Integral installation construction method for embedded foundation bolts of steel chimney

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to an integral installation construction method for embedded foundation bolts of a steel chimney, which comprises the following steps of: designing an upper rigid plate and a lower rigid plate by using three-dimensional modeling software according to design parameters of the foundation bolts, and determining sizes and position distribution of bolt holes; the steel plate is machined according to the modeling result, and the bolt hole positions correspond to the foundation bolt design positions one to one; material equipment such as channel steel, angle steel, a welding machine and a 50t crane is prepared, and technical and safety disclosure is conducted on constructors; a platform is built on the ground, foundation bolts penetrate into bolt holes of the two rigid plates, and angle steel is used for reinforcing to form a combination; hoisting the assembly to a foundation pre-embedded position by using a 50t crane, and aligning through a plummet, a level gauge and the like; after alignment, the assembly is welded and fixed with a foundation steel bar; and after the installation precision is qualified, concrete pouring is conducted, and construction is completed. According to the method, through integral combination hoisting, high-altitude operation is reduced, the construction risk and complexity are reduced, and the installation quality is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to an integral installation construction method for pre-buried anchor bolts of a steel chimney. Background Art

[0002] As an important component of industrial facilities, the installation quality of steel chimneys depends on the embedded accuracy of anchor bolts. Traditional anchor bolt installation mostly adopts decentralized positioning, that is, individual bolts are adjusted and fixed one by one, which has the following problems: First, the relative position accuracy between bolts is low: The method of adjusting and securing each bolt individually makes it difficult to ensure the precise position of each bolt during operation. This can easily lead to problems such as concentricity deviation and excessive spacing deviation. These problems can prevent the chimney from accurately matching the anchor bolts during installation, affecting the accuracy of the chimney installation. This can lead to uneven stress on the chimney during use, posing a safety hazard.

[0003] Second, the high-altitude work load is extensive, resulting in low construction efficiency and difficulty in meeting deadlines. Since individual bolts must be adjusted individually, construction workers must manually adjust each bolt at height, significantly increasing the workload. The complex working environment at height requires not only a significant amount of effort on the part of construction workers to ensure their own safety, but also the meticulous bolt adjustments, resulting in extremely low efficiency. Furthermore, the construction process is susceptible to weather and other factors. Inclement weather, such as strong winds and rain, requires suspension of high-altitude work, further delaying the project.

[0004] Third, multiple adjustments can easily lead to deviations in bolt verticality and elevation, resulting in a high rework rate. In traditional decentralized installation, each bolt requires multiple adjustments. Each adjustment can cause deviations in bolt verticality and elevation due to factors such as human error and tool accuracy. Using traditional methods for anchor bolt installation, the probability of bolt verticality deviation exceeding specification requirements is as high as 30%, and the probability of elevation deviation exceeding the standard is around 25%.

[0005] Fourth, a Chinese invention patent with application publication number CN101705693A discloses a method for integrally fixing and installing large-diameter anchor bolts, including steps of manufacturing support steel plates in blocks, determining the center position of bolt positioning holes, machining positioning holes, installing fixing frame columns and beams, splicing support steel plate blocks, hoisting bolts, aligning elevations, and fixing bolts. Although the invention completes the integral fixing and installation of bolts by one adjustment, alignment, and reinforcement of the bottom of the bolts, in actual application, the positioning operation of the screws during pre-embedding of this method is complicated and difficult. Since the support steel plates are manufactured in blocks and then spliced together, it is difficult to ensure that the relative position of the bolt positioning holes on each support steel plate is completely consistent with the designed position during the splicing process, resulting in difficulty in controlling the accuracy. Moreover, after pre-embedding, the anchor bolts have poor stability. During concrete pouring, they are easily displaced by the impact force and vibration of the concrete, thereby affecting the overall installation accuracy.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integral installation construction method for pre-buried anchor bolts of a steel chimney. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention solves one of the above-mentioned technical problems, and the technical solution adopted is: an integral installation and construction method for pre-buried anchor bolts of a steel chimney, comprising the following steps: Step 1: According to the design parameters of the steel chimney anchor bolts, use three-dimensional modeling software to design and model the upper and lower rigid plates, and determine the size, bolt hole position and distribution of the positioning rigid plates.

[0008] Step 2: Process the upper and lower steel plates based on the modeling results. The upper steel plate is made of 10mm thick steel plate, and the lower steel plate is made of 40mm thick steel plate. The bolt hole positions on the positioning steel plates correspond to the designed positions of the anchor bolts.

[0009] Step 3: Prepare construction materials and equipment, including channel steel, angle steel, welding machine, cutting machine, 50t crane, and conduct technical and safety briefings for construction personnel.

