Absorbent pad for garment and garment comprising absorbent pad

Abstract

The present disclosure relates generally to an absorbent pad (100) for use in an article of clothing (200) and an article of clothing (200) comprising the absorbent pad (100). The absorbent pad (100) comprises: a liquid impermeable barrier layer (120); a functional component (110) attached to the barrier layer (120); and a peripheral component (130) attached to a periphery of the functional component (110), at least a portion of the peripheral component (130) being liquid impermeable. The functional component (110) comprises: an absorbent layer (112) attached to the barrier layer (120), the absorbent layer (112) for absorbing liquid; and a wicking layer (114) attached to the absorbent layer (112), the wicking layer (114) being arranged to face a user's skin in use, the wicking layer (114) for transferring liquid to the absorbent layer (112). The wicking layer (114) and the absorbent layer (112) are attached at a plurality of discrete dots (116) therebetween to facilitate liquid transfer from the wicking layer (114) to the absorbent layer (112) via areas around the discrete dots (116).

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to Singapore Patent Application No. 10202260133X filed on November 18, 2022, Singapore Patent Application No. 10202260482Y filed on December 16, 2022, and Singapore Patent Application No. 10202301653W filed on June 12, 2023, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure generally relates to absorbent pads for garments and garments including the absorbent pads. More particularly, the present disclosure describes various embodiments of absorbent pads for use in garments, such as women's pants, and garments including the absorbent pads. Background Art

[0004] Absorbent garments, such as reusable and washable absorbent underwear, are worn to absorb bodily fluids. These include vaginal discharge, urine, menstrual blood, sweat, and breast milk. Many people experience involuntary discharge of bodily fluids, but few garments designed to absorb such discharges are both practical and comfortable for the wearer.

[0005] For example, during menstruation, women typically use tampons or sanitary pads in addition to their underwear to prevent their outer clothing from being stained by menstrual blood. Although tampons or pads typically absorb all fluid flow, accidental leakage may still occur. To avoid such leaks, they can instead choose to wear adult underwear, which provides a larger protective area and may be particularly useful for women experiencing heavy menstrual flow. Adult underwear may also be useful for people with urinary incontinence. However, adult underwear is often bulky and unsightly, making it difficult to conceal it under outer clothing, which may cause embarrassment to the user. Some disadvantages of wearing adult underwear and sanitary napkins include prolonged exposure to moisture, which may cause discomfort, irritation, dermatitis, and / or infection. In addition, pads / tampons may sometimes be placed improperly, and adult underwear may be wrapped too loosely, which can lead to leakage. In addition, these traditional products are often disposable, which means that the environmental and economic costs can be high.

[0006] The bulk of conventional products means that they do not allow users to comfortably wear low-coverage underwear. For example, absorbent pads must be placed in large, maximum-coverage underwear that is large enough to contain the absorbent pad, while diapers and absorbent underwear are often bulky and do not adequately address the user's incontinence. Therefore, people who prefer thong-style or low-rise bikini briefs are often forced to choose between wearing their preferred underwear (which may risk leaking onto their outer clothing) or wearing bulky and unsightly clothing that ensures that all leaks are contained.

[0007] Therefore, in order to solve or alleviate at least one of the aforementioned problems and / or disadvantages, there is a need to provide improved absorbent pads for use in garments and improved garments including the same. Summary of the Invention

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an absorbent pad for use in clothing. The absorbent pad comprises:

[0009] liquid-impermeable barrier layer;

[0010] a functional component attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the functional component comprising:

[0011] an absorbent layer attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the absorbent layer being adapted to absorb liquid; and

[0012] a wicking layer attached to the absorbent layer, the wicking layer being arranged to face the skin of a user during use, the wicking layer being configured to transfer liquid to the absorbent layer; and

[0013] a perimeter component attached to a perimeter of the functional component, at least a portion of the perimeter component being liquid impermeable,

[0014] wherein the wicking layer and the absorbent layer are attached at a plurality of discrete points therebetween to promote transfer of liquid from the wicking layer to the absorbent layer via areas surrounding the discrete points.

[0015] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a garment comprising: a fabric body; an absorbent pad attached to the fabric body; and a liquid-impermeable barrier layer as a part of the fabric body and / or a part of the absorbent pad. The absorbent pad comprises:

[0016] a functional component attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the functional component comprising:

[0017] an absorbent layer attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the absorbent layer being adapted to absorb liquid; and

[0018] a wicking layer attached to the absorbent layer, the wicking layer being arranged to face the skin of a user during use, the wicking layer being configured to transfer liquid to the absorbent layer; and

[0019] a perimeter component attached to a perimeter of the functional component, at least a portion of the perimeter component being liquid impermeable,

[0020] wherein the wicking layer and the absorbent layer are attached at a plurality of discrete points therebetween to promote transfer of liquid from the wicking layer to the absorbent layer via areas surrounding the plurality of discrete points.

[0021] Therefore, the present invention discloses an absorbent pad for use in clothing and clothing including the absorbent pad according to the present invention. Various features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention (in the form of non-limiting examples only) in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figures 1A to 1C are various illustrations of absorbent pads for clothing according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2A and Figure 2B are various illustrations of the wicking layer of an absorbent pad.

[0024] Figures 3A to 3C are various illustrations of the top layer of an absorbent pad.

[0025] Figures 4A to 4D are various diagrams of the liquid flow paths of an absorbent pad.

[0026] Figures 5A to 5C are various illustrations of the functional components of an absorbent pad.

[0027] Figure 6A and Figure 6B are various illustrations of peripheral components of an absorbent pad.

[0028] Figure 7A and Figure 7B are various illustrations of absorbent pads being fastened to clothing.

[0029] Figures 8A to 8K are various diagrams of attaching absorbent pads to clothing.

[0030] 9A to 9F are various illustrations of sewing absorbent pads to clothing.

[0031] 10A to 10D are various illustrations of surrounding components with different subcomponents.

[0032] Figure 11A and Figure 11B is an additional illustration of the surrounding components.

[0033] 12A to 12O is an additional illustration of attaching an absorbent pad to a garment.

[0034] 13A to 13D are various illustrations of garments including tensioning elements.

[0035] 14A to 14C are various illustrations of absorbent pads including hydrochromic material.

[0036] Figure 15 is an illustration of clothing including pockets and a laundry bag.

[0037] Figure 16 is an illustration of a garment including a second wicking layer that can be attached to an absorbent pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] For the purpose of brevity and clarity, the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure is directed to an absorbent pad for clothing and a clothing comprising the absorbent pad, according to the accompanying drawings. Although aspects of the present disclosure will be described in conjunction with the embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that they are not intended to limit the present disclosure to these embodiments. In contrast, the present disclosure is intended to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalents of the embodiments described herein, which are all included within the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. In addition, in the following detailed description, specific details will be set forth in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the present disclosure. However, those of ordinary skill in the art (i.e., technicians) should recognize that the present disclosure can be implemented without specific details, and / or can be implemented in the presence of multiple details generated by combining aspects of a particular embodiment. In many cases, known systems, methods, procedures and components are not described in detail to avoid unnecessarily confusing aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0039] In embodiments of the present disclosure, the description of a given element or consideration or use of a particular element number in a particular figure or reference thereto in corresponding descriptive materials may encompass the same, equivalent or similar elements or element numbers identified in another figure or descriptive materials associated therewith.

[0040] References to "one embodiment / example," "another embodiment / example," "some embodiments / examples," "some other embodiments / examples," etc., indicate that one or more embodiments / examples described may include a particular feature, structure, characteristic, property, element, or limitation, but not every embodiment / example necessarily includes that particular feature, structure, characteristic, property, element, or limitation. Furthermore, repeated use of the phrases "in one embodiment / example" or "in another embodiment / example" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / example.

[0041] The terms "comprising", "including", "having" and the like do not exclude the presence of other features / elements / steps not listed in the embodiments. The description of certain features / elements / steps in different embodiments does not mean that the combination of these features / elements / steps cannot be used in the embodiments. The term "a" or "an" is defined as one or more than one. Unless otherwise indicated, the use of " / " in the drawings or associated text should be understood to mean "and / or". The description of specific numerical values ​​or numerical ranges herein should be understood to include or be a description of approximate numerical values ​​or numerical ranges.

[0042] The term "set" is defined as a non-empty finite organization of elements that mathematically exhibits a cardinality of at least one, according to known mathematical definitions (e.g., a set as defined herein may correspond to a singleton set, a singleton set or set, or a multi-element set). The terms "first," "second," etc. are used merely as labels or identifiers and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on the terms with which they are associated.

[0043] In a representative or exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, there is an absorbent pad 100, such as but not limited to a liner, for use as Figure 1A and Figure 1B In the clothing 200 shown in FIG. 2 , absorbent pad 100 can be attached to the fabric body 210 of clothing 200. Clothing 200 can be a close-fitting garment or underwear that the user wears, particularly in the position where body fluids may be discharged. For example, clothing 200 can be but is not limited to brassieres, panties, lingerie, sportswear, athletic wear, swimwear and similar close-fitting or fitted clothing. When absorbent pad 100 was attached to clothing, the absorbent pad could be fixed so that they were attached to the fabric body 210 completely. In some embodiments, absorbent pad 100 can only be attached to certain regions, such as the longitudinal periphery (all or part) of absorbent pad 100, to provide floating effect. Without being bound by theory, we believe that this arrangement makes clothing 200 and absorbent pad 100 more stretchable, which improves user's comfort and freedom of movement.

[0044] The absorbent pad 100 includes a functional component 110 having an absorbent layer 112 for absorbing liquids, such as body fluids. The functional component 110 also has a wicking layer 114 attached to the absorbent layer 112 for transferring liquids to the absorbent layer 112. The wicking layer 114 is arranged to face the user's skin during use. In some embodiments, the functional component 110 includes a functional layer having an upper portion having the wicking properties of the wicking layer 114 and a lower portion having the absorbent properties of the absorbent layer 112.

[0045] In such Figure 1B In many of the illustrated embodiments, the absorbent pad 100 includes a liquid-impermeable barrier layer 120, wherein the functional component 110 is attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer 120. In particular, the absorbent layer 112 is attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer 120 such that the liquid-impermeable barrier layer 120 prevents liquid absorbed by the absorbent layer 112 from leaking out of the absorbent pad 100. The absorbent pad 100 includes a perimeter component 130 attached to a perimeter of the functional component 110, at least a portion of the perimeter component 130 being liquid-impermeable. For example, the perimeter component 130 includes a liquid-impermeable sealing element 132 attached to a perimeter of the functional component 110 and the liquid-impermeable barrier layer 120. For example, the perimeter component 130 includes an adhesive material.

[0046] As used herein, the term "adhesive" or "adhesive material" refers to a material capable of adhering objects to one another. For example, the adhesive material may include a material that is impermeable to liquids after curing, such as a thermoplastic or thermosetting adhesive. For example, the adhesive material may be in the form of a liquid adhesive, such as a hot melt adhesive, a drop-on-demand adhesive, a spread-on-demand adhesive, a liquid resin, or the like, or a combination thereof. For example, the adhesive material may be in the form of an adhesive film or tape, such as a single-sided or double-sided adhesive film or tape.

