Vehicle window glass, vehicle window assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides vehicle window glass, a vehicle window assembly and a vehicle. The vehicle window glass comprises an information acquisition area; the vehicle window glass further comprises a first glass plate, a second glass plate and a middle layer clamped between the first glass plate and the second glass plate. The vehicle window glass further comprises a first heating element and a second heating element, and the first heating element and the second heating element are both located in the information collection area in the thickness direction of the vehicle window glass. The first heating element is arranged between the first glass plate and the second glass plate, and the second heating element is arranged on the side, back to the middle layer, of the second glass plate. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the heating effect of the information acquisition area can be improved, and demisting, defrosting and ice and snow removal can be carried out in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a vehicle window assembly, a vehicle window assembly and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of vehicle technology, intelligent and connected vehicles are becoming the main trends in future vehicle development. Information collection devices, such as visible light cameras, millimeter-wave radars, lidars, and ultrasonic radars, are installed near the top of the front windshield. These devices capture the driving environment outside the vehicle and process it into image data to assist in intelligent driving. An information collection area is provided on the front windshield to allow the device's signals to pass through.

[0003] In environments with large temperature differences between the interior and exterior of a vehicle, the surface of the front windshield can form mist, frost, or even ice. To prevent this mist, frost, or ice from affecting the transmission of signals from the information collection device through the information collection area, a heating structure is installed in the information collection area to heat the area and achieve demisting, defrosting, and ice and snow removal. However, existing heating structures do not effectively heat the information collection area, preventing timely demisting, defrosting, and ice and snow removal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a vehicle window assembly, a vehicle window assembly and a vehicle, which can improve the heating effect of the information collection area and timely defog, defrost, and remove ice and snow.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle window glass, wherein the vehicle window glass includes an information collection area;

[0006] The vehicle window glass further includes a first glass plate, a second glass plate, and an intermediate layer sandwiched between the first glass plate and the second glass plate;

[0007] The vehicle window glass further comprises a first heating element and a second heating element, and along the thickness direction of the vehicle window glass, the first heating element and the second heating element are both located in the information collection area;

[0008] The first heating element is arranged between the first glass plate and the second glass plate, and the second heating element is arranged on a side of the second glass plate facing away from the intermediate layer.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first glass plate includes a first surface and a second surface, the first surface and the second surface are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the first glass plate, and the first surface serves as the outer surface of the first glass plate;

[0010] The second glass plate includes a third surface and a fourth surface, the third surface and the fourth surface are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the second glass plate, and the fourth surface serves as an outer surface of the second glass plate;

[0011] The intermediate layer is located between the second surface and the third surface;

[0012] The first heating element is disposed on the second surface, or is embedded in a side of the intermediate layer facing the first glass plate, or is embedded in an interior of the intermediate layer.

[0013] In one embodiment, the first heating element is disposed on the second surface of the first glass plate, and a material of the first heating element is selected from at least one of printed silver paste wire, nano silver wire, carbon fiber wire, and graphene heating sheet.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first heating element is disposed on a side of the intermediate layer facing the first glass plate, and a material of the first heating element is selected from metal wire or enameled wire.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first heating element is embedded in the middle layer, and the material of the first heating element is selected from single silver nanocoating, double silver nanocoating, triple silver nanocoating, quadruple silver nanocoating, ITO nanocoating, FTO nanocoating, AZO nanocoating, printed silver paste line, nano silver wire, carbon fiber wire or graphene heating sheet.

[0016] In one embodiment, the intermediate layer includes a first sublayer, a second sublayer and a third sublayer. Along the thickness direction of the intermediate layer, the first sublayer, the third sublayer and the second sublayer are stacked, and the first heating element is arranged on a surface of the third sublayer in the thickness direction.

[0017] In one embodiment, the materials of the first sub-layer and the second sub-layer are selected from PVB, and the material of the third sub-layer is selected from PET.

[0018] In one embodiment, the vehicle window glass further includes a heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation layer is arranged on the second surface of the first glass plate or the third surface of the second glass plate, avoiding the information collection area.

[0019] In one embodiment, the vehicle window glass further comprises a functional component, wherein the functional component comprises a glass sheet and a functional layer, and along the thickness direction of the vehicle window glass, the glass sheet and the functional layer are sequentially laminated on a surface of the second glass plate facing away from the intermediate layer;

[0020] The second heating element is disposed on a side of the glass sheet facing away from the second glass plate, or the second heating element is disposed on a side of the glass sheet close to the second glass plate.

[0021] In one embodiment, the second heating element is arranged on the side of the glass sheet facing away from the second glass plate, and the material of the second heating element is selected from at least one of ITO nanocoating, FTO nanocoating, AZO nanocoating, printed silver paste line, nano silver wire, carbon fiber wire, and graphene heating sheet.

[0022] In one embodiment, the second heating element is arranged on the side of the glass sheet facing the second glass plate, and the material of the second heating element is selected from at least one of a single silver nanocoating, a double silver nanocoating, a triple silver nanocoating, a quadruple silver nanocoating, an ITO nanocoating, a FTO nanocoating, an AZO nanocoating, a printed silver paste line, a nanosilver wire, a carbon fiber wire, and a graphene heating sheet.

