Adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizome traditional Chinese medicinal materials

Abstract

The adjustable multifunctional harvester comprises a digging shovel, a picking and shifting device, a medicine and soil separating device, a collecting box, a land wheel assembly and a depth limiting wheel assembly, the digging shovel is of a three-section structure, and the position of a movable shovel head in the horizontal direction is adjusted through a sliding supporting piece so as to adjust the breadth of the digging shovel; by adjusting the breadths of the digging shovel, the land wheel and the depth limiting wheel and adjusting the digging depth through the depth limiting wheel, the digging device can be suitable for harvesting operation with different digging depths and different breadths of various rhizome traditional Chinese medicinal materials such as radix isatidis, radix salviae miltiorrhizae, radix angelicae and Chinese herbaceous peony. The range that the harvester can be competent for harvesting operation is greatly expanded, and the applicability and universality of the harvester are improved. And a plurality of working procedures such as digging, picking, soil and pesticide separation, cleaning, conveying and collecting can be completed through one-time land entering, the land entering frequency is reduced, and resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Chinese medicinal material harvesting machinery, in particular to an adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials. Background Art

[0002] my country is a major producer and consumer of Chinese medicinal materials (TCMs). Rhizomes and root-derived herbs, owing to their unique medicinal value and widespread market demand, hold a crucial position in the TCM industry. The harvest quality of these herbs directly impacts their medicinal and economic value, particularly for rhizomes. The integrity of their root systems and the degree of epidermal damage are key factors in determining their quality.

[0003] There are many types of rhizome Chinese medicinal materials, such as: Isatis root, Astragalus, Codonopsis, Ginseng, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Licorice. Due to the different soil properties and root development conditions of different rhizome Chinese medicinal materials, the harvesting of different rhizome Chinese medicinal materials requires the use of corresponding harvesting devices. For example, Licorice and Astragalus have well-developed root systems and wide horizontal growth, so they require the use of harvesting devices with a wider shovel width and a shallower digging depth to ensure that the digging range covers the entire root system and avoid root breakage or omissions. Medicinal materials such as Ginseng and Codonopsis have deeper taproots and fewer lateral roots. These medicinal materials need to be harvested using a harvesting device with a narrower shovel width and a deeper digging depth to avoid damaging adjacent plants.

[0004] However, due to the above-mentioned agronomic conditions for harvesting, existing rhizomes are mostly harvested manually. Although manual harvesting ensures the integrity of the medicinal materials, the harvesting efficiency is extremely low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials, which can complete the harvesting operation of various rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials while ensuring the integrity of the medicinal materials and the efficiency of the operation.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] An adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials, comprising: an excavating shovel, comprising: a second shovel head, a back of which is provided with a bidirectional screw assembly, the feed direction of which is the width direction of the frame; a first shovel head and a third shovel head, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second shovel head through a sliding support, the sliding support being such as a bidirectional screw assembly, the first shovel head and the third shovel head being moved by the bidirectional screw assembly to adjust the width of the excavating shovel; a ground wheel assembly, comprising: two ground wheels, the center sleeve of each of the ground wheels being provided with a ground wheel The wheel shaft sleeve is slidably mounted on the ground wheel mounting rod of the frame; the depth limiting wheel assembly includes: a telescopic member, a fixed end of which is connected to the bottom of the frame and is located between the ground wheel assembly and the excavating shovel; a depth limiting wheel is arranged on the telescopic end of the telescopic member, and a mounting plate is provided on the fixed end of the telescopic member, and a depth limiting wheel fixing sleeve is provided on the mounting plate. The depth limiting wheel is slidably mounted on the depth limiting wheel bracket of the frame through the depth limiting wheel fixing sleeve, and a bolt hole is provided on the depth limiting wheel fixing sleeve, and a depth limiting wheel tightening bolt is arranged in the bolt hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the digging shovel is connected to the frame through a digging shovel bracket, and the digging shovel bracket includes: two side baffles, the two side baffles are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the first shovel head and the third shovel head, and a connection hole is opened at one end of the top of each side baffle, and a connecting sleeve is provided at the other end;