[0047] More particularly, and as Figure 1CAs further shown, the wicking layer 114 and the absorbent layer 112 are attached at a plurality of discrete points 116 therebetween to facilitate liquid transfer. The absorbent layer and the wicking layer 112, 114 can be attached together in various ways that physically connect the absorbent layer and the wicking layer 112, 114 at a plurality of discrete points 116 therebetween to facilitate liquid transfer. In particular, liquid transfer from the wicking layer 114 to the absorbent layer 112 occurs via the areas around the discrete points 116. The areas of the absorbent layer and the wicking layer 112, 114 are directly attached to each other at these discrete points 116, and the areas of the absorbent layer and the wicking layer 112, 114 around these discrete points 116 are arranged closer to each other. The close proximity of the absorbent layer and the wicking layer 112, 114 at these areas around the discrete points 116 helps to improve the efficiency of liquid transfer from the wicking layer 114 to the absorbent layer 112 via these areas. Compared to existing products, where layers may be attached only along their perimeters, more areas of the absorbent and wicking layers 112, 114 are brought closer together to increase liquid transfer efficiency.

[0048] Additionally, without being bound by theory, it is believed that the use of discrete points 116 to attach the absorbent and wicking layers 112, 114 can also enhance user comfort and potentially make the absorbent pad 100 more compact than existing products. It should be understood that the discrete points 116 can be located anywhere and / or over any area of ​​the absorbent and wicking layers 112, 114. For example, the discrete points 116 can be distributed over a majority of the absorbent and wicking layers 112, 114 and / or around the periphery of the absorbent and wicking layers 112, 114, such as over the entire absorbent and wicking layers 112, 114 or only around their peripheries. For example, the discrete points 116 can be located at the interface and / or around the periphery of the layers being attached together, such as between the wicking layer 114 and the absorbent layer 112, or between the absorbent layer 112 and the barrier layer 120. It should be understood that the discrete points 116 can be located anywhere and / or over any area of ​​the absorbent and barrier layers 112, 120.

[0049] In some embodiments, the absorbent layer and the wicking layer 112, 114 are attached together by knitting. Specifically, the absorbent layer 112 and the wicking layer 114 are knitted together at discrete points 116 using cross-linked yarns. The absorbent layer 112 includes an absorbent yarn formed of a liquid-absorbent material, and the wicking layer 114 includes a wicking yarn formed of a wicking material. The absorbent yarn and the wicking yarn are intermittently looped around and connected to each other. For example, each absorbent yarn has a looped structure, and each wicking yarn has a looped structure, such that each absorbent yarn is secured by each loop of the wicking yarn, and vice versa, thereby forming cross-linked yarns at discrete points 116 between the absorbent layer 112 and the wicking layer 114.

[0050] Various knitting methods include, but are not limited to, flat knitting, weft knitting, or warp knitting. For example, the absorbent layer and wicking layers 112, 114 are knitted together as a single layer having both wicking and absorption functions, i.e., the functional component 110 includes a single layer for both wicking and absorption functions. The barrier layer 120 can then be attached to the single layer by, for example, adhesive lamination or ultrasonic lamination.

[0051] In some embodiments, the absorbent layer and the wicking layer 112, 114 are attached together by lamination. The discrete dots 116 preferably comprise an adhesive material. For example, the adhesive material can be applied to one or both layers to be attached together using a roller laminating device (e.g., a dot roller) that can deliver microdots having a suitable density (i.e., number of dots per unit area), which can vary based on the requirements of the resulting absorbent pad 100. Any suitable density of glue dots can be used across the second surface of the wicking layer and the first surface of the absorbent layer, as long as the density of the glue dots provides the desired effect. For example, a suitable glue dot density can be provided by a glue concentration of 4 to 12 grams per square meter (GSM) between the absorbent layer and the wicking layer 112, 114. Roller lamination has a given density of microdots, which can vary based on requirements. Glue lamination can include glue bonding using hot melt glue, liquid resin bonding by nozzle extrusion / glue spraying, and liquid resin bonding by screen printing / stencil printing.

[0052] The functional component 110 can be attached to the barrier layer 120 in a similar manner using a corresponding plurality of discrete points 116. For example, such attachment can improve the efficiency of vapor transfer from the barrier layer 120 to the functional component 110, thereby improving breathability. Additionally or alternatively, the absorbent pad 100 can include a set of adhesive films 102 for bonding the various layers, components, and / or portions of the absorbent pad 100. For example, Figure 1B As shown, in addition to or in lieu of discrete points 116, the perimeters of the absorbent and wicking layers 112, 114 are attached together by the adhesive film 102. For example, the perimeters of the absorbent and barrier layers 112, 120 are attached together by the adhesive film 102. For example, the absorbent and barrier layers 112, 120 are completely attached together by the adhesive film 102, i.e., the adhesive film 102 can be applied to the entire surface between the functional component 110 and the barrier layer 120.

[0053] The adhesive film 102 may include an adhesive tape, a liquid adhesive, or a hot melt powder adhesive. When the adhesive film 102 is an adhesive tape, the tape may be a double-sided adhesive tape, and the tape may have a single layer or multiple layers, wherein the multiple layers may have one or more functions, such as a liquid barrier function, an elastic function, and the like. For example, the adhesive tape is a Bemis tape. When the adhesive is a liquid adhesive, the adhesive may be a hot melt adhesive, a liquid resin, or a combination thereof (for example, the adhesive may be a hot melt adhesive / liquid resin combination extruded through a nozzle, or a liquid resin combination by screen printing / stencil printing). Alternatively, the adhesive film 102 may be replaced by an adhesive or a bonding process, such as ultrasonic bonding. In some cases, the adhesive film 102 may be replaced by sewing.

[0054] The wicking layer 114 is capable of acquiring liquid or moisture and conducting the liquid or moisture to the underlying absorbent layer 112. Specifically, when a user wears the garment 200 including the absorbent pad 100, the wicking layer 114 faces the user's body / skin and serves to transport bodily fluids generated by the user's body to the absorbent layer 112. In other words, the wicking layer 114 transports liquid from an upper interface of the wicking layer, where it may be in direct contact with the user's skin, to a lower interface of the wicking layer, where it is attached to the upper interface of the absorbent layer 112. The wicking layer 114 may be made of fibers or yarns made of fibers, wherein the fibers and yarns are selected from one or more of the group consisting of polyamides, polyesters, polyolefins, polyurethanes, polyacrylonitrile, natural cellulose, regenerated cellulose, regenerated cellulose derivatives (i.e., cellulose acetate and cellulose triacetate), natural proteins, and regenerated proteins. The wicking layer 114 can be produced using the following techniques: such as knitting (warp knitting, such as Raschel Tricot, weft knitting, such as circular knitting or flat knitting), weaving, non-woven methods (blown spinning, staple non-woven, spunbond, air-laid, needle punching, thermal bonding, hydroentanglement, chemical bonding, etc.), electrospinning, power spinning, etc. In addition, the wicking layer 114 may also include one or more coatings, encapsulation or entrapment treatments, which enhance its liquid and moisture management functions, such as wicking rate, wicking capacity, diffusion and conduction rate, one-way liquid transport, etc.

[0055] The material of the wicking layer 114 can be naturally moisture wicking and / or treated to be moisture wicking. For example, the wicking material can be a 100% polyester fabric with a French terry knit and a denier difference between the two interfaces of the wicking layer 114, which helps to move liquid from the upper interface of the wicking layer 114 to the lower interface attached to the upper interface of the absorbent layer 112. Other suitable wicking materials include blends of polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, recycled materials (such as viscose blends), natural fibers (such as bamboo), and cotton. The wicking layer 114 can optionally have a French terry knit triangular ridge structure facing the user's skin, and the advantage of these structures is that the upper interface of the wicking layer 114 has less surface area in contact with the skin, thereby reducing the wet feeling against the skin. The wicking layer 114 can optionally have a flat structure with a capillary gradient to create a capillary force difference to move liquid.

[0056] For example, the wicking layer 114 may be 51% cotton or may be made of a material that is 51% cotton, and one or both interfaces of the wicking layer 114 may be treated with a hydrophilic material or composition (e.g., polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydrophilic silicone, or hydrophilic polyurethane) and / or a hydrophobic material or composition (e.g., silicone, polyfluoroalkyl acrylate, polyacrylate, polyurethane, or wax) to create a net hydrophilic gradient across the wicking layer 114. In other words, the upper interface, which may be in direct contact with the user's skin, may be less hydrophilic / more hydrophobic, while the lower interface may be more hydrophilic / less hydrophobic. For example, the upper interface may be treated with a hydrophobic material, and / or the lower interface may be treated with a hydrophilic material. This creates a combination of a "push" force generated by the hydrophobic nature of the upper interface and a "pull" force generated by the hydrophilic nature of the lower interface, which can wick any moisture or liquid through the wicking layer 114 and away from the user. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials or compositions may be applied to the wicking layer 114 using any method known to those of skill in the art.

[0057] In addition, the capillary force difference at each interface of the wicking layer 114 can be generated by the fabric structure of the wicking layer 114, wherein the pore size of the lower interface is smaller than that of the upper interface. This combination of pores creates a funnel-shaped structure in the cross section of the wicking layer 114, wherein due to the capillary pressure difference, liquid is pulled from the upper interface with a larger pore size to the lower interface with a smaller pore size.

[0058] The wicking rate through the wicking layer 114 can be controlled to be faster or slower. The rate can be set to the maximum absorption rate of the wicking layer 114 to ensure that all, substantially all, or at least a substantial percentage of the liquid is absorbed by the absorbent layer 112 and does not leak beyond the boundary of the absorbent pad 100 and the garment 200. The wicking rate can be controlled by the density, thickness, or composition of the wicking layer 114, and / or by the amount and type of hydrophobic and / or hydrophilic materials applied to the wicking layer 114. In another embodiment, the wicking rate can be set so that the upper interface of the wicking layer 114, which may be in direct contact with the user, feels "dry" or mostly dry to the user.

[0059] In some embodiments, the wicking layer 114 can include an antimicrobial agent or substance. For example, the antimicrobial substance can be one or more substances selected from the group consisting of: silver-containing substances, titanium dioxide, quaternary ammonium silanes, hydrogen peroxide, triclosan, and zinc pyrithione. Additionally or alternatively, the wicking layer 114 can include an anti-odor agent or substance to combat odors. For example, the anti-odor substance can be one or more substances selected from the group consisting of: nanoparticles with acid neutralization pockets, high surface area mineral compositions, high surface area ceramic compositions, high surface area clay compositions, and plant-based deodorants, such as peppermint essential oil. Further additionally or alternatively, the wicking layer 114 can include an anti-stain, stain-releasing, or stain-repellent agent or substance.

[0060] like Figure 2A As shown, in some embodiments, the wicking layer 114 includes an acquisition and conduction layer 118 or can be an acquisition and conduction layer to facilitate transfer of liquid from the wicking layer 114 to the absorbent layer 112 or multiple absorbent layers 112 below the wicking layer 114. The acquisition and conduction layer 118 refers to a layer that allows liquid to be conducted across both the width and length of the absorbent pad 100, so that the entire one or more absorbent layers 112 are utilized. This can be achieved in any manner discussed herein, such as by embossing / debossing the wicking layer 114 as discussed above. It can also be achieved by using specific materials, such as 100% polyester French terry or 100% polyester double terry. Other suitable materials and structures for the acquisition and conduction layer 118 can include those described above for the wicking layer 114.

