Method for improving ore removal efficiency of first mining layer of downward layering horizontal drift mining

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous mine mining, in particular to a method for improving ore removal efficiency of a first mining layer of downward layered horizontal drift mining, and aims to solve the problems that when the first mining layer of downward layered horizontal drift mining is used for mining at present, time and labor are wasted during ore transfer, and temporary ore stacking points are complicated to set; the environment management of the mining site and the overall mining and ore removal efficiency are influenced. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, determining positions of each layer connection gateway and a corresponding short draw shaft, then tunneling an uphill first layer connection gateway into an ore body, simultaneously tunneling a layered gateway, finally tunneling a draw shaft connection gateway to the short draw shaft, and then tunneling a downhill sixth layer connection gateway to the bottom of the short draw shaft. The vibrating ore drawing machine is mounted at the bottom of the short winze for tunneling the first to sixth layers, so that quick and convenient ore extraction and transfer are realized, ore transfer links are reduced, the ore extraction time of the stope is shortened, the ore extraction efficiency of the stope is greatly improved, meanwhile, temporary ore stacking points of the stope are canceled, and the production cost is reduced. And the problems of poor mining site environment and unscientific management are effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous mining, and in particular to a method for improving the ore extraction efficiency of the first mining layer in downward layered horizontal approach mining. Background Art

[0002] The downward layered horizontal approach filling mining method is a mature mining method. It is used to mine thick, unstable and broken ore bodies. The ore body is vertically divided into sections, and the sections are vertically divided into multiple horizontal layers. Mining is carried out from top to bottom, and mining preparation projects are arranged in the surrounding rock of the upper or lower wall of the ore body. The main mining preparation projects include mining ramps, section roads, layered connecting roads and chutes. Mining is carried out in the stope in the form of approaches, and backward sequential mining is adopted. Each panel area is arranged with an off-vein chute outside the ore body and section road. The chute is connected to the stope through the chute connecting road. Mining is carried out from top to bottom in the section, and the first layer, i.e. the first mining layer, is mined first. Rock drilling rigs are used for drilling. Scrapers are used to ore out of the stope. The scrapers shovel the ore from the stope approach through the layered connecting road, section road and chute connecting road to the off-vein chute of the panel area for unloading. At the bottom of the chute, a vibrating ore-dumper is used to load the ore into a mine car and transport it to the middle chute or crushing station. When mining of the first mining layer begins, the mine is in the early stage of mining, and the development system and mining and preparation system are often not fully built, which brings a lot of inconvenience to the normal mining of the mine. Moreover, since the chute is a vertical project, the chute excavation can only be carried out after the upper and lower projects are completed. Therefore, the formation of the chute often lags behind other mining and preparation projects. If the off-vein chute of a disk area is not built, the normal mining of the mine will be affected and it will be very difficult. The ore in the mine needs to be shoveled to the temporary ore pile point of the mine, and then the ore is loaded onto the ore truck by the shovel loader, and the ore is pulled to the crushing station, which makes the ore transportation distance long, the ore transfer links many, and the ore transfer equipment working time long, which increases the mining time of the mine, resulting in low mining efficiency of the mine. At the same time, due to the small space of the mine, it is very difficult to arrange the temporary ore pile point of the mine. The setting of the temporary ore pile point of the mine brings a lot of inconvenience to the mine production, and the poor on-site environment makes the on-site management of mining and excavation very difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a method for improving the ore extraction efficiency of the first mining layer in downward layered horizontal approach mining, so as to solve the problems existing in the above background.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for improving the ore extraction efficiency of the first mining layer in downward layered horizontal approach mining comprises the following steps: Step 1: Determine the positions of the first layer connecting channel, the sixth layer connecting channel, the second layer connecting channel, the fourth layer connecting channel, the third layer connecting channel and the fifth layer connecting channel and their corresponding short chutes, which are located at the boundary between the upper and lower walls of the ore body.

[0005] Step 2: First, excavate the first layered connecting road uphill to enter the ore body, then excavate the layered road, and the layered roads are all located at the boundary of the upper and lower ore bodies to facilitate the excavation of the chute connecting road, and finally excavate the chute connecting road until the position of the short chute.

