An acid gas treatment apparatus and method for synthesis ammonia production

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of industrial waste gas treatment, and discloses an acid gas treatment device and method for synthetic ammonia production, wherein the acid gas treatment device for synthetic ammonia production comprises an absorption tower, a spraying system and a filler layer installed in the absorption tower, and a receiving disc is arranged below the filler layer, the receiving disc comprises a plurality of annular plates distributed in a vertical coaxial manner, the diameters of the plurality of annular plates gradually decrease from top to bottom, the bottom of the lowermost annular plate is fixedly connected with a flow guide ring, the outer wall of the lower part of the flow guide ring is sleeved with a collecting cylinder, and the inner wall of the flow guide ring is fixedly connected with a flow slowing cylinder, and the lower part of the flow slowing cylinder extends into the collecting cylinder. The solvent flows on the annular plates, the flow rate of the solvent is slowed down by the flow slowing cylinder, the solvent and impurities form a falling speed difference in the collecting cylinder, the impurities can be effectively precipitated at the bottom of the collecting cylinder, the impurities are prevented from flowing to the filter system of the recovery tank along with the solvent, the burden of the filter system is reduced, and the recovery and utilization efficiency of the solvent is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of industrial waste gas treatment, and particularly relates to an acid gas treatment device and method for synthetic ammonia production. BACKGROUND

[0002] Synthetic ammonia is a global key chemical process, and the core is to catalytically synthesize ammonia at high temperature and high pressure by using the Haber-Bosch method. In the production process using coal or natural gas as raw materials, the shift gas process is the core of adjusting the hydrogen-carbon ratio, but the shift gas generated by the process contains a large amount of H2S, CO2 and other acid gases. If not removed efficiently, it will cause catalyst poisoning and equipment corrosion.

[0003] Low-temperature methanol washing technology has become an ideal choice for deep removal of high-concentration acid gases due to its high efficiency. The principle is to use the physical absorption characteristics of methanol at low temperature and high pressure to achieve selective removal of acid gases and regeneration of the solvent. The specific process is that the raw gas enters from the bottom of the absorption tower and is countercurrently contacted with the low-temperature methanol solvent from top to bottom, and the solvent selectively absorbs H2S, CO2 and other acid gases.

[0004] In actual application, the technology faces the following problems: The gas-liquid reaction in the absorption process will generate sulfur deposition and solvent degradation products. These impurities flow into the recovery tank with the solvent, which on the one hand increases the plugging frequency of the filtration system and reduces the solvent recovery extraction efficiency; on the other hand, when the impurities are excessive, the purification system is difficult to completely purify them, which reduces the purity of the recovered solvent, which in turn reduces the efficiency of the solvent in contact with the gas for reaction, and improvement and optimization are urgently needed. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problems in the prior art that the solvent after the gas-liquid reaction carries impurities back into the recovery tank, increasing the burden of the filtration system, and the purity of the recovered solvent being reduced to affect the gas-liquid reaction effect, an acid gas treatment device for synthetic ammonia production is proposed.

[0006] The purpose is to intercept the solvent after the reaction and segmentally slow down the flow rate, so that the impurities in the solvent are effectively precipitated in the collection cylinder, avoiding flowing back to the recovery tank with the solvent.

[0007] The technical scheme of the present application is an acid gas treatment device for synthetic ammonia production, comprising an absorption tower, a spraying system installed in the absorption tower, and a packing layer, a receiving disc is arranged below the packing layer, the receiving disc comprises a plurality of annular plates arranged vertically and coaxially, the diameters of the plurality of annular plates gradually decrease from top to bottom, the outer diameter of the lower annular plate is greater than the inner diameter of the upper adjacent annular plate, a plurality of connecting blocks are fixedly connected between the bottom surfaces of the two adjacent annular plates, the uppermost annular plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the absorption tower, the bottom of the lowermost annular plate is fixedly connected with a flow guide ring, a collecting cylinder is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower part of the flow guide ring, a flow slowing cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the flow guide ring, the lower part of the flow slowing cylinder extends into the collecting cylinder, a cleaning piece is arranged above the flow slowing cylinder and rotatably connected with the flow guide ring, the cleaning piece is in frictional contact with the top surface of the annular plate, and water turbines are arranged on the outer wall of the flow guide ring on both sides, a liquid discharge pipe is arranged on one side of the water turbine, one end of the liquid discharge pipe is fixedly communicated with the flow guide ring, and the water turbine drives the cleaning piece to rotate to scrape off the sundries on the top surface of the annular plate.