[0061] In some embodiments, the wicking layer 114 may include one or more of the following: a hydrophilic material, a hydrophobic material, and a hydrochromic material. Figure 2BAs shown, the wicking layer 114 includes an array of hydrophobic yarns 115 and hydrophilic yarns 117, forming channels for guiding liquid flow. The hydrophobic yarns 115 repel water toward the adjacent hydrophilic yarns 117, while the hydrophilic yarns guide water along those hydrophilic yarns 117, thereby improving the transport of liquid within the wicking layer 114. The hydrophobic yarns 115 are treated to make them water-repellent, while the hydrophilic yarns 117 are treated so that the yarns 115 and 117 together form channels for guiding liquid flow (similar to the channels formed by the hydrophilic yarns 117). Figure 4D The channels in the example shown direct the flow of liquid.) These channels allow for greater movement and spreading of the liquid over a larger surface area for faster evaporation.

[0062] The liquid-repelling properties of the hydrophobic material 115 also provide stain-free / stain-releasing properties that can enhance the aesthetics or introduce a visual effect to the absorbent pad 100. Optionally, the wicking layer 114 includes a hydrochromic material configured to change color in response to contact with a liquid. Hydrochromic materials can allow for the introduction of a variety of colors and designs for the aesthetic appearance of the absorbent pad 100. For example, hydrochromic materials include hydrochromic prints and water-based pigments. An example of a hydrochromic print is a printing paste that includes an ink that is normally opaquely colored but becomes transparent upon wetting. Such a printing ink can be used beneath a white coating to incorporate a concealing effect that becomes visible upon wetting. Upon drying, the printed area will return to its original opaque color appearance.

[0063] In some embodiments, the functional component 110 includes an absorbent pad 112, and instead of or in addition to the wicking layer 114, the functional component 110 includes a liquid transport layer attached to the absorbent layer 112. The liquid transport layer is positioned to face the user's skin during use and is used to transfer liquid to the absorbent layer 112. In addition, the liquid transport layer includes an array of hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials, such as the materials described above for the wicking layer 114, to direct the flow of liquid through the functional component 110. It should be understood that various aspects of the absorbent pad 100 described in other embodiments herein are equally applicable to these embodiments having a liquid transport layer.

[0064] In some embodiments, the functional component 110 includes an absorbent pad 112, and in place of or in addition to the wicking layer 114, the functional component 110 includes a liquid detection layer attached to the absorbent layer 112. The liquid detection layer is arranged to face the user's skin when in use and is used to transfer liquid to the absorbent layer 112. In addition, the liquid detection layer includes a hydrochromic material configured to change color in response to contact with a liquid. It should be understood that various aspects of the absorbent pad 100 described in other embodiments herein are equally applicable to these embodiments having a liquid detection layer.

[0065] The absorbent layer 112 may comprise any liquid absorbent / absorbent material known in the art (e.g., cotton, cotton blends, foams, synthetic materials, absorbent polymer foams, materials based on or produced by nanotechnology, or any other moisture absorbing material). The material may weigh from 50 to 900 g / m 2 , such as 180 to 300 g / m 2 For example, the absorbent member 112 may be made from an 80:20 blend of polyester:nylon fabric with a microfiber double terry knit. Other suitable materials include polypropylene, polyethylene, or any cellulose-based fabric and blends thereof, including cotton, bamboo, and the like.

[0066] In some embodiments, the absorbent layer 112 can be 100% polyester double terry. This material is approximately 90% air, thus allowing for a higher absorbency because moisture fills the air spaces of the polyester terry without causing significant swelling of the polyester fibers. This does not mean that the absorbent pad 100 will be significantly thicker.

[0067] In some embodiments, the absorbent layer 112 may be made of a blend of fibers including two or more superabsorbent polymers (SAP), hydrogels, and polyesters, or at least a portion of the absorbent layer 112 (such as the lower interface facing the barrier layer 120) may be treated or integrated with SAP and / or hydrogels. In these embodiments, the use of these materials can increase liquid absorption capacity while reducing the thickness and weight of the absorbent pad 100, and due to the enhanced affinity of the absorbent layer 112, the upper interface of the wicking layer 114 that may come into contact with the user's skin may have an improved dry feel. The wicking layer 114 and / or the absorbent layer 112 may optionally have antibacterial / anti-odor and moisture management properties.

[0068] The barrier layer 120 can be attached to the functional component 110 by laminating the barrier layer 120 to the absorbent layer 112. As described above, in some embodiments, the functional component 110 may include a single monolayer configured for wicking and absorption functions, and the barrier layer 120 may be laminated to the single monolayer. The barrier layer 120 is leak-proof and may include any known fully or partially liquid-tight material. Preferably, the barrier layer 120 is breathable so that liquids may not pass through the barrier layer, but gases (including water vapor) can pass through. For example, the barrier layer 120 may include one or more thermoplastic films and / or one or more thermosetting films, wherein the thermoplastic film or thermosetting film is selected from one or more of the group consisting of: polyurethane, polyester, polyolefin and silicone. Specific examples of liquid-impermeable materials include layers made of liquid-impermeable polymers or thermoplastic polyurethane films. The barrier layer 120 may alternatively or additionally include or be made of a liquid-impermeable fabric and / or fusible yarn.

[0069] In some embodiments, the barrier layer 120 can be a lightweight, tightly knitted / woven fabric coated with a hydrogel or treated with a hydrophobic finish, such as a durable water repellent (e.g., DWR), or the barrier layer 120 can be a lightweight, tightly knitted / woven fabric made using a textile / SAP blend. Alternatively, the barrier layer 120 can be a stand-alone liquid-resistant film, or a liquid-resistant film laminated / attached to a textile material by adhesive bonding or other attachment methods, including ultrasonic bonding or stitching. When used in an article of clothing 200 including the absorbent pad 100, the barrier layer 120 can provide the advantage of being fully breathable in dry form while providing an effective barrier material when exposed to liquids. In addition, these materials can also enable the absorbent pad 100 to dry faster than using liquid-impermeable polymers, such as thermoplastic polyurethane films.

[0070] In some embodiments, the perimeter component 130 includes a liquid-impermeable sealing element 132 attached to the perimeter of the functional component 110 and the barrier layer 120. More specifically, the sealing element 132 is attached to the upper interface of the wicking layer 114 and the lower interface of the barrier layer 120. The sealing element 132 may include a single-sided adhesive tape, and the tape may have a single layer or multiple layers, wherein the multiple layers may have one or more functions, such as a liquid barrier function, an elastic function, etc. The adhesive surface of the single-sided adhesive tape faces the functional component 110 and the barrier layer 120. Figure 1B and Figure 1C As shown, the sealing element 132 has a C-fold or C-shaped arrangement that completely surrounds the perimeter of the functional component 110 and the barrier layer 120. This arrangement forms a liquid-impermeable barrier seal or seal and advantageously reduces leakage of body fluids from the absorbent pad 100 into the garment 200. This arrangement also makes the garment 200 more durable, allowing for multiple launderings and reuses.

[0071] In some embodiments, the sealing element 132 is liquid-impermeable and optionally elastic, but does not have adhesive properties. The sealing element 132 can be bonded to the periphery of the functional component 110 and the barrier layer 120 by a suitable bonding means, such as an adhesive or ultrasonic bonding. It should be understood that the sealing element 132 can be bonded to some or all layers of the absorbent pad 100.

[0072] In some embodiments, the functional component 110 is attached to the barrier layer 120 by stitching at their respective perimeters. Similarly, the wicking layer 114, the absorbent layer 112, and the barrier layer 120 can be stitched together at their perimeters. The sealing element 132 is arranged so that it overlaps the stitching at the perimeter, which may form a channel for liquid to pass through, thereby maintaining the liquid impermeability of the absorbent pad 100.

[0073] In some embodiments, the barrier layer 120 and the sealing element 132 can be a continuous piece of liquid impermeable material that is bonded to the perimeter of the functional component 110 in a manner similar to embodiments where the barrier layer 120 and the sealing element 132 are separate pieces of material bonded together.

[0074] like Figure 3A As shown, in some embodiments, the functional component includes a top layer 140 attached to the wicking layer 114 and arranged to face the user's skin during use. For example, the top layer 140 is attached to the wicking layer 114 via the adhesive film 102. Alternatively, the top layer 140 is knitted to the wicking layer 114. The top layer 140 can include one or more of the following: a hydrophilic material, a hydrophobic material, and a hydrochromic material. The various aspects of the hydrophilic material, the hydrophobic material, and the hydrochromic material described above with respect to the wicking layer 114 are equally applicable to the top layer 140 and, for the sake of brevity, are not further described.

[0075] In some embodiments, as Figure 3B and Figure 3C As shown, the top layer 140 includes an array of openings 142 for transferring liquid from the user's skin to the wicking layer 114. For example, the top layer 140 includes a mesh layer or a mesh layer that is preferably in direct contact with the user's skin during use. The mesh layer has an array of openings 142 for transferring liquid from the user's skin to the wicking layer 114. Figure 3B and Figure 3C Some exemplary shapes and sizes of the mesh layer are shown, but it should be understood that the mesh layer can be formed into other shapes and sizes, similar to Figures 4A to 4D The mesh layer can be formed using various manufacturing methods, such as molding, dye cutting, laser cutting, printing, stitching, knitting, gluing, embossing, debossing or extrusion.

[0076] The mesh layer preferably comprises or is made of a hydrophobic material. For example, the mesh layer can be treated to impart hydrophobic properties and optionally impart stain-free / stain-releasing / stain-resistant properties, and can be used to enhance the aesthetics or introduce visual effects to the absorbent pad 100. When the mesh layer is hydrophobic, it allows body fluids to pass through the openings 142, allowing its upper surface to remain dry. When the mesh layer is present in addition to the wicking layer 114, the mesh layer can create an additional wicking window to improve rewetting.

[0077] like Figure 4AAs shown, in some embodiments, the top layer 140 may include an array of channels 144 for directing liquid flow, and the channels 144 may include a hydrophobic material 144a. For example, the top layer 140 may include a fabric structure, such as a quilted structure or an origami structure, to form the channels 144. For example, the hydrophobic material 144a may include a cured polymer material that is patterned to form the channels 144. The cured polymer material may be a thermosetting and / or thermoplastic polymer, such as a silicone polymer.

[0078] The channels 144 can be formed using various manufacturing methods, such as molding, dye cutting, laser cutting, printing, sewing, knitting, gluing, embossing, debossing, or extrusion. For example, the channels 144 can be molded using compression molding or injection molding. In the case of injection molding, one or more other layers (such as the wicking layer 114) can first be placed in a mold, and then a liquid foam material (such as the polymer material described above) is injected into the mold cavity under pressure. The liquid foam material fills the cavity and quickly solidifies into the final molded shape.

[0079] The solidified polymer material can be formed into an embossed configuration, thereby allowing liquid to be more effectively directed across the entire surface area. Additionally, such embossing can also assist in shaping the absorbent pad 100. Such shaping helps improve the conformity of the absorbent pad 100 to the part of the body on which it is intended to be used and ensures that the garment 200 remains in place, thereby enhancing the functionality of the absorbent pad 100. Additionally or alternatively, the solidified polymer material can be laid in a debossed manner. Such a debossed configuration has the same properties as the embossed configuration discussed above. It should be understood that a combination of embossed and debossed patterns can be used herein to help maximize the conduction of bodily fluids across the entire surface and / or to improve the conformity / conformity of the absorbent pad 100 to the part of the body on which it is intended to be used during use.

