Cultivation method of special kudzu for fibers

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method of special kudzu for fibers, which can enable the growth shape of the vine of the kudzu to be in a long strip shape through a mold with a simple structure and a U-shaped groove, so that the length of the kudzu can be increased, and corresponding agronomic technical measures including kudzu putting, timely harvesting and reasonable topdressing are matched. The method has the advantages of being simple in operation, low in cost, high in yield, convenient to harvest, good in fiber quality and the like, and therefore sustainable supply of kudzu vine fiber resources can be achieved, and social development requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a kudzu vine planting and cultivation method, and in particular to a kudzu vine cultivation method for fiber. Background Art

[0002] Pueraria montana var. lobata, also known as kudzu vine, wild kudzu, wild mountain kudzu, mountain kudzu vine, and kudzu root, is a vine in the Leguminosae family. It is distributed throughout most of China, except Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Tibet. It grows at altitudes between 300 and 1500 meters, often in patches, in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, and Taiwan. Pueraria lobata is a perennial vine in the Leguminosae family, widely distributed in my country, particularly in southern my country. Its roots, stems, and vines are all used medicinally. When used as forage and feed processing raw materials, it can be used to prevent and treat certain animal diseases, demonstrating its excellent compatibility as both a feed and a medicine.

[0003] Kudzu fiber is one of the earliest plant fibers used in textiles. It is primarily used to weave carpets, wallpaper, tapestries, and other linen and silk products. It rivals silk products in color, strength, elasticity, and abrasion resistance, surpassing silk products in color, strength, elasticity, and abrasion resistance, while also offering greater economic and practical value. In recent years, with improvements in processing technology and a growing interest in natural, green products, kudzu fiber products have garnered increasing attention.

[0004] In the wild, kudzu is only found in deep, dense forests and on the shady sides of forests, near streams and on moist ground. Because kudzu vines twist and turn in their natural environment, they are difficult to collect. Naturally grown kudzu vines are typically curved, thin, and have low yields. However, when people need to process kudzu vine fiber into other products, existing kudzu vines are no longer sufficient.

[0005] Traditional artificial cultivation of kudzu is mostly for the purpose of harvesting kudzu roots. Kudzu vine fiber is harvested when the kudzu roots are harvested, and kudzu vines are harvested one year at a time. Moreover, the harvested kudzu vines are mostly bent and coiled due to the cultivation on poles and racks. Harvesting the vines is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and is not easy, which increases the difficulty of producing, processing and utilizing kudzu vine fiber. With the improvement of people's quality of life, there is an increasing demand for kudzu vine fiber products, which can no longer meet the market demand. Therefore, a fiber-specific kudzu vine cultivation method is urgently needed to produce a large amount of high-quality kudzu vine fiber. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a cultivation method of kudzu vine for fiber production.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for cultivating kudzu vine for fiber production comprises the following steps:

[0009] (1) Select Pueraria seedlings:

[0010] Select seedlings of kudzu varieties with high kudzu fiber yield and good fiber quality;

[0011] (2) Transplanting kudzu seedlings:

[0012] Transplant the selected kudzu seedlings after the spring rain in March or April, when the temperature is stable at 15°C and the soil temperature is 17°C.

[0013] (3) Place the mold:

[0014] Before the kudzu vines grow out, a mold is placed in the horizontal groove at the edge of the ridge and fixed with soil. The mold is made of white opaque composite resin material and has a U-shaped groove extending along the length direction.

[0015] (4) Place the kudzu vines: After the kudzu vines grow to 150.00 cm, leave one to three kudzu vines, remove all axillary buds from the top of the one to three kudzu vines, and then place the kudzu vines after the axillary buds are removed into the U-shaped groove of the mold for growth;

[0016] (5) Harvest at the right time:

[0017] In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the newly planted kudzu vines in step (4) are harvested twice in the same year, the first time in late July to early August, and the second time in mid-to-late November; starting from the year after planting, they are harvested three times each year, the first time in late May to early June, the second time in late July to early August, and the third time in mid-to-late November.