[0008] Further, a plurality of exhaust ports are arranged in the annular plate in a ring shape at equal intervals.

[0009] Further, the flow slowing cylinder comprises an annular receiving plate fixedly connected with the inner wall of the flow guide ring, a flow guide cylinder in a circular truncated cone structure is fixedly connected with the annular receiving plate, and the small end of the flow guide cylinder is arranged downward and extends into the collecting cylinder.

[0010] A plurality of flow guide plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow guide cylinder in a ring shape at equal intervals, and the flow guide plates are arranged in an inclined manner.

[0011] Further, a plurality of positioning rods are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower end of the flow guide ring, and L-shaped holes matched with the positioning rods are arranged on the upper end of the collecting cylinder.

[0012] Further, the cleaning piece comprises an inclined connecting rod, a plurality of scrapers are fixedly connected to the connecting rod, the scrapers are in frictional contact with the corresponding annular plate below, a support piece is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow guide ring, and the lower end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the support piece.

[0013] Further, the water turbine is rotatably connected to the bottom of the corresponding annular plate, a connecting shaft is drivingly connected to one side of the water turbine through a chain, the connecting shaft is movably arranged through the support piece, one end of the connecting shaft penetrates into the support piece and is fixedly connected with a transmission gear, the lower end of the connecting rod penetrates into the support piece and is fixedly connected with a face gear, and the transmission gear is meshingly connected with the face gear.

[0014] Further, the face gear is connected with a flow intercepting piece on the lower side, the flow intercepting piece comprises a rotating drum fixedly connected with the bottom of the face gear, a driving rod is arranged in the rotating drum, the lower end of the driving rod is movably penetrated through a support and extends to the lower side of the support, a flow intercepting plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the driving rod, and the flow intercepting plate is in abutting fit with the through hole in the upper part of the slow flow drum.

[0015] The driving rod is in vertical sliding fit with the support, two symmetrical guide rods are fixedly connected with the upper end of the driving rod, and an annular lifting groove is formed in the inner wall of the rotating drum, and the guide rods are arranged in the annular lifting groove.

[0016] Further, a support ring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the collecting drum, an isolation grid plate is arranged on the support ring, the isolation grid plate comprises a circular plate arranged below the slow flow drum, a fixed ring is arranged on the outer side of the circular plate, a plurality of isolation rings are arranged at equal intervals between the circular plate and the fixed ring, and the cross section of the isolation ring is in triangular structure.

[0017] Another object of the present application is to provide an acid gas treatment method for synthetic ammonia production, which aims to intercept the solvent after gas-liquid reaction and filter and separate the impurities in the solvent.

[0018] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: an acid gas treatment method for synthetic ammonia production, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1, the acid gas enters from the bottom of the absorption tower, the low-temperature methanol solvent is sprayed from the spraying system, and the solvent falls in the filler layer and contacts the acid gas;

[0020] S2, the sulfur deposits and the solvent degradation products generated by the gas-liquid reaction fall to the receiving disc with the solvent, the flow of the solvent is reduced by the slow flow drum and flows into the collecting drum, the impurities are precipitated at the bottom of the collecting drum, and the solvent is discharged through the liquid discharge pipe;

