Automatic dredging device and method for water collecting well of hydropower station

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic dredging device and method for a water collecting well of a hydropower station. The device comprises a submersible sewage pump, a silt flushing pipe, an insulation monitoring device, a control valve and the like. The submersible sewage pump is arranged at the bottom of the water collecting well and provided with a sewage inlet lower than the sewage outlet and close to the bottom, and the sewage outlet is communicated with an external pipeline. The insulation monitoring device is arranged above the water level limit value and connected with the submersible sewage pump, monitors the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump and generates a signal, and the control valve interrupts the silt flushing water flow according to the signal when the insulation performance does not meet the requirement. The method comprises the steps that insulation monitoring is started, the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump is judged, and desilting is stopped if requirements are not met; after the requirement is met, opening a silt flushing pipe to flush silt, monitoring the water level and the silt concentration, and judging whether to quit a program or start a submersible sewage pump to pump sewage according to a monitoring result after the silt flushing time reaches a set value. The device and the method can monitor the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump in real time, guarantee the safety and high efficiency of the dredging process, automatically control the dredging operation according to the monitoring result, improve the dredging efficiency and quality, and reduce the safety risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dredging of water collection wells of hydropower stations, and in particular to an automatic dredging device and method for dredging of water collection wells of hydropower stations. Background Art

[0002] In the early days, desilting wells at hydropower stations relied primarily on manual labor. Desilting crews had to dig, transport, and remove silt and debris directly from the wells. This method was extremely inefficient, especially for large-scale desilting operations, as it was time-consuming and labor-intensive. With technological advancements, some hydropower stations have begun to adopt mechanical desilting methods, such as excavators and suction trucks. However, these devices pose safety risks, poor adaptability, and inconvenient operation in practice, resulting in less than ideal desilting results.

[0003] For example, some silt collection well desilting technologies use fixed flushing pipes and submersible sewage pumps. Operation and maintenance personnel regularly start the submersible sewage pump to first flush the sediment from the well bottom, and then start the submersible sewage pump to discharge the sewage mixed with sediment out of the sump. However, fixed flushing pipes have many drawbacks. For example, they cannot effectively flush sediment from all areas of the well bottom, especially in corners or distant areas. Long-term accumulation can cause siltation in some areas of the well bottom, reducing the capacity of the sump. Long-term immersion in water can easily cause rust and damage, making maintenance difficult and costly. High-pressure air or high-pressure water flow continuously flushes silt at a fixed location at the well bottom, damaging the structural integrity of the well bottom. In addition, the existing sewage system has low sewage discharge efficiency and cannot monitor the accumulation of sediment at the well bottom. The well water needs to be regularly drained, and workers need to descend to the well bottom for manual sewage cleaning. If sewage is not discharged in a timely manner, the submersible sewage pump suction port will be blocked, and the submersible sewage pump will fail to start, posing the risk of flooding the factory.

[0004] Furthermore, most existing submersible sewage pumps lack real-time, online insulation monitoring capabilities. This often requires manual, periodic testing of insulation resistance, which prevents timely detection of insulation issues and can easily lead to equipment failures and accidents. Furthermore, silt flushing valves are often manually controlled, requiring operators to manually open and close them on-site, preventing remote monitoring and automated control, reducing the efficiency and management of silt removal efforts.

[0005] In summary, the existing water collection well cleaning technology of hydropower stations has shortcomings in terms of dredging efficiency, safety, thoroughness, equipment maintenance cost, and degree of intelligence and automation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automatic dredging device and method for water collection wells of hydropower stations that can solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To this end, a first aspect of the present invention provides an automatic silt removal device for a water collection well of a hydropower station.

[0008] A second aspect of the present invention provides an automatic dredging method for a water collection well of a hydropower station.