[0023] In one embodiment, the thickness of the glass sheet is less than or equal to 1.1 mm.

[0024] In one embodiment, the vehicle window glass further includes an adhesive layer, and the functional component is connected to the second glass plate via the adhesive layer.

[0025] In one embodiment, the bonding layer is optical adhesive, and the thickness of the optical adhesive is less than or equal to 500 μm.

[0026] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle window assembly, which includes an information collection device and the vehicle window glass. The information collection device faces the vehicle window glass and is arranged opposite to the information collection area.

[0027] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body, a power source, and the window assembly, wherein the window assembly is mounted on the vehicle body, and the information collection device is located inside the vehicle;

[0028] When the vehicle window glass includes a first heating element and a second heating element, the power supply controls the first heating element and the second heating element simultaneously or individually to heat the information collection area.

[0029] In the related art, most vehicle window glasses use a single heating structure to heat the information collection area, which is unable to achieve defog, defrost, and remove ice and snow from the information collection area in a timely manner.

[0030] First, existing vehicle window glass is mostly a sandwich structure, with the intermediate base layer often made of PVB material, which has excellent thermal insulation properties. The heating structure is directly or indirectly located on the fourth surface of the window glass within the information collection area. The heat generated by the heating structure is blocked by the intermediate layer and cannot be promptly transferred to the first surface of the window glass. Consequently, the heating effect on the first surface of the window glass within the information collection area is poor, preventing timely defrosting, ice, and snow removal. This leads to poor visibility in the information collection area, making it difficult to accurately ensure that the signal from the information collection device passes through the information collection area.

[0031] In this embodiment, a first heating element is added to the vehicle window glass. This first heating element is located within the information collection area and is disposed between the intermediate layer and the first glass sheet. When energized, the first heating element rapidly transfers heat to the first surface of the first glass sheet, promptly defrosting, removing ice and snow from the first surface and improving the heating effect of the vehicle window glass. Furthermore, this prevents frost, ice and snow from affecting the visibility of the information collection area, ensuring that the signal from the information collection device accurately transmits through the information collection area.

[0032] Secondly, existing heating structures can be transparent resin films equipped with electrodes and circuits, or they can be transparent resin films equipped with transparent conductive film layers and conductive silver paste busbars, such as transparent PET substrates. The heating structure is adhered to the fourth surface of the window glass within the information collection area with an adhesive to perform defogger, defrost, and ice and snow removal in the information collection area. However, transparent resin films have poor heat resistance and are not only susceptible to deformation or degradation when exposed to high temperatures for extended periods, but also suffer from poor UV and chemical stability, which affects the heating effect of the window glass.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, a glass sheet is used instead of a transparent resin film as a supporting structure to support the second heating element. Compared with the transparent resin film, the glass sheet has better heat resistance and better stability, thus avoiding affecting the heating effect of the vehicle window glass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle provided for this application;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A simplified structural diagram of a vehicle window assembly is shown;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a window glass of a window assembly shown;

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3A schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an intermediate layer of a vehicle window pane is shown.

[0038] The nouns corresponding to the reference numerals in the figures are:

[0039] Vehicle 1000, window assembly 100, window glass 10, information collection area 101, non-information collection area 102, first glass plate 11, first surface 111, second surface 112, intermediate layer 12, first sublayer 121, second sublayer 122, third sublayer 123, second glass plate 13, third surface 131, fourth surface 132, thermal insulation layer 14, first heating element 15, adhesive layer 16, functional component 17, glass sheet 18, first surface 181, second surface 182, second heating element 19, functional layer 20, information collection device 30, vehicle body 200. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. And "multiple" in this application refers to two or more.

[0042] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 The structural diagram of the vehicle provided for this application is: Figure 2 for Figure 1 The structure of the vehicle window assembly is shown in FIG.

[0043] The embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle 1000, such as Figure 1The vehicle 1000 may be, but is not limited to, a sedan, a multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), a sport utility vehicle (SUV), an off-road vehicle (ORV), a pickup truck, a van, a bus, a truck, etc. In the specific implementation of this application, the vehicle 1000 takes a sedan as an example.

[0044] For ease of description, in this application, the width direction of the vehicle 1000 is defined as the X-axis direction, the length direction is defined as the Y-axis direction, and the height direction is defined as the Z-axis direction; wherein the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions are perpendicular to each other.

[0045] It should be noted that the directional terms such as "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "front" and "back" mentioned in the description of this application are based on the Figure 1 The description of the orientation of the vehicle 1000 shown is based on the forward direction in the length direction of the vehicle 1000 as the positive direction of the X-axis, the direction from the left to the right in the width direction of the vehicle 1000 as the positive direction of the Y-axis, and the direction facing away from the ground in the width direction of the vehicle 1000 as the positive direction of the Z-axis.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, vehicle 1000 includes a window assembly 100, a vehicle body 200, and a power source (not shown). Window assembly 100 includes window glass 10 and an information collection device 30. Window glass 10 is mounted on vehicle body 200 and installed in an opening therein. Information collection device 30 is located inside vehicle 1000. Information collection device 30 can be used for image acquisition, navigation, ranging, and positioning, thereby facilitating assisted or autonomous driving of vehicle 1000.