[0010] Step 4: Build a platform on the ground, use channel steel as support, insert the anchor bolts into the bolt holes of the upper and lower steel plates, reinforce the upper and lower steel plates with angle steel to form an anchor bolt assembly.

[0011] Step 5: Use a 50t crane to lift the anchor bolt assembly to the embedded position of the foundation, align it with a plumb line, level, and steel tape measure, and adjust the center position, verticality, and top elevation of the bolt assembly.

[0012] Step 6: After alignment is completed, weld the anchor bolt assembly to the foundation steel bars to prevent displacement during pouring.

[0013] Step 7: Inspect the installation accuracy of the anchor bolt assembly. After passing the inspection, pour concrete to complete the embedded construction.

[0014] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is as follows: in step 1, the assembly relationship between the anchor bolts and the upper and lower rigid plates is simulated during modeling, and the structural strength of the upper and lower rigid plates is verified.

[0015] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is that the diameter of the bolt holes of the upper and lower rigid plates processed in step 2 is 2-3 mm larger than the diameter of the anchor bolts, and the diameter of the center positioning circle of the bolt holes is consistent with the design drawing.

[0016] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is that: the channel steel in step 3 is used to support the lower steel plate, and the angle steel is used to reinforce the lower steel plate to prevent deformation.

[0017] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is: when installing the anchor bolts in step 4, the top of the anchor bolts must be exposed from the upper steel plate and the length must meet the design requirements, and the verticality deviation of the bolts must not exceed L / 100, where L is the length of the anchor bolts.

[0018] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is: when hoisting the anchor bolt assembly in step 5, the crane lifting points are set at symmetrical positions on both sides of the upper steel plate, and the assembly is kept stable during the lifting process to avoid collision.

[0019] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is as follows: the offset of the center of the anchor bolt is ≤5.0mm, the verticality deviation is ≤L / 100 and not greater than 5mm, and the top elevation deviation is within the range of 0-20mm.

[0020] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is: in step 6, a ZXT7-400 welding machine is used to weld and fix the anchor bolt assembly to the foundation steel bars, the distance between adjacent welding points is not more than 300 mm, and the weld height is not less than 8 mm.

[0021] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is that the acceptance in step 7 adopts a three-level acceptance procedure, including team self-inspection, site joint inspection and special quality inspection.

[0022] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is that: the flatness deviation of the platform built in step 4 is no more than 5 mm, and it is ensured that the anchor bolt assembly is evenly stressed during the assembly process.

[0023] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is that the upper and lower steel plates processed in step 2 need to be checked for position deviation of the bolt holes during acceptance, and the deviation between the center of a single bolt hole and the designed position shall not exceed 1 mm.

[0024] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is: in step 5, before hoisting, the vertical and horizontal center lines need to be marked on the upper and lower steel plates, and during hoisting, the vertical and horizontal center lines are aligned with the foundation center line, and the deviation is controlled within 3mm.

[0025] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is that during the concrete pouring process in step 9, the position change of the anchor bolt assembly needs to be monitored in real time. If deviation is found, the pouring needs to be stopped immediately and adjustments need to be made.

[0026] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is as follows: before pouring concrete in step 7, a fiber grating sensor array is installed on the top of the anchor bolt assembly, with a sampling frequency set to 10 Hz. By real-time monitoring of the changes in the bolt strain value during the pouring process, emergency reinforcement measures are initiated when the strain exceeds 80% of the design threshold.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This integrated installation construction method uses 3D modeling to pre-control the relative position accuracy of bolts, addressing positioning deviation issues at the source. This approach uses digital modeling to determine the precise location and distribution of bolt holes in advance, ensuring that the center positioning circle diameters of the bolt holes after machining the upper and lower steel plates are consistent with the design. This eliminates the relative position deviation between bolts caused by manual layout and drilling in traditional construction, and solves the problem of low relative bolt position accuracy.

[0028] 2. This integrated installation method utilizes a monolithic assembly hoisting system to minimize overhead work, reducing construction risks and complexity. Anchor bolts are inserted through the upper and lower steel plates, reinforced with angle steel to form an assembly, and then hoisted into place using a crane. Compared to traditional, individual bolt installation methods, this monolithic installation method significantly reduces the workload of adjusting and securing bolts at height, avoiding the safety risks associated with overhead work. It also simplifies on-site operations and resolves the challenges of heavy and complex overhead work.

