Wellhead blowout prevention equipment with adjustable frequency

Abstract

The invention discloses frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout prevention equipment, and particularly relates to the technical field of petroleum blowout prevention equipment. By arranging an extension adjusting unit and an alignment unit, radial and axial self-adaptive centering and limiting guiding are gradually realized through a conical surface transition structure; the flange base of the blowout prevention equipment is accurately positioned at the upper end of a well mouth, then the two arc-shaped tooth holders and the gear are driven by the lifting air cylinder to descend to the position consistent with the height of an existing flange pipe, the two arc-shaped tooth holders are connected with the flange pipe in a clamped mode, and the gear rotates, so that the two arc-shaped tooth holders drive the flange pipe to rotate together; the hole positions of the flange base and the conical guide hole seat in the blowout prevention equipment are kept consistent, so that the blowout prevention equipment can be quickly and accurately aligned in large hoisting installation, the width of a channel is dynamically adjusted by respectively approaching the outer side and the inner side through the upper adjusting plate and the lower adjusting plate, efficient flow control is realized, and wellhead flow change can be adaptively coped with.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum blowout prevention equipment, in particular to a wellhead blowout prevention equipment with adjustable frequency. Background Art

[0002] A blowout refers to the sudden ejection of oil, gas or formation fluid from the well due to high pressure during the drilling process, which may cause an extremely serious safety accident. A blowout may not only cause environmental pollution and equipment damage, but also pose a threat to operators. Blowout preventers quickly seal the wellhead to prevent the ejection of high-pressure oil and gas, thereby avoiding the occurrence of blowout accidents. When abnormally high pressure occurs during drilling operations, wellhead blowout preventers can quickly seal the wellhead to prevent oil and gas leakage, ensure the safety of operators, and protect operators from injuries caused by sudden pressure increases, fires or explosions. Traditional wellhead blowout preventers are usually composed of multiple valves, sealing devices and control systems to cope with different wellhead pressure conditions.

[0003] Traditional blowout preventer equipment mostly uses fixed pressure settings and flow regulation methods. When the wellhead pressure or flow fluctuates, it is often impossible to adjust in time, resulting in equipment instability or failure. During large-scale lifting and installation, the blowout preventer equipment cannot be quickly and accurately aligned with the wellhead, and positioning errors can easily lead to unstable connections or loose seals. Based on this, the present invention proposes a frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout preventer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout prevention device to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0005] The technical problems mainly solved by the present invention are: Traditional blowout preventer equipment mostly uses fixed pressure settings and flow regulation methods. When the wellhead pressure or flow fluctuates, it is often impossible to adjust in time, resulting in equipment instability or failure. During large-scale lifting and installation, the blowout preventer equipment cannot be quickly and accurately aligned with the wellhead, and positioning errors can easily lead to unstable connections or loose seals.

[0006] The present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout prevention device comprises a housing, characterized in that: a plugging seat is connected to the top end of the housing, a flow regulating seat is connected to the bottom end of the housing, and a sliding hoisting alignment assembly is provided above the housing; The flow regulating seat is provided with an extension regulating unit for regulating the flow; The extension adjustment unit includes adjustment plates rotatably arranged at the upper and lower ends of the flow adjustment seat cavity. The ends of the two adjustment plates away from the rotating side are provided with corrugated parts, and an elastic barrier pad is installed at the rotating end of each adjustment plate. The inner side of each adjustment plate is rotatably connected to a transmission rod, and the ends of the two transmission rods are rotatably connected to the same positioning sleeve, and the positioning sleeve is limited and slides in the flow adjustment seat; A flange base is installed on the bottom surface of the shell, and a centering unit is provided on the bottom surface of the flange base. The centering unit includes a conical ring seat. A conical guide hole seat is provided below the flange base and is installed on the wellhead and used in conjunction with the conical ring seat. The sliding hoisting alignment assembly includes two movable hanging rails, each of which is slidably provided with a slide, and each slide is respectively connected to the lifting ears on both sides of the blocking seat through a corresponding lifting steel rope; The lower surface of the slide is provided with an alignment unit for aligning the flange base with the hole position of the tapered guide hole seat; The alignment unit includes an electric push rod installed on the mounting plate below the side slide and arranged horizontally. The pushing end of the electric push rod is installed with an arc-shaped tooth seat that is clamped with the flange pipe on the blocking seat. The pushing end of the electric push rod and the arc-shaped tooth seat are limitedly slidably arranged; The outer side of the arc-shaped tooth seat is meshed with a driving member, which includes a rotating seat rotatably arranged on the mounting plate, and the lower surface end of the rotating seat is equipped with a gear driven by a forward and reverse motor and meshed with the arc-shaped tooth seat.

