Onboard calibration device and onboard calibration equipment of remote sensor

Abstract

This application relates to the field of remote sensor technology, and in particular to on-board calibration devices and on-board calibration equipment for remote sensors. In the embodiments of this application, by setting up a spectral calibration lamp unit and a radiometric calibration lamp unit that cooperate with an integrating sphere, a spectral calibration source and a radiometric calibration source can be provided for an on-orbit remote sensor. Configuring the first light source of the spectral calibration lamp unit to include a line spectrum lamp not only provides more characteristic emission peak energy spectra, meeting spectral calibration requirements and improving calibration accuracy, but also helps to reduce the volume occupied by the spectral calibration lamp unit. By constructing the inner cavity of the integrating sphere as approximately spherical and the outer surface as cuboid, it is not only convenient to install the spectral calibration lamp unit and the radiometric calibration lamp unit using the walls of the integrating sphere, but also convenient to install the integrating sphere on the remote sensor, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the on-board calibration device. Thus, the versatility of the on-board calibration device can be improved while reducing its size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of remote sensor technology, and in particular to on-board calibration devices and on-board calibration equipment for remote sensors. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of remote sensing technology, calibration requirements have become increasingly diverse and demanding. After launch, remote sensors primarily rely on on-board calibration devices or typical ground targets for in-orbit calibration. On-board calibration, avoiding atmospheric influences, offers advantages such as high efficiency and high precision, making it the primary method for remote sensor calibration. However, due to the different operating modes and calibration requirements of space-based remote sensors, on-board calibration devices vary considerably. Furthermore, as space-based devices are constrained by factors such as power consumption, size, and weight, making it difficult for various on-board calibration devices to be universally compatible. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an on-board calibration device and a remote sensor on-board calibration equipment to improve the versatility of the on-board calibration device while reducing its size.

[0004] According to one aspect of this application, an embodiment provides an on-board calibration device, including an integrating sphere, a spectral calibration lamp unit, a radiation calibration lamp unit, and a controller. The integrating sphere has an inner cavity and light-emitting ports, a first mating hole, and a second mating hole, all connected to the inner cavity. The cavity wall is located on the spherical surface and is capable of diffuse reflection. The outer surface of the integrating sphere is cuboid. The spectral calibration lamp unit includes a first light source. The first light source mates with the first mating hole so that the light generated by the first light source can be diffusely reflected on the cavity wall of the inner cavity. The first light source includes a line spectrum lamp. The radiation calibration lamp unit includes a second light source. The second light source mates with the second mating hole so that the light generated by the second light source can be diffusely reflected on the cavity wall of the inner cavity. The controller is electrically connected to both the spectral calibration lamp unit and the radiation calibration lamp unit, and the controller is used to control the lighting and shut-off of the spectral calibration lamp unit and the radiation calibration lamp unit.

[0005] In one embodiment, the integrating sphere is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and is manufactured using a firing process. The density of the integrating sphere is 1.35 g / cm³. 3 Up to 1.7 g / cm 3 .

[0006] In one embodiment, the integrating sphere includes a first hemispherical shell and a second hemispherical shell adapted to the first hemispherical shell, the first and second hemispherical shells being connected to define an inner cavity. At the connection between the first and second hemispherical shells, the first hemispherical shell has a first stepped portion, and the second hemispherical shell has a second stepped portion, the first and second stepped portions being adapted to each other; and / or, a light outlet and a first mating hole are located on the first hemispherical shell, and the second mating hole is jointly defined by the first and second hemispherical shells.

[0007] In one embodiment, the line spectrum lamp includes a mercury argon lamp or a mercury xenon lamp, the mercury argon lamp being configured to have 29 emission peaks between 250 nm and 1000 nm; and / or, a first mating hole is formed in the integrating sphere along a first direction, and the first mating hole and the cavity wall of the inner cavity define an opening communicating with the inner cavity, the first direction being parallel to the tangential direction of the sphere where the cavity wall of the inner cavity is located, the line spectrum lamp being configured as a strip lamp, the line spectrum lamp being inserted into the first mating hole along the first direction, and a portion of the line spectrum lamp being exposed through the opening; and / or, the radiation calibration lamp unit further includes a filter corresponding to the second light source, the filter being disposed in the second mating hole and located on the light emission path of the second light source; and / or, the second light source includes a halogen tungsten lamp.

[0008] In one embodiment, there are two spectral calibration lamp units, and the on-board calibration device has a first operating state in which one spectral calibration lamp unit is lit and the other spectral calibration lamp unit is turned off; and / or, there are two radiation calibration lamp units, and the on-board calibration device has a second operating state in which one radiation calibration lamp unit is lit and the other radiation calibration lamp unit is turned off.

[0009] In one embodiment, there are two spectral calibration lamp units, which are arranged symmetrically about the center of the light outlet; and / or, there are two radiation calibration lamp units, which are arranged symmetrically about the center of the light outlet.

