Multi-module fuel cell teaching system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy teaching experiment equipment, in particular to a multi-module fuel cell teaching system, which integrates photovoltaic power generation, electrolytic hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, fuel cell power supply and load operation function modules through a fuel cell system, and combines teaching control, fault injection and point location measurement, so as to realize the multi-module fuel cell teaching. Full-link teaching simulation of the fuel cell is comprehensively achieved, the technical blank that an existing teaching system is low in system integration degree, poor in interactivity and insufficient in diagnosis training is filled, and the fuel cell full-link teaching simulation system has remarkable teaching practical training value and system innovation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy teaching experimental equipment, in particular to a multi-module fuel cell teaching system. Background Art

[0002] As the global energy mix shifts toward low-carbon, renewable energy, hydrogen, as a secondary energy carrier, is becoming an increasingly important component of the future energy system due to its cleanliness, efficiency, and storability. Currently, hydrogen is primarily produced through electrolysis of water driven by renewable energy. After storage, it provides energy for fuel cell systems, thus achieving an electricity-to-hydrogen-to-electricity or electricity-to-hydrogen-to-heat energy conversion pathway. Photovoltaic power generation, hydrogen electrolysis, hydrogen storage, and fuel cell technologies have all achieved significant progress in industries such as industry, transportation, and distributed energy.

[0003] Existing hydrogen energy and fuel cell teaching systems are mostly single-function modules, such as a separate PEM fuel cell teaching platform or a single alkaline electrolyzer experimental setup. These systems have low system integration and lack comprehensive teaching support for multiple hydrogen production methods (e.g., PEM, AEM, and alkaline electrolysis). Furthermore, existing equipment generally lacks systematic comparative experiments for various hydrogen storage forms (gaseous, solid, and liquid), failing to meet the demand for modular, scalable, and highly interactive teaching in modern hydrogen energy technology education. Furthermore, existing teaching equipment is largely limited to static experimental demonstrations and lacks the ability to simulate and interactively teach the dynamic behavior of energy systems (e.g., load changes, environmental impacts, and system failures). Newer teaching methods such as fault injection, energy flow visualization, and virtual reality-assisted teaching have not yet been effectively integrated, limiting students' understanding and development of the operating mechanisms and diagnostic capabilities of hydrogen energy systems.

[0004] In the existing technology, although there are some fuel cell teaching devices, such as the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN107731070A, entitled "A Fuel Cell Teaching Instrument," while it can provide a relatively intuitive understanding of the working principle of fuel cells and record and analyze performance changes, it cannot demonstrate the hydrogen production capability and active fault injection, which are key technologies, making its functional modules somewhat single and insufficient. For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN115939469A, entitled "An Integrated Renewable Fuel Cell System for Cogeneration of Heat and Power," although it has the ability to demonstrate the hydrogen electrolysis steps, lacks good visualization and data recording functions, which in turn affects other teaching content such as comparison, experimentation, simulation, and interaction, resulting in significant limitations in its learning effect.

[0005] Based on the above reasons, the present invention designs a multi-module fuel cell teaching system to form a modular, scalable, programmable and interactive teaching platform, which realizes the teaching and practice of multi-route hydrogen energy system efficiency optimization, filling the technical gaps of the existing teaching system with low system integration, poor interactivity and insufficient diagnostic training, and has significant teaching and training value and system innovation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a multi-module fuel cell teaching system to form a modular, scalable, programmable and interactive teaching platform to realize the teaching and practice of multi-route hydrogen energy system efficiency optimization, filling the technical gaps of the existing teaching system with low system integration, poor interactivity and insufficient diagnostic training, and having significant teaching and training value and system innovation.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a multi-module fuel cell teaching system, including a fuel cell system, the fuel cell system including independent and modular photovoltaic power generation modules, multiple electrolysis hydrogen production modules, a polymorphic hydrogen storage module, a fuel cell stack, a DC-DC boost module and a load module, the fuel cell system is respectively connected to independent and modular measurement points, a teaching control panel and a fault injection, the teaching control panel is respectively connected to the measurement points and the fault injection, the photovoltaic power generation module supplies energy to the multiple electrolysis hydrogen production modules, the multiple electrolysis hydrogen production modules provide hydrogen to the polymorphic hydrogen storage module, the polymorphic hydrogen storage module provides hydrogen to the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack provides electrical energy to the DC-DC boost module, and the DC-DC boost module supplies energy to the load module; The fuel cell system includes a built-in energy management control circuit, which is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, multiple electrolysis hydrogen production modules, multi-state hydrogen storage module, fuel cell stack, DC-DC boost module and load module for automatic scheduling of photovoltaic power generation, hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, fuel cell power generation and load power distribution; The teaching control panel includes a fault injection circuit for introducing a break, short circuit, signal drift or other faults in a signal path or power loop; The measurement points include multi-point circuits, which are used to realize real-time detection and upload of voltage, current, gas flow, pressure and temperature through multi-channel acquisition cards.