[0007] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that: a positioning groove is provided through the surface of the arc-shaped tooth seat, and a clamping block is provided on the top outer surface of the blocking seat to engage with the positioning groove; An annular groove is provided on the outer surface of each arc-shaped tooth seat, and a guide seat is provided inside the annular groove for limited sliding. The pushing end of each electric push rod is fixed to the surface of the corresponding side guide seat.

[0008] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that a forward and reverse screw driven by a forward and reverse motor 2 is installed inside the flow regulating seat, the forward and reverse screw is threadedly connected to the positioning sleeve, and the positioning sleeve slides with the inner wall surface of the flow regulating seat in a limited manner.

[0009] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that: an airbag component 2 is provided on the bottom surface of the flange base near the outer side of the conical ring seat, and the end of the airbag component 2 is connected to a bottom sealing gasket, and the surface of the bottom sealing gasket is tightly fitted with the upper surface of the conical guide hole seat.

[0010] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that: a concave cavity with an annular structure is provided at the bottom of the blocking seat, a docking sealing gasket is fitted in the concave cavity, and a docking sealing unit installed on the housing is clamped inside the docking sealing gasket; The docking sealing unit includes a sealing ring that is vertically fitted with the inner cavity of the shell and the blocking seat, an airbag component 1 is installed on the outer side of the sealing ring, an extension component is provided on the outer extension direction of the airbag component 1, and a clamping sealing gasket is provided on the outer side of the airbag component 1; The second airbag component and the first airbag component are connected to the air pump through their respective air inlet channels.

[0011] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that: a push-in insert ring is fixed to one side of the upper end of the sealing ring, and a clamping cavity is formed through the surface of the push-in insert ring; A card cavity is provided above the concave cavity, and a docking block is provided in the card cavity, which extends to the outside of the blocking seat and is inserted into the card slot. A spring 2 is provided on the outside of the docking block. One end of the second spring is fixed to the blocking block near the end of the docking block, and the other end of the second spring is fixed to the card cavity. One end of the docking block is provided with a push inclined surface for use with a push insert ring, and the other end of the docking block is provided with a dial handle.

[0012] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that: the blocking seat is provided with two groups of blocking units 1 and 2 which move simultaneously but block at different times; The inner cavity of the blocking seat is provided with an adjustment cavity for sliding of the blocking unit 1 and the blocking unit 2; When the blocking unit 1 is blocked, the blocking unit 2 is in the open state.

[0013] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that a driving shaft driven by a dual-axis motor is installed on the outer side of the blocking seat, and an eccentric wheel is installed on each driving shaft. The two eccentric wheels are set at an interval and used in conjunction with blocking unit one and blocking unit two.