[0010] In one embodiment, the on-board calibration device further includes a housing for connection to a remote sensor. The housing includes a first wall, second walls disposed on opposite sides of the first wall along a second direction, and third walls disposed on opposite sides of the first wall along a third direction. Each second wall connects to two third walls to define a receiving cavity for accommodating an integrating sphere and an opening communicating with the receiving cavity. The opening is disposed opposite to the first wall along a fourth direction, and the first wall has an opening opposite to the light-emitting port. The second and third walls form a sidewall portion. The sidewall portion has a first mounting hole exposing a first mating hole and a second mounting hole exposing a second mating hole. The second, third, and fourth directions are perpendicular to each other.

[0011] In one embodiment, the radiation calibration lamp unit further includes a lamp holder, with a second light source disposed on the side of the lamp holder near the light outlet. The on-board calibration device also includes a housing, which covers the second mounting hole and, together with the sidewall and integrating sphere, defines a receiving cavity for accommodating the radiation calibration lamp unit.

[0012] In one embodiment, the radiation calibration lamp unit further includes a package and an electrode insulated from the lamp holder. The lamp holder has a mounting groove on the side near the opening, the electrode is disposed within the mounting groove and extends out of the housing, and is electrically connected to the second light source. The package is encapsulated at the opening of the mounting groove. The package is made of ceramic; and / or, the electrode and the mounting groove are in clearance fit; and / or, the radiation calibration lamp unit further includes an insulating sleeve fitted over the electrode; and / or, the radiation calibration lamp unit further includes a mounting base disposed within the mounting groove, the electrode is disposed within the mounting base, the mounting base is made of ceramic, and the lamp holder is made of aluminum alloy.

[0013] According to another aspect of this application, embodiments of this application provide an on-board calibration device for a remote sensor, including the on-board calibration apparatus in any of the above embodiments.

[0014] In the aforementioned on-board calibration device and remote sensor on-board calibration equipment, by setting up spectral calibration lamp units and radiometric calibration lamp units that cooperate with the integrating sphere, and controlling the lighting and closing of the spectral calibration lamp units and radiometric calibration lamp units through a controller, the on-board calibration device can have states where the spectral calibration lamp units are lit and the radiometric calibration lamp units are closed, and vice versa. This provides spectral and radiometric calibration sources for on-orbit remote sensors, making the on-board calibration device more versatile. Since the spectrum of LED lamps is dominated by a single narrow peak or a broad, continuous peak and has high light intensity, relevant attenuation structures are needed for light attenuation. Linear lamps, on the other hand, have multiple characteristic peaks and low light intensity. Therefore, compared to using LED lamps as the primary light source of the spectral calibration lamp unit, configuring the first light source of the spectral calibration lamp unit to include linear lamps not only provides more characteristic emission peak energy spectra for the on-board survey telescope, meeting spectral calibration requirements and improving calibration accuracy, but also helps to reduce the volume occupied by the spectral calibration lamp unit. By constructing the inner cavity of the integrating sphere as approximately spherical and the outer surface as cuboid, it is not only convenient to install the spectral calibration lamp unit and the radiometric calibration lamp unit using the walls of the integrating sphere, but also convenient to install the integrating sphere on the remote sensor, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the on-board calibration device. Therefore, the on-board calibration device and remote sensor on-board calibration equipment provided in this application embodiment can improve the versatility of the on-board calibration device while reducing its size. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the on-board calibration device in some embodiments of this application.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a top view of the on-board calibration device in some embodiments of this application.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the integrating sphere in some embodiments of this application.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a top view of the integrating sphere in some embodiments of this application.

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of EE in the mid-section view direction.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the on-board calibration device in some embodiments of this application in one cross-sectional direction.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first hemispherical shell in some embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second hemispherical shell in some embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the on-board calibration device in some embodiments of this application, with some structures removed.

[0024] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the shell with the second hemisphere removed.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the spectral calibration lamp unit in some embodiments of this application.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the on-board calibration device in some embodiments of this application, viewed from another cross-sectional direction.

[0027] Figure 13 for Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the first hemispherical shell removed.

[0028] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the on-board calibration device in some embodiments of this application from another cross-sectional direction.

[0029] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the outer shell in some embodiments of this application.

[0030] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the on-board calibration device in some embodiments of this application without the cover.

[0031] Figure 17 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a radiation calibration lamp unit in some embodiments of this application.

[0032] Figure 18 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the radiation calibration lamp unit in some embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of another part of the structure of the radiation calibration lamp unit in some embodiments of this application.

[0034] Figure 20 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the radiation calibration lamp unit in some embodiments of this application.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] On-board calibration device 100;

[0037] Integrating sphere 110, inner cavity Q1, light outlet k1, first mating hole p1, second mating hole p2, opening k2, first hemispherical shell 111, first stepped portion 1111, second hemispherical shell 112, second stepped portion 1121, recess 1101;

[0038] Spectral calibration lamp unit 120, first light source 121, line spectrum lamp 1211, mounting component 122;

[0039] Radiation calibration lamp unit 130, second light source 131, filter 132, lamp holder 133, package 134, electrode 135, insulating sleeve 136, mounting base 137, mounting structure 138, pressure ring 139, fastener 1301, electrode sheet 1302, notch h;

[0040] The outer shell 140, the first wall 141, the opening k4, the second wall 142, the third wall 143, the receiving cavity Q2, the opening k3, the first mounting hole a1, the second mounting hole a2, the receiving cavity Q3, the mounting part 144, and the light-shielding enclosure structure 145.