[0008] The polymorphic hydrogen storage module includes a gaseous hydrogen storage bottle and a solid-state hydrogen storage bottle. The output ends of the gaseous hydrogen storage bottle and the solid-state hydrogen storage bottle are respectively connected to a hydrogen filter, a medium pressure sensor, a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve, a proportional valve, a hydrogen pressure sensor and a hydrogen inlet temperature sensor in sequence, and then connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack. The pipeline between the proportional valve and the hydrogen pressure sensor is connected to a pressure relief valve and then connected to the input end of the polymorphic hydrogen storage module. The output end of the fuel cell stack is connected to the hydrogen discharge valve and then connected to the input end of the polymorphic hydrogen storage module. The output end of the fuel cell stack is connected to the rear throttle and then connected to the input end of the polymorphic hydrogen storage module after passing through a humidifier. The output end of the polymorphic hydrogen storage module is connected to the input end of the air compressor, and the air compressor is connected to the input end of the intercooler. The output end of the intercooler is connected to the input end of the humidifier and the input end of the radiator respectively. The output end of the humidifier is connected to the front throttle, the air inlet pressure sensor and the air temperature sensor in sequence and then connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack. The output end of the radiator is connected to the input end of the water tank. The output end of the water tank is connected to the circulating water pump, the particulate filter, the deionizer, the water inlet pressure sensor and the water inlet temperature sensor in sequence and then connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack. The output end of the fuel cell stack is connected to the water outlet temperature sensor and the electronic thermostat in sequence and then connected to the input end of the polymorphic hydrogen storage module; the external air is connected to the air filter and the air flow meter in sequence and then connected to the input end of the air compressor.

[0009] Various electrolysis hydrogen production modules include anion exchange membrane battery AEM, proton exchange membrane battery PEM and alkaline electrolysis modules.

[0010] A variety of electrolysis hydrogen production modules adopt modular design, and the three modules have magnetic or quick-plug interfaces.

[0011] The load module includes the mobile load of the vehicle model, the fixed load of the microgrid power station model and the combined heat and power model.

[0012] Fault injection simulates hydrogen pipeline blockage, proton membrane damage, catalyst deactivation and other real system faults and generates fault codes for diagnostic training in teaching.

[0013] The measurement points provide real-time collection locations for voltage, current, gas flow, pressure, temperature and other key parameters, facilitating students' experimental measurements and data analysis. The collection locations are distributed at the input and output ends of photovoltaic power generation modules, various electrolysis hydrogen production modules, polymorphic hydrogen storage modules, fuel cell stacks, DC-DC boost modules and load modules, and support extended access to external collection devices.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Modular design supports flexible switching of multiple technology routes: The present invention adopts a modular structural design. Each functional unit, such as the electrolysis hydrogen production module, hydrogen storage module and load module, can be independently replaced and combined. It supports interchangeable teaching and comparative experiments of different technical routes (such as PEM, AEM, alkaline electrolysis, etc.), significantly improving teaching flexibility and scalability to meet the needs of different disciplines and experiments.

[0015] (2) Fault injection and diagnostic training functions: This system has an innovative fault injection unit that can introduce controllable faults such as leakage, blockage, circuit breakage, membrane damage, etc. at key nodes such as the electrolyzer, hydrogen storage pipeline, and fuel cell module. It also guides students to conduct fault diagnosis and troubleshooting training through measurement data and teaching interfaces, thereby strengthening their practical skills and improving teaching and training effects.

[0016] (3) Realize simulation and teaching of hydrogen energy full-link system: The system of the present invention covers the complete hydrogen energy chain from photovoltaic power generation, electrolysis hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, fuel cell power generation to terminal load application, realizing system cascade simulation of energy flow, gas flow and electrical signals, helping students to understand the operating mechanism and energy conversion path of the hydrogen energy system from a holistic perspective, breaking through the limitation of existing teaching devices that only cover part of the links.