[0047] Considering the application scenario of providing the information collection device 30 for the vehicle 1000, the vehicle window glass 10 may be, but is not limited to, the front windshield, side windows, rear windshield, sunroof, corner windows, etc. of the vehicle 1000. The vehicle window assembly 100 may be, for example, a front windshield assembly, a side window assembly, a rear windshield assembly, a sunroof assembly, corner window assembly, etc. The vehicle window glass 10 of the embodiment of the present application is described and illustrated using the front windshield as an example, and the vehicle window assembly 100 is described and illustrated using the front windshield assembly as an example.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the vehicle window glass 10 includes an information collection area 101 and a non-information collection area 102, and the non-information collection area 102 surrounds and connects the edge of the information collection area 101. The information collection area 101 can provide a signal transmission area for the information collection device 30 to collect signals. It can be understood that the information collection device 30 is arranged opposite to the information collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 10, and the signals transmitted and / or received by the information collection device 30 will all pass through the information collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 10. Figure 2 The area between the two dotted lines represents the information collection area 101.

[0049] The information collection device 30 may be, but is not limited to, a combination of one or more of a visible light camera, a near-infrared camera, a thermal imager, a rain sensor, a laser radar, a millimeter-wave radar, an ultrasonic radar, and an on-board communication device. The number of information collection devices 30 may be, but is not limited to, one, two, three, four, or more. The information collection device 30 in the embodiments of the present application is described using a laser radar as an example. The information collection area 101 provides a signal transmission area for the laser radar to collect signals. The laser radar transmits detection signals to the exterior of the vehicle 1000 through the information collection area 101 and receives target signals reflected from the exterior of the vehicle 1000. Both the detection signal and the target signal pass through the information collection area 101 and are laser beams. The laser radar compares and processes the detection signal and the target signal to obtain driving environment information outside the vehicle 1000, such as distance, direction, altitude, speed, and shape. It is understood that the information collection area 101 can be considered the projection window of the laser radar.

[0050] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 for Figure 2 The schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of the window glass of the window assembly is shown.

[0051] In this embodiment, the vehicle window glass 10 is a laminated glass structure. The vehicle window glass 10 comprises a first glass sheet 11, an intermediate layer 12, and a second glass sheet 13. The first glass sheet 11, intermediate layer 12, and second glass sheet 13 are stacked sequentially along the thickness direction of the vehicle window glass 10. When the vehicle window glass 10 is installed in the vehicle body 200, the first glass sheet 11 faces the exterior of the vehicle 1000, while the second glass sheet 13 faces the interior of the vehicle 1000.

[0052] The first glass sheet 11 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112. The first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are arranged opposite each other along the thickness direction of the first glass sheet 11. When the vehicle window glass 10 is installed on the vehicle body 200, the first surface 111 of the first glass sheet 11 faces the exterior of the vehicle 1000 and serves as the outer surface of the first glass sheet 11. This outer surface is the surface of the vehicle window glass 10 that contacts the air outside the vehicle 1000. The second surface 112 of the first glass sheet 11 faces the interlayer 12 and serves as the inner surface of the first glass sheet 11. In this embodiment, the first glass sheet 11 is made of ultra-clear float glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm. The thickness and material of the first glass sheet 11 are selected based on actual needs in this embodiment and are not strictly limited herein.

[0053] The second glass sheet 13 includes a third surface 131 and a fourth surface 132. The third surface 131 and the fourth surface 132 are arranged opposite each other along the thickness direction of the second glass sheet 13. When the vehicle window glass 10 is installed in the vehicle body 200, the fourth surface 132 of the second glass sheet 13 faces the interior of the vehicle 1000 and serves as the exterior surface of the second glass sheet 13. This exterior surface also serves as the interior surface of the vehicle window glass 10, which is the surface of the vehicle window glass 10 that contacts the air inside the vehicle 1000. The third surface 131 of the second glass sheet 13 faces the interlayer 12 and serves as the interior surface of the second glass sheet 13. In this embodiment, the second glass sheet 13 is made of ultra-clear float glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm. The thickness and material of the second glass sheet 13 are selected based on actual needs and are not strictly limited herein.

[0054] The interlayer 12 is positioned between the second surface 112 of the first glass sheet 11 and the third surface 131 of the second glass sheet 13. The interlayer 12 not only bonds the first and second glass sheets 11, 13 together, enhancing the structural strength of the vehicle window glass 10, but also bonds the second glass sheet 13 to glass fragments generated by shattering the first glass sheet 11. This reduces the likelihood of glass fragments flying after the first and / or second glass sheets 11 and 13 break, preventing injuries to drivers and passengers from glass fragments, ensuring their safety and enabling the vehicle window glass 10 to meet safety standards and regulatory requirements in a wider range of scenarios.