[0080] The channels 144 may be arranged in a variety of ways to direct the flow of liquid. Figures 4A to 4C Some examples of arrays of channels 144 are shown. Figure 4DAnother example is shown in which channels 144 are arranged as a linear array of hydrophobic material 144a and hydrophilic material 144b. For example, top layer 140 is made of hydrophilic material 144b, and hydrophobic material 144a is added as alternating lines on top of hydrophilic material 144b. Alternatively, top layer 140 is made of hydrophobic material 144a, and hydrophilic material 144b is added as alternating lines on top of hydrophobic material 144a. The alternating lines of hydrophobic material 144a or hydrophilic material 144b can be added in various ways. For example, the alternating lines of hydrophobic material 144a or hydrophilic material 144b can be printed on top layer 140. For example, the alternating lines of hydrophobic material 144a or hydrophilic material 144b can be yarn knitted or woven into top layer 140. In use, the hydrophobic material 144a repels water towards the adjacent hydrophilic material 144b, directing the water to flow along the hydrophilic material 144b and thereby improving the transport of liquids across the top layer 140.

[0081] In some embodiments, the absorbent pad 100 does not include the top layer 140, and the wicking layer 114 is the outermost layer facing the user's skin. The wicking layer 114 can include similarly shaped channels as the channels 144 of the top layer 140, which are arranged to guide liquid flow. The wicking layer 114 can function as a mesh layer. It should be understood that the various aspects of the top layer 140 described above also apply to the wicking layer 114, and vice versa. For example, the top layer 140 can have anti-odor / antimicrobial properties.

[0082] In some embodiments, the absorbent layer 112 and / or the wicking layer 114 may comprise a foam material. The absorbent pad 100 may optionally be molded. The foam material may be provided in the final product of the absorbent pad 100 in a molded or non-molded form, depending on the final shape of the desired product. For example, the foam material may comprise a thermosetting and / or thermoplastic polymer, such as a foam material comprising 50 to 500 wt % polyurethane. Other suitable foam materials may include, but are not limited to, polyethylene foam, polypropylene foam, polyurethane foam, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) foam, nonwoven foam, and combinations thereof. Other examples of suitable foam materials include mixtures of the aforementioned foams and materials such as elastic fibers.

[0083] In embodiments of foam materials to be molded, the foam material can first be placed in a flat state and secured to other layers or components of the absorbent pad 100 to form a stack, such as a composite material of the wicking layer 114, the absorbent layer 112, and the barrier layer 120. The stack can then be molded to provide the desired 3D shape. The molding can be performed by thermomolding, injection molding, or any other suitable method. In the case of injection molding, one or more other layers (such as the wicking layer 114) can first be placed in a mold, and then a liquid foam material (such as a thermosetting and / or thermoplastic polymer) is injected under pressure into the mold cavity, which fills the cavity and quickly solidifies into the final molded shape.

[0084] Alternatively or additionally, instead of or in addition to the foam material, the absorbent layer 112 and / or wicking layer 114 can be formed using suitable fabric materials and / or garment construction / techniques. For example, the fabric material can be a spacer fabric. For example, various techniques can be used to form the desired shape on the fabric material, such as molding, sewing, stitching, and knitting. For example, darts can be sewn on the absorbent layer 112 / wicking layer 114 to form the desired shape. For example, a fabric material (such as a terry fabric) can be knitted into a desired 3D shape using a suitable knitting method (such as flat knitting or circular knitting).

[0085] It should be understood that the foam material or fabric material (such as a spacer fabric or a terry fabric) will become unified to form the desired shape of the absorbent layer 112 / wicking layer 114. For example, the liquid foam material will be formed and cured with the mold. The shaping of the absorbent layer 112 and the wicking layer 114, and more generally, the functional component 110, can provide an organic fit that better conforms to the natural curves of the body, allowing for customized foam shapes to achieve better aesthetics and comfort for the end wearer. For example, the functional component 110 and the resulting absorbent pad 100 can be shaped like a 3D bag for men's underwear to increase the comfort of the male user.

[0086] In some embodiments, the functional component 110 can have various shapes rather than a flat structure. For example, the absorbent pad 100 can be shaped such that the functional component 110 has a deformed portion 111. The deformed portion 111 can be, for example, Figure 5A The raised portion shown, which generates a concave configuration for the functional component 110, or as shown Figure 5B The recessed portion shown creates an embossed configuration for the functional component 110. The functional component 110 can be molded to form the deformed portion 111. Alternatively or in addition, the functional component 110 can be formed with a suitable knit structure and / or material, such as foam and fabric material (e.g., spacer or terry fabric), or by various garment construction techniques, such as introducing darts, to form the deformed portion 111. Figure 5Aand Figure 5B As shown, the absorbent pad 100 may optionally include a fabric layer 122 positioned beneath the barrier layer 120 and attached to the barrier layer 120 .

[0087] like Figure 5C As shown, in some embodiments, the functional component 110 can be formed such that it has a recessed center portion 113. Specifically, the middle portions of the absorbent layer 112 and the wicking layer 114 are removed to form the recessed center portion 113, thereby creating a concave pattern for the functional component 110. Alternatively or in addition, a smaller absorbent layer can be added on top of the center of the absorbent layer 112 to create an embossed pattern.

[0088] Combinations of embossed and debossed configurations, such as Figure 5B The deformed portion 111 and Figure 5C The recessed center portion 113 in the absorbent pad 100 increases the absorbent volume and allows the absorbent pad 100 to fit the user more ergonomically around the crotch / genital area to prevent leakage. In particular, the increased volume of the functional component 110 makes the absorbent pad 100 and the garment 200 including the absorbent pad 100 more suitable for use as or as men's underwear or male incontinence garments.

[0089] like Figure 3A and Figures 5A to 5C As shown, in many embodiments, the peripheral component 130 includes a pad attachment element 134 attached to the periphery of the functional component 110. The pad attachment element 134 may include one or more of a hydrophilic material, a hydrophobic material, and a hydrochromic material. Figure 6A and Figure 6B As shown, the pad attachment element 134 can be arranged to sew the absorbent pad 100 to the interior of the garment 200. For example, a portion of the pad attachment element 134 is attached to the sealing element 132 via the adhesive film 102, and another portion of the pad attachment element 134 is sewn or otherwise attached to the fabric body 210 of the garment 200.

[0090] like Figure 6A As shown, the pad attachment element 134 can have a C-fold or C-shaped arrangement as the sealing element 132, completely covering the sealing element 132. The pad attachment element 134 can be formed from a suitable material, which is preferably liquid impermeable. For example, the pad attachment element 134 can be formed from a fabric or textile material that is the same as, similar to, or different from the fabric body 210. For example, the pad attachment element 134 includes a hydrophobic material, such as a durable water repellent or silicone material. The pad attachment element 134 can be treated with a durable water repellent that forms a coating on the pad attachment element 134. For example, the pad attachment element 134 includes a silicone lining or extrusion thereon. As shown in FIG. Figure 6BAs shown, in some embodiments, the pad attachment element 134 forms a liquid-impermeable ridge 136 around the perimeter of the functional component 110. The liquid-impermeable ridge 136 facilitates efficient guidance of liquid to the functional component 110 and reduces spillage from the perimeter of the functional component 110.

[0091] like Figure 7A and Figure 7B As shown, in some embodiments, the peripheral component 130 includes a plurality of fasteners 138 attached to the pad attachment element 134. For example, the absorbent pad 100 can include a fabric layer 122 that extends below and covers the barrier layer 120. Furthermore, the fabric layer 122 can be a continuous structure with the pad attachment element 134, such as being formed from the same fabric material. The fasteners 138 are configured to secure the absorbent pad 100 to the garment 200. More specifically, the fasteners 138 are configured to engage with corresponding fasteners 220 of the garment 200, wherein the fasteners 220 can be located on the inside and / or outside of the fabric body 210. The fasteners 138, 220 can include male and female snaps and / or touch fasteners.

[0092] As described above, the absorbent pad 100 according to any embodiment described herein may be attached to a garment 200. Various embodiments of the present disclosure describe a garment 200 comprising a fabric body 210 and an absorbent pad 100 attached to the fabric body 210. The absorbent pad 100 may be in any suitable form and may be used for any suitable purpose within the garment 200. The absorbent pad 100 may be used independently or may be integrated with the garment 200. For example, the absorbent pad 100 may be permanently attached to the fabric body 210 of the garment 200. Examples of such garments 200 may include leggings, trousers, boxer briefs, low-waist pants, and the like. In some embodiments, the garment 200 may be associated with hygiene care. In some embodiments, the garment 200 may be associated with sportswear and may be used to help users who may suffer from hyperhidrosis, or may be used to help users who may need to absorb body fluids in a targeted manner during daily life and / or during exercise. The garment 200 may be associated with use as underwear or outerwear. Other examples of garments 200 include, but are not limited to, absorbent underpants, leak-proof swimwear, baby diapers, swim diapers, absorbent nursing garments, bras, briefs, swimwear, athletic wear, leggings and tights, or any other garment 200 that may incorporate an absorbent pad 100 .

[0093] Preferably, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the inner surface of the fabric body 210 and extends to at least the area that is subjected to the user's body excretions. One or more absorbent pads 100 can form a part of the clothing 200, no matter it is integrated or detachable. Any clothing 200 that is intended to be in contact with the user's skin can be equipped with one or more absorbent pads 100. One or more absorbent pads 100 can be equipped to cover a small area of ​​the clothing 200, and this area is normally subjected to the area that produces body excretions, such as the crotch area, underarm area or nipple position of antenatal or postnatal women. Alternatively, the absorbent pad 100 can cover most of the internal surface area of ​​the clothing 200. For example, the absorbent pad 100 in a pair of underpants can cover 30% to 100% of the internal surface area of ​​the clothing 200. The internal surface area coverage level of the absorbent pad 100 can be easily determined based on the expected use and the required comfort level of the user.

[0094] The fabric body 210 may include one or more layers, and each layer may include one or more fabric materials. In addition, the fabric body 210 may include materials and / or be treated with one or more of a thermal regulator, a coolant, an antifouling agent, an antibacterial agent, an anti-odor agent, and a hydrophobic agent. Preferably, the materials of the absorbent pad 100 and the clothing 200 allow the absorbent pad 100 and the clothing 200 to be washable and reusable to reduce the impact on the environment. For example, the absorbent pad 100 and the clothing 200 can withstand at least 15 (e.g., at least 50 or 100) household machine wash and drying cycles without compromising one or more of the following: overall appearance, component integrity, liquid / moisture management properties, antimicrobial function, and anti-odor function. In addition, the integrated absorbent pad 100 and the clothing 200 can withstand at least 15 (e.g., at least 50 or 100) wash and drying cycles. This ensures that the absorbent pad 100 will not leak during the life of the clothing 200. For example, the various materials of the absorbent pad 100 are selected so that they remain chemically, thermally, and mechanically stable during the expected lifespan of the absorbent pad 100 and garment 200 while being subjected to expected wash and drying cycles.

[0095] In some embodiments, the garment 200 may include a waist opening and / or leg openings. Optionally, the waist opening and / or leg openings may include or may be made of materials that improve the grip of the garment 200 on the user's body. For example, materials include nano yarn or nano fiber materials, such as micro polyester, exposed spandex fabric, elastic with polyurethane or silicone threads, polyurethane / thermoplastic polyurethane tape, neoprene material, or similar materials that increase their surface area and friction resistance and thereby improve grip properties. Such as Figure 6A and Figure 6BAs shown, in some embodiments, the garment 200 includes one or more elastic bands 230 to provide flexibility / elasticity / stretchability to the user. For example, the elastic bands 230 can be lined with or attached to the fabric body 210, such as by adhesive or ultrasonic bonding. The elastic bands 230 allow the garment 200 to have a small number of discrete sizes, thereby being able to cater to a variety of users of various body types. For example, the elastic bands 230 can be arranged to surround the waist opening and / or leg openings of the garment 200.

