Photovoltaic module capable of preventing back deformation

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic module capable of preventing back deformation. The photovoltaic module comprises an aluminum alloy frame, tempered glass, a first hot melt adhesive layer, a solar cell, a second hot melt adhesive layer, a back plate, a graphene lining support, a junction box, a connector, a hinge lug, a cross arm, a cross seat, a damping knob, a transmission disc, a telescopic plate, a bearing rib plate, a plug pin and the like. Wherein the tempered glass is inserted into the front side of the aluminum alloy frame, and all the parts are connected in a specific mode. According to the photovoltaic module capable of preventing the back surface from deforming, the back surface is transversely and longitudinally supported through the graphene lining bracket, so that bending deformation is prevented; the cross arm is connected with the hinge lug, so that the cross seat supports the middle part of the back plate, the stress is dispersed, the telescopic plate and the supporting rib plate are matched to form a comprehensive supporting network, and the structural stability of the back plate is improved; the damping knob drives the transmission disc to rotate, so that the bearing rib plate can be expanded outwards, the flexibility of the supporting structure is improved, the supporting structure adapts to different environments, the service life of the assembly is prolonged, and the maintenance cost and the power generation efficiency are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the application field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular to a photovoltaic module capable of preventing back surface deformation. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic modules are the core component of photovoltaic power generation systems. Traditional energy supply methods mainly rely on fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. However, these fossil fuels have limited reserves, and their use produces large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions, causing serious environmental pollution, such as global warming and acid rain. Photovoltaic modules are the core component of photovoltaic power generation systems. Traditional energy supply methods mainly rely on fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. However, these fossil fuels have limited reserves, and their use produces large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions, causing serious environmental pollution, such as global warming and acid rain.

[0003] Common photovoltaic modules include tempered glass, solar cells, back panels, junction boxes and connectors, which are bonded together with hot melt adhesive. However, since the above structures are directly inserted into the interior of the aluminum alloy frame and lack a supporting structure, they will be affected by environmental factors such as temperature changes, wind, snow accumulation, etc. during long-term outdoor use. Due to the lack of effective protection and structural support on the back of the photovoltaic module, it will cause it to deform, thereby reducing the connection stability of the solar cells inside the photovoltaic module and increasing the risk of circuit disconnection or short circuit. It cannot meet the working requirements of photovoltaic module applications. Therefore, a photovoltaic module that prevents back deformation is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a photovoltaic module for preventing back surface deformation, comprising: An aluminum alloy frame, wherein the front side of the aluminum alloy frame is provided with tempered glass, the rear of the tempered glass is provided with a first hot melt adhesive layer, and the back of the first hot melt adhesive layer is provided with solar cells; A second hot melt adhesive layer is laid on the rear of the solar cell, a back plate is laid on the back of the second hot melt adhesive layer, a graphene lining bracket is inserted between the back plate and the second hot melt adhesive layer, a junction box is installed on the rear lower side of the back plate, and a connector is connected to the bottom of the junction box; The hinged ears are welded to the left and right sides of the exterior of the aluminum alloy frame. The inner sides of the hinged ears are equipped with cross arms. The inner ends of the cross arms are connected to cross seats. The middle position of the back of the cross seat is connected to the damping knob. The transmission plate is sleeved on the outside of the damping knob, and telescopic plates are inserted on the left and right sides and the upper and lower sides of the interior of the cross seat, and the outer ends of the telescopic plates are connected to supporting ribs; The latch is connected to the inner side of the rear portion of the telescopic plate. The inner portion of the transmission plate and the position corresponding to the latch are all provided with arc grooves, and the latches are all inserted into the inner portion of the arc grooves.

[0005] Preferably, sealant is coated between the outer edges of the tempered glass, solar cell and back plate and the inner wall of the aluminum alloy frame.

[0006] Preferably, the graphene lining bracket is in a shape of a Chinese scorpion, and a matching groove is provided on the surface of the second hot melt adhesive layer at a position corresponding to the graphene lining bracket.

[0007] Preferably, the outer edges of the supporting ribs are all rounded, and the lengths of the telescopic plates on the upper and lower sides are greater than the lengths of the telescopic plates on the left and right sides.

[0008] Preferably, a sliding groove is provided at a position on the back of the cross seat corresponding to the telescopic plate, and the latches pass through the interior of the sliding groove.