[0009] The present invention provides an automatic silt removal device for a water collection well of a hydropower station, comprising: A submersible sewage pump is provided at the bottom of the water collection well. The submersible pump has a sewage outlet and a sewage inlet. The sewage inlet is lower than the sewage outlet and is provided near the bottom of the water collection well. The sewage outlet is connected to an external pipe to form a sewage discharge path. The flushing and silting pipe is connected to the inside of the water collection well and is used to transport water into the water collection well for flushing and silting operations; an insulation monitoring device, disposed above the water level limit of the water collection well and connected to the submersible sewage pump, for monitoring the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump and generating an insulation monitoring signal based on the monitoring result, wherein the insulation monitoring signal is used to indicate whether the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump meets the set requirements; a control valve provided on the flushing and silting pipe for controlling the on / off state of the flushing and silting pipe, wherein the control valve keeps the water flow output of the flushing and silting pipe in an interrupted state at least based on the insulation monitoring signal when the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump does not meet the set requirements; Wherein, when the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump does not meet the set requirements, the submersible sewage pump is kept in a closed state.

[0010] The automatic silt removal device for a water collection well of a hydropower station according to the above technical solution of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: In the above technical solution, the insulation monitoring device determines whether the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump meets the set requirements by measuring the insulation resistance value of the submersible sewage pump casing.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the insulation monitoring device is equipped with a heat dissipation structure.

[0012] The above technical solution also includes: A PLC control unit, configured to receive a collection signal and send a control signal to the control valve, the insulation monitoring device, and the submersible sewage pump according to the collection signal; the collection signal at least includes an insulation monitoring signal; A junction box is arranged above the water level limit of the water collection well; a signal line is led out of the submersible sewage pump to collect signals and receive control signals through the signal line, and several of the signal lines pass through the junction box and then communicate with the PLC control unit and the insulation monitoring device; the insulation monitoring device is arranged adjacent to the junction box.

[0013] The above technical solution also includes: The first limiting frame is arranged on the inner wall of the water collection well, and the flushing and silting pipe is fixedly assembled on the first limiting frame, and the displacement of the flushing and silting pipe is limited by the first limiting frame.

[0014] The above technical solution also includes: A delivery pipe is connected to the sewage outlet and serves as a sewage discharge path to discharge the sewage pumped by the submersible sewage pump out of the water collection well; The second limiting frame is arranged on the inner wall of the water collection well, and the delivery pipe is fixedly assembled on the second limiting frame, and the displacement of the delivery pipe is limited by the second limiting frame.

[0015] The above technical solution also includes: A silt sensor is arranged below the sewage inlet and is used to monitor the silt concentration in the water collection well.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the submersible sewage pump is provided with a fixed base, and the submersible sewage pump is fixed to the bottom of the water collection well through the fixed base; The silt sensor is arranged on the fixed base.

[0017] The above technical solution also includes: The water level sensor is arranged below the junction box and is used to monitor the water level information in the water collection well.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the submersible sewage pump has a accommodating cavity, and the sewage outlet and sewage inlet are respectively connected to the accommodating cavity; The submersible sewage pump comprises: Motor; A transmission cylinder connected to the transmission end of the motor, the transmission cylinder being disposed in the accommodating cavity; The blades, at least two blades are evenly arranged along the circumference of the transmission cylinder.

[0019] The present invention provides an automatic dredging method for a water collection well of a hydropower station, characterized in that the automatic dredging device for a water collection well of a hydropower station as described in any one of the above technical solutions is used to perform dredging operations on the water collection well, and the method comprises: Start the insulation monitoring device to collect insulation monitoring signals in real time to determine whether the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump meets the set requirements; if the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump does not meet the set requirements, suspend the dredging operation; After the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump meets the set requirements, the flushing pipe is opened by controlling the valve to carry out the silt flushing operation; and it is judged whether the silt flushing time reaches the set value; while the silt flushing is in progress, the water level information and silt concentration in the water collection well are monitored; After the flushing and silt removal time reaches the set value, the water level information and silt concentration in the water collection well collected in real time are judged; if the water level and silt concentration in the water collection well do not exceed the set threshold, the silt removal program is exited; if the water level and silt concentration in the water collection well both exceed the set threshold, the insulation monitoring device is disconnected, the submersible sewage pump is started, and the sewage in the water collection well is pumped out of the water collection well.

[0020] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical features, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention can realize real-time and automatic monitoring of the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump through the insulation online monitoring device. Before the submersible sewage pump is started, the insulation is automatically remotely measured. Only when the insulation is qualified will the next operation process be entered, thereby avoiding the start of the submersible sewage pump with poor insulation performance, reducing the probability of motor short circuit, leakage and other faults from the source, and effectively ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel. At the same time, the real-time monitoring function can timely discover slight changes in insulation performance, making it convenient for staff to take measures for maintenance and repair in advance, reducing equipment downtime, and improving the reliability and stability of equipment operation.

