Planting method for planting spring wheat and soybeans in one season in Sannorth, North and South regions

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a one-season two-planting and three-harvesting planting method for spring wheat and soybeans in the Sannorth-North region. According to the method, the constraint of the traditional planting concept and planting mode in the northern single-cropping agricultural area is broken through, a brand-new technical system and a brand-new planting mode for realizing one-season two-planting and three-harvesting of the spring wheat and the soybeans in the northern single-cropping agricultural area are created by taking technical innovation as a support and taking planting mode innovation design as a carrier, the multiple cropping index reaches 2.0, the multiple cropping income ratio reaches 2.0-2.8, and the yield of the spring wheat and the soybeans in the northern single-cropping agricultural area is increased. The total yield of 30-40% of green feed, 60-70% of wheat and 100% of soybeans is achieved on unit land.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, in particular to a planting method for three crops in one season of spring wheat and soybeans in the Three North regions. Background Art

[0002] In the vast winter wheat planting area south of the Great Wall of my country, due to the warm climate and long frost-free period, the wheat-corn double-cropping pattern is generally adopted ( Figure 1 ), that is, winter wheat is planted in September and October, enters the winter dormancy period in November and December, turns green and grows in February and March of the following year, and is mature and harvested in May and June.

[0003] In the high-latitude or high-altitude areas in the north, climatic conditions can only ensure the maturity of one season's crops. Therefore, only one season of wheat, corn, soybeans or other crops can be planted in a year, becoming a single-season planting area with one harvest per season.

[0004] Since the frost-free period in a single-season planting area is only about 150 days, and it takes at least 210 days to plant one season of spring wheat and one season of soybeans, people generally adopt a one-crop-a-year planting model to engage in grain production.

[0005] The reason why my country's soybean production is far less than demand is that the planting area is small, and the reason for the small planting area is that soybean planting has low yield and poor benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a planting method for spring wheat and soybeans in the Three North regions with two crops and three harvests in one season. The present invention aims to break through the constraints of traditional planting concepts and planting patterns in the northern single-season agricultural areas, and with technological innovation as the support and innovative design of planting patterns as the carrier, to create a new technical system and a new planting pattern that realizes spring wheat-soybean in one season with two crops and three harvests in the northern single-season planting areas. After five years of unremitting efforts, the research team has successfully realized a new planting method and new pattern of wheat-soybean in one season with two crops and three harvests in the vast northern single-season planting areas through breakthrough innovation and gradual improvement of theory and technology, that is, in one production season of a piece of land, wheat and soybeans are planted once, green fodder wheat is harvested once, grain wheat is harvested once, and soybeans are harvested once.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a planting method for spring wheat and soybeans in the Three North regions, which can be harvested three times in one season, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: In early April, the spring wheat is planted in high and low densities, wherein the width of the low-density planting belt of the spring wheat is 50-70 cm; the width of the high-density planting belt of the spring wheat is 30-50 cm, and the high and low density planting belts of the spring wheat are alternately distributed;

[0010] Step 2: In mid-to-late June, harvesting the spring wheat in the high-density planting zone during the wheat filling period, rotary tilling and then planting soybeans;

[0011] Step 3: harvesting the spring wheat in the low-density planting zone of the spring wheat in mid-July, and spraying the soybeans with a compound liquid fertilizer of EM microbial agent, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and sodium nitrophenolate compound solution;

[0012] Step 4: harvesting the soybeans in early October.

[0013] The three north regions mentioned in the present invention include Northeast China, North China and Northwest China.

[0014] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, after the spring wheat in the low-density planting zone is harvested, the method further comprises spreading the spring wheat straw between the soybean rows.

[0015] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the wheat varieties used in the low-density planting belt of spring wheat include Xiaobingmai and / or Bamai No. 13; the wheat varieties used in the high-density planting belt of spring wheat include one or more of Wuchun No. 11, Ningchun No. 15 or Bamai No. 13.

[0016] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the soybean varieties include one or more of Zhongdou 28, Changmidou 30, Henong 71, Heinong 93, Kennong 38 or Kennong 31.

[0017] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the sowing amount of the low-density planting zone of spring wheat includes 40-50 jin / mu; the sowing amount of the high-density planting zone of spring wheat includes 48-60 jin / mu.

[0018] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the soybean sowing rate includes 18,000 to 25,000 seeds per mu.

[0019] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the soybeans are planted in double rows with a row spacing of 20 to 30 cm, or in a single row.