[0009] Preferably, the four outer corners of the aluminum alloy frame are connected to assembly racks, and through holes are provided on both inner sides of the assembly rack and on both inner sides of the hinged ears.

[0010] Preferably, the assembly frames are all L-shaped, and reinforcing ribs are welded transversely on the inner side of the assembly frames, and the number of the reinforcing ribs is 1-3 groups.

[0011] Preferably, threaded holes are provided at positions on the inner and outer sides of the cross arm corresponding to the through holes, and screws are screwed into the inner parts of the threaded holes.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the cross seat and the outside of the telescopic plate are both paved with wear-resistant gaskets, and the contact surface between the graphene lining bracket and the back plate is equipped with spherical protrusions.

[0013] Preferably, a paddle is provided at the rear end of the damping knob, and a sealing gasket is provided at the joint between the damping knob and the transmission disc.

[0014] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module that prevents back surface deformation, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention supports the back of the photovoltaic module by adding a graphene lining bracket between the second hot melt adhesive layer and the back plate, so that the graphene lining bracket can provide horizontal and vertical support to the back of the photovoltaic module, preventing the photovoltaic module from bending and deforming during use; 2. After the cross arm is connected to the hinged ear, the cross seat can be installed in the middle of the rear part of the backboard, so that the middle part of the backboard can be supported by the cross seat, which can effectively disperse the stress acting on the middle part of the backboard, prevent the middle part from being deformed such as concave or convex, and maintain the flatness of the overall structure of the backboard. In addition, the expansion plate and supporting ribs inserted inside the cross seat can enhance the compressive strength of the edge of the backboard, and cooperate with the cross seat support in the middle to form a comprehensive support network. The overall support system from the center to the edge improves the structural stability of the backboard and reduces the risk of overall structural instability caused by local deformation. 3. The present invention drives the rotation of the transmission disk through the damping knob, which can drive the synchronous outward expansion of the pin and the telescopic plate through the arc groove, so that the outward expansion of the supporting rib can be driven, thereby improving the flexibility of the photovoltaic module support structure. Under different environmental conditions, the position of the supporting plate can be adjusted according to actual needs to improve the support position of the back panel edge, improve the anti-deformation ability of the back panel, help adapt to complex and changeable outdoor environments, extend the service life of the photovoltaic module, and reduce the maintenance cost and the risk of reduced power generation efficiency due to back panel deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure explosion of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the aluminum alloy frame of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the cross seat and the cross arm of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission plate and arc groove structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the latch structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the hinged ear and the cross arm of the present invention.