[0041] Casing 150;

[0042] Power supply cable 160;

[0043] First direction F1, second direction F2, third direction F3, fourth direction F4, section view direction EE. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0046] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0049] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0050] According to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 This application provides an on-board calibration device 100, including an integrating sphere 110, a spectral calibration lamp unit 120, a radiation calibration lamp unit 130, and a controller (not shown). Among them, in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The radiation calibration lamp unit 130 is not shown in the illustrated viewpoint and structure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The location of the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 is indicated by a dashed line.

[0051] Combined with reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is a top view of the integrating sphere 110 in some embodiments of this application. Figure 5 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the EE direction shows that the integrating sphere 110 has an inner cavity Q1 and light outlets k1, a first mating hole p1, and a second mating hole p2 that are all connected to the inner cavity Q1. The cavity wall of the inner cavity Q1 is located on the spherical surface and can perform diffuse reflection. The outer surface of the integrating sphere 110 is set in a cuboid shape.

[0052] The integrating sphere 110, acting as a homogenizer, provides a more uniform Lambertian surface source for the remote sensor at the light exit port k1. For example, observations can be performed above the integrating sphere 110, with the observation direction directly facing the light exit port k1. The cavity wall of the inner cavity Q1 is located on a spherical surface, meaning the inner cavity Q1 is approximately spherical. The cavity wall of the inner cavity Q1 is capable of diffuse reflection; this can be achieved by having a diffuse reflection coating on the cavity wall, or by the material of the integrating sphere 110 itself enabling diffuse reflection of the cavity wall of the inner cavity Q1. No specific limitations are imposed here. The cavity wall of the inner cavity Q1 can collect, homogenize, and integrate light energy for measurement. The outer surface of the integrating sphere 110 is cuboid, meaning it has six surfaces, allowing it to be approximately cuboid in shape. This not only allows the integrating sphere 110 to have a certain wall thickness, which is beneficial for setting the first mating hole p1 and the second mating hole p2, thus facilitating the installation of the spectral calibration lamp unit 120 and the radiation calibration lamp unit 130, but also facilitates the installation of the integrating sphere 110 on the remote sensor. Therefore, it is beneficial for miniaturizing the on-board calibration device 100.

[0053] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 and in conjunction with reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the on-board calibration device 100 in some embodiments of this application, showing a spectral calibration lamp unit 120 including a first light source 121. The first light source 121 mates with a first mating hole p1 so that the light generated by the first light source 121 can be diffusely reflected on the cavity wall of the inner cavity Q1. The first light source 121 includes a line spectrum lamp 1211.

[0054] The spectral calibration lamp unit 120 is a component used to provide a spectral calibration light source for the on-board calibration device 100. A line spectrum lamp 1211 is a light source characterized by discrete line spectral lines, with its spectral energy concentrated at specific wavelengths, forming sharp spectral lines rather than continuously distributed spectral bands. The light emission mechanism of this type of light source is usually related to the transitions between specific energy levels of atoms or molecules; therefore, the spectral line wavelengths are highly deterministic and can serve as a reference for spectral measurements and wavelength calibration. During on-board calibration, since calibration of light against a dark background is required, if LED lamps are used as the light source, the high intensity and single narrow or broad continuous peaks of the LED spectrum necessitate attenuation components. This not only increases the overall size of the device but also, due to the attenuation of the attenuation components themselves over long-term use, further affects the overall reliability and calibration accuracy. In this application, since the line spectrum lamp 1211 has multiple characteristic peaks and low intensity, the attenuation components are not required as when using LED lamps as the light source, thus improving the aforementioned problems. Furthermore, if LED lights are used to broaden the spectrum of the spectral calibration lamp unit 120, LED light groups need to be set up, making the circuit control structure more complex and inevitably increasing the overall size. However, using the line spectrum lamp 1211 as the first light source 121 simplifies the overall structure and further facilitates the miniaturization of the on-board calibration device 100.

[0055] Continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 The radiation calibration lamp unit 130 includes a second light source 131. The second light source 131 cooperates with a second mating hole p2 so that the light generated by the second light source 131 can be diffusely reflected on the cavity wall of the inner cavity Q1.

[0056] The radiation calibration lamp unit 130 is a component used to provide a radiation calibration light source for the on-board calibration device 100. The second light source 131 can be a halogen tungsten lamp, etc., and there are no specific limitations here.

[0057] The controller is electrically connected to both the spectral calibration lamp unit 120 and the radiation calibration lamp unit 130, and is used to control the lighting and shutting down of these units. This allows the on-board calibration device 100 to switch between spectral calibration and radiation calibration states. In spectral calibration state, the spectral calibration lamp unit 120 is lit, and the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 is off. In radiation calibration state, the spectral calibration lamp unit 120 is off, and the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 is lit.