[0020] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the soybeans are treated with paclobutrazol wettable powder before planting.

[0021] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of the paclobutrazol wettable powder includes 15% (w / w); preferably, the drug ratio of the paclobutrazol wettable powder includes (0.5-1.0) g:1 kg.

[0022] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the compound liquid fertilizer includes: 0.1wt%~0.2wt% of EM microbial agent, 0.5wt%~1.0wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.0008wt%~0.0015wt% of sodium nitrophenolate compound solution.

[0023] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the spraying amount of the compound liquid fertilizer is 30-60 kg / mu.

[0024] The positive effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. Provide a revolutionary technology system for single-crop agricultural areas in northern China, achieving two crops and three harvests in one season: wheat and beans, which can significantly increase grain output per unit area;

[0026] 2. Provide farmers in northern single-crop agricultural areas with a new planting technology program to increase grain yield per unit area, achieving a multiple cropping index of 2.0 and a multiple cropping benefit ratio of 2.0-2.8. This program will achieve a total output of 30-40% green fodder, 60-70% wheat, and 100% soybeans per unit land, exponentially increasing farmers' farming efficiency and economic income.

[0027] 3. The technical solution provided by the present invention can obtain an additional 30-40% green fodder and 60-70% wheat output compared to traditional soybean cultivation;

[0028] 4. The new planting model provided by the present invention can produce an additional 5 tons of wheat and about 20 tons of wheat straw per hectare, which can be decomposed and returned to the fields in the same season to improve soil fertility. The additional 25 tons of biomass produced can capture and solidify 35 tons of carbon dioxide, which is of great practical significance for the sustainable use of land resources and the protection of the ecological environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments or the prior art.

[0030] Figure 1 Indicates double cropping of wheat and corn in winter wheat growing areas;

[0031] Figure 2 The innovative design of the demonstration model makes it possible to produce two crops and three harvests in one season in single-season areas;

[0032] Figure 3 The spatial distribution of crops in the "one season, two crops, three harvests" planting model is shown;

[0033] Figure 4 Shows wheat growing in a wheat-bean two-crop three-harvest experimental field (15 mu) planted in Helong Town, Nong'an County, Jilin Province in 2025;

[0034] Figure 5 Shows wheat growing in a wheat-bean two-crop three-harvest experimental field (10 mu) planted in Gongzhuling National Agricultural High-tech Zone, Jilin Province in 2025;

[0035] Figure 6 Indicates that feed wheat will be harvested in mid-to-late June to make room for soybean planting;

[0036] Figure 7 It is suggested that the land after the feed wheat is cut should be plowed and soybeans should be planted in time. The wheat should be harvested in mid-July, and then all the space should be freed up for soybean growth.

[0037] Figure 8 The results show that soybeans were sown in the soybean planting belt after the forage wheat was harvested;

[0038] Figure 9 Shows the symbiosis of wheat and soybeans. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention discloses a planting method for three crops of spring wheat and soybeans in one season in the Three North Regions. Those skilled in the art can refer to the contents of this article and appropriately improve the process parameters to achieve the planting method. It is particularly important to point out that all similar replacements and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art and are considered to be included in the present invention. The methods and applications of the present invention have been described through preferred embodiments, and relevant personnel can obviously modify or appropriately change and combine the methods and applications described herein without departing from the content, spirit and scope of the present invention to implement and apply the technology of the present invention.

[0040] The present invention provides a technical solution for achieving three harvests of wheat and beans in one season in the northern single-season planting area. The main contents of the invention are as follows:

[0041] 1. Innovation in planting pattern design: Combining innovative technical measures such as "differential density sowing", "removing green stubble", "planting beans at different times", "cross symbiosis", and "removing wheat and supplementing beans" enables the northern single-season agricultural areas to achieve the planting effect of wheat and soybeans in one season with two crops and three harvests, which can only be achieved in 210 days during the frost-free period of about 150 days.

[0042] 1. "Differential density sowing": When sowing wheat in early spring, different sowing densities are adopted. Sowing is carried out at normal density with a bandwidth of 50 to 70 cm, and at high density with a bandwidth of 30 to 50 cm, which is 20 to 30% higher than the normal sowing amount. The two different density sowing belts are distributed alternately.

[0043] 2. "Removing green stubble and eliminating stubble": By mid-June, wheat enters the grain-filling stage. The wheat planted in high-density planting zones in the grain-filling stage is cut off and used as green fodder. Then the stubble is eliminated by rotary tillage to free up land for the next soybean planting.