[0023] Description of reference numerals: 1. Aluminum alloy frame; 2. Tempered glass; 3. First hot melt adhesive layer; 4. Solar cell; 5. Second hot melt adhesive layer; 6. Back panel; 7. Graphene lining bracket; 8. Mating slot; 9. Hinge ear; 10. Cross arm; 11. Junction box; 12. Connector; 13. Cross seat; 131. Slide groove; 14. Transmission plate; 15. Telescopic plate; 16. Damping knob; 17. Arc groove; 18. Support rib; 19. Latch; 20. Assembly frame; 21. Through hole; 22. Reinforcement rib; 23. Threaded hole; 24. Screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The present invention provides a technical solution, a photovoltaic module for preventing back deformation, comprising an aluminum alloy frame 1, tempered glass 2, a first hot melt adhesive layer 3, a solar cell 4, a second hot melt adhesive layer 5, a back plate 6, a graphene lining bracket 7, a matching groove 8, a hinge ear 9, a cross arm 10, a junction box 11, a joint 12, a cross seat 13, a slide groove 131, a transmission plate 14, a telescopic plate 15, a damping knob 16, an arc groove 17, a supporting rib 18, a latch 19, an assembly frame 20, a through hole 21, a reinforcing rib 22, a threaded hole 23 and a screw 24: See also Figure 1 , aluminum alloy frame 1, the inner front side of the aluminum alloy frame 1 is inserted with tempered glass 2, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a first hot melt adhesive layer 3 is laid on the rear of the tempered glass 2, and a solar cell 4 is laid on the back of the first hot melt adhesive layer 3; The second hot melt adhesive layer 5 is laid on the rear of the solar cell 4, and a back plate 6 is laid on the back of the second hot melt adhesive layer 5. A graphene lining bracket 7 is inserted between the back plate 6 and the second hot melt adhesive layer 5. A junction box 11 is installed on the lower side of the rear of the back plate 6. The bottom of the junction box 11 is connected to a joint 12. Sealant is applied between the outer edges of the tempered glass 2, the solar cell 4 and the back plate 6 and the inner wall of the aluminum alloy frame 1. The shape of the graphene lining bracket 7 is a Japanese-shaped arrangement, and the Japanese-shaped frame structure can provide stable support in the horizontal and vertical directions. The graphene lining bracket 7 is inserted in a manner that it is tightly embedded between the back plate 6 and the second hot melt adhesive layer 5, and combined with the friction between the two and the card slot structure, it is ensured that it will not be easily shifted during use. A matching groove 8 is provided on the surface of the second hot melt adhesive layer 5 and at a position corresponding to the graphene lining bracket 7; See also Figure 4 , hinged ears 9, welded to the left and right sides of the outside of the aluminum alloy frame 1, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the inner side of the hinged ear 9 is equipped with a cross arm 10, the inner end of the cross arm 10 is connected to a cross seat 13, and the middle position of the back of the cross seat 13 is connected to a damping knob 16; The transmission plate 14 is mounted on the outside of the damping knob 16. The left and right sides and the upper and lower sides of the cross seat 13 are both inserted with telescopic plates 15. The outer ends of the telescopic plates 15 are connected to supporting ribs 18. See also Figure 7 The latch 19 is connected to the inner side of the rear of the telescopic plate 15. The inner position of the transmission plate 14 corresponding to the latch 19 is provided with an arc groove 17. The latch 19 is inserted into the inner side of the arc groove 17. The outer edges of the supporting ribs 18 are rounded. The lengths of the upper and lower telescopic plates 15 are greater than the lengths of the left and right telescopic plates 15. The back of the cross seat 13 is provided with a slide groove 131 at the position corresponding to the telescopic plate 15. The latch 19 passes through the inner side of the slide groove 131. The rounded corner setting can prevent the supporting ribs 18 from scratching the back plate 6 when supporting the edge of the back plate 6; the telescopic plates 15 of different lengths are designed according to the force characteristics of the edges of the back plate 6. The longer upper and lower telescopic plates 15 can provide stronger supporting force in the vertical direction, and the shorter left and right telescopic plates 15 provide appropriate supporting force in the horizontal direction, thereby achieving all-round support; See also Figure 4 The four corners of the aluminum alloy frame 1 are connected to the assembly frame 20. The inner sides of the assembly frame 20 and the inner sides of the hinged ears 9 are provided with through holes 21. The shape of the assembly frame 20 is L-shaped. The inner side of the assembly frame 20 is horizontally welded with reinforcing ribs 22. The number of reinforcing ribs 22 is 1-3 groups. Figure 8 , threaded holes 23 are provided at the positions corresponding to the inner and outer sides of the cross arm 10 and the through holes 21, and screws 24 are screwed inside the threaded holes 23, and the inner wall of the cross seat 13 and the outer side of the telescopic plate 15 are paved with wear-resistant gaskets, which are fixed to the inner wall of the cross seat 13 and the outer side of the telescopic plate 15 by gluing or inlaying. The contact surface of the graphene lining bracket 7 and the back plate 6 is equipped with a spherical protrusion, and the spherical protrusion is formed on the contact surface of the graphene lining bracket 7 by stamping or casting, and the size and distribution of the spherical protrusion are uniformly set. The added spherical protrusion increases the contact points between the graphene lining bracket 7 and the back plate 6, which can more evenly disperse the stress when subjected to external force, further improve the supporting capacity of the back plate 6, prevent the back plate 6 from deformation, and fit tightly with the contact surface of the back plate 6. The rear end of the damping knob 16 is equipped with a paddle, and a sealing gasket is provided at the joint between the damping knob 16 and the transmission disk 14.

[0026] This solution can support the back of the photovoltaic module by adding a graphene lined bracket 7 between the second hot melt adhesive layer 5 and the backboard 6, so that the graphene lined bracket 7 can provide horizontal and vertical support to the back of the photovoltaic module, preventing the photovoltaic module from bending and deforming during use.

