Spring electrode shock wave catheter

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shock wave catheters, and discloses a spring electrode shock wave catheter which comprises a slender carrier and a balloon, a space formed between the balloon and the carrier is an annular channel allowing fluid to enter to achieve inflation, firstly, an electrode in the catheter is designed to be of a spring type spiral structure and is wound on the surface of the carrier, and the electrode is wound on the surface of the carrier; compared with the prior art, good electric contact can be provided, the electrode has excellent ductility, and the problem that the electrode generates large stress on the electrode in the process that the balloon is extruded and deformed by fluid is solved. The first supporting mechanism is connected between the two adjacent circles of outer walls of the electrode through the design of the first supporting mechanism and the second supporting mechanism; the first supporting mechanism is connected between the inner wall of the balloon and the outer wall of the electrode and provides axial supporting force for the electrode, the second supporting mechanism is connected between the inner wall of the balloon and the outer wall of the electrode and provides radial supporting force for the electrode, the pressure on the electrode is reduced when the internal pressure of the balloon is increased and the balloon is expanded, and the stress problem of the electrode in the balloon deformation process is further solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shock waveguide tubes, in particular to a spring electrode shock waveguide tube. Background Art

[0002] Shock wave catheters, specifically intravascular shock wave balloon catheters, are an innovative therapeutic technology primarily used to treat vascular calcifications. Intravascular shock wave lithotripsy (IVSL) is derived from the principles of lithotripsy for urinary stone treatment, combined with innovative balloon angioplasty techniques. This technique selectively targets calcified lesions (subintima and media) by emitting acoustic pressure waves. Without compromising the integrity of the vascular intima, the balloon catheter effectively loosens or fractures the calcified lesions, restoring vessel elasticity (compliance) and providing a more ideal lumen for subsequent treatments, such as drug-eluting balloons or stent implantation.

[0003] After searching, the patent with application number CN202210955952.3 discloses an intravascular imaging shock wave balloon catheter and medical device. The balloon catheter includes: an outer tube; a balloon located at the distal end of the outer tube and connected to the outer tube; an inner tube, which is inserted into the chamber formed by the outer tube and the balloon, and the distal end of the inner tube is exposed from the distal end of the balloon; an imaging probe located in the inner tube and located in the part of the inner tube where the balloon is exposed, and the imaging probe collects imaging signals; a spring tube located in the inner tube, the distal end is connected to the imaging probe, and the proximal end is connected to the driving structure for driving the imaging probe to move; an electrode located on the outer surface of the inner tube and inside the balloon, connected to the high-voltage pulse output module. When the balloon is filled with a conductive liquid, the electrode breaks through the nearby conductive liquid under the action of a high-voltage pulse, generating a mechanical shock wave in the balloon. In this way, both intravascular imaging of diseased blood vessels and shock wave therapy can be performed. The process of shock wave therapy surgery is significantly simplified, and the harm of the surgery to the patient can be reduced.

[0004] Although the distribution structure of electrodes on the balloon in the current shock wave catheter can play a conductive role, the electrical contact effect is poor, and the electrodes do not have good ductility. When the balloon is deformed by the impact force of the fluid, it will generate large stress on the electrodes. Therefore, we need to propose a spring electrode shock wave catheter. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spring electrode shock wave catheter. First, the electrode in the catheter is designed as a spring-type spiral structure and is wound on the surface of the carrier, which can provide good electrical contact and make the electrode have excellent ductility, solving the problem of large stress on the electrode during the deformation of the balloon by fluid squeezing. Through the design of the first support mechanism and the second support mechanism, the first support mechanism is connected between the outer walls of two adjacent circles of the electrode, providing axial support force for the electrode, and the second support mechanism is connected between the inner wall of the balloon and the outer wall of the electrode, providing radial support force for the electrode, so as to achieve the reduction of pressure on the electrode when the internal pressure of the balloon increases and the balloon expands, further solving the stress problem of the electrode during the deformation of the balloon, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a spring electrode shock wave catheter, comprising a slender carrier and a balloon sealedly sleeved on the outer wall of the carrier, the space formed between the balloon and the carrier being an annular channel for fluid to enter and achieve inflation, the interior of the annular channel being provided with an electrode with a spring-type spiral structure wound around the outer wall of the carrier, a second support mechanism connected between two adjacent circles of electrodes to provide axial support force for the electrodes being also installed on the outer wall of the carrier, and a first support mechanism connected between the inner wall of the balloon and the outer wall of the electrode to provide radial support force for the electrodes.