[0096] Figures 8A to 8K Various methods of attaching the absorbent pad 100 to the garment 200 are shown, particularly methods of attaching the pad attachment element 134 to the fabric body 210. The pad attachment element 134 is preferably liquid-impermeable. For example, the pad attachment element 134 can be made of a liquid-impermeable material and / or treated with a hydrophobic or water-repellent agent. In addition, the liquid-impermeable barrier layer 120 can be part of the fabric body 210 and / or part of the absorbent pad 100. For example, the fabric body 210 can be made of or include a hydrophobic material, or treated with a hydrophobic or water-repellent agent to achieve liquid-impermeability.

[0097] The treatment applied to the pad attachment element 134 and the fabric body 210 and any other parts of the absorbent pad 100 and clothing 200 that may need liquid impermeability can be any suitable material that produces a material with liquid impermeability. Examples of such materials include, but are not limited to, hydrophobic and water-repellent finishes, such as durable water repellents. Such finishes can include, but are not limited to, wax-based water repellents, silicone-based water repellents, and fluorocarbon-based and non-fluorocarbon-based water repellents. Alternatively or in addition, treatment can include coating with suitable materials that can include, but are not limited to, SAP / hydrogel coatings or thermoplastic and / or thermosetting coatings. The latter two coatings can be derived from one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of: polyurethane, polyester, polyolefin, and silicone polymer.

[0098] like Figure 8A As shown, in one embodiment, an absorbent pad 100 including a functional component 110 and a barrier layer 120 is sewn to a fabric body 210. A pad attachment element 134 is an extension of the fabric body 210 and is attached to the wicking layer 114 via an adhesive film 102. The fabric body 210 acts as a liquid-impermeable barrier, and the pad attachment element 134 is similarly liquid-impermeable. For example, the fabric body 210 and the pad attachment element 134 optionally include a liquid-impermeable material or are treated with a hydrophobic material. The liquid-impermeable pad attachment element 134 and the fabric body 210 cooperate to cover the visible stitching 212 and seal the perimeter of the absorbent pad 100 to prevent side leakage.

[0099] like Figure 8BAs shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 including the functional component 110 and the barrier layer 120 is sewn to the fabric body 210. A liquid-impermeable sealing element 132 is attached to the wicking layer 114 and the fabric body 210. In addition, a pad attachment element 134 is attached to the sealing element 132 to cover the sealing element 132. For example, the pad attachment element 134 is a separate piece of fabric material that can optionally be liquid-impermeable or treated with a hydrophobic material. The sealing element 132 and the pad attachment element 134 cooperate to cover the visible stitching 212 and seal the perimeter of the absorbent pad 100 to prevent side leakage.

[0100] like Figure 8C As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 includes the functional component 110 but does not have the barrier layer 120. The functional component 110, including the absorbent layer 112 and the wicking layer 114, is sewn to the fabric body 210. The pad attachment element 134 is an extension of the fabric body 210 and is attached to the wicking layer 114 via the adhesive film 102. The fabric body 210 and the pad attachment element 134 include liquid-impermeable materials or are treated with hydrophobic materials. Therefore, the liquid-impermeable fabric body 210 replaces the barrier layer 120 to prevent leakage from the bottom and sides of the absorbent pad 100. The liquid-impermeable pad attachment element 134 and the fabric body 210 cooperate to cover the visible stitching 212 and seal the perimeter of the absorbent pad 100 to prevent leakage from the sides.

[0101] like Figure 8D As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 includes a functional component 110 but does not have a barrier layer 120. The functional component 110, including the absorbent layer 112 and the wicking layer 114, is sewn to the fabric body 210. A liquid-impermeable sealing element 132 is attached to the wicking layer 114 and the fabric body 210. In addition, a pad attachment element 134 is attached to the sealing element 132 to cover the sealing element 132. For example, the pad attachment element 134 is a separate piece of fabric material that can be liquid-impermeable or treated with a hydrophobic material. The sealing element 132 and the pad attachment element 134 cooperate to cover the visible stitching 212 and seal the periphery of the absorbent pad 100 to prevent side leakage. In addition, the fabric body 210 includes a liquid-impermeable material or is treated with a hydrophobic material in place of the barrier layer 120 and prevents leakage from the bottom of the absorbent pad 100.

[0102] like Figure 8EAs shown, in one embodiment, an absorbent pad 100 including a functional component 110 and a barrier layer 120 is sewn to a fabric body 210. A sealing element 132 is an extension of the barrier layer 120 and is attached to the wicking layer 114. Additionally, a pad attachment element 134 is an extension of the fabric body 210 and is attached to the sealing element 132 to cover the sealing element 132. The pad attachment element 134 covers the visible stitching 212, and the sealing element 132 seals the perimeter of the absorbent pad 100 to prevent side leakage. The fabric body 210 and the pad attachment element 134 may comprise a liquid-impermeable material or may be treated with a hydrophobic material.

[0103] like Figure 8F As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 including the functional component 110 and the barrier layer 120 is sewn to the fabric body 210 without sewing through the absorbent layer 112. The periphery of the wicking layer 114 and the absorbent layer 112 can be attached by an adhesive film 102. A sealing element 132 is attached to the wicking layer 114 and the barrier layer 120 to seal the periphery of the absorbent pad 100 to prevent side leakage. This embodiment avoids the use of a separate piece of fabric material to cover the visible stitching 212. The C-shaped sealing element 132 can include materials such as suitable liquid-impermeable fabrics and fusible yarns and can be attached using suitable means, such as ultrasonic sealing / welding.

[0104] like Figure 8G As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 including the functional component 110 and the barrier layer 120 is sewn to the fabric body 210. The sealing element 132 is an extension of the barrier layer 120 and is attached to the wicking layer 114 to seal the perimeter of the absorbent pad 100 to prevent side leakage. In addition, the sealing element 132 is folded so that it covers the visible stitching line 212.

[0105] like Figure 8H As shown, in one embodiment, an absorbent pad 100 including a functional component 110 and a barrier layer 120 is sewn to a fabric body 210. A sealing element 132 is an extension of the barrier layer 120 and is attached to the wicking layer 114. A pad attachment element 134 is an extension of the fabric body 210 and is attached to the sealing element 132 to cover the sealing element 132. The sealing element 132 and the pad attachment element 134 cooperate to seal the perimeter of the absorbent pad 100, preventing side leakage. In addition, the sealing element 132 and the pad attachment element 134 are folded so that they cover the visible stitching 212.

[0106] like Figure 8IAs shown, in one embodiment, an absorbent pad 100 including a functional component 110 and a barrier layer 120 is sewn to a fabric body 210. A sealing element 132 is an extension of the barrier layer 120 and is attached to the wicking layer 114. A pad attachment element 134 is an extension of the fabric body 210 and is attached to the sealing element 132 to cover the sealing element 132. The sealing element 132 and the pad attachment element 134 cooperate to seal the perimeter of the absorbent pad 100, preventing side leakage. In addition, the perimeter component 130 includes a second pad attachment element 135, which is attached to the wicking layer 114 and the pad attachment element 134, such as by sewing or adhesive bonding. In addition, the sealing element 132, the pad attachment element 134, and the second pad attachment element 135 are folded so that they cover the visible stitching line 212. As used in various embodiments herein, the second pad attachment element 135 may include one or more of the following: a hydrophilic material, a hydrophobic material, and a hydrochromic material. For example, the second pad attachment element 135 is a separate piece of fabric material that may be liquid impermeable or treated with a hydrophobic material.

[0107] like Figure 8J As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 including the functional component 110 and the barrier layer 120 is sewn to the fabric body 210. The peripheral component 130 includes a second pad attachment element 135, which is attached to the wicking layer 114 and the fabric body 210, such as by sewing or bonding with an adhesive. In addition, a sealing element 132 is attached to the second pad attachment element 135 to cover the second pad attachment element 135. In addition, a pad attachment element 134 is attached to the sealing element 132 to cover the sealing element 132. For example, the pad attachment element 134 and the second pad attachment element 135 are separate pieces of fabric material that can be liquid-impermeable or treated with a hydrophobic material. The sealing element 132, the pad attachment element 134, and the second pad attachment element 135 cooperate to cover the visible stitching 212 and seal the perimeter of the absorbent pad 100 to prevent side leakage.

[0108] like Figure 8KAs shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 includes the functional component 110 but does not have the barrier layer 120. The functional component 110, including the absorbent layer 112 and the wicking layer 114, is sewn to the fabric body 210. The peripheral component 130 includes a second pad attachment element 135, which is attached to the wicking layer 114 and the fabric body 210, such as by sewing or bonding with an adhesive. In addition, a sealing element 132 is attached to the second pad attachment element 135 to cover the second pad attachment element 135. In addition, a pad attachment element 134 is attached to the sealing element 132 to cover the sealing element 132. For example, the pad attachment element 134 and the second pad attachment element 135 are separate pieces of fabric material that can be liquid-impermeable or treated with a hydrophobic material. The sealing element 132, the pad attachment element 134, and the second pad attachment element 135 cooperate to cover the visible stitching 212 and seal the perimeter of the absorbent pad 100 to prevent side leakage. In addition, the fabric body 210 includes a liquid-impermeable material or is treated with a hydrophobic material in place of the barrier layer 120 and prevents leakage from the bottom of the absorbent pad 100 .

[0109] like Figure 9A and Figure 9B As shown, in some embodiments, the absorbent pad 100, which may or may not include a barrier layer 120, is attached to a fabric body 210. More specifically, the peripheral component 130 includes a pad attachment element 134 that is bonded to the wicking layer 114 via the adhesive film 102 and sewn to the fabric body 210. For example, the pad attachment element 134 is a separate piece of fabric material that can be liquid-impermeable or treated with a hydrophobic material. The absorbent layer 112 and the wicking layer 114 can each be divided into an upper wicking layer and a lower wicking layer, respectively, such as to create a debossed / embossed effect as desired.

[0110] In some embodiments, the barrier layer 120 extends further along the fabric body 210, such as to the leg openings of the garment 200. For example, the barrier layer 120 and the fabric body 210 have approximately the same dimensions. The pad attachment element 134 can be bonded to the barrier layer 120 via the adhesive film 102, or stitched to the barrier layer 120 and the fabric body 210. The pad attachment element 134 is preferably hydrophobic to improve the liquid seal.

[0111] like Figure 9C and Figure 9D As shown, this way of attaching the absorbent pad 100 to the fabric body 210 achieves a more aesthetically pleasing island shape. The island can be of various shapes, such as Figure 9C and Figure 9D The bean-shaped top and bottom surfaces are shown in FIG. Figure 9E The dumbbell shape shown in FIG, and Figure 9F The humanoid figure shown in .

[0112] like 10A to 10DAs shown, in some embodiments, the peripheral component 130 includes a first peripheral subcomponent 150 and a second peripheral subcomponent 160. The first peripheral subcomponent 150 is arranged at the front and back of the absorbent pad 100 (extending between the left edge and the right edge of the absorbent pad 100). The second peripheral subcomponent 160 is arranged at the left and right of the absorbent pad 100 (extending between the front edge and the back edge of the absorbent pad 100). It is worth noting that when the user wears the garment 200, the first peripheral subcomponent 150 is arranged at the front and back of the user, and the second peripheral subcomponent 160 is arranged at the left and right of the user. The peripheral subcomponents 150, 160 can be of various sizes or lengths. For example, the peripheral subcomponents 150, 160 can extend to the waist opening and / or leg openings of the garment 200. For example, as Figure 10A As shown, the second perimeter subassembly 160 extends around the leg openings of the garment 200 .