[0029] 3. The ground assembly combined with the overall hoisting in this integral installation construction method improves construction efficiency and ensures the construction period. The anchor bolt assembly is assembled on the ground, and all bolt insertion and reinforcement operations are completed on the ground, reducing the time of scattered on-site operations. After the overall hoisting, only one alignment and adjustment is required, and there is no need for repeated positioning, which significantly shortens the installation period and solves the problems of low construction efficiency and difficulty in ensuring the construction period.

[0030] 4. This monolithic installation method utilizes dual-positioned upper and lower plates, ensuring precise control and avoiding multiple adjustments, reducing rework. The upper and lower plates form dual positioning constraints, with bolt verticality deviations exceeding L / 100 and center offsets ≤5.0mm. This design, through the rigid fixation of the dual-positioned upper and lower plates, reduces the multiple adjustments required during traditional construction due to bolt movement and uneven force, avoids cumulative verticality and elevation deviations, and addresses the issues of frequent adjustments and high rework rates.

[0031] 5. This integrated installation method utilizes a tiered acceptance and real-time monitoring system to ensure installation quality and reduce rework. A three-tiered acceptance system (self-inspection by the team, joint on-site inspection, and specialized quality inspection) is employed. A fiber Bragg grating sensor array is installed before pouring to monitor strain in real time, and position changes during pouring. This system of pre-acceptance and in-process monitoring allows for timely detection and correction of deviations, avoiding rework later due to hidden quality issues and further addressing the high rework rate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore only used as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1: The present invention solves one of the above-mentioned technical problems, and the technical solution adopted is: an integral installation and construction method for pre-buried anchor bolts of a steel chimney, comprising the following steps: Step 1: According to the design parameters of the steel chimney anchor bolts, use three-dimensional modeling software to design and model the upper and lower rigid plates, and determine the size, bolt hole position and distribution of the positioning rigid plates.

[0034] During the 3D modeling process, not only are the parameters of each component designed, but the assembly relationship between them is also simulated, and the structural strength of the rigid plate is verified to ensure that each component can match during assembly and use and has sufficient strength to withstand the load.

[0035] Simulating assembly relationships can identify potential assembly problems between components in advance, avoiding dimensional mismatches during actual processing and installation. Verifying structural strength can ensure that the upper and lower rigid plates will not be damaged due to insufficient strength during subsequent construction and use, thereby improving the reliability of the entire installation structure.

[0036] By simulating the assembly relationship, we ensure that the anchor bolts and the upper and lower rigid plates can be correctly assembled to ensure the accuracy of positioning; verify the structural strength to ensure that the rigid plate can withstand the various forces caused by the anchor bolts and subsequent construction and use processes, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the overall structure.

[0037] Simulating assembly relationships and verifying structural strength not only ensures that assembly and strength meet standards, but also provides a reference for subsequent material selection and processing. Based on the structural strength verification results, the thickness or material of the steel plate can be fine-tuned, thus saving material costs while ensuring quality.

[0038] Step 2: Process the upper and lower steel plates based on the modeling results. The upper steel plate is made of 10mm thick steel plate, and the lower steel plate is made of 40mm thick steel plate. The bolt hole positions on the positioning steel plates correspond to the designed positions of the anchor bolts.

[0039] The diameter of the bolt hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor bolt, which provides a certain adjustment space for the installation of the anchor bolt and facilitates the insertion of the anchor bolt into the hole; the diameter of the center positioning circle of the bolt hole is consistent with the design drawing, ensuring that the distribution of the anchor bolt meets the design requirements and ensures the accurate installation and positioning of the subsequent steel chimney.

[0040] The bolt hole diameter is slightly larger, which solves the problem of the anchor bolt being unable to penetrate due to processing errors and improves the convenience of installation; the center positioning circle diameter is consistent with the design, which ensures the positioning accuracy of the anchor bolt and lays the foundation for the stable installation of the steel chimney.

[0041] During the concrete pouring process, a small amount of concrete is allowed to enter the gap between the bolt hole and the anchor bolt. After the concrete solidifies, it can enhance the bonding strength between the anchor bolt and concrete and improve the stability of the overall structure.

[0042] Step 3: Prepare construction materials and equipment, including channel steel, angle steel, welding machine, cutting machine, 50t crane, and conduct technical and safety briefings for construction personnel.

[0043] Channel steel has a certain load-bearing capacity. As a supporting structure, it can bear the weight of the lower steel plate and other loads during the assembly process. Angle steel has good rigidity. By reinforcing the lower steel plate, it limits the deformation of the steel plate and ensures the stability of its shape and size.