[0021] S3, the water turbine runner is driven to rotate by the solvent, the transmission gear is driven by the connecting shaft to drive the face gear, the face gear drives the cleaning piece to rotate and clean the receiving disc, and the impurities on the receiving disc are removed into the collecting drum;

[0022] S4, the rotating drum is driven to rotate by the face gear, the annular lifting groove and the guide rod cooperate to drive the flow intercepting plate to intermittently and reciprocally lift, and the flow rate and flow of the solvent are controlled.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The solvent flows on a stepped annular plate, and the flow rate is slowed down by a flow buffer. This creates a velocity difference between the solvent and impurities in the collection cylinder, allowing the impurities to settle effectively at the bottom of the collection cylinder. This prevents the impurities from flowing with the solvent to the filtration system in the recovery box, reducing the burden on the filtration system and improving the efficiency of solvent recovery. At the same time, the purified solvent drives the water turbine to rotate, causing the cleaning components to clean the annular plate and prevent impurities from adhering to it.

[0025] 2. The turbine runner simultaneously drives the baffle plate to move up and down intermittently, thereby causing the slow-flow cylinder through-hole to open and close periodically. When the baffle plate descends, the solvent temporarily accumulates on the annular receiving plate; when it rises, the solvent begins to flow downward from a static state. This process further reduces the solvent flow rate. By dynamically controlling the solvent flow rate in this way, the flow rate of the solvent entering the collecting cylinder is greatly reduced, and impurities can quickly settle in a more stable environment, significantly improving the impurity separation effect.

[0026] 3. The variable cross-section channel formed by the isolation grid plate, with a large upper port and a small lower port, forces the solvent to flow in a laminar state when it diffuses radially along the isolation grid plate. This effectively avoids the disturbance of turbulent flow to the precipitated impurities. At the same time, the static pressure zone generated by this structure can resist the upward back mixing of the bottom precipitate caused by external factors, ensuring that the impurities are stably precipitated at the bottom of the collection cylinder, which greatly improves the stability and thoroughness of impurity precipitation. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the absorption tower of the acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis production according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving tray and cleaning components of the acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis production according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the receiving plate and collecting cylinder structure of the acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis production according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drain pipe and turbine runner structure of the acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis production according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the flow guide ring and flow buffer structure of the acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis production according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic plan view of the flow-retarding cylinder and drain pipe structure of the acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis production according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support component of the acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis production according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the interception component structure of the acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis production according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the rotary drum of the acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis production according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the isolation grid structure of the acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis production according to the present invention.

[0037] In the picture:

[0038] 1. Absorption tower; 2. Receiving plate; 21. Annular plate; 22. Connecting block; 23. Exhaust port; 24. Flow guide ring; 3. Collection cylinder; 4. Flow buffer cylinder; 41. Annular receiving plate; 42. Flow guide cylinder; 43. Flow guide plate; 5. Positioning rod; 6. L-shaped hole; 7. Cleaning component; 71. Connecting rod; 72. Scraper; 8. Water turbine runner; 9. Drain pipe; 10. Support component; 11. Coupling shaft; 12. Transmission gear; 13. Face gear; 14. Flow interceptor; 141. Rotary cylinder; 142. Annular lifting groove; 143. Drive rod; 144. Flow interceptor plate; 145. Guide rod; 15. Isolation grid plate; 151. Circular plate; 152. Fixing ring; 153. Isolation ring. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Example 1, referring to Figures 1-4This is the first embodiment of the present invention, providing an acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis production, including an absorption tower 1, a spray system installed in the absorption tower 1, and a packing layer. A receiving plate 2 is provided below the packing layer. The receiving plate 2 includes multiple annular plates 21 arranged vertically and coaxially. The diameter of the multiple annular plates 21 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the outer diameter of the lower annular plate 21 is larger than the inner diameter of the adjacent upper annular plate 21. Multiple connecting blocks 22 are fixedly connected between the bottom surfaces of adjacent annular plates 21. The uppermost annular plate 21 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the absorption tower 1, and the lowermost annular plate 21... A flow guide ring 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular plate 21. A collection cylinder 3 is sleeved on the lower outer wall of the flow guide ring 24. A flow slowing cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow guide ring 24. The lower part of the flow slowing cylinder 4 extends into the collection cylinder 3. A cleaning component 7 is provided above the flow slowing cylinder 4 and is rotatably connected to the flow guide ring 24. The cleaning component 7 is in frictional contact with the top surface of the annular plate 21. Water turbine runners 8 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the flow guide ring 24. A drain pipe 9 is provided on one side of the water turbine runner 8. One end of the drain pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the flow guide ring 24. The water turbine runner 8 drives the cleaning component 7 to rotate and scrape away debris from the top surface of the annular plate 21.

