Method for recovering energy of gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging battery adaptive to high and cold regions and gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging balancing weight

Abstract

The invention provides a gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging battery energy recovery method and a gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging balancing weight adaptive to a high and cold region, and belongs to the technical field of energy recovery. The gravity energy storage-heat direct charging balancing weight comprises a balancing weight part and a temperature difference energy storage part. The energy recovery method comprises the following steps that an alpine region with the altitude difference is selected, and the height difference between a low-altitude site and a high-altitude site is 1000-2000 m; constructing a gravity energy storage system, wherein the gravity energy storage system comprises a gravity energy storage unit, a weight shell-thermal direct charging battery unit, a temperature monitoring system and a control system; and the gravity energy storage system is operated, and energy loss in the gravity energy storage process is compensated. Characteristics of a specific natural environment and an altitude temperature difference effect are fully utilized, heat is absorbed or released and converted into electric energy by utilizing environment temperature difference through the hot direct charging battery, the remarkable efficiency advantage is achieved, and energy loss of a traditional gravity energy storage system is balanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy recovery technology, and in particular to a gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging battery energy recovery method and a gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging counterweight block adapted to high-altitude cold regions. Background Art

[0002] With the growing global demand for renewable energy, the development and application of energy storage technology has become key. Wind energy, solar energy, etc. are intermittent and unpredictable (such as sudden changes in wind speed and alternation between day and night). Direct grid connection will cause grid frequency fluctuations or even collapse. Converting renewable energy such as wind energy into gravitational potential energy and then into electrical energy is essentially a solution to the intermittent and volatile problems of renewable energy through energy storage technology, while leveraging the unique advantages of gravity energy storage to achieve more efficient and sustainable energy management. Gravity energy storage technology has gradually attracted attention due to its green, environmentally friendly and low-cost characteristics. It converts electrical energy into gravitational potential energy by lifting and lowering heavy objects, and then releases the heavy objects when electricity is needed to convert the gravitational potential energy into electrical energy.

[0003] However, the existing gravity energy storage system still has bottlenecks in energy conversion efficiency, which is mainly reflected in the energy loss caused by wind resistance, friction, etc. in the process of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problems of excessive energy loss and low energy storage efficiency in the existing gravity energy storage system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging battery energy recovery method and a gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging counterweight block suitable for high-altitude and cold regions. The present invention combines the thermal direct charging battery with the gravity energy storage system, so that the potential for thermal energy utilization and energy storage efficiency optimization can be fully tapped. By dynamically utilizing the temperature difference characteristics to optimize the energy conversion process, the current weight energy storage system is improved to balance the energy loss of the traditional gravity energy storage system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging counterweight block, comprising a counterweight part and a temperature difference energy storage part.

[0007] Preferably, the counterweight portion is a weight housing;

[0008] The material of the heavy object shell includes but is not limited to concrete, stone, and metal, which have no obvious effect on temperature transmission.

[0009] Preferably, the temperature difference energy storage part is placed inside the heavy object shell; the temperature difference energy storage part includes a thermal direct charging battery.

[0010] Preferably, the thermal direct charging battery can be any temperature difference battery, as long as the temperature difference battery meets the operating range of -30°C to 50°C.

[0011] Further preferably, the positive electrode of the thermal direct charging battery is a mixed material of lithium iron phosphate and activated carbon in a mass ratio of 7:3;

[0012] The negative electrode is a mixed material of niobium oxide, graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes in a mass ratio of 7:0.6:2.4;

[0013] The electrolyte is lithium hexafluorophosphate electrolyte.

[0014] Further preferably, the gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging counterweight block also includes a connecting device for connecting and fixing with the lifting cable.

[0015] Further preferably, the weight of the gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging counterweight block is 1000-2000kg.

[0016] The gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging counterweight block in the present invention can be applied to the existing gravity energy storage system, and only the counterweight block needs to be replaced.

[0017] The present invention also provides a gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging battery energy recovery method adapted for high-altitude cold regions, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. Select an alpine region with a high altitude difference, with the height difference between low and high altitude sites being 1000-2000 meters;

[0019] S2. Constructing a gravity energy storage system, the gravity energy storage system includes a gravity energy storage unit, a heavy housing - a thermal direct charge battery unit, a temperature monitoring system and a control system;

[0020] The weight housing-thermal direct charging battery unit includes the gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging counterweight block according to any one of claims 1 to 3;

[0021] S3. Operate the gravity energy storage system to charge the heavy object shell-thermal direct charging battery unit at a low altitude and discharge the heavy object shell-thermal direct charging battery unit at a high altitude; the electrical energy generated by the heavy object shell-thermal direct charging battery unit can be converted into gravitational potential energy and compensate for the energy loss in the gravity energy storage process.