[0058] By setting up a spectral calibration lamp unit 120 and a radiation calibration lamp unit 130 that cooperate with the integrating sphere 110, and controlling the lighting and closing of the spectral calibration lamp unit 120 and the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 through a controller, the on-board calibration device 100 can have states where the spectral calibration lamp unit 120 is lit and the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 is closed, and states where the spectral calibration lamp unit 120 is closed and the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 is lit. This can provide spectral calibration sources and radiation calibration sources for on-orbit remote sensors, making the on-board calibration device 100 more versatile. Since the spectrum of LED lights is dominated by a single narrow peak or a wide, continuous peak and has high light intensity, relevant attenuation structures are required for light attenuation. In contrast, the line spectrum lamp 1211 has multiple characteristic peaks and low light intensity. Therefore, compared to using LED lights as the first light source 121 of the spectral calibration lamp unit 120, configuring the first light source 121 of the spectral calibration lamp unit 120 to include the line spectrum lamp 1211 not only provides more characteristic emission peak energy spectra for the onboard survey telescope, meeting spectral calibration requirements and improving calibration accuracy, but also helps reduce the volume occupied by the spectral calibration lamp unit 120. By constructing the inner cavity Q1 of the integrating sphere 110 as approximately spherical and the outer surface as cuboid, it is not only convenient to install the spectral calibration lamp unit 120 and the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 using the walls of the integrating sphere 110, but also convenient to install the integrating sphere 110 on the remote sensor, thus contributing to the miniaturization of the onboard calibration device 100. Therefore, the on-board calibration device 100 and remote sensor on-board calibration equipment provided in this application embodiment can improve the versatility of the on-board calibration device 100 while reducing its size.

[0059] It is understandable that if the on-board calibration device 100 needs to have multiple calibration functions, the number of components and the size of the on-board calibration device 100 will usually increase, making it difficult to improve the versatility of the on-board calibration device 100 while reducing its size. However, in this embodiment, by using a line spectrum lamp 1211 as the first light source 121 of the spectral calibration lamp unit 120, and in conjunction with the structure of the integrating sphere 110, it is not only beneficial to miniaturize the on-board calibration device 100, but also to install the spectral calibration lamp unit 120 and the radiation calibration lamp unit 130, and to improve the reliability and stability of the overall structure.

[0060] Based on some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figures 3 to 5 The integrating sphere 110 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and is manufactured using a firing process. The density of the integrating sphere 110 is 1.35 g / cm³. 3 Up to 1.7 g / cm 3 .

[0061] For example, polytetrafluoroethylene powder with a particle size of 100 to 160 micrometers can be used, and a density of 1.35 g / cm³ can be obtained by a firing process at a firing temperature of 240°C to 280°C. 3 Up to 1.7 g / cm 3 The integrating sphere 110 has a density of 1.35 g / cm³. 3 1.37g / cm 3 1.39 g / cm 3 1.4g / cm 3 1.45g / cm 3 1.5g / cm 3 1.55g / cm 3 1.60g / cm 3 1.65g / cm 3 Or 1.7g / cm 3 The density of the integrating sphere 110 can be 1.35 g / cm³. 3 Up to 1.7 g / cm 3 Any value within the range, without specific restrictions.

[0062] Thus, by keeping the density of the integrating sphere 110 within a relatively small range and using a firing process, the cavity wall of the inner cavity Q1 of the integrating sphere 110 forms a more uniform reflective surface. At this point, the integrating sphere 110 can be roughly considered as being composed of several microparticles, and light can be reflected back and forth at the gaps between the particles on the cavity wall surface. This not only improves the spectral reflectivity of the integrating sphere 110 but also gives it superior Lambertian properties (i.e., optical diffuse reflection characteristics). Furthermore, the firing process for manufacturing the integrating sphere 110 also facilitates the formation of a structure where the inner cavity Q1 is approximately spherical and the outer surface is approximately cubic.

[0063] It is understood that the integrating sphere 110 is typically configured as a metal sphere, and a diffuse reflection coating is sprayed onto the inner wall of the metal sphere to form a reflective surface. The structure of the diffuse reflection coating is more compact. In conjunction with the foregoing, compared to the diffuse reflection coating, the reflective surface formed by using a firing process to fabricate the integrating sphere 110 in this embodiment of the application has superior diffuse reflection performance and reflectivity. At the same time, the firing process for fabricating the integrating sphere 110 also facilitates the formation of the shape of the integrating sphere 110 shown in this embodiment of the application. Compared to the aforementioned shape of a metal sphere, this not only facilitates the mounting of related components in the spectral calibration lamp unit 120 and the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 on the integrating sphere 110, as well as the mounting of the integrating sphere 110 on the remote sensor, but also helps to improve the reliability and stability of the overall structure.

[0064] Based on some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figures 3 to 6and in conjunction with reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first hemispherical shell 111 in some embodiments of this application. Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second hemispherical shell 112 in some embodiments of this application. The integrating sphere 110 includes a first hemispherical shell 111 and a second hemispherical shell 112 adapted to the first hemispherical shell 111. The first hemispherical shell 111 and the second hemispherical shell 112 are connected to define an inner cavity Q1. At the connection between the first hemispherical shell 111 and the second hemispherical shell 112, the first hemispherical shell 111 has a first stepped portion 1111, and the second hemispherical shell 112 has a second stepped portion 1121, which are adapted to each other; and / or, the light outlet k1 and the first mating hole p1 are located on the first hemispherical shell 111, and the second mating hole p2 is jointly defined by the first hemispherical shell 111 and the second hemispherical shell 112.

