Pre-splitting blasting charging structure adopting mixed charging truck for charging and blasting method of pre-splitting blasting charging structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a presplitting blasting charging structure adopting a mixed charging truck for charging and a blasting method thereof.The charging structure sequentially comprises an explosive section, an air interval section and a filling section from inside to outside along a blast hole, the explosive section is filled with mixed explosive, a detonating cap is arranged in the explosive section, and a detonator leg wire connected with the detonator extends out of the blast hole; a cavity is reserved in a blast hole in the outer side of the explosive section to serve as an air interval section, a detonating cord is arranged in the air interval section and connected with a detonator in the explosive section to detonate, and the filling section is arranged at a blast hole opening in the outer side of the air interval section to seal the blast hole. The pre-splitting blasting charging structure suitable for the mixed charging truck is adopted, the charging structure is simple, the non-coupling effect of explosive shock waves in air intervals and shock waves generated by the double detonating fuses are fully utilized, the pre-splitting blasting cost is reduced, the success rate of pre-splitting blasting forming is increased, the production efficiency of pre-splitting blasting is improved, and good economic benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a pre-splitting blasting charge structure adopting a mixed-loading vehicle charge and a blasting method thereof, belonging to the technical field of pre-splitting blasting. Background Art

[0002] Pre-splitting blasting refers to blasting a through crack of a certain width along the designed contour line before blasting in the main blasting area. This crack buffers and reflects the vibration waves of the excavation blasting in the main blasting area, controls the destructive effect of the blasting energy generated by the excavation blasting on the retained rock mass outside the designed contour line, and obtains a smoother excavation boundary contour.

[0003] Because pre-splitting blasting can effectively control the impact of blasting vibration on the mining boundary, it is currently the primary method of controlled blasting in mining operations. Underground blasting differs from open-pit blasting in that, due to the influence of geostress, the formation of pre-cracks often requires sufficient explosives to be filled into the blasthole, resulting in high explosive consumption. Excessive explosives can cause significant blasting vibration, leading to significant damage to the rock mass surrounding the pre-cracks. Furthermore, most pre-splitting blasting operations currently use packaged emulsion explosives, which creates a gap between the blasthole and the explosive, creating an uncoupled charge structure that affects the formation of pre-cracks. This also results in high blasting costs, difficulty in operation, and long operation times. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to address the problems of large charge consumption and poor pre-splitting blasting effect in existing underground blasting using pre-splitting blasting, and to provide a pre-splitting blasting charge structure using mixed loading vehicle charge and a blasting method thereof.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: The present invention first discloses a pre-splitting blasting charge structure using a mixed loading vehicle. From the inside to the outside of the blasthole, there are an explosive section 100, an air gap section 200 and a filling section 300. The explosive section 100 is filled with mixed explosives 101 and is provided with a detonator 401 for detonation. A detonator leg line 403 connected to the detonator 401 extends outside the blasthole. A cavity 201 is reserved in the blasthole outside the explosive section 100 as the air gap section 200. A detonating cord 402 is provided in the air gap section 200. The detonating cord 402 is connected to the detonator 401 in the explosive section 100 for detonation. The filling section 300 is provided at the blasthole mouth outside the air gap section 200 to seal the blasthole.

[0006] In the pre-splitting blasting charge structure using mixed vehicle charge of the present invention, further, one end of the detonating cord 402 is connected to the detonator 401 in the explosive section 100, and the other end extends to be fixed in the filling section 300.

[0007] In the pre-splitting blasting charge structure using mixed vehicle charge of the present invention, further, the detonating cord 402 uses a double detonating cord.

[0008] In the pre-splitting blasting charge structure using mixed-car charging of the present invention, further, the filling section 300 is formed by plugging the blasthole orifice with taphole mud.

[0009] In a pre-splitting blasting charge structure using a mixed loading vehicle charge of the present invention, further, the length of the filling section 300 is 9-12% of the length of the blasthole, the length of the air space section 200 is 45-70% of the length of the blasthole, and the length of the charging section 100 is 25-33% of the length of the blasthole.

[0010] The present invention also discloses a blasting method using the above-mentioned pre-splitting blasting charge structure, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Use a drilling rig to drill the blastholes in the blasting area and clean the impurities in the blastholes before charging them; Step 2: After the double detonating cord and detonator are connected, the detonator is placed in the explosive section at the bottom of the blasthole. The double detonating cord extends from the bottom of the blasthole to the top area of the air gap section. Then, a mixing truck is used to fill the mixed explosives to the bottom of the blasthole to form a charging section. Step 3: Reserve a cavity in the blasthole outside the charge section to form an air gap section. Fill the blasthole opening outside the air gap section with gun mud. Press and secure the double detonating cord extending to the top of the air gap section. Lead the detonator leg wire connected to the detonator out of the blasthole. Step 4: Connect the detonator legs of all blastholes to the blasting network for detonation, and use electronic detonators to detonate the double detonating cords and explosives in the blastholes for pre-splitting blasting.