[0044] Channel steel provides stable support for the lower steel plate, ensuring it remains in the correct position during the assembly of the anchor bolts, preventing sinking or shifting. Angle steel reinforces the lower steel plate, resisting potential external forces, preventing deformation such as bending and twisting, and ensuring the precise positioning of the bolt holes. Furthermore, during the assembly's hoisting, it disperses the crane's pulling force, preventing localized damage to the lower steel plate due to excessive force. Angle steel reinforces the lower steel plate, not only preventing deformation but also enhancing the overall rigidity of the assembly, making it less likely to fall apart during hoisting and transportation.

[0045] Step 4: Build a platform on the ground, use channel steel as support, insert the anchor bolts into the bolt holes of the upper and lower steel plates, reinforce the upper and lower steel plates with angle steel to form an anchor bolt assembly.

[0046] The top of the anchor bolt is exposed from the upper steel plate and the length is guaranteed to meet the subsequent connection requirements with the steel chimney base; the verticality deviation of the bolt is controlled within the specified range to ensure that the anchor bolt can correctly bear the load and avoid uneven force due to tilt. The top of the anchor bolt is exposed from the upper steel plate for a certain length to facilitate connection and fixation with the steel chimney base, ensuring the firmness of the connection; the verticality deviation is controlled so that the anchor bolt can evenly transfer the load when under force, ensuring the stability and safety of the steel chimney. In addition, the exposed part can also be used as a mark during the concrete pouring process, making it convenient for construction workers to observe and check whether the position of the bolt has changed; strict control of the verticality deviation, in addition to ensuring uniform force, can also reduce the difficulty of base installation caused by bolt tilt during the subsequent installation of the steel chimney, thereby improving installation efficiency.

[0047] Step 5: Use a 50t crane to lift the anchor bolt assembly to the embedded position of the foundation, align it with a plumb line, level, and steel tape measure, and adjust the center position, verticality, and top elevation of the bolt assembly.

[0048] Setting the lifting points symmetrically on both sides of the upper steel plate allows the crane's pulling force to be evenly distributed on the assembly, ensuring that the assembly is balanced during the lifting process, thereby maintaining stability. Avoid collisions during the lifting process to prevent the assembly from being deformed or shifted due to collisions. The symmetrical lifting point positions enable the assembly to maintain a horizontal or predetermined posture during lifting, facilitating its accurate placement in the pre-embedded foundation position. Maintaining stability and avoiding collisions ensures that the structure and position of the assembly meet the requirements when it reaches the installation location, laying the foundation for subsequent alignment work. In addition, it can also reduce the stress between the various components of the assembly during the lifting process, avoiding deformation of the upper steel plate, lower steel plate, or anchor bolts due to uneven force. Maintaining stability and avoiding collisions during lifting can also protect other facilities or structures around the pre-embedded foundation position and reduce accidental damage during construction.

[0049] Step 6: After alignment is completed, weld the anchor bolt assembly to the foundation steel bars to prevent displacement during pouring.

[0050] After the anchor bolt assembly has been aligned to ensure its center position, verticality, and top elevation meet the requirements, it is welded to the foundation reinforcement to form a single unit. The strong connection generated by welding resists external forces generated by concrete flow and impact during the concrete pouring process, thereby preventing the anchor bolt assembly from shifting and ensuring the accuracy of the pre-embedded position. The assembly is fixed to the foundation reinforcement, and the overall stability of the foundation reinforcement further enhances the stability of the anchor bolt assembly, providing a stable construction foundation for subsequent concrete pouring. Furthermore, the anchor bolt assembly and the foundation structure form a load-bearing whole. After the concrete solidifies, this connection enhances the coordinated load-bearing capacity of the anchor bolts and the foundation, improving the pull-out and shear resistance of the overall steel chimney structure.

[0051] Step 7: Inspect the installation accuracy of the anchor bolt assembly. After passing the inspection, pour concrete to complete the embedded construction.

[0052] After completing the alignment and fixation of the anchor bolt assembly, the installation accuracy is checked to see if it meets the design and specification requirements through the acceptance process. Only after passing the acceptance can concrete pouring be carried out to ensure the quality of the pre-embedded construction and ultimately complete the entire pre-embedded process. Setting up the installation accuracy acceptance process can timely discover and correct possible deviations in the installation process of the anchor bolt assembly before concrete pouring, and prevent unqualified installations from being hidden in the concrete, thereby ensuring the basic quality of the subsequent steel chimney installation and reducing rework costs and safety hazards. The various accuracy parameters recorded during the acceptance process can be used as reference materials for the installation of the steel chimney, facilitating the subsequent adjustment of the installation plan to match the pre-embedded situation; at the same time, qualified acceptance results also provide key node evidence for quality traceability of the entire construction process.