[0021] Specifically, the device is equipped with components such as control valves, an insulation monitoring device, and a PLC control unit, enabling automated control of the silt removal process at a hydropower station's water collection wells. Compared to existing methods where silt removal valves are mostly manually controlled and require on-site manual opening and closing, this device eliminates the need for operators to frequently travel back and forth to the water collection wells, significantly reducing labor intensity and workplace risks. It also avoids issues such as delayed or incomplete silt removal due to untimely or inaccurate manual operation, improving the efficiency and reliability of silt removal.

[0022] By transporting water into the collection well through the silt flushing pipe for silt flushing operations, the silt can be effectively stirred and mixed with water to form easily discharged sewage, which is convenient for the submersible sewage pump to smoothly extract and discharge, thereby improving the thoroughness of dredging and the drainage efficiency of the collection well, ensuring the normal operation of the collection well, and reducing the risk of flooding of factories.

[0023] The device's flushing and delivery pipes, along with other pipes, are fixed to the inner wall of the sump via limiters. This limits pipe movement, ensuring stability during the desilting process and preventing sway, displacement, or even damage due to water flow impact, thereby improving the device's reliability and service life. Furthermore, the submersible sewage pump is equipped with a fixed base that secures it to the bottom of the sump, ensuring proper operation and effective extraction.

[0024] In addition to insulation monitoring, the device is equipped with silt and water level sensors to monitor silt concentration and water level in the collection well, respectively. The PLC control unit compares these parameters with setpoints to precisely control the start and stop of desilting operations and the operation of the submersible sewage pump. This enables real-time monitoring of silt accumulation in the collection well and automated desilting, avoiding unnecessary desilting operations, saving energy and water resources, and improving the targeted and effective nature of desilting.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic silt removal device for a water collection well in a hydropower station according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a submersible sewage pump in an automatic silt removal device for a water collection well in a hydropower station according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a submersible sewage pump in an automatic silt removal device for a water collection well in a hydropower station according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for automatically desilting a water collection well in a hydropower station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] in, Figures 1 to 4 The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and component names is as follows: 1. Water collection well; 2. Underground; 3. Ground; 4. Manhole cover; 5. Submersible sewage pump; 6. Signal line; 7. Fixed base; 8. Silt sensor; 9. Sewage inlet pipe; 10. Sewage outlet pipe; 11. First limit frame; 12. Silt flushing pipe; 13. Second limit frame; 14. Delivery pipe; 15. Control valve; 16. Junction box; 17. Insulation monitoring device; 18. PLC control unit; 19. Motor; 20. Water level sensor; 21. Transmission cylinder; 22. Blades. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other.

[0029] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 4 The following describes an automatic desilting device and method for a water collection well in a hydropower station provided according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Some embodiments of the present application provide an automatic silt removal device for a water collection well 1 of a hydropower station.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the first embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic silt removal device for a water collection well 1 of a hydropower station, which at least includes: a submersible sewage pump 5, a silt flushing pipe 12, an insulation monitoring device 17 and a control valve 15.

[0033] The submersible sewage pump 5 is arranged at the bottom of the water collection well 1. The submersible pump has a sewage outlet and a sewage inlet. The sewage inlet is lower than the sewage outlet and is arranged near the bottom of the water collection well 1. The sewage outlet is connected to an external pipeline to form a sewage discharge path. The silt flushing pipe 12 is connected to the inside of the water collection well 1 and is used to transport water into the water collection well 1 for silt flushing. Specifically, one end of the silt flushing pipe 12 located outside the underground 2 is connected to an external water source. By silting, the silt concentration and impurity accumulation in the water collection well 1 can be reduced, and the probability of failure of equipment such as the submersible sewage pump 5 due to blockage and wear can be reduced, the service life of the equipment can be extended, and the maintenance and repair costs can be reduced. At the same time, the water collection well 1 can be kept in good operating condition, and the drainage and sewage discharge functions can be prevented from being affected by silt blockage, thereby ensuring the stability and normal operation of the entire drainage and sewage system. The insulation monitoring device 17 is disposed above the water level limit of the water collection well 1 and is connected to the submersible sewage pump 5. It is used to monitor the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump 5 and generate an insulation monitoring signal based on the monitoring results. The insulation monitoring signal is used to indicate whether the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump 5 meets the set requirements. The control valve 15 is disposed in the silt flushing pipe 12 and is used to control the on-off state of the silt flushing pipe 12. The control valve 15 maintains the water flow output of the silt flushing pipe 12 in an interrupted state based on at least the insulation monitoring signal when the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump 5 does not meet the set requirements. Specifically, the control valve 15 can be an automatic valve of model Q611F-16P. Automatic valves do not require manual on-site opening and closing. They can automatically execute actions according to preset programs, sensor signals, or remote commands, greatly reducing manpower input. It is particularly suitable for locations that are difficult for personnel to reach or dangerous environments.