[0065] For example, the first hemispherical shell 111 and the second hemispherical shell 112 can be manufactured by a firing process, as illustrated in some of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here. The inner wall of the first hemispherical shell 111 is approximately hemispherical, and the inner wall of the second hemispherical shell 112 is also approximately hemispherical. After the first hemispherical shell 111 and the second hemispherical shell 112 are assembled, the inner walls of the first hemispherical shell 111 and the second hemispherical shell 112 together constitute the cavity wall of the inner cavity Q1 of the integrating sphere 110. The second mating hole p2 is defined by the first hemispherical shell 111 and the second hemispherical shell 112, that is, a part of the second mating hole p2 is located in the first hemispherical shell 111, and the other part is located in the second hemispherical shell 112.

[0066] By configuring the integrating sphere 110 to include a first hemispherical shell 111 and a second hemispherical shell 112, it is not only easier to manufacture, but also easier to install the relevant components of the on-board calibration device 100 on the integrating sphere 110. The first step portion 1111 and the second step portion 1121 facilitate the positioning and installation of the first hemispherical shell 111 and the second hemispherical shell 112. By placing the light outlet k1 and the first mating hole p1 on the first hemispherical shell 111, the second mating hole p2 is jointly defined by the first hemispherical shell 111 and the second hemispherical shell 112, thereby making the inner wall of the second hemispherical shell 112 more complete. Since the remote sensor observes the inner wall of the second hemispherical shell 112 directly opposite the light outlet k1, it helps to improve the uniformity of the remote sensor's observation area.

[0067] Based on some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 6The line lamp 1211 includes a mercury argon lamp or a mercury xenon lamp, wherein the mercury argon lamp is configured to have 29 emission peaks between 250 nm and 1000 nm.

[0068] For example, the mercury argon lamp can be a U-shaped 4*53-PLUG type ozone-free mercury argon lamp.

[0069] Thus, by configuring the line lamp 1211 to include a mercury-argon lamp or a mercury-xenon lamp, characteristic emission peak energy spectra can be provided for on-board survey telescopes, improving calibration accuracy and meeting spectral calibration requirements.

[0070] Based on some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 3 , Figures 5 to 8 and in conjunction with reference Figures 9 to 11 , Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the on-board calibration device 100 in some embodiments of this application, with some structures removed. Figure 10 for Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the structure with the second hemispherical shell 112 removed. Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the spectral calibration lamp unit 120 in some embodiments of this application. The first mating hole p1 is opened in the integrating sphere 110 along the first direction F1, and the first mating hole p1 and the cavity wall of the inner cavity Q1 define an opening k2 that communicates with the inner cavity Q1. The first direction F1 and the tangent of the cavity wall of the inner cavity Q1 are parallel to each other. The line spectrum lamp 1211 is configured as a bar lamp. The line spectrum lamp 1211 is inserted into the first mating hole p1 along the first direction F1, and part of the line spectrum lamp 1211 is exposed through the opening k2.

[0071] Combined with reference Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the on-board calibration device 100 in some embodiments of this application, taken in another cross-sectional direction. It can be seen that the line spectrum lamp 1211 is approximately aligned with the cavity wall of the integrating sphere 110's inner cavity Q1, and is generally positioned in the tangential direction. It is understood that, by way of example, in conjunction with reference to... Figures 3 to 8 The first mating hole p1 did not penetrate the integrating sphere 110 along the first direction F1.

[0072] In this way, the first mating hole p1 and the inner cavity Q1 of the integrating sphere 110 can form a natural irregular hole, which can not only collect the light of the line spectrum lamp 1211 to the maximum extent, but also minimize the opening k2 of the first hemispherical shell 111, that is, reduce the opening k2 ratio of the integrating sphere 110, thereby helping to improve the radiation brightness of the integrating sphere 110.

[0073] According to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 13 and Figure 14 , Figure 13 for Figure 9A three-dimensional structural diagram of the first hemispherical shell 111 removed. Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the on-board calibration device 100 in some embodiments of this application from another cross-sectional direction. The radiation calibration lamp unit 130 also includes a filter 132 corresponding to the second light source 131. The filter 132 is disposed in the second mating hole p2 and is located on the light output path of the second light source 131.

[0074] For example, filter 132 may have one, two, or other quantities of filters. Figure 14 The diagram illustrates a configuration where two filters 132 are provided. It is understood that, by way of example, this is illustrated in conjunction with reference to... Figures 3 to 8 The second mating hole p2 connects the outside of the integrating sphere 110 and the inner cavity Q1.

[0075] By setting the filter 132, the emission spectrum distribution of the second light source 131 can be corrected, which helps to improve the accuracy and effect of radiometric calibration.

[0076] Based on some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 14 The second light source 131 includes a halogen tungsten lamp.