[0044] 3. "Staggered Soybean Planting": In northern single-crop agricultural regions, soybeans are typically planted in late April to early May. To ensure both wheat maturity and soybean planting and harvest, this plan adopts staggered sowing. Soybean varieties with a growth period of 105-115 days are selected. Sowing is done in double rows (or single rows at higher density) with a spacing of 20-30 cm, simultaneously with stubble removal, ensuring harvest by the first frost.

[0045] 4. "Cross-symbiosis": Grain wheat matures in mid-July, meaning soybean seeds and seedlings grow alongside maturing wheat for nearly a month. Therefore, minimizing wheat's impact on and shading of soybean seedlings is key to a high soybean yield. Key technical measures include: First, sowing wheat in north-south strips to maximize sunlight exposure for soybean seedlings; second, treating soybean seeds with paclobutrazol before sowing to control their growth height; and third, suppressing soybean seedlings after sowing to ensure they grow strong and sturdy.

[0046] 5. "Remove Wheat and Add Soybeans": Wheat matures in mid-July. Harvest promptly and spread wheat straw between soybean rows to suppress weeds and prevent decomposition. Due to the prolonged shading from the wheat, soybean seedlings, having just gained full growth space, are not in strong condition. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium nitrophenolate, and microbial agents are needed to supplement nutrients and strengthen the soybeans, ensuring a normal yield during the autumn harvest.

[0047] When soybeans have obtained all the growing space, field management should be strengthened immediately, especially the timely application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, microbial fertilizers, and trace elements such as boron, molybdenum, manganese, and zinc to ensure that soybeans grow healthily and produce a good harvest.

[0048] 2. Implementation steps are as follows:

[0049] 1. Variety Selection and Differential Sowing Density: Before sowing early spring wheat, seed selection should be done. For grain harvest, choose short-stemmed, high-yielding, early-maturing, and well-resistant spring wheat varieties (such as Xiaobingmai and Bamai No. 13). For green fodder, choose sturdy, densely populated, and lodging-resistant spring wheat varieties (Wuchun No. 11 and Ningchun No. 15). Plant both varieties in combination. In early April, wheat should be sown at varying densities. For belts with a width of 50-70 cm, sow at a normal rate of 40-50 jin / mu. For belts with a width of 30-50 cm, sow at a higher rate of 20-30% (48-60 jin / mu), alternating between the two density bands. Plant protection for wheat is the same as for conventional planting.

[0050] 2. “Removing green stubble” to “change the cage for new birds”: By mid-June, when wheat enters the grain filling period, the wheat planted in high-density planting zones is cut off and used as green fodder, and then the stubble is tilled to make room for the next soybean planting, which is like “changing the cage for new birds” and “changing wheat for beans”.

[0051] 3. "Staggered Soybean Planting" to Save Time: In northern single-season agricultural areas, soybeans are typically planted in late April to early May. To ensure both wheat maturity and soybean harvest, this plan employs staggered planting. Soybean varieties with a growth period of 100-115 days, such as Zhongdou 28, Changmidou 30, Henong 71, Heinong 93, Kennong 38, and Kennong 31, are selected. Soybeans are planted simultaneously with stubble removal, in double rows (or single rows at high density) with a 20 cm spacing, at a sowing rate of 18,000-25,000 seeds per mu. By staggering the planting of soybeans within wheat stubble, soybeans gain nearly a month of growth time, ensuring they mature and can be harvested before frost.

[0052] 4. Comprehensive regulation to promote "cross-symbiosis": Wheat matures in mid-July, meaning soybean seeds and seedlings need to "cross-symbiosis" with maturing wheat for nearly a month. Minimizing the impact of wheat on soybean seedlings and shading during this period is key to a high soybean yield. First, wheat should be sown in north-south strips to ensure the soybean seedlings receive more sunlight. Second, before sowing, treat soybean seeds with 15% (w / w) paclobutrazol wettable powder (0.5-1.0 g / kg) to control excessive growth in low light conditions. Third, suppress the soybean seedlings after sowing to ensure they grow strong and sturdy.

[0053] 5. "Remove Wheat and Supplement Soybean Planting" to Strengthen Seedlings and Promote Growth: Wheat matures in mid-July. Harvest promptly and spread wheat straw between soybean rows to suppress weeds and return it to the field. Due to the prolonged shading from the wheat, the soybean seedlings, having just gained full growth space, are not in strong condition. A combined solution of 0.1%-0.2% (w / w) EM microbial inoculant (manufactured by Guangdong Lihao Bio-Agriculture Co., Ltd., in 40-jin barrels), 0.5%-1.0% (w / w) potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.5g of 1.5% sodium nitrophenolate (at a rate of 30 kg / mu) should be sprayed once to supplement nutrients and strengthen seedlings and promote growth. Other plant protection measures remain the same as for conventional planting until soybeans mature and are harvested.