[0034] When the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump 5 does not meet the set requirements, the submersible sewage pump 5 is kept in a closed state.

[0035] It should be noted that the signal control involved in this disclosure can all be implemented using a simple logic judgment circuit. For example, a collected signal and a signal representing a set threshold are input into a comparator for comparison. The resulting logic level signal can be used to control the opening and closing of the corresponding switch or valve. Of course, the above signal control process can also be implemented through program judgment, which will not be detailed here.

[0036] Specifically, the water collection well 1 is usually set underground 2, that is, below the ground 3, and a closable manhole cover 4 is provided on the top of the water collection well 1 to facilitate the entry and exit of workers for maintenance operations. Figure 2 As shown, the sewage outlet of the submersible sewage pump 5 is led outward through the sewage outlet pipe 10, and the sewage inlet is led outward through the sewage inlet pipe 9. At this time, the sewage outlet can be understood as the outlet of the sewage outlet pipe 10, and the sewage inlet can be understood as the inlet of the sewage inlet pipe 9.

[0037] It should be noted that the insulation monitoring device 17 selected in the present disclosure is an online insulation monitoring device 17, which can be an insulation resistance monitoring device, a leakage current monitoring device, or a partial discharge monitoring device, etc., all of which can perform online measurement of the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump 5. In some embodiments, the insulation monitoring device 17 determines whether the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump 5 meets the set requirements by measuring the insulation resistance value of the submersible sewage pump 5 housing. By comparing the insulation resistance value collected in real time with the set standard resistance value, it can be determined whether the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump 5 meets the set requirements. If the insulation resistance value is less than the standard resistance value, it can be determined that its insulation performance does not meet the requirements, and insulation abnormalities can be detected in advance to avoid safety accidents such as leakage and short circuit, thereby ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0038] Because an insulation resistance monitoring device is used, this type of insulation monitoring device 17 generates a significant amount of heat during online monitoring. Therefore, in some embodiments, the insulation monitoring device 17 is configured with a heat dissipation structure. Specifically, a cooling copper sheet or similar heat dissipation structure can be installed on the top of the insulation monitoring device 17 to dissipate heat. This prevents the device from experiencing performance degradation or damage due to prolonged high-temperature operation, extends its service life, ensures the stability and reliability of the online insulation monitoring device, and thus, guarantees the safe and efficient operation of the entire submersible sewage pump 5.

[0039] In some embodiments, the automatic silt removal device further includes a PLC control unit 18 and a junction box 16 .

[0040] The PLC control unit 18 receives collected signals and sends control signals to the control valve 15, the insulation monitoring device 17, and the submersible sewage pump 5 based on the collected signals. The collected signals include at least the insulation monitoring signal and may also include water level monitoring signals and sludge concentration monitoring signals. The generated control signals can respectively control the opening and closing of the insulation monitoring device 17, the submersible sewage pump 5, and the control valve 15.

[0041] A junction box 16 is located above the water level limit of the water collection well 1. Signal lines 6 are drawn from the submersible sewage pump 5 to collect signals and receive control signals. Several of these signal lines 6 pass through the junction box 16 and then communicate with the PLC control unit 18 and insulation monitoring device 17. The insulation monitoring device 17 is located adjacent to the junction box 16. It will be understood that in this disclosure, the electronic control components and their accessories (including the insulation monitoring device 17, junction box 16, etc.) are all located above the water level limit of the water collection well 1 to protect them from water ingress.