[0022] Preferably, the temperature difference between the low altitude location and the high altitude location in S1 is 10-20°C.

[0023] There is usually a large altitude difference in the weight energy storage system. The altitude difference in a specific area will cause a certain temperature difference. The present invention converts the chemical energy of the thermal direct charging battery into electrical energy by utilizing the temperature difference.

[0024] Preferably, the gravity energy storage unit in S2 includes a lower reservoir for warm energy storage at a low altitude and an upper reservoir for cold energy storage at a high altitude.

[0025] Preferably, the heavy object housing-thermal direct charging battery unit in S2 further includes a discharge connection device.

[0026] The present invention collects electrical energy from thermal energy storage batteries by charging in a lower warm energy storage reservoir at a low altitude and then discharging in an upper cold energy storage reservoir at a high altitude. When the heavy object shell-thermal direct charging battery unit runs to the energy storage reservoir, the counterweight block is removed and then discharged through a discharge connection device. After the discharge is completed, the counterweight block is reinstalled to make the counterweight block descend and drive the generator to convert the gravitational potential energy into electrical energy.

[0027] Preferably, the temperature monitoring system in S2 is used to monitor the temperature difference in the energy storage area in real time and feed back the temperature data to the control system.

[0028] Preferably, the control system in S2 optimizes the charging and discharging process of the thermal direct charging battery according to the temperature data of the temperature monitoring system, and adjusts the energy storage and release operations according to the lifting state of the heavy object.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] This invention leverages the unique characteristics of a specific natural environment, specifically the effect of temperature differences at altitude. Using direct-heat batteries, the system absorbs or releases heat from ambient temperature differences and converts it into electricity, offering significant efficiency advantages. Combining direct-heat batteries with gravity energy storage systems fully exploits the potential for optimizing thermal energy utilization and storage efficiency. By dynamically utilizing temperature differences to optimize the energy conversion process, it improves upon existing gravity energy storage systems and balances the energy losses of traditional gravity energy storage systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the heavy object shell-hot direct charging battery unit structure.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a hot direct charging battery.

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the gravity energy storage system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] It should be understood that the terms described herein are intended only to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for numerical ranges herein, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between any intermediate value within a stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range is also encompassed by the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded within the scope.

[0036] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated document, the contents of this specification shall prevail.

[0037] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the present invention. The present description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.

[0038] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0039] Example

[0040] Heavy object housing - hot direct charging battery unit such as Figure 1 As shown, a single unit is a cube with a volume of 1 cubic meter and a length, width and height of 1 meter. The weight shell is made of inexpensive concrete. The thermal direct charging battery array is arranged inside the concrete weight shell, as shown in the front of the schematic diagram. The thermal direct charging battery array arranged on the front is 5 cm away from the front outer surface of the concrete shell. Thermal direct charging batteries are arranged on all six sides of the concrete cube, and the structure and relative position with the concrete shell are the same as the front. The mass of the concrete shell in each weight shell-thermal direct charging battery unit is 2000 kg, and the total mass of the thermal direct charging batteries inside the concrete shell is about 200 kg. The mass of each cubic meter of concrete is 2200-2400 kg depending on its cement content, so the volume of a 2000 kg cement shell is about 0.85 cubic meters. Therefore, the total volume of the thermal direct charging batteries in a single weight shell-thermal direct charging battery unit is about 0.15 cubic meters.

[0041] Hot direct charging battery Figure 2The thermal direct-charge battery includes positive and negative electrodes; an electrolyte is filled between the positive and negative electrodes. The positive electrode is a mixture of lithium iron phosphate and activated carbon (lithium iron phosphate to activated carbon mass ratio = 7:3), the negative electrode is a mixture of niobium oxide, graphene oxide, and carbon nanotubes (niobium oxide, graphene oxide, and carbon nanotubes mass ratio = 7:0.6:2.4), and the electrolyte is lithium hexafluorophosphate. Before thermal charging, the thermal direct-charge battery is activated by cyclic charge and discharge. The activated battery can then be thermally charged. The upper side of the heavy object housing-thermal direct-charge battery unit housing is connected to the lifting cable, and the lower side of the housing contacts the upper and lower energy storage reservoirs to transmit current. A temperature monitoring device is connected to the lower and upper energy storage reservoirs, as well as the heavy object housing-thermal direct-charge battery unit.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, a high-altitude area with an altitude difference is selected, and the height difference between low-altitude locations and high-altitude locations is 2000 meters; in the vertical temperature gradient, the temperature drops by 1 degree Celsius for every 100-meter increase in altitude. The 2000-meter height difference between the upper energy storage reservoir and the lower energy storage reservoir can provide a temperature difference of 20 degrees Celsius.