[0014] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that: the blocking unit 1 and the blocking unit 2 both include blocking blocks; The outer side of the eccentric wheel is in contact with a reset rod, the end of which is fixed with a push block that slides within the adjustment cavity, and the outer side of the reset rod is sleeved with a spring 1; The inner side of the pushing block is fixed to the blocking block.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting up the extension adjustment unit and the alignment unit, the radial and axial adaptive centering and limit guidance are gradually realized through the conical transition structure, so that the flange base of the blowout preventer equipment is accurately positioned at the upper end of the wellhead. Subsequently, the two arc-shaped tooth seats and the gear are driven by the lifting cylinder to descend to a position consistent with the current flange pipe height. The two arc-shaped tooth seats are clamped with the flange pipe. Through the rotation of the gear, the two arc-shaped tooth seats drive the flange pipe to rotate together, so that the hole position of the flange base and the conical guide hole seat in the blowout preventer equipment is consistent, so that the blowout preventer equipment can be quickly and accurately aligned during large-scale lifting and installation. By moving the upper and lower adjustment plates closer to the outside and inside respectively, the channel width is dynamically adjusted, realizing efficient flow control, being able to adaptively respond to changes in wellhead flow, and ensuring the stable operation and safety of the blowout preventer equipment under different flow conditions; 2. After the flange base and the tapered guide hole seat are accurately installed, the airbag component 2 expands directionally, prompting the bottom sealing gasket to be pressed downward under the continuous pushing action of the airbag component 2, so that the bottom sealing gasket and the upper end surface of the tapered guide hole seat are tightly fitted, effectively forming an axial sealing interface, and preventing the high-pressure oil or gas in the wellhead from leaking along the installation joint; the airbag component 1 receives the compressed gas delivered by the air pump through the connected air inlet channel, and expands directionally in the closed cavity, and its expansion direction expands toward the inner wall of the docking sealing gasket. Since the sealing ring adopts a metal ring structure, no outward radial expansion force is applied to the sealing ring. Under the outward expansion force, the outer wall of the clamping sealing gasket firmly abuts against the inner wall surface of the docking sealing gasket, achieving a high-fit radial sealing effect and preventing the oil medium from leaking at the connection part; 3. By alternately activating plugging unit 1 and plugging unit 2, the system adapts to changes in different pressure environments, avoids situations where the instantaneous flow is too large or too small, reduces the system burden, and avoids pressure fluctuations caused by complete plugging. This makes the pressure changes in the system more stable, and prevents wellhead pressure accumulation due to excessive plugging, thus avoiding equipment damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sealing seat of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flow regulating seat of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the arc-shaped gear seat and the housing of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the arc-shaped gear seat and the electric push rod of the present invention.

[0018] Figure: 1. Mobile hanging rail; 2. Housing; 3. Flange base; 4. Blocking seat; 5. Flow regulating seat; 6. Slide; 7. Blocking block; 8. Blocking unit 1; 9. Adjusting chamber; 10. Eccentric wheel; 11. Drive shaft; 12. Spring 1; 13. Reset lever; 14. Pushing block; 15. Blocking unit 2; 16. Handle; 17. Docking block; 18. Pushing ring; 19. Spring 2; 20. Sealing ring; 21 1. Airbag part 1; 22. Extension part; 23. Docking gasket; 24. Airbag part 2; 25. Bottom gasket; 26. Conical ring seat; 27. Conical guide hole seat; 28. Adjustment plate; 29. ​​Corrugated part; 30. Transmission rod; 31. Positioning sleeve; 32. Forward and reverse screw; 33. Gear; 34. Rotating seat; 35. Arc gear seat; 36. Positioning groove; 37. Electric push rod; 38. Annular groove; 39. Guide seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the invention, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0020] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the present invention provides a frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout prevention device, comprising a housing 2, a plugging seat 4 connected to the top end of the housing 2, a flow regulating seat 5 connected to the bottom end of the housing 2, and a sliding hoisting alignment assembly provided above the housing 2; The flow regulating seat 5 is provided with an extension regulating unit for regulating the flow; The extension adjustment unit includes adjustment plates 28 rotatably mounted at the upper and lower ends of the inner cavity of the flow adjustment seat 5. The ends of the two adjustment plates 28 away from the rotating side are provided with corrugated members 29, and an elastic barrier pad is installed at the rotating end of each adjustment plate 28. The inner side of each adjustment plate 28 is rotatably connected to a transmission rod 30, and the ends of the two transmission rods 30 are rotatably connected to the same positioning sleeve 31, and the positioning sleeve 31 is limited and slides in the flow adjustment seat 5; A flange base 3 is mounted on the bottom surface of the housing 2. A centering unit is provided on the bottom surface of the flange base 3. The centering unit includes a conical ring seat 26. A conical guide hole seat 27 is provided below the flange base 3 and is mounted on the wellhead and used in conjunction with the conical ring seat 26. The sliding hoisting alignment assembly includes two movable hanging rails 1, each of which is slidably provided with a slide 6. Each slide 6 is connected to the lifting ears on both sides of the blocking seat 4 through a corresponding lifting steel rope to complete the vertical lifting of the entire equipment. The lower surface of the slide 6 is provided with an alignment unit for keeping the flange base 3 and the tapered guide hole seat 27 in the same position. The alignment unit is driven up and down by a lifting cylinder. The alignment unit includes an electric push rod 37 mounted on a mounting plate below the side carriage 6 and arranged horizontally. The pushing end of the electric push rod 37 is mounted with an arc-shaped tooth seat 35 that is clamped with the flange pipe on the blocking seat 4. The pushing end of the electric push rod 37 and the arc-shaped tooth seat 35 are set to slide in a limited position. The outer side of the arc-shaped tooth seat 35 is meshed with a driving member, which includes a rotating seat 34. The lower end of the rotating seat 34 is equipped with a gear 33 driven by a forward and reverse motor 1 and meshing with the arc-shaped tooth seat 35; like Figure 6 As shown, the electric push rods 37 on both sides are installed on the mounting plates of the corresponding side slides 6, and the rotating seat 34 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate on one side and driven by the corresponding rotating motor. By changing the angle of the rotating seat 34, the gear 33 is meshed with the arc-shaped gear seat 35.