[0055] The intermediate layer 12 may be, but is not limited to, a transparent thermoplastic polymer film or a colored thermoplastic polymer film. The thermoplastic polymer film may be made of at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and ionomer (SGP). In this embodiment, the intermediate layer 12 is made of PVB.

[0056] The middle layer 12 may be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure, and examples of the multi-layer structure include a double-layer structure, a triple-layer structure, a quadruple-layer structure, a five-layer structure, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of layers of the middle layer 12, and it can be selected according to actual needs.

[0057] The vehicle window glass 10 also includes a heat-insulating layer 14. The heat-insulating layer 14 is located in the non-information collection area 102 of the vehicle window glass 10. That is, along the thickness direction of the vehicle window glass 10, the orthographic projection of the heat-insulating layer 14 is completely located in the non-information collection area 102, and is completely offset from the information collection area 101. It is understandable that the vehicle window glass 10 does not have a heat-insulating layer 14 in the information collection area 101, and the heat-insulating layer 14 will not affect the signal of the information collection device 30 from passing through the information collection area 101. The heat-insulating layer 14 can be provided on the second surface 112 of the first glass plate 11 or the third surface 131 of the second glass plate 13. In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the heat insulation layer 14 is disposed on the second surface 112 of the first glass plate 11 and avoids the information collection area 101 .

[0058] The thermal insulation layer 14 can be, but is not limited to, at least one of a single silver nanocoating, a double silver nanocoating, a triple silver nanocoating, a quadruple silver nanocoating, an ITO nanocoating, a FTO nanocoating, and an infrared-blocking microcoating. The thermal insulation layer 14 is used to reflect infrared rays, shielding against solar energy, improving thermal comfort within the vehicle 1000 and thus providing the thermal insulation function of the vehicle window glass 10. In this embodiment, a single silver nanocoating is used as the thermal insulation layer 14 for illustration.

[0059] The vehicle window glass 10 further includes a first heating element 15. The first heating element 15 is disposed within the information collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 10. That is, along the thickness direction of the vehicle window glass 10, the orthographic projection of the first heating element 15 is completely located within the information collection area 101 and is offset from the non-information collection area 102. The first heating element 15 is disposed on the second surface 112 of the first glass plate 11, or is embedded on the side of the intermediate layer 12 close to the first glass plate 11 in the thickness direction, or is embedded within the intermediate layer 12. In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the first heating element 15 is connected to the second surface 112 of the first glass plate 11 and is embedded in the thickness direction of the intermediate layer 12 on the side close to the first glass plate 11. The first heating element 15 is used to heat the first surface 111 of the first glass plate 11 in the information collection area 101.

[0060] It should be noted that before the first glass plate 11, the intermediate layer 12, and the second glass plate 13 are laminated, the first heating element 15 can be first disposed on the second surface 112 of the first glass plate 11. Alternatively, the first heating element 15 can be first disposed on the side of the intermediate layer 12 close to the first glass plate 11 in the thickness direction. Alternatively, the first heating element 15 can be first embedded inside the intermediate layer 12. After the first glass plate 11, the intermediate layer 12, and the second glass plate 13 are laminated through high-temperature forming, the first heating element 15 first disposed on the second surface 112 of the first glass plate 11 or first disposed on the side of the intermediate layer 12 close to the first glass plate 11 in the thickness direction is connected to the second surface 112 of the first glass plate 11 and embedded in the side of the intermediate layer 12 close to the first glass plate 11, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 shown.

[0061] When the first heating element 15 is initially disposed on the second surface 112 of the first glass plate 11, the material of the first heating element 15 can be selected from at least one of printed silver paste wire, nano silver wire, carbon fiber wire, and graphene heating sheet. For example, the material of the first heating element 15 is printed silver paste wire.

[0062] When the first heating element 15 is first disposed on a side of the intermediate layer 12 close to the first glass plate 11 in the thickness direction, the material of the first heating element 15 can be selected from metal wire or enameled wire.

[0063] When the first heating element 15 is first embedded in the interior of the intermediate layer 12, the material of the first heating element 15 can be selected from single silver nano coating, double silver nano coating, triple silver nano coating, quadruple silver nano coating, ITO nano coating, FTO nano coating, AZO nano coating, printed silver paste line, nano silver wire, carbon fiber wire or graphene heating sheet. At this time, the intermediate layer 12 has a multi-layer structure, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 for Figure 3The figure shows a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the intermediate layer of the vehicle window glass. The intermediate layer 12 includes a first sublayer 121, a second sublayer 122, and a third sublayer 123. Along the thickness direction of the intermediate layer 12, the first sublayer 121, the third sublayer 123, and the second sublayer 122 are stacked in sequence. The first heating element 15 is arranged on a surface of the third sublayer 123 in the thickness direction. When the first heating element 15 is located between the first sublayer 121 and the third sublayer 123, the first heating element 15 is connected to the first sublayer 121 and the third sublayer 123, and the third sublayer 123 is connected to the second sublayer 122. When the first heating element 15 can also be located between the third sublayer 123 and the second sublayer 122, the first heating element 15 is connected to the second sublayer 122 and the third sublayer 123, and the third sublayer 123 is connected to the first sublayer 121. In this embodiment, the material of the first sublayer 121 and the second sublayer 122 can be selected from PVB. The material of the third sublayer 123 can be selected from PET.