[0053] By first designing and modeling to determine the relevant parameters of the upper and lower steel plates, then processing the steel plates, preparing materials and equipment, and assembling them on the ground into an anchor bolt assembly, the concrete is poured after hoisting, alignment, fixing, and acceptance, achieving the integrated installation of the pre-embedded anchor bolts for the steel chimney. The overall process integrates the scattered installation steps and improves the integrity and accuracy of the installation through the form of an assembly. The use of 3D modeling software for design and modeling can accurately determine the size of the positioning steel plates and the distribution of bolt hole positions, providing an accurate basis for subsequent processing and installation. The upper and lower steel plates are made of steel plates of different thicknesses, and the material can be reasonably selected according to the stress conditions to ensure structural stability. Assembling the assembly on the ground facilitates operation and precision control. The overall hoisting and fixing reduces the tedious steps of on-site installation and improves construction efficiency.

[0054] The bolt holes of the upper and lower rigid plates correspond to the designed positions of the anchor bolts, which plays a role in accurately positioning the anchor bolts; the channel steel is used as support and the angle steel is used for reinforcement to ensure the structural stability of the assembly during assembly and hoisting; the crane is used to hoist the assembly to the designated position; the plumb bob, level and steel tape measure are used for alignment to ensure that the center position, verticality and top elevation of the assembly meet the requirements; it is welded and fixed to the foundation steel bars to prevent the assembly from shifting when pouring concrete; the acceptance link ensures installation accuracy and the quality of subsequent steel chimney installation.

[0055] Building a platform on the ground for assembly of the assembly, in addition to providing conventional operating space, also makes it easier to adjust and inspect each component during the assembly process, reducing the risk of working at height. It also provides a stable foundation for subsequent overall lifting, avoiding errors and safety hazards that may occur in complex assembly at height.

[0056] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is as follows: in step 1, the assembly relationship between the anchor bolts and the upper and lower rigid plates is simulated during modeling, and the structural strength of the upper and lower rigid plates is verified.

[0057] When designing and modeling the upper and lower steel plates using 3D modeling software, the assembly relationship between the anchor bolts and the two plates was simulated to identify potential size mismatches and position conflicts during assembly. Simultaneously, the structural strength of the two plates was verified to ensure they could withstand the loads transmitted by the anchor bolts and other external forces during subsequent construction and use. Simulating the assembly relationship can avoid assembly hazards before actual construction, reduce rework due to design errors, and improve construction efficiency. Verifying structural strength ensures that the upper and lower steel plates have sufficient load-bearing capacity, preventing structural deformation or damage caused by insufficient plate strength, and enhancing the reliability of the overall construction plan.

[0058] In addition to its conventional design-assisting functions, this modeling optimization also provides a reference for material selection. Through structural strength verification, the thickness or material of the steel plate can be optimized based on actual stress conditions, ensuring optimal material use and reducing costs while ensuring strength. Furthermore, the parameters obtained from simulated assembly can be directly used to guide adjustments to the manufacturing process, reducing processing errors.

[0059] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is that the diameter of the bolt holes of the upper and lower rigid plates processed in step 2 is 2-3 mm larger than the diameter of the anchor bolts, and the diameter of the center positioning circle of the bolt holes is consistent with the design drawing.

[0060] The bolt hole diameters of the upper and lower steel plates are designed to be 2-3mm larger than the anchor bolt diameter, providing a certain amount of adjustment margin for the anchor bolts to penetrate the bolt holes, facilitating fine-tuning of the bolt positions during assembly. At the same time, the bolt hole center positioning circle diameter is consistent with the design drawings, ensuring that the anchor bolt distribution meets design requirements and guaranteeing the subsequent precise connection between the steel chimney and the anchor bolts. The bolt hole diameter is slightly larger than the anchor bolt diameter, effectively resolving the issues of difficulty in inserting bolts or being unable to adjust their positions due to machining errors, thereby improving the convenience and flexibility of assembly. The bolt hole center positioning circle diameter is consistent with the design, strictly controlling the overall distribution accuracy of the anchor bolts, laying an accurate foundation for the installation of the steel chimney, and balancing construction convenience and installation accuracy.

[0061] In addition, during the concrete pouring process, a small amount of concrete can enter the gap between the bolt hole and the anchor bolt. After the concrete solidifies, it can enhance the bonding strength between the anchor bolt, the steel plate and the concrete foundation, and improve the anti-loosening performance of the overall structure. The consistency of the diameter of the center positioning circle of the bolt hole not only ensures the positioning accuracy, but also enables the anchor bolt to evenly share the load when it is stressed, avoiding damage to local bolts due to excessive stress caused by uneven distribution. Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is that: the channel steel in step 3 is used to support the lower steel plate, and the angle steel is used to reinforce the lower steel plate to prevent deformation.