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an excavating shovel vibration assembly, which includes: a fixed connecting rod, which is arranged on the side baffle by passing through the two connecting holes, and the two ends of the fixed connecting rod are connected to the frame; a movable connecting rod, which is arranged on the side baffle by passing through the two connecting sleeves; an eccentric shaft, with eccentric wheels configured at both ends, the eccentric shaft is fixedly connected to a position deviated from the center of the eccentric wheel, the eccentric wheel is fixedly connected to the power shaft coaxially, and the two ends of the power shaft are supported on the frame by bearings, a pulley is fixed on the power shaft, and the power shaft is driven to rotate by a belt drive, and the eccentric shaft and the power shaft have an eccentricity; a connecting rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the movable connecting rod, and the other end is provided with a sleeve hole, the inner diameter of the sleeve hole is larger than the diameter of the eccentric shaft, and the other end of the connecting rod is sleeved on the eccentric shaft through the sleeve hole. A pulley is fixed on the power shaft, and is connected to the drive source through the pulley and belt to obtain power.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the ground wheel shaft sleeves is provided with a threaded hole extending through the sleeve along the thickness direction of the sleeve wall, and a fastening screw is disposed in the threaded hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the telescopic part includes: a threaded rod, one end of which is connected to the depth limiting wheel through a fixed plate; a threaded sleeve, one end of which is rotatably connected to the bottom of the frame, the threaded rod is sleeved inside the threaded sleeve, and a fixed limiting rod is connected between the threaded rod and the frame; a telescopic part driving source is used to drive the threaded sleeve to rotate.

[0012] Furthermore, the telescopic member driving source includes: an auxiliary rod, which is rotatably connected to the bottom of the frame and connected to the threaded sleeve through a belt transmission assembly; a driving rotating rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the auxiliary rod and the other end of which is provided with a handle.

[0013] Furthermore, since most rhizome Chinese medicinal herb harvesters currently on the market only solve the digging problem and have relatively simple functions, requiring manual secondary picking and collection operations, resulting in low production efficiency. The machine further includes: a picking and feeding device disposed on the frame and located obliquely above the digging shovel; a first medicinal herb soil separation device disposed on the frame and located on a side of the picking and feeding device away from the digging shovel; and a second medicinal herb soil separation device disposed on the frame and located on a side of the first medicinal herb soil separation device away from the picking and feeding device.

[0014] Furthermore, the picking and feeding device includes: a picking shaft, both ends of which are rotatably connected to the frame, the axial direction of the picking shaft being aligned with the feed direction of the bidirectional lead screw assembly; a picking roller, sleeved on the picking shaft, with multiple picking rod arrays provided on the side of the picking roller. Each picking rod array includes multiple picking rods arranged in a circular array around the picking roller. Each picking rod is threadedly connected to the circumference of the picking roller, and a flexible spring tooth is provided on the side away from the picking roller. The picking rod is made of 65Mn elastic steel, and the flexible spring tooth is a curved cylindrical rod with a rubber sleeve on the outside of the flexible spring tooth, allowing the picking rod to both pick up and move the medicinal materials while minimizing damage to the medicinal materials.

[0015] Furthermore, the first medicinal soil separation device and the second medicinal soil separation device are both transmission belt assembly chain screen rod structures, and the first medicinal soil separation device and the second medicinal soil separation device are both inclined, and the second medicinal soil separation device is also equipped with a vibration device.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a collection box, which is arranged on the frame and located below the end of the second medicine-soil separation device. The collection box is provided with a collection bag and a collection bag clamping device.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention can not only replace manual labor in harvesting rhizomes of medicinal materials, but also adopts a three-section structure, i.e., two movable shovel heads and one fixed shovel head, and realizes adjustment of the shovel width of the digging shovel through the two movable shovel heads in the horizontal direction through sliding supports. At the same time, the ground wheel can be adjusted in width on the ground wheel mounting rod through the ground wheel rotating shaft sleeve to match the width of the digging shovel, so that the harvester can perform harvesting operations within the required width range, and the shoveling depth of the digging shovel is controlled by the depth-limiting wheel assembly. By means of the digging shovel and ground wheel capable of adjusting the width and the depth-limiting wheel assembly capable of adjusting the shoveling depth of the digging shovel, the harvester can be applied to the harvesting operations of various rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials such as isatis root, salvia miltiorrhiza, angelica dahurica, and peony, thereby greatly improving the scope of harvesting operations that the harvester can handle.