[0006] Step 3: Dig the sixth layered connecting road downhill to the bottom of the short chute.

[0007] Step 4: Finally, excavate the short chutes corresponding to the first layer connecting road, the sixth layer connecting road, the second layer connecting road, the fourth layer connecting road, the third layer connecting road and the fifth layer connecting road, and install the ore-dropping machine at the bottom of the short chutes. The short chutes are supported by sprayed anchor nets and double-reinforced concrete plus steel plates.

[0008] Step 5: The ore mined from the first layer access is poured into a short chute for storage by a scraper. The ore truck then reaches the bottom of the short chute through the sixth layer connecting road downhill in step 3 and is loaded with ore by the vibrating ore drawer.

[0009] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for improving the ore extraction efficiency of the first mining layer in downward layered horizontal approach mining. First, the positions of each layer connecting road and the corresponding short chute are determined, and then the uphill first layer connecting road is excavated to enter the ore body, and the layer road is excavated at the same time. Finally, the chute connecting road is excavated to the short chute, and then the downhill sixth layer connecting road is excavated to the bottom of the short chute, and a ore discharger is installed at the bottom of the first to sixth layer short chutes. This realizes fast and convenient mining and transportation of ore, reduces the ore transportation links, shortens the ore extraction time of the mine, greatly improves the ore extraction efficiency of the mine, and cancels the temporary ore heap point of the mine, effectively avoiding the problems of poor mining site environment and unscientific management, and solves the current problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive ore transfer and complicated temporary ore heap point setting in the first mining layer of downward layered horizontal approach mining, which affects the mining site environment management and the overall mining ore extraction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is the overall plan layout structure diagram of the mine of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA in the middle.

[0012] The meanings of the reference numerals are as follows: 1. Segmented road; 2. Layered connecting road; 3. First layered connecting road; 4. Sixth layered connecting road; 5. Second layered connecting road; 6. Fourth layered connecting road; 7. Third layered connecting road; 8. Fifth layered connecting road; 9. Short chute; 10. Approach road; 11. Layered road; 12. Chute connecting road; 13. Ore body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] A method for improving the ore extraction efficiency of the first mining layer in downward layered horizontal approach mining comprises the following steps: Step 1: Determine the positions of the first layer contact channel 3, the sixth layer contact channel 4, the second layer contact channel 5, the fourth layer contact channel 6, the third layer contact channel 7 and the fifth layer contact channel 8 and the corresponding short chute 9, which is located at the boundary between the upper and lower walls of the ore body 13.

[0015] Step 2: First, excavate the first layered connecting road 3 uphill to enter the ore body 13, then excavate the layered road 11, and the layered road 11 is located at the boundary of the upper and lower ore bodies 13, and finally excavate the chute connecting road 12 to the position of the short chute 9.

[0016] Step 3: excavate the sixth layered connecting road 4 downhill to the bottom position of the short chute 9.

[0017] Step 4: Finally, excavate the short chutes 9 corresponding to the first layer connecting road 3, the sixth layer connecting road 4, the second layer connecting road 5, the fourth layer connecting road 6, the third layer connecting road 7 and the fifth layer connecting road 8, and install ore-drawing machines at the bottom of the short chutes 9.

[0018] Step 5: The ore mined from the first layered access 10 is poured into the short chute 9 for storage by a scraper. The ore truck then reaches the bottom of the short chute 9 through the sixth layered connecting road 4 downhill in step 3 and is loaded with ore by the ore drawer.