[0062] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is: when installing the anchor bolts in step 4, the top of the anchor bolts must be exposed from the upper steel plate and the length must meet the design requirements, and the verticality deviation of the bolts must not exceed L / 100, where L is the length of the anchor bolts.

[0063] The part of the top of the anchor bolt exposed from the upper steel plate is not only used for connection, but also serves as an observation mark during the subsequent concrete pouring process, allowing construction workers to monitor in real time whether the bolt is displaced or tilted. Strict control of verticality deviation not only ensures reasonable force, but also reduces the difficulty of aligning the base mounting hole and the bolt caused by the tilt of the bolt during the installation of the steel chimney, thereby improving installation efficiency.

[0064] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is: when hoisting the anchor bolt assembly in step 5, the crane lifting points are set at symmetrical positions on both sides of the upper steel plate, and the assembly is kept stable during the lifting process to avoid collision.

[0065] Setting the crane's lifting points symmetrically on either side of the upper steel plate evenly distributes the tension during lifting across the anchor bolt assembly, preventing deformation of the assembly or displacement of the anchor bolts due to uneven force. Maintaining stability and avoiding collisions during lifting can prevent structural damage or positioning deviations of the assembly due to shaking or collisions, ensuring the structural integrity and initial position accuracy of the assembly when it is hoisted to the pre-embedded foundation location. Furthermore, symmetrical lifting points not only balance the forces but also reduce the internal stress in the anchor bolts caused by uneven lifting forces, preventing bolt breakage due to potential stress concentration during subsequent use. Maintaining stability and avoiding collisions during lifting not only protects the assembly but also prevents damage to the steel bars, formwork, and other facilities surrounding the pre-embedded foundation location, reducing secondary repair work.

[0066] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is as follows: the offset of the center of the anchor bolt is ≤5.0mm, the verticality deviation is ≤L / 100 and not greater than 5mm, and the top elevation deviation is within the range of 0-20mm.

[0067] By limiting the ranges for anchor bolt center offset, vertical deviation, and top elevation deviation, the installation accuracy of anchor bolts is controlled from three key spatial dimensions: planar position, vertical state, and height position. Center offset control ensures that the bolts' planar distribution conforms to the designed layout, vertical deviation control ensures the rationality of the bolt force direction, and top elevation deviation control provides a high-level alignment for subsequent connection to the steel chimney base. Together, these three factors constitute the core control indicators for anchor bolt installation accuracy.

[0068] In addition to ensuring regular installation quality control, these precision deviation requirements also indirectly improve the overall seismic performance of steel chimneys. Precise position and verticality control ensures uniform force distribution across all bolts, allowing them to share loads under external forces such as earthquakes and reducing the risk of localized bolt overload and fracture. A reasonable deviation range for the top elevation provides margin for subsequent height adjustments during installation. This deviation can be compensated for with shims and other methods, avoiding structural stress concentration caused by rigid adjustments.

[0069] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is: in step 6, a ZXT7-400 welding machine is used to weld and fix the anchor bolt assembly to the foundation steel bars, the distance between adjacent welding points is not more than 300 mm, and the weld height is not less than 8 mm.

[0070] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is that the acceptance in step 7 adopts a three-level acceptance procedure, including team self-inspection, site joint inspection and special quality inspection.

[0071] The three-level acceptance process, through inspections conducted by different entities and from different perspectives, minimizes oversights and comprehensively identifies installation accuracy issues. Team self-inspections can quickly identify and rectify foundational issues, improving efficiency. Joint on-site inspections coordinate opinions and resolve cross-disciplinary issues. Specialized quality inspections, based on professional standards, ensure the authority and accuracy of acceptance results. Ultimately, this ensures the installation quality of the anchor bolt assembly before concrete pouring and reduces the risk of subsequent rework.

[0072] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is that: the flatness deviation of the platform built in step 4 is no more than 5 mm, and it is ensured that the anchor bolt assembly is evenly stressed during the assembly process.

[0073] Controlling the platform flatness deviation within 5mm provides a horizontal and stable reference surface for the assembly of the anchor bolt assembly, avoiding initial deviation of the assembly during assembly due to platform tilt. Ensuring uniform force on the assembly during assembly prevents deformation of the upper and lower rigid plates and anchor bolts due to excessive local force, thereby ensuring the relative position accuracy of each component. In addition, it can also reduce the "hidden deformation" of the assembly before lifting. Even a slight platform tilt may cause subtle deformation of the components under the action of the assembly's own weight. Flatness control can avoid such problems and ensure the initial stability of the assembly during lifting. In addition to protecting components, ensuring uniform force can also extend the service life of construction equipment (such as channel steel and angle steel) and reduce damage to the supporting structure caused by local overload.