[0017] (4) Rich measurement points to support data collection and analysis: This system sets up multiple real-time measurement points in the hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, fuel cell and load modules, including parameters such as voltage, current, pressure, gas flow and temperature. It supports comprehensive monitoring and data collection of the system's operating status, provides an analysis and training platform based on experimental data for teaching, and improves students' data analysis and engineering application capabilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the multi-module fuel cell teaching system of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the fuel cell system architecture of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1 proportional valve, 2 hydrogen inlet solenoid valve, 3 medium pressure sensor, 4 hydrogen filter, 5 hydrogen exhaust valve, 6 pressure relief valve, 7 rear throttle, 8 humidifier, 9 multi-state hydrogen storage module, 10 intercooler, 11 air compressor, 12 air flow meter, 13 air filter, 14 radiator, 15 gaseous hydrogen storage bottle, 16 solid-state hydrogen storage bottle, 17 electronic thermostat, 18 hydrogen pressure sensor, 19 hydrogen inlet temperature sensor, 20 fuel cell stack, 21 air temperature sensor, 22 air inlet pressure sensor, 23 front throttle, 24 water tank, 25 circulating water pump, 26 water inlet temperature sensor, 27 water inlet pressure sensor, 28 deionizer, 29 water outlet temperature sensor, 30 particulate filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] See also Figures 1-2 The present invention provides a multi-module fuel cell teaching system, including a fuel cell system, which includes independent and modular photovoltaic power generation modules, multiple electrolysis hydrogen production modules, a polymorphic hydrogen storage module 9, a fuel cell stack 20, a DC-DC boost module and a load module. The fuel cell system is respectively communicated with independent and modular measurement points, teaching control panels and fault injection, and the teaching control panel is respectively communicated with the measurement points and fault injection. The photovoltaic power generation module supplies energy to the multiple electrolysis hydrogen production modules, the multiple electrolysis hydrogen production modules provide hydrogen to the polymorphic hydrogen storage module, the polymorphic hydrogen storage module provides hydrogen to the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack provides electricity to the DC-DC boost module, and the DC-DC boost module supplies energy to the load module; each module adopts a standardized modular shell with a magnetic or quick-plug interface, which is convenient for teachers and students to quickly replace and combine different teaching configurations.

[0023] The photovoltaic power generation module converts solar energy into DC electricity, powering the system's electrolytic hydrogen production unit and achieving renewable energy drive. It supports external sunlight simulation devices, enabling demonstration of power generation efficiency under various weather conditions.

[0024] A variety of electrolysis modules are available for water electrolysis hydrogen production, supporting interchangeable teaching demonstrations for three technology routes: AEM (anion exchange membrane), PEM (proton exchange membrane), and alkaline electrolysis. The modular design allows for convenient replacement of each electrolysis module via magnetic or quick-connect interfaces.

[0025] The multi-state hydrogen storage module 9 stores hydrogen and includes a high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage tank and a metal hydride solid hydrogen storage tank. It is equipped with a high-pressure gas cylinder mechanism, a metal hydride storage tank, a safety valve, and a pressure regulator. This allows for comparative experiments on the capacity, pressure, and efficiency of different hydrogen storage technologies during teaching.

[0026] The fuel cell stack 20 uses a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFCS) to react the stored hydrogen with oxygen in the air to generate electrical energy, and then supplies the system load after boosting the voltage through DC-DC.

[0027] The load module simulates the external energy supply process of a hydrogen power generation system, including a vehicle model (mobile load), a microgrid power station model (fixed load), and a combined heat and power model (electricity + heat output). Load types can be switched with one click, making it easy to compare the impact of different loads on system performance.

[0028] Fault injection: The system can simulate real system faults such as hydrogen pipeline blockage, proton membrane damage, and catalyst deactivation, and generate fault codes for diagnostic training in teaching.

[0029] Measurement Points: The system provides real-time data collection points for key parameters such as voltage, current, gas flow, pressure, and temperature, facilitating student experimental measurements and data analysis. Measurement points are located at the input and output terminals of each module and support expansion and access to external data collection devices.

[0030] Teaching Control Panel: This system centrally displays and controls the operating status of each system module, enabling data acquisition, parameter adjustment, and fault injection. It supports energy flow visualization, historical data curves, and teaching animations.

[0031] In addition, the present invention also includes a virtual reality teaching interface: through AR / VR equipment, it assists in teaching and demonstrating the internal working principles and energy flow process of the system, has dynamic interactive functions, and enhances the teaching experience.