[0019] During the specific implementation, the ore body mined in a certain mine is a thick and large ore body with a middle section height of 150m and a section height of 24m. One section is divided into 6 mining layers with a layer height of 4m. The mining is carried out from top to bottom and the panel area is divided along the direction of the ore body. The panel area is 100m long. The mining project is arranged in the surrounding rock of the upper plate of the ore body. The main mining projects include mining ramps, section roads 1, layer connecting roads 2 and middle section chute. After these mining projects are completed, the panel area will carry out the first layer mining. Because it is very difficult to mine when the middle section chute is not built, the ore from the working face of the first layer approach 10 is shoveled to the panel area entrance for storage, which brings a lot of trouble to the panel area management. After improvement, the sixth layer connecting road 4 is excavated in advance, and a short chute 9 is excavated between the first layer connecting road 3 and the sixth layer connecting road 4. The first layer connecting road 3 and the second layer connecting road 4 of the panel area are preset. The positions of the network channel 5, the third layer connecting channel 7, the fourth layer connecting channel 6, the fifth layer connecting channel 8 and the sixth layer connecting channel 4 are all determined. The determination of these layer connecting channels 2 is to ensure smooth layer transition in the future, so as not to cause imbalance in layer transition in the disk area and cause shutdown of the disk area. At the same time, the position of the short chute 9 from the first layer connecting channel 3 to the sixth layer connecting channel 4 is preset. The position of the short chute 9 is located near the boundary of the upper plate ore body 13 of the ore body 13, so that the short chute 9 can serve the mining of the entire first mining layer. The cross-section of the short chute 9 is circular, with a tunneling diameter of 5.8m, a net diameter of 5m, and a length of 16m. The first layer connecting channel 3 is uphill. After the first layer connecting channel 3 enters the ore body 13, the layering channel 11 is excavated at the boundary of the upper plate ore body 13. After the excavation of the layering channel 11 is completed, the chute connecting channel 12 is excavated until the position of the short chute 9. The sixth layered connecting road 4 is downhill. After the excavation of the sixth layered connecting road 4 is completed, the short chute 9 from the first layered connecting road 3 to the sixth layered connecting road 4 will be excavated according to the designed position of the short chute 9. The short chute 9 is supported by sprayed anchor mesh + double reinforced concrete + steel plate support. The steel plate thickness is 20mm, the sprayed concrete thickness is 100mm, the reinforced concrete main reinforcement is φ18 threaded steel with a spacing of 250mm, the secondary reinforcement is φ12 threaded steel with a spacing of 300mm, the poured concrete thickness is 300mm, and the concrete strength grade is C30. A bottom structure is set at the bottom of the short chute 9, and a vibrating ore discharger is installed. The ore mined from the access road 10 of the first layered connecting road 3 is poured into the short chute 9 by a scraper and stored in the short chute 9. The ore in the access road 10 can be continuously unloaded by a scraper until all the ore on the working face is unloaded, and then the next step of mining can be carried out. Finally, ore trucks reach the bottom of short chute 9 via the sixth layer contact road 4, where the ore is loaded by a vibrating ore drawer and then transported to the intermediate chute or crushing station. Short chute 9 continues to be used during mining operations in the third layer contact roads 7, the fourth layer contact roads 6, and the fifth layer contact roads 8. Its use significantly shortens the time it takes to mine from access road 10, improving both ore removal efficiency and overall mining efficiency. Furthermore, it significantly improves the industrial hygiene environment in the panel area.

Claims

1. A method for improving the ore extraction efficiency of the first mining layer in downward layered horizontal approach mining, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1, determining the positions of the first layer contact channel (3), the sixth layer contact channel (4), the second layer contact channel (5), the fourth layer contact channel (6), the third layer contact channel (7), and the fifth layer contact channel (8) and the corresponding short chute (9), wherein the short chute (9) is located at the boundary between the upper and lower walls of the ore body (13); Step 2: First, excavate the first layered connecting road (3) uphill to enter the ore body (13), then excavate the layered road (11), and the layered road (11) is located at the boundary of the upper and lower ore bodies (13), and finally excavate the chute connecting road (12) to the position of the short chute (9); Step 3: excavate the sixth layered connecting road (4) downhill to the bottom of the short chute (9); Step 4: Finally, excavate the short chutes (9) corresponding to the first layer contact road (3), the sixth layer contact road (4), the second layer contact road (5), the fourth layer contact road (6), the third layer contact road (7) and the fifth layer contact road (8), and install a vibrating ore drawer at the bottom of the short chutes (9); In step 5, the ore mined from the first layered access road (10) is poured into the short chute (9) for storage by a scraper, and the ore truck then passes through the sixth layered connecting road (4) downhill in step 3 to reach the bottom of the short chute (9), and the ore is loaded by the vibrating ore drawer.

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