[0074] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is that the upper and lower steel plates processed in step 2 need to be checked for position deviation of the bolt holes during acceptance, and the deviation between the center of a single bolt hole and the designed position shall not exceed 1 mm.

[0075] After completing the processing of the upper and lower steel plates, the deviation between the center position of each bolt hole and the designed position is checked through the acceptance process to ensure that the deviation does not exceed 1mm. This process verifies whether the processing accuracy of the bolt hole meets the design requirements through precise measurement, providing a basic guarantee for the accurate installation of the subsequent anchor bolts. In addition, this high-precision bolt hole acceptance not only ensures installation accuracy, but also indirectly improves the coordinated force performance of the anchor bolts and the steel plate. Precisely positioned bolt holes can make the anchor bolts evenly stressed, avoid local stress concentration caused by hole position deviation, and extend the service life of the assembly. Example 2: Compared with Example 1, this example is different in that it also includes the following technical features: Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is: in step 5, before hoisting, the vertical and horizontal center lines need to be marked on the upper and lower steel plates, and during hoisting, the vertical and horizontal center lines are aligned with the foundation center line, and the deviation is controlled within 3mm.

[0076] Before hoisting, mark the vertical and horizontal center lines on the upper and lower steel plates to provide clear reference marks for positioning during hoisting; during the hoisting process, align the vertical and horizontal center lines on the steel plates with the center lines of the foundation, and control the deviation within 3mm to achieve precise alignment of the anchor bolt assembly with the embedded position of the foundation, ensuring the installation accuracy of the assembly from a macro perspective.

[0077] In addition to being used for positioning and alignment, the vertical and horizontal centerline markings can also serve as an auxiliary reference for observing whether the assembly is tilted during the lifting process. By comparing the relative position of the centerline and the foundation edge, the horizontal state of the assembly can be quickly determined. In addition to ensuring positioning accuracy, the 3mm deviation control can also provide a clear range basis for fine-tuning in subsequent alignment work, avoiding time waste caused by excessive adjustments.

[0078] Based on any of the above technical solutions, further optimization is that during the concrete pouring process in step 9, the position change of the anchor bolt assembly needs to be monitored in real time. If deviation is found, the pouring needs to be stopped immediately and adjustments need to be made.

[0079] During the concrete pouring process, the flow impact and vibration of concrete can cause the anchor bolt assembly to shift position. By monitoring its position changes in real time, we can promptly detect the shift problem. If it occurs, we can immediately stop pouring and make adjustments to prevent the shift from increasing and becoming uncorrectable, thus ensuring the accuracy of the embedded position.

[0080] By recording the time, cause and adjustment effect of the deviation during the monitoring process, the influence of concrete pouring speed, vibration method, etc. on the stability of the assembly can be summarized, and the subsequent pouring process can be optimized to improve the overall construction technology level. Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is as follows: before pouring concrete in step 7, a fiber grating sensor array is installed on the top of the anchor bolt assembly, with a sampling frequency set to 10 Hz. By real-time monitoring of the changes in the bolt strain value during the pouring process, emergency reinforcement measures are initiated when the strain exceeds 80% of the design threshold.

[0081] Before concrete pouring, a fiber grating sensor array was installed on top of the anchor bolt assembly. Leveraging the deformation sensitivity of the fiber grating sensors, a 10Hz sampling frequency was used to capture in real time the strain changes in the anchor bolts caused by concrete impact, compression, and other forces during the pouring process. When the strain value exceeded 80% of the design threshold, indicating that the bolts were potentially facing forces exceeding expectations, emergency reinforcement measures were initiated to prevent deformation or displacement due to excessive stress.

[0082] The introduction of a fiber Bragg grating sensor array for real-time monitoring enables dynamic tracking of the bolt stress state. Compared with traditional manual observation, it can detect potential stress risks more accurately and promptly. The 10Hz sampling frequency ensures the continuity and timeliness of the monitoring data, ensuring that key strain change information is not missed. Setting "strain exceeding 80% of the design threshold" as the trigger condition for initiating emergency reinforcement reserves reaction and processing time for construction personnel, avoiding bolt damage due to strain reaching the threshold, and greatly improving the safety and reliability of construction.