[0041] Specifically, the solvent after the gas-liquid reaction first falls onto the receiving pan 2, and flows downwards layer by layer along the stepped channel formed by the upper and lower annular plates 21. After being gathered by the guide ring 24, it enters the slow-flow cylinder 4 to decelerate. In the collecting cylinder 3, impurities gradually settle to the bottom due to gravity. As the solvent continues to flow in, the liquid level continues to rise. The solvent purified in the upper layer is discharged through the drain pipe 9. When the solvent flows through the drain pipe 9, it drives the water turbine runner 8 to rotate slowly. The water turbine runner 8 drives the cleaning component 7 to rotate synchronously through the transmission structure. During the rotation, the cleaning component 7 maintains frictional contact with the top surface of the annular plate 21, effectively scraping off residual impurities and avoiding accumulation that affects the solvent flow efficiency, ensuring that the receiving pan 2 continues to play a stable guiding role.

[0042] In actual operation, an inlet pipe is fixed at the bottom of the absorption tower 1, which is connected to the acid gas discharge pipe. The spray head in the spray system is located above the packing layer. The spray head sprays low-temperature methanol solvent downwards. The inlet pipe discharges acid gas into the absorption tower 1. The solvent disperses and flows in the packing layer and comes into contact with the acid gas to dissolve it.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 The inner side of the annular plate 21 has multiple exhaust ports 23 arranged in a ring at equal intervals, and the exhaust ports 23 have a rectangular structure.

[0044] Specifically, the combination of the rectangular structure of the exhaust port 23 and the annular plate 21 offers multiple advantages from the perspectives of fluid mechanics and mass transfer efficiency: First, it breaks the closed film layer formed when the solvent falls, preventing the gas from being obstructed due to the continuous liquid covering the inner side of the annular plate 21, thus ensuring a smooth countercurrent channel between the gas and liquid phases within the absorption tower 1. Second, the solvent is cut into staggered water curtains as it flows through the exhaust port 23, significantly increasing the specific surface area of ​​the gas-liquid contact, enhancing the mass transfer effect, and improving the absorption efficiency of acidic gas. Third, the regular structure of the rectangular exhaust port 23 guides the gas to penetrate the water curtain at a stable flow rate, reducing solvent splashing caused by airflow turbulence, ensuring gas-liquid separation stability, and reducing liquid entrainment losses. This design achieves a dual improvement in mass transfer efficiency and fluid stability by optimizing the gas-liquid interface morphology.

[0045] Reference Figure 5 The flow-slowing cylinder 4 includes an annular receiving plate 41 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow-guiding ring 24. A flow-guiding cylinder 42 with a frustum-shaped structure is fixedly connected to the annular receiving plate 41. The small end of the flow-guiding cylinder 42 is set downward and extends into the collection cylinder 3. Multiple flow-guiding plates 43 are fixedly connected in an annular pattern at equal intervals on the upper part of the inner wall of the flow-guiding cylinder 42. The flow-guiding plates 43 are set at an inclination.