[0018] Furthermore, in step (2), before transplanting the kudzu seedlings, the ridges of the soil used for cultivation are covered with a black non-woven fabric.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (2), the planting density of the kudzu seedlings is 0.50m between plants and 1.20m between rows. After transplanting, they need to be watered thoroughly to allow them to take root. The length of the bed should be more than 10.00 meters.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (3), the mold is 10.00 m long, 50.00 cm wide, and 40.00 cm high, and the wall thickness of the mold is 5.00 mm.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (3), when placing the mold, the mold is tilted 5-10° along the length direction.

[0022] Furthermore, newly planted kudzu vines are fertilized twice in the year of planting, with the first topdressing being carried out in the late seedling stage and the second topdressing being carried out in the late seedling stage after the first harvest; starting from the following year, topdressing is carried out three times a year, in the late seedling stage after the first, second and third harvests respectively.

[0023] Furthermore, the total amount of the two topdressings applied in the year of new planting is 48.25kg / mu of N, 34.00kg / mu of P2O5 and 67.00% of 40.20kg / mu of K2O, of which 50.00% of the total N, 100.00% of the total P2O5 and 50.00% of the total K2O are applied in the first topdressing, and the remaining 50.00% of the total N and the remaining 50.00% of the total K2O are applied in the second topdressing; starting from the following year, in the three topdressings each year, the first topdressing is carried out at 48.25kg / mu, 34.00kg / mu of P2O5 and 34.00% of 40.20kg / mu of K2O, and the second topdressing is carried out at 48.25kg / mu, 100.00% of the total P2O5 and 50.00% of the total K2O. The first step is to use 34.00kg / mu and 33.00% of K2O40.20kg / mu, and the third step is to use 48.25kg / mu, 34.00kg / mu of P2O5 and 33.00% of K2O40.20kg / mu.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention can make the kudzu vine stem grow into a long strip shape through a simple-structured mold with a U-shaped groove, thereby increasing the length of the kudzu vine, and in conjunction with corresponding agronomic technical measures, including the placement of kudzu vines, timely harvesting and reasonable topdressing, a large amount of high-quality kudzu vine fiber can be cultivated, which has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, high yield, easy harvesting, good fiber quality, etc., thereby realizing the sustainable supply of kudzu vine fiber resources and meeting the development needs of society. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mold used in Examples 1-2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that this embodiment is based on the technical solution and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] This embodiment provides a method for cultivating fiber-specific kudzu vines, comprising the following steps:

[0029] (1) Select Pueraria seedlings:

[0030] Select kudzu seedling varieties with high kudzu fiber yield and good fiber quality.

[0031] (2) Transplanting kudzu seedlings:

[0032] Transplant the selected kudzu seedlings. Transplanting should be done after spring rains in March or April, when the temperature stabilizes around 15°C and the soil temperature is around 17°C. Before transplanting, cover the ridges of the soil used for cultivation with black non-woven fabric. Plant the kudzu seedlings at a spacing of 0.50m between plants and 1.20m between rows. Water thoroughly after transplanting to ensure rooting, and keep the length of the beds at least 10 meters.

[0033] (3) Place the mold:

[0034] Before the kudzu vines grow, Figure 1 The mold 101 shown is placed in the horizontal furrow at the edge of the ridge and secured with soil. Made of white, opaque composite resin, it features a U-shaped groove 100 extending along its length. Specifically, the mold 101 is 10.00 m long, 50.00 cm wide, 40.00 cm high, and has a wall thickness of 5.00 mm. When placed, the mold is tilted 5-10° to facilitate rainwater drainage and prevent water accumulation in the U-shaped groove.

[0035] (4) Putting in kudzu vines: After the kudzu vines grow to about 150.00 cm, leave one to three kudzu vines, and remove all axillary buds of the kudzu vines from the top of the one to three kudzu vines. Then, put the kudzu vines after removing the axillary buds into the U-shaped groove of the mold for growth.

[0036] (5) Harvest at the right time:

[0037] In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, such as Hunan and Hubei, the newly planted kudzu vines in step (4) are harvested twice in the same year, the first time in late July to early August, and the second time in mid-to-late November. Starting from the year after planting, they are harvested three times a year, the first time in late May to early June, the second time in late July to early August, and the third time in mid-to-late November.