[0007] Preferably, the balloon includes a main deformation portion located in the middle, and buffer portions connected to both ends of the main deformation portion, and one end of the two buffer portions is respectively connected to a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion.

[0008] Preferably, the main deformation portion is configured to be cylindrical, the buffer portion is configured to be truncated cone-shaped, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are also configured to be cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the first connecting portion is greater than the inner diameter of the second connecting portion.

[0009] Preferably, a high-voltage pulse source is further included, and a counter electrode is provided inside the annular channel. The electrode and the counter electrode are connected to the high-voltage pulse source via a connector.

[0010] Preferably, the electrode is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage pulse source, and the counter electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse source.

[0011] Preferably, the first supporting mechanism includes a first mounting plate mounted on the inner wall of the balloon and a second mounting plate mounted on the outer wall of the electrode, and a first spring is connected between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.

[0012] Preferably, a first rotating seat is mounted on the first mounting plate, and an X-shaped first supporting frame is connected to the first rotating seat; a second rotating seat is mounted on the second mounting plate, and an X-shaped second supporting frame is connected to the second rotating seat.

[0013] Preferably, a rotating shaft is connected between the bottom of the first support frame and the top of the second support frame.

[0014] Preferably, the second supporting mechanism comprises a fixing block obliquely mounted on the carrier, mounting seats are mounted on the outer walls of two adjacent circles of electrodes, and a second spring is connected between the fixing block and the mounting seat.

[0015] Preferably, the electrode comprises an insulating wire, an electrode wire is arranged inside the insulating wire, and an opening is formed on the outer skin of the insulating wire.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention first designs the electrode in the catheter into a spring-like spiral structure and winds it around the surface of the carrier, which can provide good electrical contact and make the electrode have excellent ductility, solving the problem of high stress on the electrode during the process of fluid squeezing and deformation of the balloon; 2. The present invention adopts the design of the first supporting mechanism and the second supporting mechanism. The first supporting mechanism is connected between the outer walls of two adjacent circles of the electrode, providing axial supporting force for the electrode. The second supporting mechanism is connected between the inner wall of the balloon and the outer wall of the electrode, providing radial supporting force for the electrode. When the internal pressure of the balloon increases and the balloon expands, the pressure on the electrode is reduced, further solving the stress problem of the electrode during the deformation process of the balloon. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first supporting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the second supporting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Balloon; 11. Main deformation part; 12. Buffer part; 13. First connecting part; 14. Second connecting part; 2. Carrier; 3. High-voltage pulse source; 4. Connector; 5. Electrode; 51. Insulation wire; 52. Opening; 53. Electrode wire; 6. Counter electrode; 7. First supporting mechanism; 71. First mounting plate; 72. Second mounting plate; 73. First rotating seat; 74. Second rotating seat; 75. First supporting frame; 76. Second supporting frame; 77. Rotating shaft; 78. First spring; 8. Second supporting mechanism; 81. Fixed block; 82. Second spring; 83. Mounting seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] See also Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a spring electrode shock wave catheter, comprising an elongated carrier 2, a balloon 1 sealedly sleeved on the outer wall of the carrier 2, a space formed between the balloon 1 and the carrier 2 as an annular channel for fluid to enter and achieve inflation, the interior of the annular channel can be filled with water or physiological saline, and an electrode 5 with a spring-type spiral structure wound around the outer wall of the carrier 2 is provided inside the annular channel. The electrode 5 with a spring-type spiral structure can provide good electrical contact and excellent ductility, thereby solving the stress problem of the electrode 5 during the deformation process of the balloon 1; A second support mechanism 8 is mounted on the outer wall of the carrier 2, connecting between two adjacent circles of electrodes 5 and providing axial support for the electrodes 5. A first support mechanism 7 is connected between the inner wall of the balloon 1 and the outer wall of the electrodes 5, providing radial support for the electrodes 5. The coordinated use of the first and second support mechanisms 7, 8, further mitigates stress on the electrodes 5 during balloon 1 deformation.