[0021] Initially, the rotating seat 34 drives the gear 33 to not engage with the arc-shaped tooth seat 35, and the two arc-shaped tooth seats 35 are not connected to the flange pipe on the blocking seat 4; First, the two movable lifting rails 1 in the sliding hoisting alignment assembly slide along the horizontal track, so that the slide 6 drives the entire blowout prevention equipment to adjust its horizontal position to a position above the wellhead; Next, the lifting rope lowers the blowout preventer, causing the flange base 3 to gradually descend under the action of gravity. During the descent, the outer surface of the conical ring seat 26 cooperates with the inner conical surface of the conical guide hole seat 27 installed on the wellhead for guidance. The conical surface transition structure gradually achieves radial and axial adaptive centering and position limiting guidance, so that the flange base 3 of the blowout preventer is accurately positioned at the upper end of the wellhead. Then the lifting rope is released; The two arc-shaped gear seats 35 and the gear 33 are driven by the lifting cylinder to descend to a position consistent with the current flange pipe height, avoiding secondary adjustment; Then, the electric push rods 37 on the slides 6 on both sides push the arc-shaped tooth seats 35 on the corresponding sides toward the flange pipe on the blocking seat 4, so that the two arc-shaped tooth seats 35 are clamped with the flange pipe, and then the rotating seat 34 rotates, so that the gear 33 is meshed with the arc-shaped tooth seat 35. Through the rotation of the gear 33, the two arc-shaped tooth seats 35 drive the flange pipe to rotate together. At this time, the arc-shaped tooth seat 35 and the electric push rod 37 are limited and slid. By changing the angle of the flange pipe, the hole position of the flange base 3 and the tapered guide hole seat 27 in the blowout prevention equipment is kept consistent, so that the blowout prevention equipment can be quickly and accurately aligned during large-scale lifting and installation, reducing the need for manual intervention; A flow sensor is pre-installed in the wellhead to monitor the oil flow data passing through the wellhead in real time. The flow sensor is in communication with a control unit located inside the housing 2. The control unit determines the current discharge condition of the wellhead based on the flow value fed back by the flow sensor and controls the activation state of the extension adjustment unit in the flow adjustment seat 5 in real time. According to the oil flow regulation, when the flow rate is large, the positioning sleeve 31 slides along the center limit of the flow regulating seat 5. At this time, the two transmission rods 30 push the upper and lower adjustment plates 28 to swing upward and downward respectively, and compress the corresponding barrier pads to form a flow limiting state, ensuring the working environment of the flow regulating seat 5. In this state, the corrugated member 29 undergoes controllable extension and deformation along the axial direction, forming a flexible damping structure to mitigate the instantaneous impact of the oil flow; When the real-time oil flow rate at the wellhead is lower than the set threshold (i.e., the flow rate is low), the control unit determines that the oil is currently in a low-load operating state. The transmission rod 30 drives the upper and lower adjustment plates 28 to move inward, thereby reducing the angle between the adjustment plates 28 and correspondingly increasing the flow channel. The channel cross-section is actively widened, and the channel width is intelligently adjusted according to the flow rate, achieving continuous dynamic response and achieving the purpose of adaptive blowout prevention. The non-center seal angle change adjustment is adopted to make the cross section of the flow channel change dynamically, instead of the traditional valve core controlling the fixed aperture. The transmission rod 30 drives the two adjustment plates 28 to move symmetrically, which can achieve smaller granularity opening adjustment.