[0032] The fuel cell system includes a built-in energy management control circuit, which is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, multiple electrolysis hydrogen production modules, multi-state hydrogen storage module 9, fuel cell stack 20, DC-DC boost module and load module for automatic scheduling of photovoltaic power generation, hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, fuel cell power generation and load power distribution; The teaching control panel includes a fault injection circuit for introducing a break, short circuit, signal drift or other faults in a signal path or power loop; The measurement points include multi-point circuits, which are used to realize real-time detection and upload of voltage, current, gas flow, pressure and temperature through multi-channel acquisition cards.

[0033] The polymorphic hydrogen storage module 9 includes a gaseous hydrogen storage bottle 15 and a solid-state hydrogen storage bottle 16. The output ends of the gaseous hydrogen storage bottle 15 and the solid-state hydrogen storage bottle 16 are respectively connected to a hydrogen filter 4, a medium pressure sensor 3, a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 2, a proportional valve 1, a hydrogen pressure sensor 18 and a hydrogen inlet temperature sensor 19 in sequence, and then connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack 20. The pipeline between the proportional valve 1 and the hydrogen pressure sensor 18 is connected to a pressure relief valve 6 and then connected to the input end of the polymorphic hydrogen storage module 9. The output end of the fuel cell stack 20 is connected to the hydrogen discharge valve 5 and then connected to the input end of the polymorphic hydrogen storage module 9. The output end of the fuel cell stack 20 is connected to the rear throttle valve 7 and then connected to the input end of the polymorphic hydrogen storage module 9 after passing through the humidifier 8. The output end of the polymorphic hydrogen storage module 9 is connected to the input end of the air compressor 11, and the air compressor 11 is connected to the input end of the intercooler 10. The output end of the cooler 10 is connected to the input end of the humidifier 8 and the input end of the radiator 14 respectively. The output end of the humidifier 8 is connected to the front throttle 23, the air inlet pressure sensor 22 and the air temperature sensor 21 in sequence and then connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack 20. The output end of the radiator 14 is connected to the input end of the water tank 24. The output end of the water tank 24 is connected to the circulating water pump 25, the particulate filter 30, the deionizer 28, the water inlet pressure sensor 27 and the water inlet temperature sensor 26 in sequence and then connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack 20. The output end of the fuel cell stack 20 is connected to the water outlet temperature sensor 29 and the electronic thermostat 17 in sequence and then connected to the input end of the polymorphic hydrogen storage module 9; the external air is connected to the air filter 13 and the air flow meter 12 in sequence and then connected to the input end of the air compressor 11.

[0034] Various electrolysis hydrogen production modules include anion exchange membrane battery AEM, proton exchange membrane battery PEM and alkaline electrolysis modules.

[0035] A variety of electrolysis hydrogen production modules adopt modular design, and the three modules have magnetic or quick-plug interfaces.

[0036] The load module includes the mobile load of the vehicle model, the fixed load of the microgrid power station model and the combined heat and power model.

[0037] Fault injection simulates hydrogen pipeline blockage, proton membrane damage, catalyst deactivation and other real system faults and generates fault codes for diagnostic training in teaching.

[0038] The measurement points provide real-time collection sites for voltage, current, gas flow, pressure, temperature and other key parameters, which are convenient for students' experimental measurements and data analysis; the collection sites are distributed at the input and output ends of the photovoltaic power generation module, various electrolysis hydrogen production modules, polymorphic hydrogen storage module 9, fuel cell stack 20, DC-DC boost module and load module, and support extended access to external collection equipment.

[0039] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are intended to help understand the method and core concept of this application. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions based on the concept of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The present invention comprehensively solves the shortcomings of the fuel cell teaching devices in the existing technology, such as the limited functions, lack of dynamic display capabilities, and deficiencies in data collection and fault simulation. By integrating photovoltaic power generation, electrolysis hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, fuel cell power supply and load operation function modules into the fuel cell system, and combining teaching control, fault injection and measurement points, the full-link teaching simulation of fuel cells is comprehensively realized, filling the technical gaps of the existing teaching systems with low system integration, poor interactivity and insufficient diagnostic training, and has significant teaching and training value and system innovation.