[0046] Specifically, the flow ring 24 gathers the solvent and drops it onto the annular receiving plate 41, and then flows downward along the inner wall of the flow guide tube 42. The lower part of the flow guide tube 42 divides the inside of the collection tube 3 into two spaces, inner and outer. When the solvent descends in the flow guide tube 42 and mixes with the solvent in the collection tube 3, it is slowed down, making it easier for impurities to settle at the bottom of the collection tube 3. The purified solvent is discharged to the outside through the drain pipe 9.

[0047] The guide plate 43 allows the solvent to rotate and descend within the guide tube 42, reducing the solvent flow rate and creating a rapid velocity difference between the solvent and impurities. This causes the impurities to slow down as they descend to the bottom, which is beneficial for the impurities to settle at the bottom of the collection tube 3.

[0048] It should be noted that, refer to Figure 6 The height of the annular receiving plate 41 is higher than the height of the connection between the drain pipe 9 and the guide ring 24, and the lower end of the guide plate 43 is lower than the height of the connection between the drain pipe 9 and the guide ring 24. The height of the guide plate 43 covers the area above the connection between the drain pipe 9 and the guide ring 24, forcing all solvents to complete the rotation and deceleration process inside the guide tube 42, ensuring that impurities and solvents generate a sufficient speed difference, causing larger impurities to settle in advance, and only the purified low-impurity solvent is discharged from the drain pipe 9.

[0049] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 Multiple positioning rods 5 are fixedly connected to the lower outer wall of the drainage ring 24, and an L-shaped hole 6 adapted to the positioning rods 5 is opened at the upper end of the collection tube 3.

[0050] Specifically, the positioning rod 5 and the L-shaped hole 6 are used to enable quick assembly and disassembly between the collection cylinder 3 and the drainage ring 24, improving the ease of operation during subsequent cleaning.

[0051] Understandably, a protruding ring is fixed on the upper part of the inner wall of the collecting cylinder 3. When the collecting cylinder 3 is connected to the diversion ring 24, the protruding ring abuts against the lower port of the diversion ring 24 to ensure the sealing between the collecting cylinder 3 and the diversion ring 24.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 The cleaning component 7 includes an inclined connecting rod 71, on which multiple scrapers 72 are fixedly connected. The scrapers 72 are in frictional contact with the corresponding annular plate 21 below. A support member 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drainage ring 24. The lower end of the connecting rod 71 is rotatably connected to the support member 10.

[0053] Specifically, when the turbine runner 8 rotates, it drives the connecting rod 71 to make a circular motion around the support member 10, so that the scraper 72 can scrape the top surface of the annular plate 21 below, preventing impurities from adhering to the annular plate 21, and at the same time allowing the solvent to flow downward quickly.

[0054] It should be noted that the scraper 72 and the connecting rod 71 are set at an acute angle. The acute angle design makes the scraper 72 and the top surface of the annular plate 21 form a specific inclined contact surface. When the connecting rod 71 rotates, the movement trajectory of the scraper 72 can generate a component force along the inclined direction. Compared with the vertical setting, it can more efficiently peel off the impurities adhering to the annular plate 21. At the same time, the inclined setting can make the impurities slide and be discharged more easily along the plate surface under the push of the scraper 72, avoiding the accumulation of impurities in front of the scraper 72 due to vertical hard scraping, reducing movement resistance and reducing equipment load.

[0055] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 7 The turbine runner 8 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the corresponding annular plate 21. A connecting shaft 11 is connected to one side of the turbine runner 8 via a chain drive. The connecting shaft 11 is movably connected through the support member 10, and one end of the connecting shaft 11 is inserted into the support member 10 and fixedly connected to a transmission gear 12. The lower end of the connecting rod 71 is inserted into the support member 10 and fixedly connected to a face gear 13. The transmission gear 12 and the face gear 13 are meshed and connected.

[0056] Specifically, the solvent discharged from the drain pipe 9 falls onto one of the water tanks of the turbine runner 8. When the weight of the water tank increases, it can drive the turbine runner 8 to rotate. The turbine runner 8 drives the connecting shaft 11 to rotate through the chain, which causes the transmission gear 12 to drive the face gear 13 to rotate, thereby driving the cleaning component 7 to rotate.