[0054] By following the above plan, the northern single-season planting areas can achieve two crops and three harvests in one season: wheat and soybeans. That is, in one production season, wheat is planted once in early April and soybeans are planted once in mid-June; 30-40% of green fodder wheat is harvested once in mid-June, 60-70% of grain wheat is harvested once in mid-July, and 100% of soybeans is harvested once in early October.

[0055] If limited by factors such as market sales or mechanical harvesting difficulties, this plan can omit the planting and harvesting of silage wheat and choose to reserve appropriate space for soybean planting to achieve double harvests of wheat and soybeans in one season. The multiple cropping index can still reach 1.7, and the multiple cropping benefit ratio can reach 2.3 (due to the dilution of land costs due to multiple cropping, the multiple cropping benefit ratio is greater than the multiple cropping index), that is, the increase in production and income of 70% wheat and 100% soybeans.

[0056] The innovation of the present invention lies in:

[0057] 1. This invention completely overturns the traditional separate planting model of spring wheat and soybeans in northern single-season agricultural areas, creatively realizing a new planting model of wheat and soybeans in northern single-season agricultural areas, with two crops and three harvests in one season. It also pioneered the double cropping of grain and oil crops in northern single-season agricultural areas. Its multiple cropping index (the ratio of the crop planting area per unit area of ​​arable land to the arable land area in a year) reaches 2.0; the multiple cropping benefit ratio (the ratio of the total multiple cropping benefit to the benefit of traditional single cropping) reaches 2.0-2.8. In addition, its planting method, plant protection content, and supporting technology are all significantly different from traditional planting models, and it has obvious novelty.

[0058] 2. This invention is based on the traditional concept of "one harvest per season" in single-season agricultural areas. It is based on technical innovations such as "differential seeding density," "removing green stubble," "staggered bean planting," "cross symbiosis," and "eliminating wheat and supplementing beans." It uses the innovative design of the "wheat-bean one season, two crops, three harvests" planting model as a carrier. This allows northern single-season agricultural areas to successfully achieve wheat-bean one season, two crops, three harvests. From the breakthrough innovation in planting concepts to the innovative application of technical measures, it demonstrates unquestionable innovation.

[0059] 3. The technical system for growing wheat and beans in one season, two crops and three harvests in northern single-season agricultural areas created by the present invention is mature in technology, simple in operation, low in cost, and exponentially improves land utilization and planting benefits, and is easy to replicate and promote. At the same time, the new planting scheme of wheat and beans in one season, two crops and three harvests, provided by the present invention, has huge potential for grain production, especially soybean production.

[0060] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials and reagents used in the planting method for three crops in one season of spring wheat and soybeans in the Three North regions provided by the present invention can all be purchased from the market.

[0061] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments:

[0062] Example 1

[0063] Before spring wheat planting, wheat was sown in early April (April 3rd in this case) using different sowing densities. The standard sowing density for wheat was 50 cm wide strips at 45 catties / mu, while the high density for wheat was 40 cm wide strips at 55 catties / mu. The two different sowing density strips were alternated. After sowing, plant protection and management were the same as for conventional wheat cultivation.

[0064] 2. By mid-June, when wheat enters the grain filling stage (June 25 in this case), the wheat planted in high-density planting zones is harvested and used as green fodder, and then the stubble is tilled to make way for the next soybean planting.

[0065] 3. Soybean sowing is performed on the same day as the forage wheat is harvested (in this case, June 25th) to maximize soybean growth time. In this case, the soybean variety Kennong 31, with a 110-day growth period, was chosen. Sowing was done in double rows with a 20-centimeter spacing, simultaneously with stubble removal, to ensure harvest during the frost season.

[0066] 4. Soybean seeds and seedlings need to grow alongside maturing wheat for approximately one month. To reduce the impact of wheat on the soybean seedlings and their shading, we implemented the following measures: First, wheat was sown in a north-south strip pattern to maximize sunlight exposure for the soybean seedlings. Second, soybean seeds were treated with 15% (w / w) paclobutrazol wettable powder (0.5-1.0 g / kg) before sowing to control seedling height. Third, soybean seedlings were pressed down after sowing to ensure they grew sturdy and robust. Yield results indicate that these technical measures are effective.