[0022] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the surface of the arc-shaped tooth seat 35 is penetrated by a positioning groove 36, and a clamping block is provided on the top outer surface of the blocking seat 4 to engage with the positioning groove 36; The outer surface of each arc-shaped tooth seat 35 is provided with an annular groove 38, and the inner limit sliding of the annular groove 38 is provided with a guide seat 39, and the pushing end of each electric push rod 37 is fixed to the surface of the corresponding side guide seat 39; The arc-shaped tooth seat 35 is pushed laterally by the electric push rod 37. At this time, the block is inserted into the positioning groove 36, and the rotating seat 34 starts to work. The forward and reverse motor drives the gear 33 to engage with the arc-shaped tooth seat 35, driving the arc-shaped tooth seat 35 to rotate. During this process, the guide seat 39 is restricted in the annular groove 38 for limited sliding, which suppresses the radial swing of the arc-shaped tooth seat 35 during the rotation process, and significantly improves the accuracy of the flange pipe rotation adjustment and the angle retention ability.

[0023] See Figure 5 As shown, the flow regulating seat 5 is internally installed with a forward and reverse screw 32 driven by a forward and reverse motor 2. The forward and reverse screw 32 is threadedly sleeved with a positioning sleeve 31. The positioning sleeve 31 slides with the inner wall surface of the flow regulating seat 5. When the wellhead flow exceeds the limit, the forward and reverse motor 2 drives the forward and reverse screw 32 in the reverse direction to rotate, pushing the positioning sleeve 31 to press toward the center, driving the adjustment plate 28 to contract and press the corrugated member 29, reducing the passage cross-section, and playing a role in preventing blowout and limiting flow. When the detected flow rate is small, the positioning sleeve 31 is driven forward to reset, releasing the regulating plate 28, increasing the passage width, and restoring the normal discharge flow rate, thereby achieving dynamic regulation of the passage width and completing the regulation of the wellhead oil flow rate.

[0024] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the bottom surface of the flange base 3 is provided with an airbag component 24 near the outer side of the conical ring seat 26. The end of the airbag component 24 is connected to a bottom sealing gasket 25. The surface of the bottom sealing gasket 25 is tightly fitted with the upper surface of the conical guide hole seat 27. When the conical guide hole seat 27 of the flange base 3 is accurately installed, the airbag component 24 expands directionally under the action of the air pump. The expansion direction is perpendicular to the contact surface between the bottom sealing gasket 25 and the conical guide hole seat 27. The bottom sealing gasket 25 is pressed downward under the continuous pushing action of the airbag component 24, so that the bottom sealing gasket 25 and the upper end surface of the conical guide hole seat 27 are tightly fitted, effectively forming an axial sealing interface, and preventing the high-pressure oil or gas in the wellhead from leaking along the installation joint. The bottom of the blocking seat 4 is provided with a concave cavity of an annular structure, in which a docking sealing gasket 23 is fitted, and the interior of the docking sealing gasket 23 is clamped with a docking sealing unit installed on the housing 2; The docking sealing unit includes a sealing ring 20 that is vertically fitted with the inner cavity of the housing 2 and the blocking seat 4. An airbag component 21 is installed on the outside of the sealing ring 20. An extension component 22 is provided on the outside of the airbag component 21 in an extension direction. A snap-fit ​​sealing gasket is provided on the outside of the airbag component 21. The second airbag component 24 and the first airbag component 21 are connected to the air pump through their respective air inlet passages; When the sealing seat 4 and the shell 2 are installed, the inner wall of the sealing ring 20 is flush with the inner wall of the sealing seat 4, and the airbag part 21 receives the compressed gas delivered by the air pump through the connected air inlet channel, and expands directionally in the closed cavity, and its expansion direction expands toward the inner wall of the docking sealing gasket 23. Since the sealing ring 20 adopts a metal ring sheet structure, it has good deformation stability and fitting strength, and will not apply an outward radial expansion force to the sealing ring 20. Under the outward expansion force, the outer wall of the clamping sealing gasket firmly abuts against the inner wall surface of the docking sealing gasket 23, achieving a radial sealing effect with a high degree of fit, and effectively preventing the petroleum medium from leaking at the connection part.