[0077] Halogen tungsten lamps emit light through thermal radiation from a tungsten filament, with a spectrum covering a continuous band from ultraviolet to near-infrared, without significant spectral line gaps or intensity abrupt changes. This ensures high stability of the radiation output of the second light source 131, meeting the requirements for high-precision calibration.

[0078] Based on some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 13 The spectral calibration lamp unit 120 is provided in two, and the on-board calibration device 100 has a first working state in which one of the spectral calibration lamp units 120 is lit and the other spectral calibration lamp unit 120 is turned off; and / or, the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 is provided in two, and the on-board calibration device 100 has a second working state in which one of the radiation calibration lamp units 130 is lit and the other radiation calibration lamp unit 130 is turned off.

[0079] By providing two spectral calibration lamp units 120, one of which can serve as a backup component, the reliability of the spectral calibration of the on-board calibration device 100 is improved. Similarly, by providing two radiometric calibration lamp units 130, one of which can serve as a backup component, the reliability of the radiometric calibration of the on-board calibration device 100 is improved.

[0080] Based on some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 13 Two spectral calibration lamp units 120 are provided, and the two spectral calibration lamp units 120 are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner about the center of the light outlet k1; and / or, two radiation calibration lamp units 130 are provided, and the two radiation calibration lamp units 130 are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner about the center of the light outlet k1.

[0081] By setting up a centrally symmetrically arranged spectral calibration lamp unit 120, the two first light sources 121 are staggered, which helps to improve energy utilization. By setting up a centrally symmetrically arranged radiation calibration lamp unit 130, the two second light sources 131 are staggered, which can improve the situation where the light generated by one of the second light sources 131 directly hits the other second light source 131 (e.g., onto the filter 132). This not only reduces the impact of the generated reflected light on the uniformity of the light outlet k1, but also improves the energy loss caused by the absorption of light entering the other second light source 131.

[0082] Based on some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 12 and Figure 14 and in conjunction with reference Figure 15 , Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the housing 140 in some embodiments of this application. The on-board calibration device 100 also includes a housing 140 for connection with a remote sensor. The housing 140 includes a first wall 141, second walls 142 disposed on opposite sides of the first wall 141 along a second direction F2, and third walls 143 disposed on opposite sides of the first wall 141 along a third direction F3. Each second wall 142 connects to two third walls 143 to define a receiving cavity Q2 for accommodating the integrating sphere 110 and an opening k3 communicating with the receiving cavity Q2. The opening k3 is disposed opposite to the first wall 141 along a fourth direction F4, and the first wall 141 has an opening k4 opposite to the light outlet k1. The second wall 142 and the third wall 143 form a side wall portion. The side wall portion has a first mounting hole a1 exposing a first mating hole p1 and a second mounting hole a2 exposing a second mating hole p2. The second direction F2, the third direction F3, and the fourth direction F4 are perpendicular to each other. In this embodiment of the application, the second direction F2 is the first direction F1.

[0083] For example, the opening k4 can be a chamfered hole, and the opening k4 can be concentrically set with the light outlet k1.

[0084] For example, each of the two second walls 142 is provided with a first mounting hole a1, and each of the two third walls 143 is provided with a second mounting hole a2. For example, the first light source 121 is inserted into the first mating hole p1 through the first mounting hole a1. The spectral calibration lamp unit 120 also includes a mounting member 122. The mounting member 122 is disposed on the first light source 121. The mounting member 122 is detachably connected to the second wall 142. The installation of the second light source 131 can refer to the first light source 121, and will not be described in detail here. The on-board calibration device 100 can enter the receiving cavity Q2 through the opening k3. The on-board calibration device 100 may also include a mounting part 144, which is disposed on the side wall and is used to connect to the remote sensor. For example, the mounting part 144 may be configured as a lug, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0085] Since the outer casing 140 includes a first wall 141, two second walls 142, and two third walls 143, the outer casing 140 is generally a cubic structure with an opening k3. This not only facilitates the installation of the on-board calibration device 100, but also protects the integrating sphere 110 and improves light leakage.

[0086] In some other embodiments, a heat insulation pad is provided between the online spectrometer lamp 1211 and the housing 140. The heat insulation pad can be used to block heat exchange between the mercury argon lamp and the housing 140 of the integrating sphere 110.

[0087] Based on some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 and in conjunction with reference Figure 16 , Figure 16 The above is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the on-board calibration device 100 in some embodiments of this application, excluding the housing 150. The radiation calibration lamp unit 130 also includes a lamp holder 133, and the second light source 131 is disposed on the side of the lamp holder 133 near the light outlet k1. The on-board calibration device 100 also includes a housing 150, which covers the second mounting hole a2 and defines, together with the side wall portion and the integrating sphere 110, a receiving cavity Q3 for accommodating the radiation calibration lamp unit 130.

[0088] For example, the housing 150 can be connected and secured to the outer casing 140 by bolts. For example, referring to... Figure 3 The outer surface of the integrating sphere 110 is provided with a recess 1101, which corresponds to the accommodating cavity Q3. The recess 1101 can be used to further expand the space of the accommodating cavity Q3, which saves space and facilitates the installation of the radiation calibration lamp unit 130.