[0019] 2. During operation, the vibration of the excavator's shovel's vibration assembly promotes the natural separation of soil from the herb rhizomes, ensuring a high harvest completeness rate while effectively avoiding the damage common with manual harvesting. Furthermore, for different soil properties, especially heavy and compacted soils, vibratory excavation overcomes the drawbacks of traditional tools that are prone to sticking and clogging, maintaining stable operating performance.

[0020] 3. The present invention can realize the one-time vine cutting, vibration excavation, picking, soil separation and centralized collection of various rhizome Chinese medicinal materials such as Isatis root, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Angelica dahurica, Paeonia lactiflora, etc. through the coordinated operation of the digging shovel, the picking and feeding device, the first medicinal soil separation device, the second medicinal soil separation device and the collection box. It has the characteristics of high efficiency, low loss and strong adaptability, can adapt to various cultivation modes and complex terrains, and effectively reduce the root and rhizome damage rate while improving the harvesting efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a front view of the overall structural diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a top view of the overall structural diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the excavating shovel of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the second shovel head of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the wheel assembly of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the depth limiting wheel fixing sleeve, depth limiting wheel fastening bolt and depth limiting wheel bracket of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7This is a front view of a schematic structural diagram of a depth-limiting wheel assembly of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the picking and delivering device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first drug-soil separation device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second drug-soil separation device of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, 1. Excavating shovel, 1-1. First shovel head, 1-2. Second shovel head, 1-3. Third shovel head, 1-4. Rocker arm, 1-5. Screw threaded sleeve, 1-6. Screw, 1-7. Connecting sleeve, 2. Excavating shovel bracket, 2-1. Side baffle, 2-2. Connecting hole, 2-3. Connecting sleeve, 3. Excavating shovel vibration assembly, 3-1. Fixed connecting rod, 3-2. Movable connecting rod, 3-3. Connecting rod, 3-4. Eccentric shaft, 3-5. Eccentric wheel, 3-6. Pulley, 3-7. Power shaft, 5. Depth limiting wheel assembly, 5-1. Depth limiting wheel, 5-2. Threaded rod, 5-3. Fixed plate, 5-4. Threaded sleeve, 5-5. Belt transmission assembly, 5-6. Auxiliary rod, 5 -7. Driving rod, 5-9. Depth-limiting wheel fixing sleeve, 5-10. Depth-limiting wheel fastening bolt, 6. Ground wheel assembly, 6-1. Ground wheel, 6-2. Ground wheel shaft sleeve, 6-3. Fastening screw, 8. Collection box, 9. Collection bag clamping device, 10. First medicine-soil separation device, 11. Second medicine-soil separation device, 12. Vibration device, 14. Frame, 14-1. Shock absorber support arm, 14-3. Ground wheel mounting rod, 14-5. Depth-limiting wheel bracket, 16. Three-point suspension traction device, 17. Picking and feeding device, 17-1. Picking roller, 17-2. Picking wheel axle, 17-3. Picking rod, 17-4. Flexible spring teeth, 19. Left side panel, 20. Right side panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following combination Figures 1 to 10 , a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is provided. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed, or operate in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features; and in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0034] Example