[0043] A gravity energy storage system is constructed, comprising a gravity energy storage unit, a heavy object shell-thermal direct charging battery unit, a temperature monitoring system, and a control system. The number of heavy object shell-thermal direct charging battery units is set according to actual needs, and more units are activated when high-load energy storage is required. When the energy storage demand is low, some units can be activated to enhance the energy storage flexibility of the gravity energy storage power station. The embodiment uses 100 heavy object shell-thermal direct charging battery units.

[0044] The weight shell-thermal direct charging battery unit includes the gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging counterweight block described above; the motor drives the weight shell-thermal direct charging battery unit to rise and fall along the cable track, converting electrical energy into the gravitational potential energy of the weight and storing it. At the same time, the thermal direct charging battery in the weight shell can be charged and discharged according to the temperature difference, making full use of the temperature changes caused by the altitude difference during the lifting process. When the weight rises, the temperature gradually decreases, and the thermal direct charging battery begins to discharge to compensate for the power loss during the energy storage process; when the weight falls, the temperature rises, and the thermal direct charging battery begins to charge. In addition, the temperature monitoring device monitors the temperature difference in the energy storage area in real time, and feeds back the temperature data to the control system. The control system optimizes the charging and discharging process of the thermal direct charging battery based on these temperature data, and adjusts the energy storage and release operations according to the lifting state of the weight, further improving the efficiency of the system, effectively reducing energy loss, improving the overall energy efficiency of the gravity energy storage system, and making full use of the temperature difference in the natural environment.

[0045] First, the direct thermal charging unit is placed in a low-altitude, warm energy storage facility. The higher temperature in the warm energy storage facility accelerates the slow, thermodynamically unbalanced chemical reaction in the positive electrode of the direct thermal charging battery, increasing the positive electrode voltage (thermovoltage) and completing the direct thermal charging process.

[0046] A temperature monitoring device is installed in the lower energy storage tank to monitor the temperature in the energy storage area in real time and transmit the temperature difference data to the control system. The control system estimates the charging time and charging status of the thermal direct charging unit according to the lifting state of the weight and the temperature difference change, and optimizes the charging and discharging process of the thermal direct charging battery. The thermal direct charging unit that has completed thermal direct charging can be transported. The weight shell-thermal direct charging battery unit is connected to the cable track. The electric generator set connected to the cable track drives the cable transmission, which in turn drives the weight shell-thermal direct charging battery unit connected to the cable from the warm energy storage lower tank to the cold energy storage upper tank. During the movement, the weight shell-thermal direct charging battery unit converts the electrical energy transmitted into gravitational potential energy. This is the energy storage process.

[0047] The heavy object shell - the hot direct charging battery unit is transported to the cold energy storage upper warehouse, the cable track is disconnected from the heavy object shell, and the hot direct charging unit is placed in the cold energy storage upper warehouse. The heavy object shell - the hot direct charging battery unit shell is in contact with the surface of the energy storage upper warehouse, and the shell and the energy storage upper warehouse are connected by a conductive connection device. The temperature of the cold energy storage upper warehouse is low, and the hot direct charging battery is no longer charged. The thermal voltage causes the lithium ions in the hot direct charging battery to be released from the negative electrode, and at the same time the negative electrode loses electrons, and the electrons flow to the positive electrode through the connected external circuit; the free lithium ions in the electrolyte and the lithium ions released from the negative electrode are embedded in the positive electrode, and at the same time the positive electrode obtains electrons flowing through the external circuit. This is the discharge process. In the cold energy storage upper warehouse, the hot direct charging unit discharges in a cold environment, and the electric energy released by the hot direct charging unit is used to compensate for the electric energy lost during the gravity energy storage process, thereby improving the overall operating efficiency of the system. After the direct thermal charging unit discharges in the upper cold energy storage tank, a cable track connects to the outer casing of the direct thermal charging unit. Gravity propels the unit from the upper storage tank to the lower storage tank. The cable track then drives the connected electric generator set to generate electricity, converting the gravitational potential energy of the heavy object into electrical energy. This is the energy release process. The energy storage and release processes repeat in a repetitive cycle.