[0027] In this solution, after the cross arm 10 is connected to the hinged ear 9, the cross seat 13 can be installed in the middle position of the rear part of the back panel 6, so that the middle part of the back panel 6 can be supported by the cross seat 13, which can effectively disperse the stress acting on the middle part of the back panel 6, prevent deformation such as depression or bulge in the middle part, maintain the flatness of the overall structure of the back panel 6, and the telescopic plate 15 and the supporting rib 18 inserted inside the cross seat 13 can enhance the compressive strength of the edge of the back panel 6, cooperate with the support of the cross seat 13 in the middle to form a comprehensive support network, so that the overall support system from the center to the edge improves the structural stability of the back panel 6 and reduces the risk of overall structural instability caused by local deformation.

[0028] This solution drives the rotation of the transmission disk 14 through the damping knob 16, which can drive the synchronous outward expansion of the pin 19 and the telescopic plate 15 through the arc groove 17, so as to drive the outward expansion of the supporting rib 18, thereby improving the flexibility of the photovoltaic module support structure. Under different environmental conditions, the position of the supporting plate can be adjusted according to actual needs to improve the support position of the edge of the back panel 6, improve the anti-deformation ability of the back panel 6, help adapt to complex and changeable outdoor environments, extend the service life of the photovoltaic module, and reduce the maintenance cost and the risk of reduced power generation efficiency due to deformation of the back panel 6.