[0038] Newly planted kudzu vines are top-dressed twice in the year of planting. The total amount of fertilizer applied in the two top-dressings is 67.00% of N48.25kg / mu, P2O534.00kg / mu and K2O 40.20kg / mu. Among them, the first top-dressing is carried out in the late seedling stage, in which 50.00% of the total N, 100.00% of the total P2O5 and 50.00% of the total K2O are applied. Then, the second top-dressing is carried out in the late seedling stage after the first harvest, in which the remaining 50.00% of the total N and the remaining 50.00% of the total K2O are applied. Starting from the year after planting, topdressing is carried out three times a year, in the late seedling stage after the first, second and third harvests respectively. The first topdressing is carried out at 48.25kg / mu, P2O5 34.00kg / mu and 34.00% of K2O 40.20kg / mu, the second topdressing is carried out at 48.25kg / mu, P2O5 34.00kg / mu and 33.00% of K2O 40.20kg / mu, and the third topdressing is carried out at 48.25kg / mu, P2O5 34.00kg / mu and 33.00% of K2O 40.20kg / mu.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] This embodiment provides an application example of the method of embodiment 1.

[0041] The experimental area is located in Huayuan Village, Yanxi Town, Liuyang City, Changsha City, Hunan Province. The area has convenient transportation, flat hillsides, convenient irrigation and drainage, deep soil, high organic matter content, sandy fluvo-aquic soil, convenient drainage, and no water accumulation.

[0042] In 2023, seedlings of the specialized kudzu vine variety "Wild Kudzu," known for its high fiber yield and quality, were selected for the experiment using a randomized block design. The seedlings were transplanted on March 15, 2023. Before transplanting, the soil ridges were covered with black nonwoven film. The planting density was 0.50 m between plants and 1.20 m between rows. After transplanting, the plants needed to be watered thoroughly to establish rooting, and the bed length was at least 10 m.

[0043] Before the kudzu vines emerge, a mold designed to regulate their forward growth is placed in the horizontal groove at the edge of the ridge and secured with soil. The mold is tilted 5-10 degrees to facilitate rainwater drainage and prevent water accumulation in the U-shaped groove. The mold is made of a white, opaque composite resin material that can be spliced ​​together and has a U-shaped groove extending along its top. The mold is 10.00 meters long, 50.00 centimeters wide, and 40.00 centimeters high, with a wall thickness of 5.00 mm.

[0044] When the kudzu vine grows to about 150.00 cm, place it in the mold, leaving one to three kudzu vines, and remove all axillary buds of the kudzu vines from the top, and then place the kudzu vines after removing the axillary buds into the U-shaped groove of the mold for growth.

[0045] In the year of new planting, there will be two harvests, the first on July 31, 2023, and the second on November 31, 2023. In addition, a control group will be set up, which is cultivated under conventional poles and harvested once a year, on November 31, 2023.

[0046] In 2023, top dressing was carried out twice, with the total amount of fertilizer applied being 67.00% of N 48.25kg / mu, P2O5 34.00kg / mu and K2O 40.20kg / mu. Among them, the first top dressing was carried out in the late seedling stage, in which 50.00% of the total N, 100.00% of the total P2O5 and 50.00% of the total K2O were applied. Then the second top dressing was carried out in the late seedling stage after the first harvest, in which the remaining 50.00% of the total N and the remaining 50.00% of the total K2O were applied.

[0047] The control group adopted conventional field management.

[0048] Table 1 shows the characteristics of kudzu vines harvested from the experimental and control groups.

[0049] Table 1

[0050]

[0051] Note: Different letters in the same column indicate significant differences among samples (P<0.05).

