, and corresponding casting process parameters to address the quality issues of large-scale water-cooled motor housings in mining trucks and enable mass production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-pressure casting mold and casting process for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a low-pressure casting mold and casting process for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck, comprising a bottom mold, an upper mold, a mold steel core, a sand core and four side molds, the four side molds surround the outside of the mold steel core, the upper mold steel core is installed on the upper mold plate, the bottom mold steel core is installed on the bottom mold plate, the mold steel core comprises an upper mold steel core and a bottom mold steel core, the bottom mold steel core is detachably installed on the bottom mold, the upper mold steel core is detachably installed on the upper mold, an annular pressure storage cavity is provided on the parting surface of the upper mold steel core and the bottom mold steel core, an upper mold water-cooling cavity is provided inside the upper mold steel core, and a bottom mold water cooling cavity is provided inside the bottom mold steel core. The cold cavity, the bottom mold water-cooling cavity and the upper mold water-cooling cavity are all connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe. The sand core is located between the side mold and the mold steel core. The top of the upper mold steel core is provided with multiple shrinkage feeders on the upper template. A plurality of positioning seats are evenly provided around the outside of the mold steel core. The positioning seats are fixedly installed on the bottom mold. The outside of the positioning seats is connected with an exhaust pipe. The positioning seat is U-shaped, and its opening faces the sand core. A positioning slide is slidably installed in the opening of the positioning seat. One side of the positioning slide is in contact with the sand core. A pushing mechanism is installed at the bottom of the bottom mold. The pushing mechanism is used to drive the positioning slide to lift and lower. Four gates are opened in the 45-degree direction for positioning the bottom mold sand core.

[0005] Preferably, the bottom mold surface is provided with a socket at the opening position of the positioning seat, and the positioning slide is inserted into the socket.

[0006] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes a screw motor and a threaded sleeve. The screw motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bottom mold. The screw shaft of the screw motor is cooperatively connected with the threaded sleeve. The lower ends of the multiple positioning slides are fixedly connected to the outer side of the threaded sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, a closing mechanism is installed on the upper portion of the bottom mold adjacent to the positioning seat, and when the positioning slide is separated from the socket, the closing mechanism closes the socket.

[0008] Preferably, the closing mechanism includes a sliding column, a spring and a closing plate. A sliding groove is provided on the upper part of the bottom mold adjacent to the positioning seat. A through hole is provided on the inner side of the sliding groove to pass through the corresponding socket. The closing plate is inserted in the north and south of the through hole. The sliding column is located in the sliding groove, and one side of the sliding column is fixedly connected to one end of the closing plate. The spring is located in the sliding groove, and one end of the spring is in elastic contact with the sliding column.

[0009] Preferably, heating rods are installed around the annular pressure storage chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the feeding riser is fan-shaped.

[0011] Preferably, a positioning groove is provided at one end of the bottom of the chute opening away from the positioning seat, and a positioning block having a size matching that of the positioning groove is fixedly provided at the bottom of the slide column.