[0057] In this chain, the outer diameter of the sprocket is smaller than the outer diameter of the turbine runner 8, and the diameter of the transmission gear 12 is smaller than the diameter of the face gear 13. This allows the turbine runner 8 to drive the cleaning component 7 in a less strenuous and slower rotation. When the solvent impacts the water tank of the turbine runner 8 from the drain pipe 9, gravitational potential energy is converted into rotational mechanical energy. Through a two-stage reduction transmission system, the cleaning component 7 can operate stably, ensuring that it can rotate stably to perform cleaning work. At the same time, this reduces the wear rate of the cleaning component 7 and extends its service life.

[0058] Example 2, refer to Figures 7-9 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: a flow-blocking component 14 is connected to the lower side of the face gear 13. The flow-blocking component 14 includes a rotating cylinder 141 fixedly connected to the bottom of the face gear 13. A drive rod 143 is provided inside the rotating cylinder 141. The lower end of the drive rod 143 movably passes through the support member 10 and extends to the lower side of the support member 10. A flow-blocking plate 144 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drive rod 143. The flow-blocking plate 144 abuts against the upper through hole of the flow-slowing cylinder 4. The drive rod 143 slides vertically with the support member 10. Two symmetrically arranged guide rods 145 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive rod 143. An annular lifting groove 142 is opened on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 141. The guide rods 145 are located in the annular lifting groove 142.

[0059] Specifically, the face gear 13 drives the rotating drum 141 to rotate synchronously. The annular lifting groove 142 cooperates with the guide rod 145 to drive the drive rod 143 and the intercepting plate 144 to rise and fall intermittently, so as to realize the periodic opening and closing of the through hole at the top of the slow-flowing cylinder 4 by the intercepting plate 144. When the intercepting plate 144 descends, it abuts against the through hole at the top of the slow-flowing cylinder 4, and the solvent temporarily accumulates on the annular receiving plate 41. When the intercepting plate 144 rises, the abutment of the through hole is canceled, and the solvent flows downward from a static state, thereby further reducing the flow rate of the solvent and making it easier for impurities to precipitate in the collecting cylinder 3.

[0060] Among them, reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 Multiple vertical grooves are provided on the outer wall of the drive rod 143. The lower part of the support member 10 slides in conjunction with the grooves. The annular lifting groove 142 includes two trapezoidal grooves, and the lower ends of the two trapezoidal grooves are connected. When the annular lifting groove 142 rotates, it drives the guide rod 145, causing the drive rod 143 to drive the throttling plate 144 to move up and down intermittently.

[0061] It should be noted that the intercepting plate 144 has a frustum-shaped structure with the smaller end facing downwards. The arc-shaped surface of the intercepting plate 144 has multiple inclined grooves. When the intercepting plate 144 comes into contact with the flow-retarding cylinder 4, some solvent can flow downwards through the inclined grooves, thereby preventing excessive solvent accumulation on the annular receiving plate 41. The rest of the structure is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0062] Example 3, referring to Figure 10This is the third embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that: a support ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collecting cylinder 3, and an isolation grid plate 15 is placed on the support ring. The isolation grid plate 15 includes a circular plate 151 located below the slow-flow cylinder 4. A fixing ring 152 is provided on the outer side of the circular plate 151. A plurality of isolation rings 153 are provided at equal intervals between the circular plate 151 and the fixing ring 152. The isolation ring 153 has a triangular cross-section.

[0063] Specifically, after the solvent is discharged from the bottom of the slow-flow cylinder 4, it first impacts the circular plate 151 and diffuses uniformly in the radial direction. Then, it is gradually decelerated by multiple isolation rings 153 and moves with the liquid flow. When passing through the isolation grid plate 15, the variable cross-section channel formed by two adjacent isolation rings 153 with a larger upper port and a smaller lower port allows the solvent flow to form a laminar flow state, avoiding turbulent disturbance of already precipitated impurities and resisting upward back-mixing of bottom precipitates caused by disturbance. The remaining structure is the same as in Example 2.