[0029] The detailed real-time steps of this solution are: Preliminary assembly of components: First, insert the tempered glass 2 into the front side inside the aluminum alloy frame 1. This process requires ensuring that the tempered glass 2 is accurately embedded in the frame and closely fitted with the frame. Lay the first hot-melt adhesive layer 3 on the rear part of the tempered glass 2. The first hot-melt adhesive layer 3 should be laid evenly to ensure its effective adhesion to the subsequent solar cells 4. Then, lay the solar cells 4 on the back of the first hot-melt adhesive layer 3, also ensuring that the laying of the cells is flat without wrinkles or gaps. Next, lay the second hot-melt adhesive layer 5 on the rear part of the solar cells 4. When laying the second hot-melt adhesive layer 5, pay attention to aligning it with the previous components and ensure that the mating groove 8 at the position corresponding to the graphene inner lining bracket 7 on the surface of the second hot-melt adhesive layer 5 is accurate, so as to insert the graphene inner lining bracket 7 subsequently. Insert the graphene inner lining bracket 7 into the position between the backplane 6 and the second hot-melt adhesive layer 5. Since the shape of the graphene inner lining bracket 7 is set in the shape of a Chinese character 'Ri', ensure that it is completely embedded in the mating groove 8 and closely fitted with the backplane 6 and the second hot-melt adhesive layer 5 during the insertion process, thereby providing lateral and longitudinal support for the back of the photovoltaic module to prevent bending deformation. Lay the backplane 6 on the back of the second hot-melt adhesive layer 5. After the backplane 6 is laid, install the junction box 11 on the lower side of its rear part and connect the connector 12 to the bottom of the junction box 11. Apply sealant between the outer edges of the tempered glass 2, solar cells 4, and backplane 6 and the inner wall of the aluminum alloy frame 1. The application of the sealant should be uniform and continuous to prevent external moisture, dust, and other impurities from entering the module interior and affecting the module performance; Support structure installation: Weld the hinged ears 9 to the left and right sides of the outside of the aluminum alloy frame 1. When welding, ensure that the position of the hinged ears 9 is accurate and firm. Then, install the cross arm 10 on the inner side of the hinged ear 9. The cross arm 10 should fit tightly with the hinged ear 9 to ensure the stability of the connection. Connect the cross seat 13 to the inner end of the cross arm 10. In this way, the cross seat 13 is installed in the middle position of the rear part of the back plate 6, so that the middle part of the back plate 6 can be supported. During the installation process, ensure that the position of the cross seat 13 is accurate so that the stress acting on the middle part of the back plate 6 can be effectively dispersed. Insert the telescopic plates 15 on the left and right sides and the upper and lower sides of the interior of the cross seat 13. The outer end of the telescopic plate 15 is connected to the supporting rib 18. During the connection process, it is important to note that the outer edge of the supporting rib 18 is rounded, and the length of the upper and lower telescopic plates 15 is greater than the length of the left and right telescopic plates 15 to ensure effective support for the edge of the back plate 6 in different directions. At the same time, the latch 19 should be connected to the inner side of the rear part of the telescopic plate 15, and the latch 19 should pass through the inside of the slide groove 131 opened at the back of the cross seat 13 at the position corresponding to the telescopic plate 15, and the transmission disk 14 should be installed on the outside of the damping knob 16. And it is necessary to ensure that the arc groove 17 opened at the position corresponding to the latch 19 inside the transmission disk 14 accurately matches the latch 19, and the latch 19 is inserted into the inside of the arc groove 17. At the same time, a paddle is installed at the rear end of the damping knob 16 to facilitate the rotation of the damping knob 16, and a sealing gasket is installed at the connection between the damping knob 16 and the transmission disk 14 to prevent dust and water vapor from entering and affecting the transmission. Wear-resistant gaskets are laid on the inner wall of the cross seat 13 and the outside of the telescopic plate 15 to reduce friction between the components and increase the service life. In addition, a spherical protrusion is installed on the contact surface of the graphene liner bracket 7 and the back plate 6 to enhance the support effect between the two; External assembly jig installation: Attach assembly jigs 20 to the four corners of the aluminum alloy frame 1. The L-shaped configuration of assembly jig 20 facilitates connection to the external bracket. Reinforcing ribs 22 are welded transversely to the inside of assembly jig 20, with one to three sets of ribs 22 to enhance the structural strength of assembly jig 20. Furthermore, through-holes 21 are defined on both sides of the interior of assembly jig 20 and on both sides of the interior of hinged lug 9. Threaded holes 23 are also defined on the inside and outside of cross arm 10 at locations corresponding to through-holes 21. Screws 24 are then screwed into threaded holes 23 to further secure the connection between the components. The photovoltaic module set up through the above steps provides very effective support for the back of the photovoltaic module through the graphene lined bracket 7 added between the second hot melt adhesive layer 5 and the back plate 6. Graphene has excellent mechanical properties. Its high hardness and high strength can effectively resist deformation when the photovoltaic module is subjected to external forces. The sun-shaped structure of the graphene lined bracket 7 can provide lateral and longitudinal support for the back of the photovoltaic module. The lateral support can prevent the back plate 6 from bending in the horizontal direction. For example, when it is blown laterally by wind or the weight of the module itself is unevenly distributed, the lateral support can maintain the flatness of the back plate 6. The longitudinal support prevents the back plate 6 from being concave or convex in the vertical direction. For example, when the module is installed on a surface with a certain slope or is subjected to vertical pressure such as snow, the longitudinal support plays an important role. This comprehensive lateral and longitudinal support effectively prevents the problem of bending and deformation of the photovoltaic module during use, ensures the structural integrity of the module, and thus ensures the power generation efficiency and service life of the photovoltaic module. After connecting the cross arm 10 to the hinged ear 9, the cross seat 13 is installed in the middle of the rear portion of the back panel 6 to support the middle portion of the back panel 6. The middle portion of the back panel 6 is a critical area, often subject to greater stress when the assembly is subjected to various external forces. The cross seat 13 can effectively disperse these stresses. For example, when the assembly is subjected to thermal expansion and contraction stresses caused by temperature changes or localized pressure during installation, the cross seat 13 distributes the stress to the surrounding structure, preventing deformation such as depressions or protrusions in the middle portion, thereby maintaining the overall flatness of the back panel 6. The telescopic plate 15 and supporting ribs 18 inserted within the cross seat 13 can enhance the compressive strength of the edges of the back panel 6. The edges are prone to deformation when subjected to external forces, such as lateral force from wind or collision forces during installation. The supporting ribs 18 cooperate with the telescopic plate 15 to support the back panel 6 from the edges. Together with the support of the cross seat 13 in the middle, they form a comprehensive support network. This integrated support system, extending from the center to the edges, significantly improves the structural stability of the backsheet 6. It reduces the risk of overall structural instability caused by local deformation, enabling the PV module to maintain a stable structure even in complex environments. It also reduces the risk of internal circuit damage and cell rupture caused by structural deformation, further extending the module's service life. The damping knob 16 drives the rotation of the transmission disc 14, and the arc-shaped groove 17 within the transmission disc 14 drives the synchronous outward expansion of the latch 19 and the telescopic plate 15, which in turn drives the outward expansion of the support rib 18. This design provides the photovoltaic module support structure with a high degree of flexibility. Under different environmental conditions, for example, in winter, snow may accumulate on the module, requiring adjustment of the edge support to accommodate varying pressure distributions. Alternatively, in different geographical locations, wind direction and intensity may vary, requiring adjustment of the position of the support rib 18. This adjustable support structure allows the position of the support rib to be adjusted as needed, improving the support position for the edge of the backsheet 6 and thus enhancing the backsheet 6's ability to resist deformation. This flexibility helps adapt to complex and changing outdoor environments, allowing the photovoltaic module to better cope with various external factors and reduce the maintenance costs and reduced power generation efficiency caused by backsheet 6 deformation. For example, deformation of the backsheet 6 can loosen the connections between the cells, reducing photovoltaic conversion efficiency and increasing maintenance costs. This flexible support structure effectively avoids these problems.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0031] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module for preventing back deformation, characterized in that: Including: An aluminum alloy frame (1), a tempered glass (2) is inserted at the front side inside the aluminum alloy frame (1), a first hot-melt adhesive layer (3) is laid on the rear of the tempered glass (2), and a solar cell (4) is laid on the back of the first hot-melt adhesive layer (3); A second hot-melt adhesive layer (5) is laid on the rear of the solar cell (4), a back plate (6) is laid on the back of the second hot-melt adhesive layer (5), a graphene inner lining bracket (7) is inserted at the position between the back plate (6) and the second hot-melt adhesive layer (5), a junction box (11) is installed at the lower side of the rear of the back plate (6), and a connector (12) is connected to the bottom of the junction box (11); Hinge ears (9) are welded on the left and right sides outside the aluminum alloy frame (1), cross arms (10) are installed on the inner sides of the hinge ears (9), the inner ends of the cross arms (10) are connected with cross seats (13), and a damping knob (16) is connected to the middle position of the back of the cross seat (13); A transmission disc (14) is sleeved outside the damping knob (16), telescopic plates (15) are inserted on the left and right sides and the upper and lower sides inside the cross seat (13), and supporting rib plates (18) are connected to the outer ends of the telescopic plates (15); Bolts (19) are connected to the inner sides of the rear parts of the telescopic plates (15), arc-shaped grooves (17) are formed at the positions corresponding to the bolts (19) inside the transmission disc (14), and the bolts (19) are inserted into the arc-shaped grooves (17).