[0011] The present invention adopts a mixed loading vehicle for charging. The charging structure is provided with detonating components in the explosive section and the air gap section respectively. The electronic detonator and the double detonating cord are combined in series to form an active detonating component. The double detonating cord and the explosive are detonated by the electronic detonator. The impact energy generated after the explosive section is detonated fully utilizes the uncoupling effect generated in the air gap section to generate pre-cracks. The air gap section utilizes the shock wave assisted by the double detonating cord to promote the formation of pre-cracks.

[0012] The above technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention adopts a pre-splitting blasting charging structure with mixed loading vehicles. The charging structure is simple and the blasting cost is low. Compared with the traditional pre-splitting blasting charging structure, the operation process is simple, manual work is reduced, and the blasting cost of the mine is reduced.

[0013] (2) The pre-splitting blasting charge structure of the present invention adopts mixed explosives to form explosive sections, which can realize precise control of the charge amount, and the mixed explosives in the explosive section are tightly coupled with the blasthole wall, making full use of the uncoupling effect of the shock wave generated by the explosive in the air gap section. The impact energy can more accurately destroy the rock to produce pre-cracks and reduce the damage to the rock mass around the pre-cracks.

[0014] (3) The pre-splitting blasting charge structure of the present invention improves the energy utilization rate of the shock wave by assisting the shock wave generated by the double detonating cord, reduces the damage to the rock mass caused by the blasting energy of the mixed explosives, and accurately promotes the formation of pre-cracks.

[0015] In summary, the present invention adopts a mixed loading vehicle to load mixed explosives during pre-splitting blasting, and arranges an air spacer section and a double detonating cord in the blasting hole, thereby making full use of the uncoupling effect of the shock wave generated by the explosives to assist the double detonating cord in generating the shock wave, thereby improving the success rate of pre-crack formation, reducing blasting costs, simplifying construction operations, and having good economic benefits. It has a wide range of promotion and application value for similar pre-splitting blasting projects.

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the pre-splitting blasting charge structure using mixed loading vehicle charge in the embodiment.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process of blasting the pre-splitting blasting charge structure in the embodiment.

[0019] Numbers in the figure: 100-explosive section, 101-mixed explosive, 200-air spacer section, 201-cavity, 300-filling section, 301-gun mud, 401-detonator, 402-detonating cord, 403-detonator leg line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example

[0020] The technical solutions in this embodiment are described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a portion of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1The figure shows a specific embodiment of the pre-splitting blasting charge structure using a mixed loading vehicle according to the present invention. This embodiment is used for pre-splitting blasting in mining production. In this charge structure, from the inside to the outside of the blasthole, there are explosive section 100, air gap section 200 and filling section 300. The explosive section 100 is formed by loading mixed explosive 101 into the blasthole by a mixed loading vehicle. The mixed explosive 101 is an emulsion explosive composed of an explosive matrix, an emulsifier and a sensitizer. A detonator 401 for detonating the explosive is provided inside the explosive section. The detonator 401 is an electronic detonator, and the detonator leg wire 400 is connected. 03 extends outside the blasthole. The air gap section 200 is a cavity 201 reserved in the blasthole outside the explosive section 100. The cavity is not filled with any substance. In this embodiment, a detonating cord 402 is set in the air gap section 200. The detonating cord 402 is connected to the detonator 401 in the explosive section 100, and the detonator 401 is used for detonation. The filling section 300 is set at the blasthole mouth outside the air gap section 200 to seal the blasthole. The impact energy generated after the charging section 100 is detonated fully utilizes the uncoupling effect in the air gap section to produce pre-cracks in the rock mass around the blasthole.

[0022] In this embodiment, active detonation assemblies are provided within the charge section 100 and the air gap section 200, which are arranged in sections within the blasthole. These assemblies include a detonator 401 and a detonating cord 402, which are connected in series. Detonator 401 detonates detonating cord 402 and the mixed explosive 101. In this embodiment, detonator 401 is an electronic detonator. However, in actual applications, other types of detonators may be used depending on the actual explosive detonation performance.