[0025] See Figure 3 As shown, a push-in ring 18 is fixed to one side of the upper end of the sealing ring 20, and a card cavity is provided through the surface of the push-in ring 18; A card cavity is provided above the concave cavity, in which a docking block 17 is provided, which extends to the outside of the blocking seat 4 and is inserted into the card slot. A spring 19 is provided on the outside of the docking block 17. One end of the second spring 19 is fixed to the blocking block near the end of the docking block 17, and the other end of the second spring 19 is fixed to the card cavity. One end of the docking block 17 is provided with a push inclined surface for use with the push insert ring 18, and the other end of the docking block 17 is installed with a dial handle 16; When the sealing ring 20 enters the concave cavity at the bottom of the blocking seat 4, the push-in ring 18 connected to it enters the card cavity and pushes against the docking block 17. The docking block 17 is forced to retreat and move in the radial direction, and drives the second spring 19 sleeved on the outside thereof to undergo compressive elastic deformation. After the push-in ring 18 completely enters the card cavity, the second spring 19 releases its elastic force and pushes the docking block 17 to reset, so that the push-in inclined surface of the docking block 17 is stuck in the card groove of the push-in ring 18, thereby realizing automatic locking and limited fixation of the sealing ring 20; During the release operation, it is only necessary to pull the handle 16 outwards to disengage the push ring 18 from the slot.

[0026] See Figure 2 As shown, the interior of the blocking seat 4 is provided with two groups of blocking units 1 8 and 2 15 that move simultaneously but block at different times; The inner cavity of the blocking seat 4 is provided with an adjustment cavity 9 for sliding of the blocking unit 1 8 and the blocking unit 2 15; When the blocking unit 1 8 is blocked, the blocking unit 2 15 is in the open state; A drive shaft 11 driven by a dual-axis motor is installed on the outside of the blocking seat 4. An eccentric wheel 10 is installed on each drive shaft 11. The two eccentric wheels 10 are arranged 180 degrees apart and are used in conjunction with the blocking unit 1 8 and the blocking unit 2 15. Both the blocking unit 1 8 and the blocking unit 2 15 include a blocking block 7; The outer side of the eccentric wheel 10 is in contact with a reset rod 13, the end of which is fixed with a push block 14 that slides within the adjustment chamber 9, and the outer side of the reset rod 13 is sleeved with a spring 12; The inner side of the push block 14 is fixed to the blocking block 7; During the plugging, the plugging unit 18 is activated, while the plugging unit 2 15 remains in the open state. That is, at this time, the system pushes the blocking block 7 of the plugging unit 18 to the wellhead channel through the coordinated action of the eccentric wheel 10 and the reset rod 13 to perform a sealing plugging operation. During this operation, the two blocking blocks 7 of the plugging unit 18 are in close contact to prevent the oil fluid from passing further and ensure that the channel is closed. Due to the open state of the plugging unit 2 15, the wellhead fluid continues to flow along the channel of the plugging unit 2 15 without being hindered. By alternately activating the plugging unit 18 and the plugging unit 2 15, it adapts to changes in different pressure environments, avoids the instantaneous flow being too large or too small, reduces the system burden, avoids the pressure fluctuation caused by complete plugging, makes the pressure change in the system relatively stable, and does not cause wellhead pressure accumulation due to excessive plugging, thereby avoiding equipment damage.