Claims

1. A multi-module fuel cell teaching equipment, including a fuel cell system, characterized in that: The fuel cell system comprises a photovoltaic power generation module that is independent and modular, a plurality of electrolysis hydrogen production modules, a polymorphic hydrogen storage module (9), a fuel cell stack (20), a DC-DC boost module and a load module, the fuel cell system is respectively connected to and communicates with a measurement point, a teaching control panel and a fault injection that are independent and modular, the teaching control panel is respectively connected to and communicates with the measurement point and the fault injection, the photovoltaic power generation module supplies energy to the plurality of electrolysis hydrogen production modules, the plurality of electrolysis hydrogen production modules provide hydrogen to the polymorphic hydrogen storage module, the polymorphic hydrogen storage module provides hydrogen to the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack provides electrical energy to the DC-DC boost module, and the DC-DC boost module supplies energy to the load module; The fuel cell system includes a built-in energy management control circuit, the energy management control circuit is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, the multiple electrolysis hydrogen production modules, the polymorphic hydrogen storage module (9), the fuel cell stack (20), the DC-DC boost module and the load module, and is used for automatic scheduling of photovoltaic power generation, hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, fuel cell power generation and load power distribution; The teaching control panel includes a fault injection circuit for introducing a break, short circuit, signal drift or other faults in a signal path or a power supply loop; The measuring points include multi-measuring point circuits for realizing real-time detection and uploading of voltage, current, gas flow, pressure and temperature through a multi-channel acquisition card.

2. The multi-module fuel cell teaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-state hydrogen storage module (9) comprises a gaseous hydrogen storage bottle (15) and a solid hydrogen storage bottle (16), the output ends of the gaseous hydrogen storage bottle (15) and the solid hydrogen storage bottle (16) are respectively connected in sequence to a hydrogen filter (4), a medium pressure sensor (3), a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve (2), a proportional valve (1), a hydrogen pressure sensor (18) and a hydrogen inlet temperature sensor (19), and then connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack (20), and the pipeline between the proportional valve (1) and the hydrogen pressure sensor (18) is connected to a pressure relief valve. The output end of the fuel cell stack (20) is connected to the input end of the multi-state hydrogen storage module (9) after being connected to the hydrogen exhaust valve (5), the output end of the fuel cell stack (20) is connected to the rear throttle valve (7) and then connected to the input end of the multi-state hydrogen storage module (9) after passing through the humidifier (8), the output end of the multi-state hydrogen storage module (9) is connected to the input end of the air compressor (11), and the air compressor (11) is connected to the input end of the intercooler (10). The output end of the intercooler (10) is connected to the input end of the humidifier (8) and the input end of the radiator (14), respectively. The output end of the humidifier (8) is connected to the front throttle valve (23), the air intake pressure sensor (22) and the air temperature sensor (21) in sequence, and then connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack (20). The output end of the radiator (14) is connected to the input end of the water tank (24), and the output end of the water tank (24) is connected to the circulating water pump (25), The particle filter (30), the deionizer (28), the water inlet pressure sensor (27) and the water inlet temperature sensor (26) are connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack (20); the output end of the fuel cell stack (20) is connected to the water outlet temperature sensor (29) and the electronic thermostat (17) in sequence and then connected to the input end of the polymorphic hydrogen storage module (9); the external air is connected to the air filter (13) and the air flow meter (12) in sequence and then connected to the input end of the air compressor (11).

3. The multi-module fuel cell teaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple electrolysis hydrogen production modules include three modules: anion exchange membrane battery AEM, proton exchange membrane battery PEM and alkaline electrolysis.

4. The multi-module fuel cell teaching equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The various electrolysis hydrogen production modules adopt a modular design, and the three modules are connected through magnetic or quick-plug interfaces.

5. The multi-module fuel cell teaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load module includes a vehicle model mobile load, a microgrid power station model fixed load and a combined heat and power model.

6. The multi-module fuel cell teaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fault injection simulates hydrogen pipeline blockage, proton membrane damage, catalyst deactivation and other real system faults and generates fault codes for diagnostic training in teaching.

7. The multi-module fuel cell teaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measurement points provide real-time acquisition sites for voltage, current, gas flow, pressure, temperature and other key parameters, which are convenient for students' experimental measurement and data analysis; the acquisition sites are distributed at the input and output ends of the photovoltaic power generation module, the multiple electrolysis hydrogen production modules, the polymorphic hydrogen storage module (9), the fuel cell stack (20), the DC-DC boost module and the load module, and support extended access to external acquisition equipment.

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