[0064] It should be noted that the heating effect of the first heating element 15 on the first surface 111 of the first glass plate 11 in the information collection area 101 is slightly different when the first heating element 15 is first arranged on the second surface 112 of the first glass plate 11, the first heating element 15 is first arranged on the side of the intermediate layer 12 close to the first glass plate 11 in the thickness direction, or the first heating element 15 is first embedded in the interior of the intermediate layer 12. The slight difference can be ignored here.

[0065] In other possible embodiments, the first heating element 15 is connected to the second glass sheet 13 and embedded in the side of the interlayer 12 facing the second glass sheet 13. Before the first glass sheet 11, the interlayer 12, and the second glass sheet 13 are joined together, the first heating element 15 can be initially positioned on the third surface 131 of the second glass sheet 13. Alternatively, the first heating element 15 can be initially positioned on the side of the interlayer 12 near the second glass sheet 13. After the first glass sheet 11, the interlayer 12, and the second glass sheet 13 are joined together through high-temperature forming, the first heating element 15 initially positioned on the third surface 131 of the second glass sheet 13 or on the side of the interlayer 12 near the second glass sheet 13 is connected to the third surface 131 of the second glass sheet 13 and embedded in the side of the interlayer 12 near the second glass sheet 13.

[0066] like Figure 3As shown, the vehicle window glass 10 also includes an adhesive layer 16 and a functional component 17. Along the thickness direction of the vehicle window glass 10, the adhesive layer 16 and the functional component 17 are stacked and connected. The adhesive layer 16 and the functional component 17 are both completely located in the information collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 10. That is, along the thickness direction of the vehicle window glass 10, the orthographic projections of the adhesive layer 16 and the functional component 17 are both completely within the information collection area 101. In this embodiment, the material of the adhesive layer 16 is selected from optical glue (such as OCA glue). The thickness of the optical glue is less than or equal to 500 μm. Preferably, the thickness of the optical glue is less than or equal to 300 μm.

[0067] Functional assembly 17 includes a glass sheet 18, a second heating element 19, and a functional layer 20. The second heating element 19 and functional layer 20 are stacked on the glass sheet 18 along the thickness of functional assembly 17. The orthographic projections of the glass sheet 18, second heating element 19, and functional layer 20 are all located completely within information collection area 101. Glass sheet 18 supports the second heating element 19 and functional layer 20. The second heating element 19 is used to heat the fourth surface 132 of the second glass plate 13 within information collection area 101. Functional layer 20 can be selected from an AF layer, a hydrophobic film layer, an AR layer, a hydrophobic film layer, an anti-reflective film layer, a hydrophilic film layer, an oleophobic film layer, or an anti-fog film layer. For example, functional layer 20 can be an infrared anti-reflective layer. The specific function of functional layer 20 can be selected based on actual needs.

[0068] The glass sheet 18 includes a first surface 181 and a second surface 182. The first surface 181 and the second surface 182 are disposed opposite each other along the thickness direction of the glass sheet 18. In this embodiment, the thickness of the glass sheet 18 is less than or equal to 1.1 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the glass sheet 18 is less than or equal to 0.5 mm. For example, the glass sheet 18 is made of ultra-clear float glass with a thickness of 0.5 mm.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first surface 181 of the glass sheet 18 is connected to the adhesive layer 16. The second heating element 19 and the functional layer 20 are disposed on the same side of the glass sheet 18 in the thickness direction, and on the side of the glass sheet 18 facing away from the second glass plate 13. The second heating element 19 is disposed on the second surface 182 of the glass sheet 18. The functional layer 20 is disposed on the side of the second heating element 19 facing away from the glass sheet 18. The material of the second heating element 19 can be selected from at least one of an ITO nanocoating, an FTO nanocoating, an AZO nanocoating, a printed silver paste line, a nanosilver wire, a carbon fiber wire, and a graphene heating sheet.

[0070] In other embodiments, the second heating element 19 and the functional layer 20 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the glass sheet 18 in the thickness direction. The second heating element 19 can be disposed on the side of the glass sheet 18 proximal to the second glass plate 13. Specifically, the second heating element 19 can be disposed between the glass sheet 18 and the adhesive layer 16, and connected to the first side 181 of the glass sheet 18 and the adhesive layer 16, while the functional layer 20 is disposed on the second side 182 of the glass sheet 18. The material of the second heating element 19 can be selected from at least one of a single silver nanocoating, a double silver nanocoating, a triple silver nanocoating, a quadruple silver nanocoating, an ITO nanocoating, a FTO nanocoating, an AZO nanocoating, a printed silver paste line, a silver nanowire, a carbon fiber conductor, and a graphene heating sheet.