[0064] Based on embodiments 1-3, the working principle of this invention is as follows: Acidic gas enters from the bottom inlet pipe of the absorption tower 1. The spray system sprays low-temperature methanol solvent above the packing layer. The solvent disperses in the packing layer and comes into countercurrent contact with the acidic gas, dissolving the acidic gas. The solvent after the reaction falls onto the receiving tray 2 and flows downward layer by layer along the multi-layer annular plate 21. The rectangular exhaust port 23 on the inner side of the annular plate 21 cuts the solvent into a water curtain, enhancing gas-liquid mass transfer and preventing the gas from being obstructed from rising. After being gathered by the guide ring 24, the solvent enters the slow-flow cylinder 4. The guide plate 43 causes the solvent to rotate and descend along the inner wall of the guide cylinder 42. After the flow rate decreases, it enters the collection cylinder 3. Impurities in the collection cylinder 3 settle due to gravity. When the purified solvent is discharged through the drain pipe 9, it drives the water turbine runner 8 to rotate. Through chain and gear transmission, it drives the scraper 72 of the cleaning component 7 to rotate, scraping off the impurities on the surface of the annular plate 21.

[0065] Example 4, refer to Figures 1-10 The fourth embodiment of the present invention provides: a method for treating acidic gas in ammonia synthesis production, comprising the following steps:

[0066] S1. Acidic gas enters from the bottom of absorption tower 1, and low-temperature methanol solvent is sprayed out from the spray system. The solvent falls into the packing layer and comes into contact with the acidic gas.

[0067] S2. The sulfur deposits and solvent degradation products generated by the gas-liquid reaction fall onto the receiving plate 2 along with the solvent. The solvent flow is reduced by the slow-flow tube 4 and flows into the collection tube 3. Impurities are precipitated at the bottom of the collection tube 3, and the solvent is discharged through the drain pipe 9.

[0068] S3. The solvent drives the water turbine runner 8 to rotate, and the connecting shaft 11 drives the transmission gear 12 to drive the face gear 13. The face gear 13 drives the cleaning component 7 to rotate and clean the receiving plate 2, removing the impurities on the receiving plate 2 into the collection cylinder 3.

[0069] S4, face gear 13 drives the rotating drum 141 to rotate, and the annular lifting groove 142 cooperates with the guide rod 145 to drive the intercepting plate 144 to intermittently rise and fall, controlling the solvent flow rate and flow rate.

[0070] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis, comprising an absorption tower (1), a spray system installed within the absorption tower (1), and a packing layer, characterized in that: A receiving plate (2) is provided below the packing layer. The receiving plate (2) includes multiple annular plates (21) arranged vertically and coaxially. The diameter of the multiple annular plates (21) gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the outer diameter of the lower annular plate (21) is larger than the inner diameter of the upper adjacent annular plate (21). Multiple connecting blocks (22) are fixedly connected between the bottom surfaces of two adjacent annular plates (21). The uppermost annular plate (21) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the absorption tower (1), and the bottom of the lowermost annular plate (21) is fixedly connected to a flow guide ring (24). A collection cylinder (3) is sleeved on the lower outer wall of the flow guide ring (24). The inner wall of the diversion ring (24) is fixedly connected to a flow-slowing cylinder (4), the lower part of which extends into the collection cylinder (3). A cleaning component (7) is provided above the flow-slowing cylinder (4) and is rotatably connected to the diversion ring (24). The cleaning component (7) is in frictional contact with the top surface of the annular plate (21). A water turbine runner (8) is provided on both sides of the outer wall of the diversion ring (24). A drain pipe (9) is provided on one side of the water turbine runner (8). One end of the drain pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the diversion ring (24). The water turbine runner (8) drives the cleaning component (7) to rotate and scrape off debris from the top surface of the annular plate (21). The slow-flow tube (4) includes an annular receiving plate (41) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow guide ring (24). A flow guide tube (42) with a frustum-shaped structure is fixedly connected to the annular receiving plate (41). The small end of the flow guide tube (42) is set downward and extends into the collection tube (3). Multiple flow guide plates (43) are fixedly connected in an annular pattern at equal intervals on the upper part of the inner wall of the flow guide tube (42). The flow guide plates (43) are set at an inclination.