[0023] The detonating cord 402 is a double detonating cord. During installation, one end of the double detonating cord is connected to the detonator 401 within the explosive section 100, while the other end extends to and is secured within the tamping section 300 on the other side of the air gap section 200. To prevent the mixed explosive from being swept out of the blasthole by the blast shock wave and air leakage from affecting the blasting effect, the blasthole opening is strictly filled with taphole mud 301 to form the tamping section 300. The taphole mud 301 is made of clay and adheres closely to the blasthole wall, sealing the opening. While the tamping section 300 uses taphole mud 301 to block the blasthole opening, the other end of the double detonating cord is buried in the taphole mud and compacted, thus extending the double detonating cord throughout the air gap section 200.

[0024] Specifically, the length of the charging section in this embodiment depends on the rock properties, the blasthole diameter, the blasthole spacing, the energy leakage rate, and the stable impact energy of the explosive in the blasthole. Specifically, the length of the filling section 300 is 9-12% of the blasthole length, the length of the air gap section 200 is 45-70% of the blasthole length, and the length of the charging section 100 is 25-33% of the blasthole length.

[0025] The blasting method using the above-mentioned pre-splitting blasting charge structure in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Use a drilling rig to drill holes in the blasting area. Clean the impurities in the holes before charging them, and use high-pressure air to blow out gravel and other impurities in the holes.

[0026] Step 2. After the double detonating cord and detonator are connected, place the detonator in the explosive section at the bottom of the blasthole. The double detonating cord extends from the bottom of the blasthole to the top area of the air gap section. Then use a mixing truck to fill the mixed explosives to the bottom of the blasthole to form a charging section. During the charging process, pay attention to the normal laying of the detonating cord and detonator leg line leading from the charging section to prevent the detonating cord and detonator from loosening from the charging section.

[0027] Step 3: Reserve a cavity in the blasthole outside the charging section to form an air spacer section, fill the blasthole with gun mud at the mouth of the blasthole outside the air spacer section to form a filling section, tighten and fix the double detonating cord extending to the top of the air spacer section, and lead the detonator leg line connected to the detonator out of the blasthole.

[0028] Step 4: Complete the charging of all blastholes in all blasting networks, connect the detonator legs of all blastholes to the detonation network for detonation, and use electronic detonators to detonate the double detonating cords and explosives in the blastholes for pre-splitting blasting.

[0029] The above embodiments are merely examples to clearly illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit its implementation. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to provide an exhaustive list of all embodiments. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-splitting blasting charge structure using mixed loading vehicle charge, characterized by: From the inside to the outside of the blasthole, there are an explosive section (100), an air interval section (200) and a filling section (300). The explosive section (100) is filled with mixed explosives (101) and is provided with a detonator (401) for detonation. The detonator leg line (403) connected to the detonator (401) extends to the outside of the blasthole. A cavity (201) is reserved in the blasthole outside the explosive section (100) as the air interval section (200). A detonating cord (402) is provided in the air interval section (200). The detonating cord (402) is connected to the detonator (401) in the explosive section (100) for detonation. The filling section (300) is provided at the blasthole mouth outside the air interval section (200) to seal the blasthole.

2. The pre-splitting blasting charge structure using mixed-car charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the detonating cord (402) is connected to the detonator (401) in the explosive section (100), and the other end extends into the filling section (300) and is fixed therein.

3. The pre-splitting blasting charge structure using mixed-car charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detonating cord (402) adopts a double detonating cord.

4. The pre-splitting blasting charge structure using mixed-car charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling section (300) is formed by plugging the blasthole opening with gun mud.

5. The pre-splitting blasting charge structure using mixed-car charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the filling section (300) is 9-12% of the length of the blasthole, the length of the air gap section (200) is 45-70% of the length of the blasthole, and the length of the charging section (100) is 25-33% of the length of the blasthole.

6. A blasting method using the pre-splitting blasting charge structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The steps include: Step 1: Use a drilling rig to drill the blastholes in the blasting area and clean the impurities in the blastholes before charging them; Step 2: After the double detonating cord and detonator are connected, the detonator is placed in the explosive section at the bottom of the blasthole. The double detonating cord extends from the bottom of the blasthole to the top area of the air gap section. Then, a mixing truck is used to fill the mixed explosives to the bottom of the blasthole to form a charging section. Step 3: Reserve a cavity in the blasthole outside the charge section to form an air gap section. Fill the blasthole opening outside the air gap section with gun mud. Press and secure the double detonating cord extending to the top of the air gap section. Lead the detonator leg wire connected to the detonator out of the blasthole. Step 4: Connect the detonator legs of all blastholes to the blasting network for detonation, and use electronic detonators to detonate the double detonating cords and explosives in the blastholes for pre-splitting blasting.

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