[0071] It should be noted that the glass sheet 18, the second heating element 19, and the functional layer 20 can be integrally formed into the functional assembly 17 and then bonded to the fourth surface 132 of the second glass plate 13 via the adhesive layer 16. Alternatively, the glass sheet 18 can first be bonded to the fourth surface 132 of the second glass plate 13 via the adhesive layer 16, and then the second heating element 19 and the functional layer 20 can be sequentially laminated and connected to the second surface 182 of the glass sheet 18. This application is not strictly limited to this.

[0072] In this embodiment, along the thickness direction of the non-information collection area 102 of the vehicle window glass 10, the first glass sheet 11, the insulation layer 14, the intermediate layer 12, and the second glass sheet 13 are stacked and connected in sequence. Along the thickness direction of the information collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 10, the first glass sheet 11, the first heating element 15, the intermediate layer 12, the second glass sheet 13, the adhesive layer 16, the glass sheet 18, the second heating element 19, and the functional layer 20 are stacked and connected in sequence. The information collection device 30 faces the information collection area 101 and is positioned opposite the functional layer 20. The first heating element 15 and the second heating element 19 are electrically connected to the power supply of the vehicle 1000. The first heating element 15 removes ice, snow, and frost from the first surface 111 of the first glass sheet 11 within the information collection area 101. The second heating element 19 removes fog from the fourth surface 132 of the second glass sheet 13 within the information collection area 101. The power supply can simultaneously control the first heating element 15 and the second heating element 19 to achieve simultaneous heating of the first surface 111 of the first glass sheet 11 and the fourth surface 132 of the second glass sheet 13. Alternatively, based on different heating requirements, the power supply can separately control the first heating element 15 and the second heating element 19 to achieve independent heating of the first surface 111 of the first glass sheet 11 and the fourth surface 132 of the second glass sheet 13.

[0073] Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 are referenced below. In Comparative Example 1, the information collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 10 is heated using a single heating element, while in Example 1, the vehicle window glass 10 is heated using two heating elements. An infrared thermometer was used to measure the hotspot temperature of the information collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 10 when the heating element was powered on. A heating simulation was then performed on the vehicle window glass 10 to calculate the defrosted area of the information collection area 101 in the powered-on state. By comparing the temperature of the information collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 10 and the size of the defrosted area in the Comparative Example 1 and Example 1, the difference in heating effect between the vehicle window glass 10 using a single heating element and using two heating elements was determined.

[0074] Comparative Example 1

[0075] Two ultra-white float glasses with a thickness of 2.1 mm were selected as the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 13, respectively; a single silver nanocoating with a thickness of 100 nm was used as the thermal insulation layer 14; a PVB layer with a thickness of 0.76 mm was used as the intermediate layer 12; an OCA adhesive layer with a thickness of 300 μm was used as the bonding layer 16; a thin electronic-grade glass with a thickness of 0.5 mm was used as the glass sheet 18; an ITO nanocoating with a thickness of 150 nm was used as the second heating element 19; and an infrared anti-reflection layer was used as the functional layer 20.

[0076] The ambient temperature of the vehicle window glass 10 is 25°C, the operating voltage of the power supply is 12V, and the power supply is energized to the second heating element 19 for 30 minutes. The maximum temperature of the fourth surface 132 of the vehicle window glass 10 in the information collection area 101 is measured to be 57.2°C, and the maximum temperature of the first surface 111 of the vehicle window glass 10 in the information collection area 101 is measured to be 34.2°C.

[0077] The ambient temperature of the vehicle window glass 10 is -20°C, the operating voltage of the power supply is 12V, the first surface 111 of the vehicle window glass 10 is covered with an ice layer with a thickness of 0.045 mm, the power supply energizes the second heating element 19 for 30 minutes, and the defrosted area in the measured information collection area 101 is 50.3%.

[0078] Example 1

[0079] Two ultra-white float glasses with a thickness of 2.1 mm were selected as the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 13 respectively, a single silver nano-coating with a thickness of 100 nm was used as the thermal insulation layer 14, a silver paste line was printed on the second surface 112 of the first glass plate 11 as the first heating element 15, a PVB layer with a thickness of 0.76 mm was used as the intermediate layer 12, an OCA adhesive layer with a thickness of 300 μm was used as the bonding layer 16, a thin electronic-grade glass with a thickness of 0.5 mm was used as the glass sheet 18, an ITO nano-coating with a thickness of 150 nm was used as the second heating element 19, and an infrared anti-reflection layer was used as the functional layer 20.

[0080] The ambient temperature of the vehicle window glass 10 is 25°C, the operating voltage of the power supply is 12V, and the power supply is energized to the first heating element 15 and the second heating element 19 for 30 minutes. The maximum temperature of the fourth surface 132 of the vehicle window glass 10 in the information collection area 101 is measured to be 57.2°C, and the maximum temperature of the first surface 111 of the vehicle window glass 10 in the information collection area 101 is measured to be 62.4°C.