2. The photovoltaic module for preventing back surface deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sealant is coated between the outer edges of the tempered glass (2), the solar cell (4) and the back plate (6) and the inner wall of the aluminum alloy frame (1).

3. The photovoltaic module for preventing back surface deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphene inner lining bracket (7) is in a shape of a Chinese character 'Ri', and a fitting groove (8) is formed at the position on the surface of the second hot-melt adhesive layer (5) corresponding to the graphene inner lining bracket (7).

4. The photovoltaic module for preventing back surface deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer edges of the supporting rib plates (18) are all rounded, and the lengths of the upper and lower telescopic plates (15) are greater than the lengths of the left and right telescopic plates (15).

5. The photovoltaic module for preventing back surface deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Chute grooves (131) are formed at the positions on the back of the cross seat (13) corresponding to the telescopic plates (15), and the bolts (19) penetrate through the chute grooves (131).

6. The photovoltaic module for preventing back surface deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Assembly frames (20) are connected to the four corners outside the aluminum alloy frame (1), and through holes (21) are formed on both sides inside the assembly frames (20) and on both sides inside the hinge ears (9).

7. The photovoltaic module for preventing back surface deformation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The assembly frames (20) are all in an L shape, and reinforcing rib bars (22) are horizontally welded inside the assembly frames (20), and the number of the reinforcing rib bars (22) is 1 - 3 groups.

8. The photovoltaic module for preventing back surface deformation according to claim 7, characterized in that: Threaded holes (23) are formed at the positions on the outer sides inside the cross arms (10) corresponding to the through holes (21), and screws (24) are screwed into the threaded holes (23).

9. The photovoltaic module for preventing back surface deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Wear-resistant gaskets are laid on the inner walls of the cross seats (13) and the outsides of the telescopic plates (15), and spherical protrusions are installed on the contact surfaces between the graphene inner lining brackets (7) and the back plates (6).

10. The photovoltaic module for preventing back surface deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A paddle is mounted on the rear end of the damping knob (16), and a sealing gasket is sleeved on the joint between the damping knob (16) and the transmission disc (14).

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