[0113] Furthermore, the first perimeter subassembly 150 and the second perimeter subassembly 160 are structurally different from each other. Figure 10B An exemplary structural configuration is shown for a first perimeter subassembly 150. The first perimeter assembly 150 includes a pad attachment element 134 that is bonded to the wicking layer 114 via an adhesive film 102. The pad attachment element 134 may be liquid impermeable or treated with a hydrophobic material.

[0114] Figure 10C An exemplary structural configuration of the second perimeter subassembly 160 is shown. The second perimeter subassembly 160 includes a C-shaped sealing element 132 attached to the upper interface of the wicking layer 114 and the lower interface of the barrier layer 120 to seal the perimeter of the absorbent pad 100. The second perimeter subassembly 160 includes a pad attachment element 134 and a second pad attachment element 135. The second pad attachment element 135 is bonded to the sealing element 132 via the adhesive film 102 and is sewn to the fabric body 210. The pad attachment element 134 is C-shaped and bonded to the second pad attachment element 135 and the exterior of the fabric body 210 via the C-shaped adhesive film 102 to cover the visible stitching 212. The pad attachment element 134 and the second pad attachment element 135 can optionally be liquid-impermeable or treated with a hydrophobic material.

[0115] Figure 10DAnother exemplary structural configuration of the second perimeter subassembly 160 is shown. The second perimeter subassembly 160 includes a pad attachment element 134 and a second pad attachment element 135. The second pad attachment element 135 is bonded to the upper interface of the wicking layer 114 and the upper interface of the barrier layer 120 via the adhesive film 102. The C-shaped and partially folded pad attachment element 134 is bonded to the second pad attachment element 135 via the adhesive film 102 and is sewn to the exterior of the fabric body 210 to cover the visible stitching 212. The pad attachment element 134 and the second pad attachment element 135 cooperate with the corresponding adhesive film 102 to seal the perimeter of the absorbent pad 100. The pad attachment element 134 and the second pad attachment element 135 can be liquid-impermeable or treated with a hydrophobic material.

[0116] like Figure 11A and Figure 11B As shown, in some embodiments, the peripheral component 130 may include a hydrophobic material and / or a stretchable material. For example, the pad attachment element 134 includes a hydrophobic material and / or a stretchable material. The hydrophobic material can be a water-repellent finish, such as those described above. The fabric body 210 may also include a hydrophobic material and / or a stretchable material. For example, the fabric body 210 includes a hydrophobic material and / or a stretchable material in areas 240 at the front and back of the absorbent pad 100. For example, the waist opening and / or leg openings of the garment 200 include a hydrophobic material and / or a stretchable material. The stretchability of the absorbent pad 100 and the garment 200, particularly using the stretchable pad attachment element 134, allows the garment 200 to be adjusted to the user's body shape, thereby improving the fit and reducing the risk of leakage.

[0117] 12A to 12O Various ways of attaching the absorbent pad 100 to the garment 200 are shown, particularly cross-sections of the left, right, front, and back portions of the absorbent pad 100 when attached to the fabric body 210. In particular, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 using a pad attachment element 134, which is a separate piece of fabric material that may optionally be liquid impermeable or treated with a hydrophobic material.

[0118] like Figure 12A As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via a perimeter component 130. The perimeter component 130 includes a pad attachment element 134 and a double-sided adhesive film 102 that bonds the pad attachment element 134 to the wicking layer 114 and the fabric body 210. The adhesive film 102 may optionally also bond the pad attachment element 134 to the absorbent layer 112 and the barrier layer 120. In addition, there is no bonding or adhesive in the perimeter region 214 between the fabric body 210 and the barrier layer 120. The left, right, front, and back portions of the absorbent pad 100 may have the same cross-sectional configuration.

[0119] like Figure 12B As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via the peripheral component 130, similar to Figure 12A However, unlike the single double-sided adhesive film 102, Figure 12B The embodiment has two separate double-sided adhesive films 102 that bond the pad attachment element 134 to the wicking layer 114 and the fabric body 210, respectively. There is also no bond or adhesive in the peripheral area 214 between the fabric body 210 and the barrier layer 120. The left, right, front, and back portions of the absorbent pad 100 can have the same cross-sectional configuration.

[0120] like Figure 12C As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via a perimeter component 130. The perimeter component 130 includes a pad attachment element 134 and a dispense adhesive 102 that bonds the pad attachment element 134 to the wicking layer 114 and the fabric body 210. The dispense adhesive 102 can optionally also bond the pad attachment element 134 to the absorbent layer 112 and the barrier layer 120. The wicking layer 114, the absorbent layer 112, and the barrier layer 120 can be laminated or glued to each other, such as by using adhesive at a plurality of discrete points 116. The left, right, front, and back portions of the absorbent pad 100 can have the same cross-sectional configuration.

[0121] like Figure 12D As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via the perimeter component 130. The perimeter component 130 includes a pad attachment element 134 and a double-sided adhesive film 102, which bonds the pad attachment element 134 to the wicking layer 114 and the fabric body 210. The adhesive film 102 can optionally also bond the pad attachment element 134 to the absorbent layer 112 and the barrier layer 120. In addition, the pad attachment element 134 is stitched 212 to the fabric body 210 and the barrier layer 120. This cross-sectional configuration can be applied to both the left and right portions of the absorbent pad 100, similar to the cross-sectional configuration of the second perimeter subcomponent 160.

[0122] like Figure 12EAs shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via a peripheral component 130. The peripheral component 130 includes a pad attachment element 134 and a double-sided adhesive film 102, which bonds the pad attachment element 134 to the wicking layer 114 and the inner layer of the fabric body 210. The adhesive film 102 can optionally also bond the pad attachment element 134 to the absorbent layer 112 and the barrier layer 120. In addition, the pad attachment element 134 is stitched 212 to the barrier layer 120 and the inner and outer layers of the fabric body 210. In addition, the outer layer of the fabric body 210 can include fasteners 220, such as male and female buckles and / or touch fasteners. This cross-sectional configuration can be applied to the left and right portions of the absorbent pad 100, similar to the cross-sectional configuration of the second peripheral subcomponent 160.

[0123] like Figure 12F As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via a perimeter component 130. The perimeter component 130 includes a liquid-impermeable sealing element 132 and a pad attachment element 134. The sealing element 132 can be a double-sided adhesive film. The pad attachment element 134 is attached to the wicking layer 114 and the fabric body 210 via the sealing element 132. The wicking layer 114, the absorbent layer 112, and the barrier layer 120 can be laminated or glued to each other, such as by using adhesive at a plurality of discrete points 116. This cross-sectional configuration can be applied to the left and right portions of the absorbent pad 100, similar to the cross-sectional configuration of the second perimeter subcomponent 160.

[0124] like Figure 12G As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via a perimeter component 130. The perimeter component 130 includes a liquid-impermeable sealing element 132 and a pad attachment element 134. The sealing element 132 can be a single-sided adhesive film that is used to bond the perimeters of the wicking layer 114 and the barrier layer 120. The first double-sided adhesive film 102 bonds the perimeters of the wicking layer 114, the absorbent layer 112, and the barrier layer 120 together. In addition, the second double-sided adhesive film 102 bonds the pad attachment element 134 to the sealing element 132 and the fabric body 210. This cross-sectional configuration can be applied to the left and right portions of the absorbent pad 100, similar to the cross-sectional configuration of the second perimeter subcomponent 160.

[0125] like Figure 12H As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via the peripheral component 130, similar to Figure 12G However, the second double-sided adhesive film 102 bonds a portion of the pad attachment element 134 to the sealing element 132. Another portion of the pad attachment element 134 is sewn to the fabric body 210. This cross-sectional configuration can be applied to the left and right portions of the absorbent pad 100, similar to the cross-sectional configuration of the second perimeter subassembly 160.

[0126] like Figure 12IAs shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via the perimeter component 130. The perimeter component 130 includes a pad attachment element 134 and a double-sided adhesive film 102. The first double-sided adhesive film 102 bonds the perimeters of the wicking layer 114, the absorbent layer 112, and the barrier layer 120 together. The second double-sided adhesive film 102 bonds the pad attachment element 134 to the sealing element 132 and the fabric body 210. In addition, the pad attachment element 134 is sewn to the fabric body 210. This cross-sectional configuration can be applied to the left and right portions of the absorbent pad 100, similar to the cross-sectional configuration of the second perimeter subcomponent 160.

[0127] like Figure 12J As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via the perimeter component 130. The perimeter component 130 includes a pad attachment element 134 and a double-sided adhesive film 102, which bonds the pad attachment element 134 to the perimeter of the wicking layer 114, the absorbent layer 112, and the barrier layer 120. In addition, the pad attachment element 134 is stitched 212 to the fabric body 210. In particular, at least some of the stitches 212 pass through the pad attachment element 134, the adhesive film 102, the barrier layer 120, and the fabric body 210, and at least some of the stitches 212 also pass through the absorbent layer 112. This cross-sectional configuration can be applied to both the left and right portions of the absorbent pad 100, similar to the cross-sectional configuration of the second perimeter subcomponent 160.

[0128] like Figure 12K As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via the peripheral component 130, similar to Figure 12J However, the pad attachment element 134 is longer than the adhesive film 102, so that a portion of the pad attachment element 134 is directly sewn to the fabric body 210. In particular, at least some of the stitching 212 passes through the pad attachment element 134, the barrier layer 120, and the fabric body 210, but not through the adhesive film 102. This cross-sectional configuration can be applied to the left and right portions of the absorbent pad 100, similar to the cross-sectional configuration of the second perimeter subassembly 160.

[0129] like Figure 12L As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via the peripheral component 130, similar to Figure 12K However, a portion of the pad attachment element 134 is sewn directly to the fabric body 210, such that at least some of the stitching 212 passes through the pad attachment element 134 and the fabric body 210, but not through the adhesive film 102 or the barrier layer 120. This cross-sectional configuration can be applied to the left and right portions of the absorbent pad 100, similar to the cross-sectional configuration of the second perimeter subassembly 160.

[0130] like Figure 12MAs shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via a perimeter component 130. The perimeter component 130 includes a pad attachment element 134 and a double-sided adhesive film 102. The double-sided adhesive film 102 bonds a portion of the pad attachment element 134 to the sealing element 132. Another portion of the pad attachment element 134 is sewn to the fabric body 210. In addition, the perimeters of the wicking layer 114, the absorbent layer 112, and the barrier layer 120 are bonded together by ultrasonic bonding 104. This cross-sectional configuration can be applied to both the left and right portions of the absorbent pad 100, similar to the cross-sectional configuration of the second perimeter subcomponent 160.

[0131] like Figure 12N As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via a perimeter component 130. The perimeter component 130 includes a thread or yarn that sews 212 the perimeter of the absorbent pad 100 to the fabric body 210. More particularly, the thread or yarn is made of or includes a liquid-impermeable or hydrophobic material. This cross-sectional configuration can be applied to both the left and right portions of the absorbent pad 100, similar to the cross-sectional configuration of the second perimeter subcomponent 160.