[0089] By providing the housing 150, not only is it easier to install the radiation calibration lamp unit 130, but the influence of stray light can also be reduced. Furthermore, the housing 140 also includes a light-shielding barrier structure 145 provided at the edge of the second mounting hole a2, which can further reduce the risk of light leakage from the gap between the housing 150 and the housing 140, forming stray light and affecting the calibration accuracy.

[0090] Based on some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 16 and in conjunction with reference Figures 17 to 19 , Figure 17 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 in some embodiments of this application. Figure 18 This is another partial structural schematic diagram of the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 in some embodiments of this application. Figure 19 This is a partial structural diagram of the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 in some embodiments of this application. The radiation calibration lamp unit 130 further includes a package 134 and an electrode 135 insulated from the lamp holder 133. The lamp holder 133 has a mounting groove on the side near the opening k3. The electrode 135 is disposed in the mounting groove and extends out of the cover 150, and is electrically connected to the second light source 131. The package 134 is encapsulated at the opening of the mounting groove. The package 134 is made of ceramic; and / or, the electrode 135 is clearance-fitted with the mounting groove; and / or, the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 further includes an insulating sleeve 136 sleeved over the electrode 135; and / or, the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 further includes a mounting base 137 disposed in the mounting groove, the electrode 135 is disposed within the mounting base 137, the mounting base 137 is made of ceramic, and the lamp holder 133 is made of aluminum alloy.

[0091] For example, in conjunction with reference Figure 19 The mounting base 137 can be configured as M-shaped, thereby forming a space to accommodate the electrode 135. The mounting base 137 can encapsulate the two electrodes 135 together with the package 134 in the lamp holder 133.

[0092] For example, the power supply line 160 can be bolted to the electrode 135, thereby enabling power supply to the second light source 131. It should be noted that the illustration only shows the case where the power supply line 160 is provided on one radiation calibration lamp unit 130.

[0093] In the above embodiments, by setting the material of the package 134 to ceramic, it can be used not only for insulation but also for heat conduction.

[0094] In the above embodiment, by fitting the electrode 135 with the mounting groove with a gap, the electrode 135 can move slightly within the lamp holder 133, thereby reducing the risk of the second light source 131 cracking due to thermal expansion and contraction after it is lit.

[0095] In the above embodiments, by providing an insulating sleeve 136 over the electrode 135, insulation can be achieved between the lamp holder 133 and the electrode 135, thereby improving the situation where a short circuit occurs. By making the mounting base 137 of ceramic material, not only can the electrode 135 and the lamp holder 133 be insulated from each other, but it also facilitates the transfer of heat from the lamp base of the second light source 131 to the electrode 135 to the lamp holder 133. Since the lamp holder 133 is connected to the housing 140, heat can be transferred to the related structural components connected to the housing 140, thereby conducting heat from the inside to the outside.

[0096] It is understood that the second light source 131 generates a large amount of heat during operation, and the second light source 131 is equipped with a cover 150 to improve stray light. In the vacuum environment of space, this heat can only be conducted outward through the lamp base. By making the mounting base 137 of ceramic material, it has superior thermal conductivity compared to traditional insulating materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polyimide, thereby improving the situation where heat concentration affects the service life of the second light source 131. Thus, through the cooperation of the above-mentioned components, and the corresponding use of ceramic and aluminum alloy materials, a heat conduction path from the inside to the outside is formed, which can improve the heat dissipation problem of the light source in the vacuum environment and improve the reliability and service life of the radiation calibration lamp unit 130.

[0097] In other embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figures 17 to 19 and in conjunction with reference Figure 20 , Figure 20 This is a partial structural diagram of the radiation calibration lamp unit 130 in some embodiments of this application. The lamp base of the second light source 131 is fixed by clamping together the electrode 135 and the electrode plate 1302. The electrode plate 1302 can be connected to the electrode 135 by fastener 1301. (Refer to reference...) Figure 16 The fasteners 1301 and the power supply line 160 are located on both sides of the second light source 131, making the overall structure more compact.

[0098] For example, the electrode 135 and the electrode sheet 1302 can both be made of copper, which can make the electrode 135 and the electrode sheet 1302 have better conductivity.

[0099] In other embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 20 , Figure 20 The schematic diagram of electrode 135 is shown. Electrode 135 has a notch h, which is used to cooperate with electrode plate 1302 to clamp the lamp foot of second light source 131.

[0100] For example, the cross-section of the notch h can be semi-circular.

[0101] Thus, by setting the notch h, it is not only convenient to clamp the lamp feet of the second light source 131, but also to limit the lamp feet of the second light source 131, reducing the risk of the lamp feet of the second light source 131 shifting when subjected to external forces.

[0102] In other embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figure 14 The radiation calibration lamp unit 130 also includes a mounting structure 138 located at the second mating hole p2, which is used to mount the filter 132.

[0103] For example, two filters 132 may be provided, and a polytetrafluoroethylene gasket may be provided between the two filters 132. The two filters 132 can be fixed in the mounting structure 138 by a pressure ring 139. The mounting structure 138 can be embedded in the wall of the second mating hole p2.

[0104] According to some embodiments of this application, this application provides an on-board calibration device for a remote sensor, including the on-board calibration device 100 in any of the above embodiments.