[0067] By mid-July, when wheat matures (July 14th in this case), harvest promptly and spread the wheat straw between the soybean rows to suppress weeds and return it to the field. Prepare a solution containing 60 kg of a mixture containing 0.1%-0.2% (w / w) EM microbial agent (manufactured by Guangdong Lihao Bio-Agriculture Co., Ltd., in a 40-jin bucket), 0.5%-1.0% (w / w) potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.5 g of 1.5% sodium nitrophenolate. Apply 30 kg / mu once to help replenish nutrients and strengthen seedlings and promote growth, ensuring a normal autumn harvest yield. By mid-October, soybeans are ready for mechanical harvest (October 12th in this case).

[0068] In 2024, a one-hectare experimental field in Chenjiadian Village, Helong Town, Nong'an County, Jilin Province, harvested 6.2 tons of wheat for silage, 4,750.5 kilograms of wheat grain, and 2,561.3 kilograms of soybeans. The experimental planting achieved a multiple cropping index of 2.0 and a multiple cropping benefit ratio of 2.65, resulting in satisfactory grain and soybean output and economic benefits. This practice demonstrates the technological advancement, rationality, and practical feasibility of the "wheat and soybean cropping plan for a single season with three crops, one crop, and three harvests" in northern China.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] In 2025, a wheat-bean two-crop three-harvest experimental field (15 mu) was planted in Helong Town, Nong'an County, Jilin Province using the method of Example 1. Currently, 6.1 tons of green wheat for silage have been harvested per hectare.

[0071] In 2025, a wheat-soybean two-crop, three-harvest experimental field (10 mu) was planted in the Gongzhuling National Agricultural High-Tech Zone in Jilin Province using the method of Example 1. In mid-to-late June, the fodder wheat was harvested to clear space for soybean planting. The land after the fodder wheat harvest was then plowed and soybeans were planted immediately. In mid-July, the wheat was harvested, and all the space was cleared for soybean growth. Soybeans were then sown in the soybean planting area after the fodder wheat harvest. Currently, 4.1 tons of silage wheat has been harvested per hectare.

[0072] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planting method for spring wheat and soybeans in the Three North regions with two crops and three harvests in one season, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: In early April, the spring wheat is planted in high and low densities, wherein the width of the low-density planting belt of the spring wheat is 50-70 cm; the width of the high-density planting belt of the spring wheat is 30-50 cm, and the high and low density planting belts of the spring wheat are alternately distributed; Step 2: In mid-to-late June, harvesting the spring wheat in the high-density planting zone during the wheat filling period, rotary tilling and then planting soybeans; Step 3: harvesting the spring wheat in the low-density planting zone of the spring wheat in mid-July, and spraying the soybeans with a compound liquid fertilizer of EM microbial agent, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and sodium nitrophenolate compound solution; Step 4: harvesting the soybeans in early to mid-October.

2. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein The wheat varieties used in the low-density planting zone of spring wheat include Xiaobingmai and / or Bamai No. 13; the wheat varieties used in the high-density planting zone of spring wheat include one or more of Wuchun No. 11, Ningchun No. 15 or Bamai No.

13.

3. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein The soybean varieties include one or more of Zhongdou 28, Changmidou 30, Henong 71, Heinong 93, Kennong 38 or Kennong 31.

4. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein The sowing amount of the low-density planting zone of spring wheat includes 40-50 jin / mu; the sowing amount of the high-density planting zone of spring wheat includes 48-60 jin / mu.

5. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein: The sowing amount of the soybeans includes 18,000 to 25,000 seeds per mu.

6. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein: After the spring wheat in the low-density planting zone of spring wheat is harvested, the method further comprises the step of scattering the spring wheat straw between the soybean rows.

7. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein: The soybeans are planted in double rows with a row spacing of 20 to 30 cm, or in single rows.

8. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein: Before the soybeans are planted, paclobutrazol wettable powder is used for seed dressing.

9. The planting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The concentration of the paclobutrazol wettable powder includes 15% (w / w); the drug ratio of the paclobutrazol wettable powder includes (0.5-1.0) g:1 kg.

10. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein: The compound liquid fertilizer comprises: 0.1wt%-0.2wt% of EM microbial agent, 0.5wt%-1.0wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.0008wt%-0.0015wt% of sodium nitrophenolate compound liquid.

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