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials comprises: a frame 14, a digging shovel 1, a ground wheel assembly 6 and a depth-limiting wheel assembly 5. The frame 14 is connected to the tractor via a three-point suspension traction device 16. A left side wall panel 19 and a right side wall panel 20 are vertically provided on both sides of the frame 14. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the excavating shovel 1 includes: a first shovel head 1-1, a second shovel head 1-2, a third shovel head 1-3 and a sliding support. The second shovel head 1-2 is a fixed shovel head. The sliding support is a bidirectional screw assembly and is arranged on the back of the second shovel head 1-2. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the second shovel head 1-2 is convex, the front end width is smaller than the rear end width, and the feeding direction of the bidirectional screw assembly is the width direction of the excavator; the first shovel head 1-1 and the third shovel head 1-3 are movable shovel heads, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the front end of the second shovel head 1-2 through the bidirectional screw assembly, and are moved by the bidirectional screw assembly to adjust the width of the excavating shovel 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the bidirectional screw has a connecting sleeve 1-7, two screw threaded sleeves 1-5 and a screw 1-6. The connecting sleeve 1-7 and the screw threaded sleeve 1-5 are both connected to the back of the second shovel head 1-2 and are located on the same axis. The two screw threaded sleeves 1-5 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting sleeve 1-7. The screw 1-6 is a bidirectional screw rod, which is sleeved in the connecting sleeve 1-7 and the two screw threaded sleeves 1-5. The threads at both ends of the screw 1-6 correspond to the threads of the two screw threaded sleeves 1-5 respectively. The two screw threaded sleeves 1-5 slide on the back of the second shovel head 1-2 and limit axial rotation. The first The shovel head 1-1 and the third shovel head 1-3 are respectively connected to the two lead screw threaded sleeves 1-5, and a positioning pin hole is provided on a section of the connecting sleeve 1-7 and the lead screw 1-6 located inside the connecting sleeve 1-7. By inserting a positioning pin into the positioning pin hole, the axial rotation of the lead screw 1-6 is restricted; the device adopts a three-section structure, namely the first shovel head 1-1, the second shovel head 1-2 and the third shovel head 1-3, and the first shovel head 1-1 and the third shovel head 1-3 are adjusted in the horizontal direction respectively through the bidirectional lead screw assembly, so that the control is more precise, the operation is convenient and the use saves time, and the harvesting operation with different width requirements can be achieved; such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the ground wheel assembly 6 includes two ground wheels 6-1, and the center sleeve of each ground wheel 6-1 is sleeved with a ground wheel shaft sleeve 6-2, and the ground wheel shaft sleeve 6-2 is slidably sleeved on the ground wheel mounting rod 14-3 of the frame 14, and the ground wheel mounting rod 14-3 is connected to the frame 14 through the shock absorber support arm 14-1; Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the depth-gauging wheel assembly 5 includes a telescopic member and a depth-gauging wheel 5-1. The fixed end of the telescopic member is connected to the bottom of the frame 14 via a mounting plate and is located between the ground wheel assembly 6 and the digging shovel 1. The depth-gauging wheel 5-1 is mounted on the telescopic end of the telescopic member. A mounting plate is provided on the fixed end of the telescopic member, and a depth-gauging wheel fixing sleeve 5-9 is provided on the mounting plate. The depth-gauging wheel 5-1 is slidably mounted on the depth-gauging wheel bracket 114-5 of the frame 14 via the depth-gauging wheel fixing sleeve 5-9. The depth-gauging wheel fixing sleeve 5-9 is provided with a bolt hole, and a depth-gauging wheel fixing bolt 5-10 is disposed in the bolt hole. By adjusting the width of the digging shovel 1, the ground wheel 6-1, and the depth-gauging wheel 5-1, a variety of rhizome-based Chinese medicinal materials such as Isatis indigotica, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Angelica dahurica, and Paeonia lactiflora can be harvested. The depth-gauging wheel 5-1 can adapt to various cultivation modes and complex terrains, improving harvesting efficiency while effectively reducing rhizome damage.

[0036] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the excavating shovel 1 is connected to the frame 14 through the excavating shovel bracket 2. The excavating shovel bracket 2 includes two side baffles 2-1. The two side baffles 2-1 are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the first shovel head 1-1 and the third shovel head 1-3, and a connecting hole 2-2 is opened at one end of the top of each side baffle 2-1, and a connecting sleeve 2-3 is provided at the other end.