[0083] The function of the fiber grating sensor array is to convert the strain changes of the anchor bolts during the casting process into a monitorable signal, realizing real-time perception of the bolt stress state. The 10Hz sampling frequency ensures real-time monitoring and can promptly reflect the dynamic changes in strain. When the strain exceeds 80% of the design threshold, emergency reinforcement measures are initiated. The function is to reduce the strain value of the bolts through reinforcement methods (such as adding temporary supports and adjusting the force distribution), prevent structural damage due to excessive stress, and ensure the stability of the anchor bolt assembly.

[0084] Furthermore, it can provide a basis for analyzing the stress patterns during concrete pouring. By analyzing the monitoring data, we can understand the stress characteristics of bolts in different locations at different pouring stages, providing data support for optimizing the pouring process (such as adjusting the pouring sequence and controlling the pouring speed). Furthermore, this data can also serve as a reference for the design and construction of similar projects, improving overall construction technology.

[0085] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features therein can be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any replacement improvements or changes made to the implementation methods of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0086] Any matters not described in detail in the present invention are well-known technologies to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An integral installation construction method for pre-buried anchor bolts of a steel chimney, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Based on the design parameters of the steel chimney anchor bolts, use 3D modeling software to design and model the upper and lower steel plates, and determine the size of the positioning steel plates, the location and distribution of the bolt holes; Step 2: Process the upper and lower steel plates based on the modeling results. The upper steel plate uses 10mm thick steel plates, and the lower steel plate uses 40mm thick steel plates. The bolt holes on the positioning plates correspond to the designed positions of the anchor bolts. Step 3: Prepare construction materials and equipment, including channel steel, angle steel, welding machine, cutting machine, 50t crane, and conduct technical and safety briefings for construction personnel; Step 4: Build a platform on the ground, use channel steel as support, insert the anchor bolts into the bolt holes of the upper and lower steel plates, and reinforce the upper and lower steel plates with angle steel to form an anchor bolt assembly; Step 5: Use a 50t crane to hoist the anchor bolt assembly to the pre-buried position of the foundation. Use a plumb line, level, and steel tape measure to align the bolt assembly, and adjust its center position, verticality, and top elevation. Step 6: After alignment is completed, weld the anchor bolt assembly to the foundation steel bar to prevent displacement during the pouring process; Step 7: Inspect the installation accuracy of the anchor bolt assembly, and pour concrete after passing the acceptance to complete the embedded construction.

2. The method for integrally installing pre-buried anchor bolts for a steel chimney according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the assembly relationship between the anchor bolts and the upper and lower rigid plates is simulated during modeling, and the structural strength of the upper and lower rigid plates is verified.

3. The method for integrally installing pre-buried anchor bolts for a steel chimney according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the bolt holes of the upper and lower steel plates processed in step 2 is 2-3mm larger than the diameter of the anchor bolts, and the diameter of the center positioning circle of the bolt holes is consistent with the design drawing.

4. The method for integrally installing pre-buried anchor bolts for a steel chimney according to claim 3, characterized in that: The channel steel in step 3 is used to support the lower steel plate, and the angle steel is used to reinforce the lower steel plate to prevent deformation.

5. The method for integrally installing pre-buried anchor bolts for a steel chimney according to claim 4, characterized in that: When installing the anchor bolts in step 4, the top of the anchor bolts must be exposed above the upper steel plate and the length must meet the design requirements. The verticality deviation of the bolts must not exceed L / 100, where L is the length of the anchor bolts.

6. The method for integrally installing pre-buried anchor bolts for a steel chimney according to claim 5, characterized in that: When hoisting the anchor bolt assembly in step 5, the crane lifting points are set at symmetrical positions on both sides of the upper steel plate. Keep the assembly stable during the lifting process to avoid collision.

7. The method for integrally installing pre-buried anchor bolts for a steel chimney according to claim 6, characterized in that: The offset of the anchor bolt center is ≤5.0mm, the verticality deviation is ≤L / 100 and not more than 5mm, and the top elevation deviation is within the range of 0-20mm.

8. The method for integrally installing pre-buried anchor bolts for a steel chimney according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 6, a ZXT7-400 welding machine is used to weld the anchor bolt assembly to the foundation steel bars. The distance between adjacent welding points should not exceed 300mm, and the weld height should not be less than 8mm.

9. The method for integrally installing pre-buried anchor bolts for a steel chimney according to claim 8, characterized in that: The acceptance in step 7 adopts a three-level acceptance procedure, including team self-inspection, site joint inspection and special quality inspection.

10. The method for integrally installing pre-buried anchor bolts for a steel chimney according to claim 9, characterized in that: The flatness deviation of the platform built in step 4 should not exceed 5mm, and ensure that the anchor bolt assembly is evenly stressed during the assembly process.