[0132] like Figure 12O As shown, in one embodiment, the absorbent pad 100 is attached to the fabric body 210 via a perimeter component 130. The perimeter component 130 includes a liquid-impermeable sealing element 132, a pad attachment element 134, and a second pad attachment element 135. The sealing element 132 can be a single-sided adhesive film that is used to bond the perimeters of the wicking layer 114 and the barrier layer 120. The first double-sided adhesive film 102 bonds the perimeters of the wicking layer 114, the absorbent layer 112, and the barrier layer 120 together. The second double-sided adhesive film 102 bonds a portion of the pad attachment element 134 to the sealing element 132. Another portion of the pad attachment element 134 is sewn to the fabric body 210. The third double-sided adhesive film 102 bonds the bonded pad attachment element 135 to the pad attachment element 134 and the fabric body 210. In addition, the second pad attachment element 135 is folded to cover the visible stitching 212. This cross-sectional configuration may be applicable to both the left and right portions of the absorbent pad 100 , similar to the cross-sectional configuration of the second perimeter subassembly 160 .

[0133] like 13A to 13DAs shown, in some embodiments, the garment 200 includes a set of tensioning elements 250 connected to the absorbent pad 100. For example, the tensioning elements 250 are secured from the waist opening and / or the leg openings and connected to the absorbent pad 100. For example, the tensioning elements 250 may include straps that are connected to the absorbent pad 100 in a tensioning manner. The tensioning elements 250 press the absorbent pad 100 against the user's body and more effectively capture body fluids. The compression from the absorbent pad 100 can help alleviate uncomfortable symptoms, such as pelvic organ prolapse. In particular, the absorbent pad 100 allows for greater pressure to be applied to the vulva area for increased comfort. The compression from the absorbent pad 100 can also be used to manage other conditions, such as mild bladder prolapse and uterine prolapse. The tensioning elements 250 can be arranged differently to adjust the tension and compression force as well as the position relative to the user's body.

[0134] like Figure 14A As shown, in some embodiments, peripheral assembly 130 may include a set of liquid detection elements 170 configured to change state in response to contact with liquid. For example, pad attachment element 134 / second pad attachment element 135 may include liquid detection elements 170. Liquid detection elements 170 may include a hydrochromic material configured to change color in response to contact with liquid. For example, the hydrochromic material may include a hydrochromic print and a water-based pigment. Additionally or alternatively, liquid detection elements 170 may include a deformable foam material, such as a deformable foam material including polyurethane, configured to deform in response to contact with liquid.

[0135] like Figure 14B and Figure 14C As shown, in some embodiments, the absorbent pad 100 can include a top layer 140 disposed on the wicking layer 114. The top layer 140 can include a similar liquid detection element 170, particularly a hydrochromic material as further described above. Similarly, the garment 200 can include a hydrochromic material. For example, the hydrochromic material can be disposed at locations on the fabric body 210, such as the waist opening and / or leg openings, and on the interior and / or exterior of the garment 200. For example, the hydrochromic material can be disposed on the exterior of the garment 200 to serve as an external wetness indicator, particularly for indicating any liquid leakage from the absorbent pad 100.

[0136] like Figure 15As shown, in some embodiments, clothing 200 includes a pocket 260, and pocket 260 includes a laundry bag 262. The laundry bag 262 can be removed from the pocket 260 for accommodating the clothing 200 in the laundry bag 262. The laundry bag 262, together with the clothing 200 inside, can be delivered to a laundry device 264. For example, the laundry bag 262 can be completely removed from the pocket 260 and can be replaced if damaged. The pocket 260 and the laundry bag 262 improve the convenience of handling and washing the dirty clothes 200. The pocket 260 can be set below or on the back of the clothing 200. The pocket 260 can include an opening to remove the laundry bag 262, and the opening can be fixed with a suitable closing mechanism (such as a waterproof cord or a zipper). The pocket 260 can include a stretchable material, and the laundry bag 262 can include a water-resistant material and / or an odor-resistant material.

[0137] In some embodiments, the pocket 260 does not have a wash bag 262, but rather the pocket is located on the exterior of the garment 200. The garment 200 can be folded inwardly into the pocket 260 so that the absorbent pad 100 is covered by the pocket 260.

[0138] like Figure 16 As shown, in some embodiments, the garment 200 includes a second wicking layer 270 that is secured to the rear portion of the absorbent pad 100 and removably attached to a waistband 280 of the garment 200. The second wicking layer 270 can be removed from the waistband 280 and reattached to the front portion of the absorbent pad 100, thereby overlaying the second wicking layer 270 on the absorbent pad 100. For example, the second wicking layer 270 can overlay the wicking layer 114 or the top layer 140 of the absorbent pad 100. The second wicking layer 270 can include a set of fasteners 272 for fastening to the front portion of the absorbent pad 100. The fasteners 272 can include male and female buckles and / or touch fasteners. The user can use the second wicking layer 270 when additional liquid transfer capacity and / or better comfort is desired, such as when the absorbent pad 100 makes the user feel wet and uncomfortable.

[0139] Various embodiments of the present disclosure describe leak-proof absorbent pads 100 that are capable of effectively transporting liquid from the surface of the absorbent pad 100 (such as the wicking layer 114) to the absorbent layer 112 below. The garment 200 equipped with the absorbent pad 100 also exhibits properties associated with the absorbent pad 100. For example, because the absorbent pad 100 provides sufficient and effective liquid absorption, when the garment 200 equipped with the absorbent pad 100 is in the form of underwear, it may not be necessary to use disposable tampons / pads in conjunction with the underwear. In addition, the absorbent pad 100 is thinner than traditional products, which can make the garment 200 more attractive and comfortable to wear than garments containing traditional pads while providing enhanced leakage protection. Some embodiments describe attaching the absorbent pad 100 directly to the garment 200 via sewing, without the need for using additional fabric strips, such as those of the pad attachment elements 134, 135. Such embodiments avoid the use of such fabric strips and allow the use of other options to seal the perimeter of the absorbent pad 100, such as, but not limited to, ultrasonic welding and fusible yarns.

[0140] This disclosure describes many embodiments of absorbent pad 100 and garment 200. It should be understood that various aspects of one or more embodiments of absorbent pad 100 and / or garment 200 may be equally applicable to another or more other embodiments, and for the sake of brevity, such aspects will not be described further.

[0141] In the foregoing detailed description, embodiments of the present disclosure relating to absorbent pads for clothing and clothing including absorbent pads are described with reference to the accompanying drawings provided. The descriptions of various embodiments herein are not intended to elicit or be limited to specific or particular representations of the present disclosure, but are merely intended to illustrate non-limiting examples of the present disclosure. The present disclosure is intended to address at least one of the aforementioned problems and issues associated with the prior art. Although only some embodiments of the present disclosure are disclosed herein, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of this disclosure that various changes and / or modifications may be made to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of the present disclosure, as well as the scope of the claims that follow, is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

Claims

1. An absorbent pad for clothing, comprising: liquid-impermeable barrier layer; a functional component attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the functional component comprising: an absorbent layer attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the absorbent layer being adapted to absorb liquid; and a wicking layer attached to the absorbent layer, the wicking layer being arranged to face the skin of a user during use, the wicking layer being used to transfer liquid to the absorbent layer; and a perimeter component attached to a perimeter of the functional component, at least a portion of the perimeter component being liquid impermeable, wherein the wicking layer and the absorbent layer are attached at a plurality of discrete points therebetween to promote transfer of liquid from the wicking layer to the absorbent layer via areas surrounding the discrete points.

2. The absorbent pad according to claim 1, wherein The wicking layer and the absorbent layer are knitted together at the discrete points using cross-linked yarns.

3. The absorbent pad according to claim 1, wherein The wicking layer and the absorbent layer are attached together by lamination, and the discrete points comprise an adhesive material.

4. The absorbent pad according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The discrete points are distributed throughout the wicking layer and the absorbent layer and / or around the periphery of the wicking layer and the absorbent layer.

5. The absorbent pad according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The peripheries of the wicking layer and the absorbent layer are attached together by an adhesive film.

6. The absorbent pad according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The wicking layer includes an array of hydrophobic yarns and hydrophilic yarns that form channels for directing liquid flow.

7. The absorbent pad according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The wicking layer includes a linear array of hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials.

8. The absorbent pad according to claim 7, wherein The wicking layer is made of the hydrophilic material and includes alternating lines of hydrophobic material disposed on top of the hydrophilic material.

9. The absorbent pad according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The functional component comprises a top layer attached to the wicking layer and arranged to face the skin of a user in use.

10. The absorbent pad according to claim 9, wherein The top layer includes one or more of the following: a hydrophilic material, a hydrophobic material, and a hydrochromic material.

11. The absorbent pad according to claim 9 or 10, wherein The top layer includes an array of openings for transferring liquid from the user's skin to the wicking layer, the top layer comprising a hydrophobic material.

12. The absorbent pad according to claim 9 or 10, wherein The top layer includes an array of channels for directing liquid flow, the channels comprising a hydrophobic material.

13. The absorbent pad according to claim 12, wherein The hydrophobic material includes a solidified polymer material that is patterned to form the channel.

14. The absorbent pad according to claim 9 or 10, wherein The top layer includes a linear array of hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials.

15. The absorbent pad of claim 14, wherein The top layer is made of a hydrophilic material and includes alternating lines of a hydrophobic material disposed on top of the hydrophilic material.

16. An absorbent pad according to any one of claims 9 to 15, wherein The top layer includes a set of liquid detection elements configured to change state in response to contact with liquid.

17. The absorbent pad of claim 16, wherein: The liquid detection element includes a hydrochromic material configured to change color in response to contact with a liquid.

18. The absorbent pad according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein The wicking layer and / or absorbent layer comprises a foam material and / or a spacer fabric material.

19. The absorbent pad of claim 18, wherein The absorbent pad is molded such that the functional component includes a deformed portion, which is a raised portion or a recessed portion.

20. The absorbent pad according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein The functional components are formed using darts.

21. The absorbent pad according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein The perimeter component includes a pad attachment element attached to the perimeter of the functional component, the pad attachment element optionally being liquid impermeable.

22. The absorbent pad of claim 21, wherein The pad attachment element forms a liquid-impermeable ridge on the perimeter of the functional component.

23. The absorbent pad according to claim 21 or 22, wherein The perimeter assembly includes a plurality of fasteners attached to the pad attachment element, the fasteners configured for fastening the absorbent pad to the garment, the fasteners optionally including male and female buckles and / or touch fasteners.

24. An absorbent pad according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein The peripheral components include: a first perimeter subassembly disposed along the front and back of the absorbent pad; and a second perimeter subassembly disposed along a left portion and a right portion of the absorbent pad; and The first peripheral subassembly and the second peripheral subassembly are different in structure from each other.

25. The absorbent pad of claim 24, wherein The first perimeter subassembly includes the pad attachment element bonded to the wicking layer.

26. The absorbent pad according to claim 24 or 25, wherein The second peripheral subassembly includes: a sealing element attached to the wicking layer and the barrier layer; the pad attachment element; and a second pad attachment element attached to the sealing element and for sewing to the garment, Wherein the pad attachment element is attached to the second pad attachment element and is for attachment to the garment, the pad attachment element being arranged to cover the seam.

27. The absorbent pad according to claim 24 or 25, wherein The second peripheral subassembly includes: the pad attachment element; and a second pad attachment element attached to the wicking layer and the barrier layer; Wherein the pad attachment element is attached to the second pad attachment element and is adapted to be sewn to the garment, the pad attachment element being partially folded to cover the sewing.