[0037] In some embodiments, as Figure 3As shown, the excavating shovel 1 is also equipped with an excavating shovel vibration assembly 3, which includes: the excavating shovel vibration assembly 3 includes: a fixed connecting rod 3-1, a movable connecting rod 3-2, an eccentric shaft 3-4 and a connecting rod 3-3, the fixed connecting rod 3-1 is arranged on the side baffle 2-1 by passing through two connecting holes 2-2, and the two ends of the fixed connecting rod 3-1 are connected to the frame 14 through bearing supports; the movable connecting rod 3-2 is arranged on the side baffle 2-1 by passing through two connecting sleeves 2-3, and the movable connecting rod 3-2 and the side baffle 2-1 can rotate relative to each other; the eccentric shaft 3-4 is equipped with eccentric wheels 3-5 at both ends, and the eccentric shaft 3-4 is fixedly connected to the position of the eccentric wheel 3-5 deviating from the center of the circle. The heart wheel 3-5 is fixedly connected to the power shaft 3-7 coaxially, and both ends of the power shaft 3-7 are supported on the frame 14 through bearings. A pulley 3-6 is fixed on the power shaft 3-7, and the power shaft 3-7 is driven to rotate by belt transmission. The eccentric shaft 3-4 and the power shaft 3-7 have an eccentricity; one end of the connecting rod 3-3 is fixedly connected to the movable connecting rod 3-2, and the other end is provided with a sleeve hole, the inner hole diameter of the sleeve hole is larger than the diameter of the eccentric shaft 3-4, and the other end of the connecting rod 3-3 is sleeved on the eccentric shaft 3-4 through the sleeve hole, and the clearance between the sleeve holes of the eccentric shaft 3-4 and the connecting rod 3-3 is matched. When the eccentric shaft 3-4 rotates eccentrically, it will continuously excite the connection 3-3, and then the excavating shovel 1 will vibrate through the connecting rod 3-3.

[0038] During the operation, vibration promotes the natural separation of soil from the herb rhizomes, ensuring a high harvest rate while effectively avoiding the damage common with manual harvesting. For diverse soil types, especially heavy, compacted soils, vibratory excavation overcomes the drawbacks of traditional tools, such as their tendency to clog and clog, while maintaining stable performance.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, each ground wheel shaft sleeve 6-2 is provided with a threaded hole along the thickness direction of its wall, and a fastening screw 6-3 is arranged in the threaded hole. After loosening the fastening screw 6-3, the ground wheel shaft sleeve 6-2 can slide along the ground wheel mounting rod 14-3 to adjust the width of the ground wheel 6-1.

[0040] like Figure 7 As shown, the telescopic member includes a threaded rod 5-2, a threaded sleeve 5-4, and a telescopic member drive source. One end of the threaded rod 5-2 is connected to the depth-gating wheel 5-1 via a fixed plate 5-3. One end of the threaded sleeve 5-4 is rotatably connected to a mounting plate at the bottom of the frame 14. The threaded rod 5-2 is sleeved within the threaded sleeve 5-4, and a fixed stop rod is connected between the threaded rod 5-2 and the frame 14. The telescopic member drive source is used to drive the threaded sleeve 5-4 to rotate. The telescopic member allows the height of the depth-gating wheel 5-1 to be adjusted from 250mm to 500mm to meet the requirements of different excavation depths. A fixing mechanism is provided on the mounting plate to secure the threaded sleeve 5-4 after the adjusted height position is reached.

[0041] The driving source of the telescopic part includes: an auxiliary rod 5-6 and a driving rotating rod 5-7. The auxiliary rod 5-6 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the frame 14 and is connected to the threaded sleeve 5-4 through a belt transmission assembly; one end of the driving rotating rod 5-7 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary rod 5-6, and the other end is provided with a handle.