[0042] In some embodiments, the automatic silt removal device further includes a first limiting frame 11, a delivery pipe 14 and a second limiting frame 13. Figure 1 A first limiting frame 11 is provided on one side of the inner wall of the water collection well 1. The silt flushing pipe 12 is fixedly mounted on the first limiting frame 11, and its displacement is limited by the first limiting frame 11. A delivery pipe 14 is connected to the sewage outlet, serving as a sewage discharge path for the submersible sewage pump 5 to discharge sewage out of the water collection well 1. A second limiting frame 13 is provided on the other side of the inner wall of the water collection well 1. The delivery pipe 14 is fixedly mounted on the second limiting frame 13, and its displacement is limited by the second limiting frame 13. By setting the first limit frame 11 and the second limit frame 13, the pipeline in the water collection well 1 is prevented from shaking and shifting in the water collection well 1, ensuring its accurate position, facilitating stable connection, and maintaining the stability of the overall structure of the system. At the same time, it avoids problems such as wear, loose interfaces and leakage caused by water flow impact, vibration or external force collision in the inlet and outlet pipelines, thereby extending the service life of the pipeline. In addition, the reasonable layout of the transportation path allows the water flow or sewage in the water collection well 1 to flow more smoothly into the delivery pipe 14 through the sewage pipe 10 for discharge, thereby improving the sewage discharge efficiency.

[0043] In some embodiments, the automatic silt removal device further includes a silt sensor 8 and a water level sensor 20 .

[0044] The silt sensor 8 is set below the sewage inlet and is used to monitor the silt concentration in the water collection well 1. Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the submersible sewage pump 5 is provided with a fixed base 7, through which the submersible sewage pump 5 is fixed to the bottom of the water collection well 1; the silt sensor 8 is provided on the fixed base 7. In some embodiments, the silt sensor 8 is located three centimeters below the sewage inlet pipe 9.

[0045] The water level sensor 20 is arranged below the junction box 16 and is used to monitor the water level information in the water collection well 1. In a specific embodiment, the water level sensor 20 is arranged ten centimeters below the junction box 16, which can not only effectively monitor the water level changes, but also ensure that it is within the normal water level fluctuation range. At the same time, it can also prevent the water level from overflowing into the junction box 16 due to excessive water level, threatening the normal operation of the internal circuits and the online insulation monitoring device 17.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the submersible sewage pump 5 has a accommodating cavity, and the sewage outlet and sewage inlet are respectively connected to the accommodating cavity; the submersible sewage pump 5 includes a motor 19, a transmission cylinder 21 and blades 22.

[0047] The transmission cylinder 21 is connected to the drive end of the motor 19 and is disposed within the housing chamber. At least two blades 22 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the transmission cylinder 21. The motor 19, serving as the core power source, efficiently converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, driving the transmission cylinder 21 to rotate. The transmission cylinder 21 precisely transmits the power from the motor 19 through a stable transmission connection. The blades 22 on the outer wall of the transmission cylinder 21 rotate at high speed, generating powerful centrifugal force to suck and push the sewage, allowing it to quickly enter the pump body through the sewage inlet pipe 9 and be discharged through the sewage discharge pipe 10.

[0048] Other embodiments of the present invention provide a method for automatically desilting a water collection well 1 of a hydropower station, wherein the automatic desilting device for desilting a water collection well 1 of a hydropower station as described in any of the above embodiments is used to perform desilting operations on the water collection well 1, and the method includes: The insulation monitoring device 17 is started to collect insulation monitoring signals in real time to determine whether the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump 5 meets the set requirements, that is, to compare and see whether the insulation resistance value monitored in real time meets the specified qualification standard; if the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump 5 does not meet the set requirements, the desilting operation is terminated; After the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump 5 meets the set requirements, the silt flushing pipe 12 is opened by the control valve 15 to perform the silt flushing operation; and it is determined whether the silt flushing time reaches the set value; while the silt flushing is in progress, the water level information and silt concentration in the water collection well 1 are monitored; in some embodiments, the set value of the silt flushing time can be 5 minutes or 10 minutes, etc., which can be adjusted as needed; After the flushing and siltation time reaches the set value, the water level information and silt concentration in the water collection well 1 collected in real time are judged; if the water level and silt concentration in the water collection well 1 do not exceed the set threshold, the silt removal program is exited and the control valve 15 is closed; if the water level and silt concentration in the water collection well 1 both exceed the set threshold, the insulation monitoring device 17 is disconnected, the submersible sewage pump 5 is started, and the sewage in the water collection well 1 is pumped out of the water collection well 1.