[0027] When in use, the present invention provides an extension adjustment unit and an alignment unit, and gradually realizes radial and axial adaptive centering and position limiting guidance through a conical transition structure, so that the flange base 3 of the blowout prevention equipment is accurately positioned at the upper end of the wellhead. Subsequently, the two arc-shaped tooth seats 35 and the gear 33 are driven by the lifting cylinder to descend to a position consistent with the current flange pipe height. The two arc-shaped tooth seats 35 are clamped with the flange pipe, and the rotation of the gear 33 causes the two arc-shaped tooth seats 35 to drive the flange pipe to rotate together, so that the hole position of the flange base 3 and the conical guide hole seat 27 in the blowout prevention equipment is consistent, so that the blowout prevention equipment can be quickly and accurately aligned during large-scale lifting and installation. The upper and lower adjustment plates 28 are respectively moved closer to the outside and the inside to dynamically adjust the channel width, thereby realizing efficient flow control, being able to adaptively respond to changes in wellhead flow, and ensuring the stable operation and safety of the blowout prevention equipment under different flow conditions; After the flange base 3 and the tapered guide hole seat 27 are accurately installed, the airbag component 24 expands directionally, prompting the bottom sealing gasket 25 to be pressed downward under the continuous pushing action of the airbag component 24, so that the bottom sealing gasket 25 is tightly fitted with the upper end surface of the tapered guide hole seat 27, effectively forming an axial sealing interface, and preventing the high-pressure oil or gas in the wellhead from leaking along the installation joint; the airbag component 1 21 receives the compressed gas delivered by the air pump through the connected air inlet channel, and expands directionally in the closed cavity, and its expansion direction expands toward the inner wall of the docking sealing gasket 23. Since the sealing ring 20 adopts a metal ring sheet structure, no outward radial expansion force is applied to the sealing ring 20. Under the outward expansion force, the outer wall of the clamping sealing gasket firmly abuts against the inner wall surface of the docking sealing gasket 23, achieving a high-fit radial sealing effect, and preventing the oil medium from leaking at the connection part; By alternately activating the plugging unit 1 8 and the plugging unit 2 15, the system adapts to changes in different pressure environments, avoids situations where the instantaneous flow is too large or too small, reduces the system burden, and avoids pressure fluctuations caused by complete plugging. This makes the pressure changes in the system more stable, and does not cause wellhead pressure accumulation due to excessive plugging, thereby avoiding equipment damage.

[0028] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout prevention device, comprising a housing (2), characterized in that: The top end of the shell (2) is connected to a blocking seat (4), and the bottom end of the shell (2) is connected to a flow regulating seat (5). A sliding lifting alignment component is provided above the shell (2); The flow regulating seat (5) is provided with an extension regulating unit capable of regulating the flow; The extension adjustment unit includes adjustment plates (28) rotatably arranged at the upper and lower ends of the inner cavity of the flow adjustment seat (5), the ends of the two adjustment plates (28) away from the rotating side are provided with corrugated members (29), and an elastic barrier pad is installed at the rotating end of each adjustment plate (28); The inner side of each adjustment plate (28) is rotatably connected to a transmission rod (30), and the ends of the two transmission rods (30) are rotatably connected to the same positioning sleeve (31), and the positioning sleeve (31) is limited and slides in the flow adjustment seat (5); A flange base (3) is installed on the bottom surface of the housing (2), and a centering unit is provided on the bottom surface of the flange base (3), and the centering unit includes a conical ring seat (26). A conical guide hole seat (27) is provided below the flange base (3) and is installed on the wellhead and used in conjunction with the conical ring seat (26); The sliding hoisting alignment assembly comprises two movable hoisting rails (1), each movable hoisting rail (1) is provided with a slide (6) for sliding movement, and each slide (6) is connected to the lifting ears on both sides of the blocking seat (4) via a corresponding lifting steel rope; The lower surface of the slide (6) is provided with an alignment unit for keeping the flange base (3) and the conical guide hole seat (27) in the same position; The alignment unit includes an electric push rod (37) mounted on a mounting plate below the side slide (6) and arranged horizontally, a pushing end of the electric push rod (37) is mounted with an arc-shaped tooth seat (35) that is clamped with a flange pipe on the blocking seat (4), and the pushing end of the electric push rod (37) and the arc-shaped tooth seat (35) are limitedly slidably arranged; The outer side of the arc-shaped tooth seat (35) is meshed with a driving member, which includes a rotating seat (34) rotatably arranged on the mounting plate, and a gear (33) driven by a forward and reverse motor and meshing with the arc-shaped tooth seat (35) is installed at the end of the lower surface of the rotating seat (34).