[0042] In some embodiments, since most rhizome Chinese medicinal material harvesters on the market currently only solve the digging problem and have relatively simple functions, manual secondary picking and collection operations are required, resulting in low production efficiency. Figures 8-10 As shown, the harvester further includes: a picking and feeding device 17, a first medicine-soil separation device 10 and a second medicine-soil separation device 11, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the picking and feeding device 17 is arranged on the frame 14 and is located obliquely above the excavating shovel 1; the first drug-soil separation device 10 is arranged on the frame 14 and is located on the side of the picking and feeding device 17 away from the excavating shovel 1; the second drug-soil separation device 11 is arranged on the frame 14 and is located on the side of the first drug-soil separation device 10 away from the picking and feeding device 17.

[0043] like Figure 8 As shown, the picking and feeding device 17 includes: a picking shaft 17-2 and a picking roller 17-1. Both ends of the picking shaft 17-2 are rotatably connected to the frame 14, and the axial direction of the picking shaft 17-2 is consistent with the feeding direction of the bidirectional screw assembly; the picking roller 17-1 is sleeved on the picking shaft 17-2, and a plurality of picking rod arrays are provided on the side of the picking roller 17-1. Each picking rod array includes a plurality of picking rods 17-3 arranged in a circular array with the picking roller 17-1 as the axis. Each picking rod 17-3 is threadedly connected to the circumferential side of the picking roller 17-1, and a section away from the picking roller 17-1 is configured as a curved flexible spring tooth 17-4. The material of the picking rod 17-3 is 65Mn elastic steel, and the flexible spring tooth 17-4 is a curved cylindrical rod. A rubber sleeve is provided on the outside of the flexible spring tooth 17-4 so that the picking rod 17-3 can pick up and move the medicinal materials while reducing damage to the medicinal materials.

[0044] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the first medicinal soil separation device 10 and the second medicinal soil separation device 11 are both transmission belt assembly chain screen rod structures, and the first medicinal soil separation device 10 and the second medicinal soil separation device 11 are both inclined, and the second medicinal soil separation device 11 is also equipped with a vibration device 12.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the harvester also includes a collecting box 8, which is arranged on the frame 14 and is located below the end of the second drug-soil separation device 11. A collecting bag is arranged inside the collecting box 8, and a collecting bag clamping device 9 is provided.

[0046] The above disclosures are only several preferred specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials, comprising: A frame (14) and an excavating shovel (4), a picking and feeding device (17) and a medicine-soil separation device arranged on the frame (14), characterized in that the excavating shovel (1) comprises: a fixed shovel head and two movable shovel heads, the two movable shovel heads being arranged on both sides of the fixed shovel head through sliding supports and being able to move horizontally along the lateral direction of the harvester to adjust the width of the excavating shovel (1); The frame (14) is also provided with an excavating shovel vibration assembly (3), a ground wheel assembly (6) and a depth-limiting wheel assembly (5); The digging shovel vibration assembly (3) is used to vibrate the digging shovel (1); The ground wheel assembly (6) comprises: two ground wheels (6-1), the center of each ground wheel (6-1) is sleeved with a ground wheel rotating shaft sleeve (6-2), and the ground wheel rotating shaft sleeve (6-2) is slidably sleeved on a ground wheel mounting rod (14-3) of a frame (14); The depth-limiting wheel assembly (5) comprises: a telescopic member, a fixed end of which is provided with a mounting plate; a depth-limiting wheel (5-1) connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic member; a depth-limiting wheel fixing sleeve (5-9) provided on the mounting plate and slidably sleeved on a depth-limiting wheel bracket (14-5) of a machine frame (14); a bolt hole is provided on the depth-limiting wheel fixing sleeve (5-9), and a depth-limiting wheel fastening bolt (5-10) is arranged in the bolt hole.

2. The adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed shovel head is a second shovel head (1-2), the two movable shovel heads are respectively a first shovel head (1-1) and a third shovel head (1-3), the digging shovel (1) is connected to a frame (14) via a digging shovel bracket (2), and the digging shovel bracket (2) comprises: Two side baffles (2-1) are respectively arranged on the outer side surfaces of the first shovel head (1-1) and the third shovel head (1-3), and a connection hole (2-2) is provided at one end of the top of each side baffle (2-1), and a connection sleeve (2-3) is provided at the other end.