[0048] The present invention provides a gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging battery energy recovery device that combines a thermal direct charging battery with a vertical temperature lapse rate. The system consists of a gravity energy storage unit, a thermal direct charging battery unit, a temperature monitoring device, and a control system. The gravity energy storage unit includes a motor and a lifting cable track. The electric generator set drives the weight up and down through the cable track to convert electrical energy into the gravitational potential energy of the weight. The thermal direct charging battery unit is charged and discharged through the temperature difference. When the weight rises, the temperature drops, and the thermal direct charging battery begins to discharge; when the weight falls, the temperature rises, and the thermal direct charging battery charges. The temperature monitoring device monitors the temperature in the energy storage area in real time and transmits the temperature difference data to the control system. The control system receives the temperature difference data and optimizes the charging and discharging process of the thermal direct charging battery according to the lifting state of the weight and the temperature difference change to improve the energy storage efficiency. During implementation, the control system ensures maximum energy recovery in the energy storage and release processes by adjusting the charging and discharging state in real time. In an embodiment, the temperature monitoring device includes a temperature sensor that can accurately monitor temperature changes in an area, and the control system automatically adjusts the charging and discharging process of the thermal direct charging battery according to real-time data to improve the overall operating efficiency of the system.

[0049] The energy compensation of the method of the present invention is calculated based on the current actual situation: the total mass of the heavy object shell and the thermal direct charging battery is about 2200kg. According to the actual energy density of gravity energy storage (energy storage efficiency is 85%), it is 5.98Wh / kg, and the gravity energy storage loss (loss 15%) is 0.89Wh / kg (2200kg). The actual energy density of the currently commonly used thermal direct charging battery using ambient temperature charging and discharging is 2Wh / kg (200kg), so the energy loss of gravity energy storage is 1958Wh, and the energy compensation of the thermal direct charging battery is 400Wh. Therefore, a certain compensation can be made for gravity energy storage, and a thermal direct charging battery can be selected based on cost to improve the compensation rate.

[0050] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gravity energy storage-heat direct charging counterweight, characterized in that: It includes a counterweight part and a temperature difference energy storage part.

2. The gravity energy storage-heat direct charging counterweight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight portion is a weight shell; The material of the heavy object shell includes but is not limited to concrete, stone, and metal, which have no obvious effect on temperature transmission.

3. The gravity energy storage-heat direct charging counterweight according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature difference energy storage part is placed inside the heavy object shell; the temperature difference energy storage part includes a thermal direct charging battery.

4. The gravity energy storage-heat direct charging counterweight according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positive electrode of the thermal direct charging battery is a mixed material of lithium iron phosphate and activated carbon in a mass ratio of 7:3; The negative electrode is a mixed material of niobium oxide, graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes in a mass ratio of 7:0.6:2.4; The electrolyte is lithium hexafluorophosphate electrolyte.

5. A gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging battery energy recovery method suitable for high-altitude cold regions, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Select an alpine region with a high altitude difference, with the height difference between low and high altitude sites being 1000-2000 meters; S2. Constructing a gravity energy storage system, the gravity energy storage system includes a gravity energy storage unit, a heavy housing - a thermal direct charge battery unit, a temperature monitoring system and a control system; The weight housing-thermal direct charging battery unit includes the gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging counterweight block according to any one of claims 1 to 3; S3. Operate the gravity energy storage system to charge the heavy object shell-thermal direct charging battery unit at a low altitude and discharge the heavy object shell-thermal direct charging battery unit at a high altitude; the electrical energy generated by the heavy object shell-thermal direct charging battery unit can be converted into gravitational potential energy and compensate for the energy loss in the gravity energy storage process.

6. The gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging battery energy recovery method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature difference between the low altitude location and the high altitude location in S1 is 10-20°C.

7. The gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging battery energy recovery method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gravity energy storage unit in S2 includes a lower reservoir for warm energy storage at a low altitude and an upper reservoir for cold energy storage at a high altitude.

8. The gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging battery energy recovery method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heavy object housing-thermal direct charging battery unit in S2 also includes a discharge connection device.

9. The gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging battery energy recovery method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature monitoring system in S2 is used to monitor the temperature difference in the energy storage area in real time and feed back the temperature data to the control system.

10. The gravity energy storage-thermal direct charging battery energy recovery method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control system in S2 optimizes the charging and discharging process of the thermal direct charging battery according to the temperature data of the temperature monitoring system, and adjusts the energy storage and release operations according to the lifting state of the heavy object.

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