[0081] The ambient temperature of the vehicle window glass 10 is -20°C, the operating voltage of the power supply is 12V, the first surface 111 of the vehicle window glass 10 is covered with an ice layer with a thickness of 0.045 mm, the power supply energizes the first heating element 15 and the second heating element 19 for 30 minutes, and the defrosted area in the measured information collection area 101 is 98.6%.

[0082] The maximum temperature of the fourth surface 132 of the vehicle window glass 10 measured in Comparative Example 1 meets the defogging requirements of the information collection area 101. The maximum temperature of the fourth surface 132 of the vehicle window glass 10 measured in Example 1 meets the requirements for rapid defogging of the information collection area 101 and also meets the requirement for a maximum temperature of less than 70°C in the information collection area 101. These results demonstrate that, under conditions of an ambient temperature of 25°C and a power supply voltage of 12V, when the heating element in the information collection area 101 is energized for 30 minutes, the minimum temperature of the information collection area 101 is greater than or equal to 40°C and the maximum temperature is less than or equal to 70°C, meeting the defogging requirements of the information collection area 101.

[0083] Meanwhile, the defrost area measured in Comparative Example 1 failed to meet the defrosting and ice and snow removal requirements for information collection area 101. The defrost area measured in Example 1 met the requirements for rapid defrosting and ice and snow removal for information collection area 101. The above results indicate that, under the conditions of an ambient temperature of -20°C, a 0.045mm thick layer of ice covering the outer surface of the vehicle window glass 10, and a power supply operating voltage of 12V, when the heating element within information collection area 101 was energized for 30 minutes, the defrosted area of information collection area 101 was greater than or equal to 80%, meeting the defrosting and ice and snow removal requirements for information collection area 101.

[0084] Combining the above-mentioned Comparative Example 1 and Example 1, it can be seen that Example 1 adds a first heating element 15 compared to Comparative Example 1. The vehicle window glass 10 of Comparative Example 1 can only meet the defogging requirements of the information collection area 101, but cannot meet the defrosting, ice and snow removal requirements of the information collection area 101. The vehicle window glass 10 of Example 1 can meet the requirements of rapid defogging, defrosting, and ice and snow removal of the information collection area 101. Using dual heating elements to heat the information collection area 101 of the vehicle window glass 10 can quickly achieve the requirements of defogging, defrosting, and ice and snow removal, improve the heating effect of the vehicle window glass 10, ensure the visibility of the information collection area 101, and thus ensure the accuracy of the signal from the information collection device 30 passing through the information collection area 101. In addition, the power supply can control the two heating elements simultaneously or individually to heat the information collection area 101, thereby meeting the heating requirements of the vehicle window glass 10 in different driving environments. For example, when water mist forms on the surface of the information collection area 101, the power supply controls the second heating element 19 to heat up to achieve defrosting. When frost, ice or snow form on the surface of the information collection area 101, the power supply controls the first heating element 15 to heat up to achieve defrosting, ice and snow removal, so as to improve the heating accuracy and energy utilization rate of the vehicle window glass 10, and help reduce the energy loss of the vehicle 1000.

[0085] In the related art, the vehicle window glass 10 mostly adopts a single heating structure to heat the information collection area 101 , which is unable to achieve defogging, defrosting, and removing ice and snow from the information collection area 101 in a timely manner.

[0086] First, existing vehicle window glass 10 is mostly a sandwich structure, with the intermediate base layer of the vehicle window glass 10 often made of PVB material, which has excellent thermal insulation properties. The heating structure is directly or indirectly located on the fourth surface 132 of the vehicle window glass 10 within the information collection area 101. The heat emitted by the heating structure is blocked by the intermediate layer 12 and cannot be promptly transferred to the first surface 111 of the vehicle window glass 10. Consequently, the heating effect on the first surface 111 of the vehicle window glass 10 within the information collection area 101 is poor, preventing timely defrosting, ice, and snow removal. This results in poor visibility within the information collection area 101, making it difficult to accurately ensure the signal from the information collection device 30 is transmitted through the information collection area 101.

[0087] In this embodiment, the vehicle window glass 10 is equipped with a first heating element 15. This first heating element 15 is located within the information collection area 101 and disposed between the intermediate layer 12 and the first glass plate 11. When energized, the first heating element 15 rapidly transfers heat to the first surface 111 of the first glass plate 11, thereby promptly defrosting, removing ice and snow from the first surface 111 and improving the heating effect of the vehicle window glass 10. Furthermore, this prevents frost, ice and snow from affecting the visibility of the information collection area 101, ensuring that the signal from the information collection device 30 accurately transmits through the information collection area 101.

[0088] Secondly, existing heating structures can be transparent resin films equipped with electrodes and circuits, or they can be transparent resin films, such as PET substrates, equipped with a transparent conductive film layer and conductive silver paste busbars. The heating structure is adhered to the fourth surface 132 of the vehicle window glass 10 within the information collection area 101 via an adhesive to facilitate defogging, defrosting, and ice and snow removal from the information collection area 101. However, transparent resin films have poor heat resistance and are prone to deformation or degradation after prolonged exposure to high temperatures. They also suffer from poor UV and chemical stability, which impairs the heating effect of the vehicle window glass 10.