[0049] In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0050] Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic silt removal device for a water collection well of a hydropower station, characterized in that: include: A submersible sewage pump is provided at the bottom of the water collection well. The submersible pump has a sewage outlet and a sewage inlet. The sewage inlet is lower than the sewage outlet and is provided near the bottom of the water collection well. The sewage outlet is connected to an external pipe to form a sewage discharge path. The flushing and silting pipe is connected to the inside of the water collection well and is used to transport water into the water collection well for flushing and silting operations; an insulation monitoring device, disposed above the water level limit of the water collection well and connected to the submersible sewage pump, for monitoring the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump and generating an insulation monitoring signal based on the monitoring result, wherein the insulation monitoring signal is used to indicate whether the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump meets the set requirements; a control valve provided on the flushing and silting pipe for controlling the on / off state of the flushing and silting pipe, wherein the control valve keeps the water flow output of the flushing and silting pipe in an interrupted state at least based on the insulation monitoring signal when the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump does not meet the set requirements; Wherein, when the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump does not meet the set requirements, the submersible sewage pump is kept in a closed state.

2. The automatic desilting device for a water collection well of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation monitoring device determines whether the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump meets the set requirements by measuring the insulation resistance value of the submersible sewage pump housing.

3. The automatic desilting device for a water collection well of a hydropower station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insulation monitoring device is equipped with a heat dissipation structure.

4. The automatic desilting device for a water collection well of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A PLC control unit, configured to receive a collection signal and send a control signal to the control valve, the insulation monitoring device, and the submersible sewage pump according to the collection signal; the collection signal at least includes an insulation monitoring signal; A junction box is arranged above the water level limit of the water collection well; a signal line is led out of the submersible sewage pump to collect signals and receive control signals through the signal line, and several of the signal lines pass through the junction box and then communicate with the PLC control unit and the insulation monitoring device; the insulation monitoring device is arranged adjacent to the junction box.

5. The automatic desilting device for a water collection well of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The first limiting frame is arranged on the inner wall of the water collection well, and the flushing and silting pipe is fixedly assembled on the first limiting frame, and the displacement of the flushing and silting pipe is limited by the first limiting frame.

6. The automatic desilting device for a water collection well of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A delivery pipe is connected to the sewage outlet and serves as a sewage discharge path to discharge the sewage pumped by the submersible sewage pump out of the water collection well; The second limiting frame is arranged on the inner wall of the water collection well, and the delivery pipe is fixedly assembled on the second limiting frame, and the displacement of the delivery pipe is limited by the second limiting frame.

7. The automatic desilting device for a water collection well of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A silt sensor is arranged below the sewage inlet and is used to monitor the silt concentration in the water collection well.

8. The automatic desilting device for a water collection well of a hydropower station according to claim 7, characterized in that: The submersible sewage pump is provided with a fixed base, and the submersible sewage pump is fixed to the bottom of the water collection well through the fixed base; The silt sensor is arranged on the fixed base.

9. The automatic desilting device for a water collection well of a hydropower station according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: The water level sensor is arranged below the junction box and is used to monitor the water level information in the water collection well.

10. A method for automatically desilting a water collection well in a hydropower station, characterized in that: The automatic silt removal device for a water collection well of a hydropower station according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used to perform a silt removal operation on the water collection well, the method comprising: Start the insulation monitoring device to collect insulation monitoring signals in real time to determine whether the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump meets the set requirements; if the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump does not meet the set requirements, suspend the dredging operation; After the insulation performance of the submersible sewage pump meets the set requirements, the flushing pipe is opened by controlling the valve to carry out the silt flushing operation; and it is judged whether the silt flushing time reaches the set value; while the silt flushing is in progress, the water level information and silt concentration in the water collection well are monitored; After the flushing and silt removal time reaches the set value, the water level information and silt concentration in the water collection well collected in real time are judged; if the water level and silt concentration in the water collection well do not exceed the set threshold, the silt removal program is exited; if the water level and silt concentration in the water collection well both exceed the set threshold, the insulation monitoring device is disconnected, the submersible sewage pump is started, and the sewage in the water collection well is pumped out of the water collection well.

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