28. An absorbent pad according to any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein The peripheral assembly includes a set of liquid detection elements configured to change state in response to contact with liquid.

29. The absorbent pad of claim 28, wherein The liquid detection element includes a hydrochromic material configured to change color in response to contact with a liquid.

30. A garment comprising: fabric body; an absorbent pad attached to the fabric body; as well as a liquid-impermeable barrier layer as part of the fabric body and / or as part of the absorbent pad, Wherein, the absorbent pad comprises: a functional component attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the functional component comprising: an absorbent layer attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the absorbent layer being adapted to absorb liquid; and a wicking layer attached to the absorbent layer, the wicking layer being arranged to face the skin of a user during use, the wicking layer being used to transfer liquid to the absorbent layer; and a perimeter component attached to a perimeter of the functional component, at least a portion of the perimeter component being liquid impermeable, wherein the wicking layer and the absorbent layer are attached at a plurality of discrete points therebetween to promote transfer of liquid from the wicking layer to the absorbent layer via areas surrounding the plurality of discrete points.

31. The garment of claim 30, wherein The wicking layer and the absorbent layer are knitted together at the discrete points using cross-linked yarns.

32. The garment of claim 30, wherein The wicking layer and the absorbent layer are attached together by lamination, and the discrete points comprise an adhesive material.

33. The garment according to any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein The discrete points are distributed throughout the wicking layer and the absorbent layer and / or around the periphery of the wicking layer and the absorbent layer.

34. The garment according to any one of claims 30 to 33, wherein The peripheries of the wicking layer and the absorbent layer are attached together by an adhesive film.

35. The garment according to any one of claims 30 to 34, wherein The wicking layer includes an array of hydrophobic yarns and hydrophilic yarns that form channels for directing liquid flow.

36. The garment of any one of claims 30 to 35, wherein The wicking layer includes a linear array of hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials.

37. The garment of claim 36, wherein The wicking layer is made of the hydrophilic material and includes alternating lines of hydrophobic material disposed on top of the hydrophilic material.

38. The garment of any one of claims 30 to 35, wherein The functional component comprises a top layer attached to the wicking layer and arranged to face the skin of a user in use.

39. The garment of claim 38, wherein The top layer includes one or more of the following: a hydrophilic material, a hydrophobic material, and a hydrochromic material.

40. The garment according to claim 38 or 39, wherein The top layer includes an array of openings for transferring liquid from the user's skin to the wicking layer, the top layer comprising a hydrophobic material.

41. The garment according to claim 38 or 39, wherein The top layer includes an array of channels for directing liquid flow, the channels comprising a hydrophobic material.

42. The garment of claim 41, wherein The hydrophobic material includes a solidified polymer material that is patterned to form the channel.

43. The garment according to claim 38 or 39, wherein The top layer includes a linear array of hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials.

44. The garment of claim 43, wherein The top layer is made of a hydrophilic material and includes alternating lines of a hydrophobic material disposed on top of the hydrophilic material.

45. The garment of any one of claims 38 to 44, wherein The top layer includes a set of liquid detection elements configured to change state in response to contact with liquid.

46. ​​The garment of claim 45, wherein The liquid detection element includes a hydrochromic material configured to change color in response to contact with a liquid.

47. The garment of any one of claims 30 to 46, wherein The wicking layer and / or absorbent layer comprises a foam material and / or a spacer fabric material.

48. The garment of claim 47, wherein The absorbent pad is molded such that the functional component includes a deformed portion, which is a raised portion or a recessed portion.

49. The garment of any one of claims 30 to 48, wherein The functional components are formed using darts.

50. The garment of any one of claims 30 to 49, wherein The perimeter component includes a pad attachment element attached to the perimeter of the functional component, the pad attachment element optionally being liquid impermeable.

51. The garment of claim 50, wherein The pad attachment element forms a liquid-impermeable ridge on the perimeter of the functional component.

52. The garment of claim 50 or 51, further comprising a plurality of fasteners, wherein: The perimeter assembly includes a corresponding plurality of fasteners attached to the pad attachment element, the fasteners configured for fastening the absorbent pad to the garment, the fasteners optionally including male and female buckles and / or touch fasteners.

53. The garment of any one of claims 50 to 52, wherein The peripheral components include: a first perimeter subassembly disposed along left and right edges of the absorbent pad; and a second perimeter subassembly disposed along the front and rear edges of the absorbent pad, The first peripheral subassembly and the second peripheral subassembly are different in structure from each other.

54. The garment of claim 53, wherein The first perimeter subassembly includes the pad attachment element bonded to the wicking layer.

55. The garment of claim 53 or 54, wherein The second peripheral subassembly includes: a sealing element attached to the wicking layer and the barrier layer; the pad attachment element; and a second pad attachment element attached to the sealing element and sewn to the garment, wherein the pad attachment element is attached to the second pad attachment element and to the garment, the pad attachment element being arranged to cover the seam.

56. The garment of claim 53 or 54, wherein The second peripheral subassembly includes: the pad attachment element; and a second pad attachment element attached to the wicking layer and the barrier layer; wherein the pad attachment element is attached to the second pad attachment element and stitched to the garment, the pad attachment element being partially folded to cover the stitching.

57. A garment according to any one of claims 30 to 56, wherein The peripheral assembly includes a set of liquid detection elements configured to change state in response to contact with liquid.

58. The garment of claim 57, wherein The liquid detection element includes a hydrochromic material configured to change color in response to contact with a liquid.

59. The garment of any one of claims 30 to 58, further comprising a set of tensioning elements connected to the absorbent pad, the tensioning elements being configured to press the absorbent pad against a user's body.

60. The garment of any one of claims 30 to 59, further comprising a pocket, wherein the pocket comprises a laundry bag, wherein The laundry bag is removable from the pocket for containing the laundry in the laundry bag.

61. The garment of any one of claims 30 to 60, further comprising a pocket on the exterior of the garment, wherein The garment can be folded inwardly into the pocket.

62. The garment of any one of claims 30 to 61, further comprising a second wicking layer secured to a rear portion of the absorbent pad and removably attached to a waistband of the garment, wherein The second wicking layer is detachable from the waistband and reattachable to the front portion of the absorbent pad and thereby overlaying the second wicking layer on the absorbent pad.

63. The garment of claim 62, wherein The second wicking layer includes a set of fasteners for fastening to the front portion of the absorbent pad, the fasteners optionally including male and female buckles and / or touch fasteners.

64. An absorbent pad for clothing, the absorbent pad comprising: liquid-impermeable barrier layer; a functional component attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the functional component comprising: an absorbent layer attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the absorbent layer being adapted to absorb liquid; and a liquid transport layer attached to the absorbent layer, the liquid transport layer being arranged to face the skin of a user during use, the liquid transport layer being used to transfer liquid to the absorbent layer; and a perimeter component attached to a perimeter of the functional component, at least a portion of the perimeter component being liquid impermeable, Wherein, the liquid transport layer includes an array of hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials for guiding the liquid to flow through the functional components.

65. The absorbent pad of claim 64, wherein The functional component comprises a wicking layer for transferring liquid to the absorbent layer, the wicking layer comprising the liquid transport layer.

66. The absorbent pad of claim 65, wherein The hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials include hydrophobic and hydrophilic yarns that form channels for guiding the flow of liquid.

67. The absorbent pad of claim 65 or 66, wherein The wicking layer includes a linear array of hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials.

68. The absorbent pad of claim 67, wherein The wicking layer is made of the hydrophilic material and includes alternating lines of hydrophobic material disposed on top of the hydrophilic material.

69. The absorbent pad of claim 65, wherein The functional component comprises a top layer attached to the wicking layer and arranged to face the skin of a user in use, the top layer comprising the liquid transport layer.

70. The absorbent pad of claim 69, wherein The top layer includes an array of channels for directing liquid flow, the channels comprising a hydrophobic material.

71. The absorbent pad of claim 70, wherein The hydrophobic material includes a solidified polymer material that is patterned to form the channel.

72. A garment comprising: fabric body; an absorbent pad attached to the fabric body; as well as a liquid-impermeable barrier layer as part of the fabric body and / or as part of the absorbent pad, Wherein, the absorbent pad comprises: a functional component attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the functional component comprising: an absorbent layer attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the absorbent layer being adapted to absorb liquid; and a liquid transport layer attached to the absorbent layer, the liquid transport layer being arranged to face the skin of a user during use, the liquid transport layer being used to transfer liquid to the absorbent layer; and a perimeter component attached to a perimeter of the functional component, at least a portion of the perimeter component being liquid impermeable, Wherein, the liquid transport layer includes an array of hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials for guiding the liquid to flow through the functional components.

73. The garment of claim 72, wherein The functional component comprises a wicking layer for transferring liquid to the absorbent layer, the wicking layer comprising the liquid transport layer.

74. The garment of claim 73, wherein The hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials include hydrophobic and hydrophilic yarns that form channels for guiding the flow of liquid.

75. The garment of claim 73 or 74, wherein The wicking layer includes a linear array of hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials.

76. The garment of claim 75, wherein The wicking layer is made of the hydrophilic material and includes alternating lines of hydrophobic material disposed on top of the hydrophilic material.

77. The garment of claim 73, wherein The functional component comprises a top layer attached to the wicking layer and arranged to face the skin of a user in use, the top layer comprising the liquid transport layer.

78. The garment of claim 77, wherein The top layer includes an array of channels for directing liquid flow, the channels comprising a hydrophobic material.

79. The garment of claim 78, wherein The hydrophobic material includes a solidified polymer material that is patterned to form the channel.

80. An absorbent pad for clothing, the absorbent pad comprising: liquid-impermeable barrier layer; a functional component attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the functional component comprising: an absorbent layer attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the absorbent layer being adapted to absorb liquid; and a liquid detection layer attached to the absorbent layer, the liquid detection layer being arranged to face the skin of a user during use, the liquid detection layer being adapted to transfer liquid to the absorbent layer; and a perimeter component attached to a perimeter of the functional component, at least a portion of the perimeter component being liquid impermeable, Wherein, the liquid detection layer includes a hydrochromic material configured to change color in response to contact with liquid.

81. The absorbent pad of claim 80, wherein The functional component includes a wicking layer for transferring liquid to the absorbent layer, the wicking layer including a liquid detection layer.

82. The absorbent pad of claim 81, wherein The functional component comprises a top layer attached to the wicking layer and arranged to face the skin of a user in use, the top layer comprising a liquid detection layer.

83. A garment comprising: fabric body; an absorbent pad attached to the fabric body; as well as a liquid-impermeable barrier layer as part of the fabric body and / or as part of the absorbent pad, Wherein, the absorbent pad comprises: a functional component attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the functional component comprising: an absorbent layer attached to the liquid-impermeable barrier layer, the absorbent layer being adapted to absorb liquid; and a liquid detection layer attached to the absorbent layer, the liquid detection layer being arranged to face the skin of a user during use, the liquid detection layer being adapted to transfer liquid to the absorbent layer; and a perimeter component attached to a perimeter of the functional component, at least a portion of the perimeter component being liquid impermeable, Wherein, the liquid detection layer includes a hydrochromic material configured to change color in response to contact with liquid.

84. The garment of claim 83, wherein The functional component includes a wicking layer for transferring liquid to the absorbent layer, the wicking layer including a liquid detection layer.

85. The garment of claim 84, wherein The functional component comprises a top layer attached to the wicking layer and arranged to face the skin of a user in use, the top layer comprising a liquid detection layer.

Images