[0052] It can be seen that the average length of the first harvest of kudzu vines in the experimental group was 8.62m, and the average length of the second harvest of kudzu vines was 6.36m, both significantly longer than the 4.50m of the control group. The average diameter of the kudzu vine fibers in the first harvest of the experimental group was 7.18μm, and the average diameter of the kudzu vine fibers in the second harvest of the experimental group was 7.46μm, both significantly smaller than the 8.11μm of the control group. The average metric count of the kudzu vine fibers in the first harvest of the experimental group was 3289.33mg. -1 The average metric count of the kudzu fiber in the second harvest of the experimental group was 3069.56 mg. -1 , were significantly higher than the control group 2887.36mg -1The average single fiber linear density of kudzu vine fibers in the experimental group (first harvest) was 3.02 dtex, and the average single fiber linear density of kudzu vine fibers in the experimental group (second harvest) was 3.21 dtex, both significantly lower than the 3.42 dtex in the control group. The total fresh weight of kudzu vines in the experimental group (first harvest) was 2288.66 kg / mu, and the total fresh weight of kudzu vines in the second harvest was 2111.66 kg / mu, significantly higher than the 2038.66 kg / mu in the control group.

[0053] In summary, the experimental group using the method of Example 1 can greatly improve the average length of kudzu vine compared with the control group. The obtained kudzu vine fiber has a small average diameter, a high metric count, and a small single fiber linear density, indicating that the quality and yield of the kudzu vine fiber in the experimental group are significantly improved compared with the control group.

[0054] Those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the above technical solutions and concepts, and all of these changes and modifications should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating kudzu vine for fiber production, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Select Pueraria seedlings: Select seedlings of kudzu varieties with high kudzu fiber yield and good fiber quality; (2) Transplanting kudzu seedlings: Transplant the selected kudzu seedlings after the spring rain in March or April, when the temperature is stable at 15°C and the soil temperature is 17°C. (3) Place the mold: Before the kudzu vines grow out, a mold is placed in the horizontal groove at the edge of the ridge and fixed with soil. The mold is made of white opaque composite resin material and has a U-shaped groove extending along the length direction. (4) Place the kudzu vines: After the kudzu vines grow to 150.00 cm, leave one to three kudzu vines, remove all axillary buds from the top of the one to three kudzu vines, and then place the kudzu vines after the axillary buds are removed into the U-shaped groove of the mold for growth; (5) Harvest at the right time: In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the newly planted kudzu vines in step (4) are harvested twice in the same year, the first time in late July to early August, and the second time in mid-to-late November; starting from the year after planting, they are harvested three times each year, the first time in late May to early June, the second time in late July to early August, and the third time in mid-to-late November.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (2), before transplanting the kudzu vine seedlings, the ridges of the soil used for cultivation are covered with a black non-woven fabric.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (2), the planting density of the kudzu seedlings is 0.50m between plants and 1.20m between rows. After transplanting, they need to be watered thoroughly to allow them to take root. The length of the bed should be more than 10.00 meters.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step (3), the mold is 10.00m long, 50.00cm wide, and 40.00cm high, and the wall thickness of the mold is 5.00mm.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step (3), when placing the mold, the mold is tilted 5-10 degrees along the length direction.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Newly planted kudzu vines should be fertilized twice in the year of planting. The first topdressing should be done in the late seedling stage, and the second topdressing should be done in the late seedling stage after the first harvest. Starting from the following year, topdressing should be done three times a year, in the late seedling stage after the first, second and third harvests respectively.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The total amount of two topdressings applied in the year of new planting is 48.25kg / mu of N, 34.00kg / mu of P2O5 and 67.00% of 40.20kg / mu of K2O. Among them, 50.00% of the total N, 100.00% of the total P2O5 and 50.00% of the total K2O are applied in the first topdressing, and the remaining 50.00% of the total N and the remaining 50.00% of the total K2O are applied in the second topdressing. From the next year onwards, the first topdressing is carried out at 48.25kg / mu, 34.00kg / mu of P2O5 and 34.00% of 40.20kg / mu of K2O, and the second topdressing is carried out at 48.25kg / mu, 34.00kg / mu of P2O5 and 34.00% of 40.20kg / mu of K2O. The first step is to use 34.00kg / mu and 33.00% of K2O40.20kg / mu, and the third step is to use 48.25kg / mu, P2O534.00kg / mu and 33.00% of K2O40.20kg / mu.

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