[0021] The balloon 1 includes a main deformation portion 11 located in the middle, and buffer portions 12 connected to both ends of the main deformation portion 11 . One end of the two buffer portions 12 is connected to a first connecting portion 13 and a second connecting portion 14 , respectively.

[0022] After the balloon 1 is deformed by the fluid, the main deformation part 11 expands to the maximum extent and fits against the blood vessel wall. A lithotripsy emitter is provided on the main deformation part 11, and low-profile emitters are provided on the first connecting part 13 and the buffer part 12 between the main deformation part 11 and the first connecting part 13 to adapt to narrow and difficult-to-cross calcified lesions.

[0023] The main deformation portion 11 is cylindrical, the buffer portion 12 is truncated cone, the first connection portion 13 and the second connection portion 14 are also cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the first connection portion 13 is larger than that of the second connection portion 14 .

[0024] It also includes a high-voltage pulse source 3 , and a counter electrode 6 is provided inside the annular channel. The electrode 5 and the counter electrode 6 are connected to the high-voltage pulse source 3 through a connector 4 .

[0025] The electrode 5 is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage pulse source 3 , and the counter electrode 6 is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse source 3 .

[0026] The first support mechanism 7 includes a first mounting plate 71 mounted on the inner wall of the balloon 1 and a second mounting plate 72 mounted on the outer wall of the electrode 5. A first spring 78 is connected between the first mounting plate 71 and the second mounting plate 72. When fluid is injected into the annular channel, the balloon 1 expands, the distance between the first mounting plate 71 and the second mounting plate 72 increases, and the first spring 78 is stretched. Simultaneously, the first support frame 75 and the second support frame 76 rotate to accommodate the change in the distance between the first mounting plate 71 and the second mounting plate 72. The tension of the first spring 78 on the electrode 5 offsets the pressure of the injected fluid on the electrode 5, reducing the radial pressure on the electrode 5. A first rotating seat 73 is mounted on the first mounting plate 71 , and an X-shaped first support frame 75 is connected to the first rotating seat 73 . A second rotating seat 74 is mounted on the second mounting plate 72 , and an X-shaped second support frame 76 is connected to the second rotating seat 74 .

[0027] The two support rods in the X-shaped first support frame 75 and the second support frame 76 are rotatably connected through a damping bearing, which can convert part of the pressure into a damping force.

[0028] A rotating shaft 77 is connected between the bottom of the first support frame 75 and the top of the second support frame 76 to ensure the stability of the first support frame 75 and the second support frame 76 during tension or compression deformation.

[0029] The second support mechanism 8 includes a fixed block 81 obliquely mounted on the carrier 2. Mounting seats 83 are mounted on the outer walls of two adjacent circles of electrodes 5. A second spring 82 is connected between the fixed block 81 and the mounting seats 83. The injected fluid also exerts axial pressure on the electrodes 5. The second spring 82 converts this pressure into elastic force, reducing stress on the electrodes 5.

[0030] The electrode 5 includes an insulating wire 51 , an electrode wire 53 is provided inside the insulating wire 51 , and an opening 52 is formed on the outer skin of the insulating wire 51 .

[0031] The separated portions of the electrode wires 53 are exposed to the saline in the balloon, and each opening 52 forms a shock wave source.

[0032] During use, fluid is introduced into the annular channel to inflate the balloon 1. The internal pressure of the annular channel increases, causing the balloon 1 to expand / dilerate. The injected fluid exerts pressure on the electrode 5, causing stress on the electrode 5. The first supporting mechanism 7 and the second supporting mechanism 8 can alleviate the stress problem of the electrode 5. As the balloon 1 expands, the distance between the first mounting plate 71 and the second mounting plate 72 increases, and the first spring 78 is stretched. At the same time, the first support frame 75 and the second support frame 76 rotate to adapt to the change in the distance between the first mounting plate 71 and the second mounting plate 72. The pulling force of the first spring 78 on the electrode 5 and the pressure of the filled fluid on the electrode 5 are offset, thereby reducing the radial pressure on the electrode 5. At the same time, the filled fluid will also cause axial pressure on the electrode 5 , and the second spring 82 can convert the pressure into elastic force to reduce the stress of the electrode 5 .