[0012] A casting process for a low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck comprises the following steps: Before casting, preheat the side mold to 330-360℃, the upper mold steel core and the bottom mold steel core to 360-380℃, and the bottom mold to 420-450℃; The aluminum liquid temperature is controlled at 705-715℃, and then the aluminum liquid in the holding furnace is pressurized and poured from the pouring gate 11 from bottom to top; 15 seconds before pouring, the pouring pressure is maintained at 260 mbar, and then 18 seconds, 2 seconds, 4 seconds and 600-700 seconds later, the pouring pressure is 500 mbar, 500 mbar, 750 mbar and 750 mbar respectively; The water cooling time points of the upper mold water cooling channel 52 and the bottom mold water cooling channel 61 are 60 seconds after the start of pouring and 70 seconds after the start of pouring respectively, and the opening time is 50 seconds.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: The mold structure of the present invention is designed with three-layer feeding and a two-layer chilling scheme. The feeding of the middle two layers divides the product height into two parts to improve the feeding effect, thereby solving the casting problem of insufficient feeding distance for high-height products. The horizontal diameter direction has four gates extending the cross runner to directly overlap the casting body for feeding, shortening the feeding distance and improving the feeding effect. Exhaust is carried out through the positioning seat. Under the condition of the same negative pressure, the exhaust speed and exhaust volume can be increased, thus avoiding the problem that poor exhaust of the sand core may cause choking during the casting process and the product may be scrapped; The positioning slide for sand core positioning can be automatically raised and lowered. In the early stage of pouring, the sand core can be accurately positioned by the positioning slide to avoid its misalignment. After pouring, the positioning slide can automatically detach from the sand core to avoid it affecting the shrinkage of the casting liquid and improve the quality of the finished casting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the steel core of the mold of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck according to the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the bottom mold and sand core of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the bottom mold of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1. Bottom mold; 11. Gate; 12. Socket; 13. Slide groove; 14. Through hole; 15. Positioning groove; 2. Side mold; 3. Upper mold; 4. Sand core; 41. Positioning slide; 42. Screw motor; 43. Threaded sleeve; 5. Upper mold steel core; 51. Annular pressure storage chamber; 52. Upper mold water-cooling cavity; 53. Water inlet pipe; 54. Water outlet pipe; 55. Feeding riser; 6. Bottom mold steel core; 61. Bottom mold water-cooling cavity; 7. Positioning seat; 71. Exhaust pipe; 8. Closing mechanism; 81. Sliding column; 82. Positioning block; 83. Spring; 84. Closing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more precise definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] See Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, the present invention provides a low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck, comprising a bottom mold 1, an upper mold 3, an upper mold steel core 5, a bottom mold steel core 6, a sand core 4 and four side molds 2. The four side molds 2 are surrounded by the outside of the mold steel core, and the upper mold steel core 5 is installed on the upper mold 3. The mold steel core comprises an upper mold steel core 5 and a bottom mold steel core 6. The bottom mold steel core 6 is detachably installed on the bottom mold 1, and the upper mold steel core 5 is detachably installed on the upper mold 3. An annular pressure storage chamber 51 is provided on the parting surface between the bottom of the upper mold steel core 5 and the bottom mold steel core 6, an upper mold water-cooling cavity 52 is provided inside the upper mold steel core 5, a bottom mold water-cooling cavity 61 is provided inside the bottom mold steel core 6, and the bottom mold water-cooling cavity 61 and the upper mold water-cooling cavity 52 are both connected with a water inlet pipe 53 and a water outlet pipe 54. The sand core 4 is located between the side mold 2 and the mold steel core, and the top of the upper mold steel core 5 is on the upper mold 3. The mold is provided with multiple shrinkage feeders 55, and multiple positioning seats 7 are evenly provided around the outer side of the mold steel core. The positioning seats 7 are fixedly mounted on the bottom mold 1. The positioning seat 7 is long and has doubled the contact area between the positioning and the sand core body compared with the traditional round core head. Under the same negative pressure exhaust, the exhaust speed and exhaust volume can be greatly increased. The outer side of the positioning seat 7 is connected to the exhaust pipe 71, and the exhaust pipe 71 is connected to the compressed air machine. After the compressed air is turned on, negative pressure is formed to timely extract the gas emitted by the sand core 4 during the filling process. The positioning seat 7 is U-shaped, and its opening faces the sand core 4. A positioning slide 41 is slidably installed in the opening of the positioning seat 7, and one side of the positioning slide 41 contacts the sand core 4. A pushing mechanism is installed at the bottom of the bottom mold 1, and the pushing mechanism is used to drive the positioning slide 41 to rise and fall. The bottom mold 1 is provided with four gates 11 in the 45-degree direction of the sand core 4.

[0019] In this embodiment, the surface of the bottom mold 1 is provided with a socket 12 at the opening position of the positioning seat 7 , and the positioning slide plate 41 is inserted into the socket 12 .

[0020] In this embodiment, the pushing mechanism includes a screw motor 42 and a threaded sleeve 43. The screw motor 42 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the base mold 1. The screw shaft of the screw motor 42 is cooperatively connected with the threaded sleeve 43. The lower ends of the multiple positioning slides 41 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the threaded sleeve 43.

[0021] In this embodiment, a closing mechanism 8 is installed at the upper portion of the bottom mold 1 adjacent to the positioning seat 7 . When the positioning slide 41 is separated from the socket 12 , the closing mechanism 8 closes the socket 12 .

[0022] In this embodiment, the closing mechanism 8 includes a slide column 81, a spring 83 and a closing plate 84. A slide groove opening 13 is provided on the upper part of the bottom mold 1 adjacent to the positioning seat 7. A through hole 14 is provided on the inner side of the slide groove opening 13 and passes through the corresponding socket 12. The closing plate 84 is inserted in the north and south of the through hole 14. The slide column 81 is located in the slide groove opening 13, and one side of the slide column 81 is fixedly connected to one end of the closing plate 84. The spring 83 is located in the slide groove opening 13, and one end of the spring 83 is in elastic contact with the slide column 81.

[0023] In this embodiment, heating rods are installed around the annular pressure storage chamber 51. The heating of the heating rods can delay the solidification time of the aluminum liquid in the chamber. Under the action of pressure, the pressure storage chamber 51 can continuously shrink toward the middle part of the casing to improve the internal quality of the product.

[0024] In this embodiment, the feeding riser 55 is fan-shaped to facilitate exhaust and feeding. Before pouring, a rock wool sleeve is inserted into the riser to further improve the feeding capacity.

[0025] Furthermore, when the positioning slide 41 needs to be replaced or removed, in order to keep the slide post 81 in the corresponding position, in this embodiment, a positioning groove 15 is provided at one end of the bottom of the slide groove mouth 13 away from the position of the positioning seat 7, and a positioning block 82 matching the size of the positioning groove 15 is fixed at the bottom of the slide post 81. The positioning block 82 can be engaged with the positioning groove 15 to achieve the stability of the slide post 81.