[0089] In this embodiment, a glass sheet 18 is used instead of a transparent resin film as a supporting structure to support the second heating element 19. Compared to the transparent resin film, the glass sheet 18 has better heat resistance and stability, thereby preventing the heating effect of the vehicle window glass 10 from being affected.

[0090] The above is a detailed introduction to the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A vehicle window glass, characterized in that: The vehicle window glass includes an information collection area; The vehicle window glass further includes a first glass plate, a second glass plate, and an intermediate layer sandwiched between the first glass plate and the second glass plate; The vehicle window glass further comprises a first heating element and a second heating element, and along the thickness direction of the vehicle window glass, the first heating element and the second heating element are both located in the information collection area; The first heating element is arranged between the first glass plate and the second glass plate, and the second heating element is arranged on a side of the second glass plate facing away from the intermediate layer.

2. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that The first glass plate includes a first surface and a second surface, the first surface and the second surface are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the first glass plate, and the first surface serves as the outer surface of the first glass plate; The second glass plate includes a third surface and a fourth surface, the third surface and the fourth surface are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the second glass plate, and the fourth surface serves as an outer surface of the second glass plate; The intermediate layer is located between the second surface and the third surface; The first heating element is disposed on the second surface, or is embedded in a side of the intermediate layer facing the first glass plate, or is embedded in the interior of the intermediate layer.

3. The vehicle window glass according to claim 2, characterized in that The first heating element is disposed on the second surface of the first glass plate, and a material of the first heating element is selected from at least one of printed silver paste wire, nano silver wire, carbon fiber wire, and graphene heating sheet.

4. The vehicle window glass according to claim 2, characterized in that The first heating element is disposed on a side of the intermediate layer facing the first glass plate, and a material of the first heating element is selected from metal wire or enameled wire.

5. The vehicle window glass according to claim 2, characterized in that The first heating element is embedded in the middle layer, and the material of the first heating element is selected from single silver nanocoating, double silver nanocoating, triple silver nanocoating, quadruple silver nanocoating, ITO nanocoating, FTO nanocoating, AZO nanocoating, printed silver paste line, nano silver wire, carbon fiber wire or graphene heating sheet.

6. The vehicle window glass according to claim 5, characterized in that The middle layer includes a first sublayer, a second sublayer and a third sublayer. The first sublayer, the third sublayer and the second sublayer are stacked along the thickness direction of the middle layer, and the first heating element is arranged on a surface of the third sublayer in the thickness direction.

7. The vehicle window glass according to claim 6, characterized in that The materials of the first sub-layer and the second sub-layer are selected from PVB, and the material of the third sub-layer is selected from PET.

8. The vehicle window glass according to claim 2, characterized in that The vehicle window glass further includes a heat insulation layer, which is arranged on the second surface of the first glass plate or the third surface of the second glass plate, avoiding the information collection area.

9. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The vehicle window glass further includes a functional component, which includes a glass sheet and a functional layer. Along the thickness direction of the vehicle window glass, the glass sheet and the functional layer are sequentially laminated on the surface of the second glass plate facing away from the intermediate layer; The second heating element is disposed on a side of the glass sheet facing away from the second glass plate, or the second heating element is disposed on a side of the glass sheet close to the second glass plate.

10. The vehicle window glass according to claim 9, characterized in that The second heating element is arranged on the side of the glass sheet facing away from the second glass plate, and the material of the second heating element is selected from at least one of ITO nanocoating, FTO nanocoating, AZO nanocoating, printed silver paste line, nano silver wire, carbon fiber wire, and graphene heating sheet.

11. The vehicle window glass according to claim 9, characterized in that The second heating element is arranged on a side of the glass sheet facing the second glass plate, and a material of the second heating element is selected from at least one of a single silver nanocoating, a double silver nanocoating, a triple silver nanocoating, a quadruple silver nanocoating, an ITO nanocoating, a FTO nanocoating, an AZO nanocoating, a printed silver paste line, a nanosilver wire, a carbon fiber wire, and a graphene heating sheet.

12. The vehicle window glass according to claim 9, characterized in that The thickness of the glass sheet is less than or equal to 1.1 mm.

13. The vehicle window glass according to claim 9, characterized in that The vehicle window glass further includes an adhesive layer, and the functional component is connected to the second glass plate via the adhesive layer.

14. The vehicle window glass according to claim 13, characterized in that: The bonding layer is optical adhesive, and the thickness of the optical adhesive is less than or equal to 500 μm.

15. A vehicle window assembly, characterized in that: The vehicle window assembly includes an information collection device and the vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the information collection device faces the vehicle window glass and is arranged opposite to the information collection area.

16. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a vehicle body, a power source, and the window assembly according to claim 15, wherein the window assembly is mounted on the vehicle body, and the information collection device is located inside the vehicle; When the vehicle window glass includes a first heating element and a second heating element, the power supply controls the first heating element and the second heating element simultaneously or individually to heat the information collection area.

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