[0033] Furthermore, an arc is generated when high voltage is applied between electrode 5 and counter electrode 6. Electrodes 5 and 6 are connected to a high-voltage pulse source 3 via connector 4. These electrodes are made of metal and spaced apart to produce a repeatable arc. This arc generates a shock wave in the fluid, which is transmitted by the high-voltage pulse source 3, generating a controllable shock wave flow along the longitudinal length of balloon 1 and within the treated artery. Balloon 1 can be filled with water or saline to anchor it to the arterial wall and may contain an X-ray contrast agent for fluoroscopic observation. Physicians can adjust the shock wave energy as needed to break up calcified plaques. Energy is then transmitted to the lesion to break up hardened plaques without applying excessive pressure to the arterial wall. The voltage required to generate the arc depends on the electrode gap, typically ranging from 100 to 3000 volts. The pulse duration depends on the electrode surface area and must be sufficient to generate bubbles, causing the current plasma arc to jump, generating bubbles that rapidly expand and collapse, and forming the shock wave. The pulse duration is adjustable, and shock waves can be as short as a few microseconds.

[0034] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Spring electrode shock waveguide tube, characterized by: The invention comprises an elongated carrier (2) and a balloon (1) sealedly sleeved on the outer wall of the carrier (2); the space formed between the balloon (1) and the carrier (2) is an annular channel for fluid to enter and achieve inflation; the interior of the annular channel is provided with an electrode (5) with a spring-type spiral structure wound on the outer wall of the carrier (2); the outer wall of the carrier (2) is also provided with a second support mechanism (8) connected between two adjacent circles of electrodes (5) and providing an axial support force for the electrodes (5); the inner wall of the balloon (1) and the outer wall of the electrodes (5) are connected with a first support mechanism (7) providing a radial support force for the electrodes (5).

2. The spring electrode shock waveguide tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balloon (1) comprises a main deformation portion (11) located in the middle, and buffer portions (12) connected to both ends of the main deformation portion (11), wherein one end of each of the two buffer portions (12) is connected to a first connection portion (13) and a second connection portion (14), respectively.

3. The spring electrode shock waveguide tube according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main deformation portion (11) is configured as a cylinder, the buffer portion (12) is configured as a truncated cone, the first connecting portion (13) and the second connecting portion (14) are also configured as cylinders, and the inner diameter of the first connecting portion (13) is greater than the inner diameter of the second connecting portion (14).

4. The spring electrode shock waveguide tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a high-voltage pulse source (3), and a counter electrode (6) is provided inside the annular channel. The electrode (5) and the counter electrode (6) are connected to the high-voltage pulse source (3) via a connector (4).

5. The spring electrode shock waveguide tube according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrode (5) is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage pulse source (3), and the counter electrode (6) is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse source (3).

6. The spring electrode shock waveguide tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first supporting mechanism (7) comprises a first mounting plate (71) mounted on the inner wall of the balloon (1) and a second mounting plate (72) mounted on the outer wall of the electrode (5), wherein a first spring (78) is connected between the first mounting plate (71) and the second mounting plate (72).

7. The spring electrode shock waveguide tube according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first rotating seat (73) is mounted on the first mounting plate (71), and an X-shaped first support frame (75) is connected to the first rotating seat (73). A second rotating seat (74) is mounted on the second mounting plate (72), and an X-shaped second support frame (76) is connected to the second rotating seat (74).

8. The spring electrode shock waveguide tube according to claim 7, characterized in that: A rotating shaft (77) is connected between the bottom of the first support frame (75) and the top of the second support frame (76).

9. The spring electrode shock waveguide tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second supporting mechanism (8) comprises a fixing block (81) obliquely mounted on the carrier (2), a mounting seat (83) is mounted on the outer walls of two adjacent circles of the electrode (5), and a second spring (82) is connected between the fixing block (81) and the mounting seat (83).

10. The spring electrode shock waveguide tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode (5) comprises an insulating wire (51), an electrode wire (53) is provided inside the insulating wire (51), and an opening (52) is provided on the outer skin of the insulating wire (51).

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