3. The adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The excavating shovel vibration assembly (3) comprises: A fixed connecting rod (3-1) is provided on the side baffle (2-1) by passing through the two connecting holes (2-2), and both ends of the fixed connecting rod (3-1) are supported on the frame (14) through bearings; A movable connecting rod (3-2) is provided on the side baffle (2-1) by passing through the two connecting sleeves (2-3), and the movable connecting rod (3-2) and the side baffle (2-1) rotate relative to each other; An eccentric shaft (3-4) is provided with eccentric wheels (3-5) at both ends. The eccentric shaft (3-4) is fixedly connected to a position of the eccentric wheel (3-5) that deviates from the center of the circle. The eccentric wheel (3-5) is fixedly connected to a power shaft (3-7) coaxially. Both ends of the power shaft (3-7) are supported on a frame (14) through bearings. A pulley (3-6) is fixed on the power shaft (3-7) to drive the power shaft (3-7) to rotate through a belt transmission. There is an eccentricity between the eccentric shaft (3-4) and the power shaft (3-7). The connecting rod (3-3) has one end fixedly connected to the movable connecting rod (3-2) and a sleeve hole formed at the other end. The inner diameter of the sleeve hole is larger than the diameter of the eccentric shaft (3-4), and the other end of the connecting rod (3-3) is sleeved on the eccentric shaft (3-4) through the sleeve hole.

4. The adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the ground wheel shaft sleeves (6-2) is provided with a threaded hole extending through it along the thickness direction of its wall, and a fastening screw (6-3) is arranged in the threaded hole.

5. The adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic member comprises: A threaded rod (5-2), one end of which is connected to the depth-limiting wheel (5-1) via a fixing plate (5-3); A threaded sleeve (5-4) has one end rotatably connected to the bottom of the frame (14); the threaded rod (5-2) is sleeved inside the threaded sleeve (5-4); and a fixed limiting rod is connected between the threaded rod (5-2) and the frame (14); The telescopic member driving source is used to drive the threaded sleeve (5-4) to rotate.

6. The adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic member driving source includes: An auxiliary rod (5-6) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the frame (14) and is connected to the threaded sleeve (5-4) via a belt transmission assembly; The driving rotating rod (5-7) has one end fixedly connected to the auxiliary rod (5-6) and the other end provided with a handle.

7. The adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medicinal soil separation device comprises: a first medicinal soil separation device (10), which is arranged on the frame (14) and located on a side of the picking and feeding device (17) away from the digging shovel (1); and a second medicinal soil separation device (11), which is arranged on the frame (14) and located on a side of the first medicinal soil separation device (10) away from the picking and feeding device (17).

8. The adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The picking and delivering device (17) is located obliquely above the digging shovel (1), and the picking and delivering device (17) comprises: A picking shaft (17-2) is rotatably connected to the frame (14) at both ends, and the axial direction of the picking shaft (17-2) is consistent with the feeding direction of the bidirectional screw assembly; A picking roller (17-1) is sleeved on the picking shaft (17-2); a plurality of picking rod arrays are provided on the side of the picking roller (17-1); each picking rod array comprises a plurality of picking rods (17-3) arranged in a ring array with the picking roller (17-1) as the axis; each picking rod (17-3) is threadedly connected to the circumference of the picking roller (17-1), and a section away from the picking roller (17-1) is configured as a curved flexible spring tooth (17-4).

9. The adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first medicinal soil separation device (10) and the second medicinal soil separation device (11) are both transmission belt assembly chain screen rod structures, and the first medicinal soil separation device (10) and the second medicinal soil separation device (11) are both inclined, and the second medicinal soil separation device (11) is also equipped with a vibration device (12).

10. The adjustable multifunctional harvester for rhizomes of Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a collection box (8) which is arranged on the frame (14) and is located below the end of the second medicine-soil separation device (11). The collection box (8) is provided with a collection bag and a collection bag clamping device (9).

Images