2. The acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the annular plate (21) has multiple exhaust ports (23) at equal intervals in a ring shape, and the exhaust ports (23) have a rectangular structure.

3. The acid gas treatment device for ammonia synthesis production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower outer wall of the drainage ring (24) is fixedly connected with multiple positioning rods (5), and the upper end of the collection tube (3) is provided with an L-shaped hole (6) that matches the positioning rods (5).

4. The acid gas treatment apparatus for ammonia synthesis production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning component (7) includes an inclined connecting rod (71), on which multiple scrapers (72) are fixedly connected. The scrapers (72) are in frictional contact with the corresponding annular plate (21) below. A support member (10) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drainage ring (24). The lower end of the connecting rod (71) is rotatably connected to the support member (10).

5. The acid gas treatment apparatus for ammonia synthesis production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The turbine runner (8) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the corresponding annular plate (21). A connecting shaft (11) is connected to one side of the turbine runner (8) via a chain drive. The connecting shaft (11) is movably connected through the support member (10). One end of the connecting shaft (11) is inserted into the support member (10) and fixedly connected to a transmission gear (12). The lower end of the connecting rod (71) is inserted into the support member (10) and fixedly connected to a face gear (13). The transmission gear (12) and the face gear (13) are meshed and connected.

6. The acid gas treatment apparatus for ammonia synthesis production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The face gear (13) is connected to a flow-blocking component (14) on its lower side. The flow-blocking component (14) includes a rotating cylinder (141) fixedly connected to the bottom of the face gear (13). A drive rod (143) is provided inside the rotating cylinder (141). The lower end of the drive rod (143) movably passes through the support (10) and extends to the lower side of the support (10). A flow-blocking plate (144) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drive rod (143). The flow-blocking plate (144) abuts against the upper through hole of the flow-slowing cylinder (4). The drive rod (143) slides vertically with the support member (10), and two symmetrically arranged guide rods (145) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive rod (143). The inner wall of the rotating drum (141) is provided with an annular lifting groove (142), and the guide rods (145) are located in the annular lifting groove (142).

7. The acid gas treatment apparatus for ammonia synthesis production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the collecting cylinder (3) is fixedly connected to a support ring, and an isolation grid plate (15) is placed on the support ring. The isolation grid plate (15) includes a circular plate (151) located below the slow-flow cylinder (4). A fixing ring (152) is provided on the outer side of the circular plate (151). Multiple isolation rings (153) are provided at equal intervals between the circular plate (151) and the fixing ring (152). The isolation ring (153) has a triangular cross-section.

8. A method for treating acidic gas in ammonia synthesis, applied to the acidic gas treatment apparatus for ammonia synthesis according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Acidic gas enters from the bottom of the absorption tower (1), and low-temperature methanol solvent is sprayed out from the spray system. The solvent falls into the packing layer and comes into contact with the acidic gas. The sulfur deposits and solvent degradation products generated by the gas-liquid reaction fall onto the receiving plate (2) along with the solvent, and flow into the collecting cylinder (3) through the slow flow cylinder (4). Impurities settle at the bottom of the collecting cylinder (3), and the solvent is discharged through the drain pipe (9). The solvent drives the water turbine rotor (8) to rotate, causing the cleaning component (7) to rotate and clean the receiving plate (2), removing impurities from the receiving plate (2) into the collection cylinder (3).

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