[0105] The advantages of the on-board calibration device 100 in any of the above embodiments are also present in this remote sensor on-board calibration device, and will not be repeated here.

[0106] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0107] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A satellite calibration device, characterized in that, include: An integrating sphere has an inner cavity and a light-emitting port, a first mating hole, and a second mating hole, all connected to the inner cavity. The cavity wall is located on a spherical surface and is capable of diffuse reflection. The outer surface of the integrating sphere is cuboid. The integrating sphere includes a first hemispherical shell and a second hemispherical shell adapted to the first hemispherical shell. The first hemispherical shell and the second hemispherical shell are connected to define the inner cavity. At the connection between the first hemispherical shell and the second hemispherical shell, the first hemispherical shell has a first stepped portion, and the second hemispherical shell has a second stepped portion. The first stepped portion and the second stepped portion are adapted to each other. And / or, the light-emitting port and the first mating hole are located in the first hemispherical shell, and the second mating hole is defined by the first hemispherical shell and the second hemispherical shell. The housing for connection with the remote sensor includes a first wall, second walls disposed on opposite sides of the first wall along a second direction, and third walls disposed on opposite sides of the first wall along a third direction; each second wall connects to two third walls to define a receiving cavity for accommodating the integrating sphere and an opening communicating with the receiving cavity; the opening is disposed opposite to the first wall along a fourth direction; the first wall has an opening opposite to the light-emitting port; the second wall and the third wall form a side wall portion; the side wall portion has a first mounting hole exposing the first mating hole and a second mounting hole exposing the second mating hole; the second direction, the third direction, and the fourth direction are perpendicular to each other; The spectral calibration lamp unit includes a first light source; the first light source mates with the first mating hole so that the light generated by the first light source can be diffusely reflected on the cavity wall of the inner cavity; the first light source includes a line spectrum lamp; A radiation calibration lamp unit includes a second light source; the second light source mates with a second mating hole so that the light generated by the second light source can be diffusely reflected on the cavity wall of the inner cavity; and The controller is electrically connected to the spectral calibration lamp unit and the radiation calibration lamp unit respectively, and the controller is used to control the lighting and turning off of the spectral calibration lamp unit and the radiation calibration lamp unit.

2. The on-board calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrating sphere is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and is manufactured using a firing process. The density of the integrating sphere is 1.35 g / cm³. 3 Up to 1.7 g / cm 3 .

3. The on-board calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The line spectrum lamp includes a mercury argon lamp or a mercury xenon lamp, wherein the mercury argon lamp is configured to have 29 emission peaks between 250 nm and 1000 nm; and / or The second light source includes a halogen tungsten lamp.

4. The on-board calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first mating hole is formed in the integrating sphere along the first direction, and the first mating hole and the cavity wall of the inner cavity define an opening communicating with the inner cavity; the first direction and the tangential direction of the sphere where the cavity wall of the inner cavity is located are parallel to each other; the line spectrum lamp is configured as a bar lamp, the line spectrum lamp is inserted into the first mating hole along the first direction, and a portion of the line spectrum lamp is exposed through the opening.

5. The on-board calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation calibration lamp unit also includes a filter corresponding to the second light source; The filter is disposed in the second mating hole and is located on the light output path of the second light source.

6. The on-board calibration device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The spectral calibration lamp unit is provided in two parts, and the on-board calibration device has a first operating state; in the first operating state, one spectral calibration lamp unit is lit, while the other spectral calibration lamp unit is turned off; and / or The radiation calibration lamp unit is provided in two, and the on-board calibration device has a second working state; in the second working state, one radiation calibration lamp unit is lit, and the other radiation calibration lamp unit is turned off.

7. The on-board calibration device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The spectral calibration lamp unit is provided in two units, and the two spectral calibration lamp units are arranged symmetrically about the center of the light outlet; and / or The radiation calibration lamp unit is provided in two parts, and the two radiation calibration lamp units are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner about the center of the light outlet.

8. The on-board calibration device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The radiation calibration lamp unit also includes a lamp holder, and the second light source is disposed on the side of the lamp holder near the light outlet; The on-board calibration device also includes a housing, which covers the second mounting hole and, together with the side wall and the integrating sphere, defines a receiving cavity for accommodating the radiation calibration lamp unit.

9. The on-board calibration device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The radiation calibration lamp unit also includes a package and an electrode that is insulated from the lamp holder; the lamp holder has a mounting groove on the side near the opening, the electrode is located in the mounting groove and extends out of the cover, and is electrically connected to the second light source, and the package is encapsulated at the opening of the mounting groove; Wherein, the packaging component is made of ceramic material; and / or The electrode is clearance-fitted with the mounting groove; and / or The radiation calibration lamp unit also includes an insulating sleeve fitted over the electrodes; and / or The radiation calibration lamp unit also includes a mounting base disposed in the mounting groove, the electrode is disposed in the mounting base, the mounting base is made of ceramic material, and the lamp holder is made of aluminum alloy material.

10. A remote sensor on-board calibration device, characterized in that, Includes the on-board calibration device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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