[0026] A casting process for a low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck comprises the following steps: Before casting, preheat the side mold 2 to 330-360℃, the upper mold steel core 5 and the bottom mold steel core 6 to 360-380℃, and the bottom mold 1 to 420-450℃; The aluminum liquid temperature is controlled at 705-715℃, and then the aluminum liquid in the holding furnace is pressurized and poured from the pouring gate 11 from bottom to top; 15 seconds before pouring, the pouring pressure is maintained at 260 mbar, and then 18 seconds, 2 seconds, 4 seconds and 600-700 seconds later, the pouring pressure is 500 mbar, 500 mbar, 750 mbar and 750 mbar respectively; The water cooling time points of the upper mold water cooling channel 52 and the bottom mold water cooling channel 61 are 60 seconds after the start of pouring and 70 seconds after the start of pouring respectively, and the opening time is 50 seconds.

[0027] Through comparative experiments, it was found that when the above casting parameters were used, the water-cooled casing of the mining truck produced was of good quality, with a yield rate of over 95%.

[0028] Although the embodiments of the present invention are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the patent owner may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the appended claims. As long as they do not exceed the scope of protection described in the claims of the present invention, they should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-pressure casting mold and casting process for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck, comprising a bottom mold, an upper mold, a mold steel core, a sand core, and four side molds. The four side molds surround the outside of the mold steel core. The upper mold steel core is mounted on the upper mold plate, and the bottom mold steel core is mounted on the bottom mold plate. The characteristics are: The mold steel core includes an upper mold steel core and a bottom mold steel core, the bottom mold steel core is detachably mounted on the bottom mold, the upper mold steel core is detachably mounted on the upper mold, an annular pressure storage cavity is provided on the bottom of the upper mold steel core and the parting surface of the bottom mold steel core, an upper mold water-cooling cavity is provided inside the upper mold steel core, a bottom mold water-cooling cavity is provided inside the bottom mold steel core, the bottom mold water-cooling cavity and the upper mold water-cooling cavity are both connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the sand core is located between the side mold and the mold steel core, the upper mold A plurality of feeding risers are provided on the upper template at the top of the steel core. A plurality of positioning seats are evenly provided around the outside of the mold steel core. The positioning seats are fixedly installed on the bottom mold. An exhaust pipe is connected to the outside of the positioning seat. The positioning seat is U-shaped, and its opening faces the sand core. A positioning slide is slidably installed in the opening of the positioning seat. One side of the positioning slide contacts the sand core. A pushing mechanism is installed at the bottom of the bottom mold. The pushing mechanism is used to drive the positioning slide to rise and fall. The bottom mold has four gates at 45 degrees to the sand core positioning direction.

2. The low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom mold surface is provided with a socket at the opening position of the positioning seat, and the positioning slide plate is inserted into the socket.

3. The low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism includes a screw motor and a threaded sleeve. The screw motor is fixedly installed on the bottom of the bottom mold. The screw shaft of the screw motor is cooperatively connected with the threaded sleeve. The lower ends of the multiple positioning slides are fixedly connected to the outer side of the threaded sleeve.

4. The low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck according to claim 2, characterized in that: A closing mechanism is installed on the upper portion of the bottom mold adjacent to the positioning seat. When the positioning slide is separated from the socket, the closing mechanism closes the socket.

5. The low-pressure casting mold for the water-cooling casing of a new energy mining truck according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The closing mechanism includes a slide column, a spring and a closing plate. A slide groove is provided on the upper part of the bottom mold adjacent to the positioning seat. A through hole is provided on the inner side of the slide groove, which passes through the corresponding socket. The closing plate is inserted in the north and south of the through hole. The slide column is located in the slide groove, and one side of the slide column is fixedly connected to one end of the closing plate. The spring is located in the slide groove, and one end of the spring is in elastic contact with the slide column.

6. The low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: Heating rods are installed around the annular pressure storage chamber.

7. The low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding riser is fan-shaped.

8. The low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck according to claim 5, characterized in that: A positioning groove is formed at one end of the bottom of the chute opening away from the positioning seat, and a positioning block having a size matching that of the positioning groove is fixedly provided at the bottom of the slide column.

9. The casting process of the low-pressure casting mold for the water-cooling casing of a new energy mining truck according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Before casting, preheat the side mold to 330-360℃, the mold steel core and bottom mold steel core to 360-380℃, and the bottom mold to 420-450℃; The temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 705-715℃, and then the molten aluminum in the holding furnace is pressurized and poured from the bottom to the top through the pouring gate; 15 seconds before pouring, the pouring pressure is maintained at 260 mbar, and then 18 seconds, 2 seconds, 4 seconds and 600-700 seconds later, the pouring pressure is 500 mbar, 500 mbar, 750 mbar and 750 mbar respectively; The water-cooling time points of the upper mold water-cooling cavity and the bottom mold water-cooling cavity are 60 seconds and 70 seconds after the start of pouring, respectively, and the opening time is 50 seconds.

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