2. The frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout prevention equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the arc-shaped tooth seat (35) is provided with a positioning groove (36) extending therethrough, and the top outer surface of the blocking seat (4) is provided with a clamping block that is clamped with the positioning groove (36); The outer surface of each arc-shaped tooth seat (35) is provided with an annular groove (38), and the inner limiting sliding of the annular groove (38) is provided with a guide seat (39), and the pushing end of each electric push rod (37) is fixed to the surface of the corresponding side guide seat (39).

3. The frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout prevention equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A forward and reverse lead screw (32) driven by a forward and reverse motor 2 is installed inside the flow regulating seat (5); the forward and reverse lead screw (32) is threadedly sleeved with a positioning sleeve (31); and the positioning sleeve (31) and the inner wall surface of the flow regulating seat (5) are limitedly slidable.

4. The frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout prevention equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the flange base (3) is provided with an airbag component 2 (24) near the outer side of the conical ring seat (26), and the end of the airbag component 2 (24) is connected to a bottom sealing gasket (25), and the surface of the bottom sealing gasket (25) is tightly fitted with the upper surface of the conical guide hole seat (27).

5. The frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout prevention equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the blocking seat (4) is provided with a concave cavity of an annular structure, a butt sealing gasket (23) is fitted in the concave cavity, and a butt sealing unit mounted on the housing (2) is clamped inside the butt sealing gasket (23); The docking sealing unit comprises a sealing ring (20) vertically fitted with the inner cavity of the shell (2) and the blocking seat (4); an airbag component (21) is mounted on the outer side of the sealing ring (20); an extension component (22) is provided in the outer extension direction of the airbag component (21); and a snap-fit ​​sealing pad is provided on the outer side of the airbag component (21); The airbag component 2 (24) and the airbag component 1 (21) are connected to the air pump through their respective air inlet channels.

6. The frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout prevention equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A push-in insert ring (18) is fixed to one side of the upper end of the sealing ring (20), and a clamping cavity is provided through the surface of the push-in insert ring (18); A card cavity is provided above the concave cavity, and a docking block (17) is provided in the card cavity, which extends to the outside of the blocking seat (4) and is inserted into the card slot. The outer sleeve of the docking block (17) is provided with a spring 2 (19); One end of the second spring (19) is fixed to a blocking block near the end of the docking block (17), and the other end of the second spring (19) is fixed to the card cavity. One end of the docking block (17) is provided with a push inclined surface for use with the push insert ring (18), and the other end of the docking block (17) is provided with a dial handle (16).

7. The frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout prevention equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking seat (4) is internally provided with two groups of blocking units 1 (8) and 2 (15) that move simultaneously but block at different times; The inner cavity of the blocking seat (4) is provided with an adjustment cavity (9) for sliding of the blocking unit 1 (8) and the blocking unit 2 (15); When the blocking unit 1 (8) is blocked, the blocking unit 2 (15) is in an open state.

8. The frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout prevention equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A driving shaft (11) driven by a dual-shaft motor is installed on the outer side of the blocking seat (4), and an eccentric wheel (10) is installed on each driving shaft (11). The two eccentric wheels (10) are arranged at an interval of 180 degrees and are used in conjunction with the blocking unit 1 (8) and the blocking unit 2 (15).

9. The frequency-adjustable wellhead blowout prevention equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The blocking unit 1 (8) and the blocking unit 2 (15) both include a blocking block (7); The outer side of the eccentric wheel (10) is in contact with a reset rod (13), the end of the reset rod (13) is fixed with a push block (14) that slides within the adjustment chamber (9), and the outer side of the reset rod (13) is sleeved with a spring (12); The inner side of the push block (14) is fixed to the blocking block (7).

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