Device for purifying dust in air in constructional engineering

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for purifying dust in air in constructional engineering, and relates to the field of raised dust treatment. According to the present invention, the system comprises: a carrier vehicle; the dust guide pipe is fixed on the carrier vehicle, and the top is rotationally and hermetically connected with a dust hood; the first motor is fixed on the dust guide pipe, and an output part of the first motor is linked with the dust hood and used for adjusting the angle of the dust hood; the treatment box is fixed on the carrier vehicle, and the bottom of the dust guide pipe is communicated with an inner cavity of the treatment box; the compaction mechanism is assembled on the treatment box, and the compaction mechanism comprises a compaction piston which is in telescopic sealing connection with the treatment box and is used for compacting dust; the driving wheels are rotationally connected with the carrier vehicle; the connecting rod is eccentrically and rotationally connected with the driving wheel; and the second motor is fixed on the carrier vehicle. The compaction mechanism is assembled on the treatment box, dust sucked into the treatment box can be repeatedly extruded by the compaction piston until a large amount of dust is compacted into blocks and then returns to the land, secondary dust raising is avoided, secondary treatment is not needed, and water is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of dust treatment, in particular to a dust purification device in the air of a construction project. Background Art

[0002] The dust problem at construction sites is currently being curbed through a variety of measures, such as spraying water on construction site fences, cleaning vehicles entering and leaving the site, and using cannon sprays and vacuum cleaners to deal with dust.

[0003] For example, the authorization announcement number CN221471338U discloses a dust purification device for construction engineering, which includes a mobile base, a dust treatment mechanism is provided on the top of the mobile base, and is used to treat dust in the air. The dust treatment mechanism includes a clean water tank fixedly connected to the top of the mobile base, a treatment box is fixedly connected to the top of the clean water tank, a fixed frame is fixedly connected to the top of the mobile base, and a dust collection fan connected to the treatment box is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed frame.

[0004] This patent is to collect dust into a treatment box by vacuuming, and then use water and flocculants to treat the dust. However, this method not only consumes a large amount of clean water, but the flocculants after precipitation still need secondary treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Purpose of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a dust purification device for construction engineering air, so as to physically treat the dust, compact the dust and return it to the land, thus saving water.

[0007] (2) Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides a dust purification device for construction engineering air:

[0009] It includes: a carrier vehicle; a dust guide pipe, fixed on the carrier vehicle, and a dust hood is rotatably sealed on the top; a first motor, fixed on the dust guide pipe, and the output part is linked to the dust hood for adjusting the angle of the dust hood; a processing box, fixed on the carrier vehicle, and the bottom of the dust guide pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the processing box; a compacting mechanism, assembled on the processing box, and the compacting mechanism includes: a compacting piston, which is telescopically and sealably connected to the processing box and is used to compact dust; a driving wheel, which is rotatably connected to the carrier vehicle; a connecting rod, which is eccentrically rotatably connected to the driving wheel; a second motor, fixed on the carrier vehicle, and is used to drive the driving wheel to rotate.

[0010] Preferably, the middle part of the compacting piston is through-through, and the internal telescopic sealing connection of the compacting piston is provided with a connecting shaft, a pressure block is fixed to the end of the connecting shaft away from the compacting piston, and the pressure block is slidingly and sealingly connected to the inner cavity of the processing box, and a spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting shaft, and the two ends of the spring are respectively against the compacting piston and the pressure block.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting block is fixed to the outer surface of the processing box, and a sealing plate is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting block. The sealing plate is used to seal the bottom of the processing box. An electric push rod is provided on the outer surface of the carrier vehicle, one end of the electric push rod is hinged to the carrier vehicle, and the other end of the electric push rod is hinged to the sealing plate.

[0012] Preferably, a supporting block is fixed to the outer surface of the processing box, and an extension is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the sealing plate, and the extension is slidably connected to the supporting block.

[0013] Preferably, a nozzle is fixed on the outer surface of the processing box, a water pump and a water tank are fixed on the outer surface of the carrier vehicle, and the inner cavity of the water tank is connected to the nozzle through the water pump.

[0014] Preferably, an exhaust fan is fixed on the outer surface of the carrier vehicle, a filter box is fixed between the exhaust fan and the dust guide pipe, the air inlet end of the exhaust fan is connected to the dust guide pipe through the filter box, an inspection window is provided on the outer surface of the filter box, and an inspection door is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the filter box, and the inspection door is used to seal the inspection window.

[0015] Preferably, a driving pulley is fixed to the output end of the first motor, a synchronous belt is sleeved on the outer surface of the driving pulley, and a driven pulley is provided at the other end of the synchronous belt, and the driven pulley is sleeved and fixed on the dust hood.

[0016] Preferably, a control box is fixed on the outer surface of the carrier vehicle, and the control box includes: an acquisition module for collecting video data around the dust guide pipe; a video processing module for pre-establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system, obtaining frame images of the video data, and mapping the frame images on the three-dimensional coordinate system based on the shooting angle of the video data; a dust recognition module for inputting the frame images into the trained dust recognition model and outputting the dust category, which includes heavy pollution, light pollution and no pollution; an analysis module for generating control instructions based on the dust category and the coordinates of the three-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to the frame images; and a control module for controlling the operation of the first motor based on the control instructions.

[0017] Preferably, the dust recognition module trains the dust recognition model in the following manner:

[0018] Pre-collect multiple sets of frames, analyze each set of frames to obtain feature data for each set of frames, and generate corresponding actual labels for each set of frame feature data according to the dust category at the time of collection. When the dust category is heavily polluted, the actual label is 2, when the dust category is lightly polluted, the actual label is 1, and when the dust category is non-polluted, the actual label is 0; each set of frame feature data is used as input to the machine learning model, and the machine learning model uses the predicted label of each set of frame feature data as output, the actual label as the prediction target, and the minimization of the sum of the prediction accuracy of all frame feature data as the training target; wherein the calculation formula for prediction accuracy is: zk = (ak-wk) 2 , where k is the number of the frame feature data, zk is the prediction accuracy, ak is the predicted label value corresponding to the k-th group of frame feature data, and wk is the actual label corresponding to the k-th group of frame feature data; the machine learning model is trained until the sum of the prediction accuracies reaches convergence, then the training is stopped and the trained machine learning model is used as the dust recognition model. The machine learning model is a naive Bayes model or a support vector machine model.

[0019] Preferably, the method for the analysis module to generate a control instruction is: if the dust category is heavy pollution, a control instruction is generated, the control instruction level is level one, and the control module drives the first motor to adjust the dust hood to the azimuth coordinate of the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate system based on the control instruction; if the dust category is light pollution, a control instruction is generated, the control instruction level is level two, and when there is no level one control instruction executed, the control module drives the first motor to adjust the dust hood to the azimuth coordinate of the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate system based on the control instruction; if the dust category is non-pollution, no control instruction is generated.

[0020] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1: By equipping the treatment box with a compaction mechanism, the dust sucked into the treatment box will be repeatedly squeezed by the compaction piston until a large amount of dust is compacted into blocks and then returned to the land, avoiding the generation of secondary dust. At the same time, there is no need for secondary treatment, saving water.

[0022] 2: By rotatably connecting the dust hood and the dust guide pipe, and controlling the rotation angle of the dust hood through the first motor, and obtaining video data around the dust guide pipe and analyzing the video data frames, the direction where dust is most seriously raised can be determined. The first motor can then control the dust hood to rotate to this direction for dust removal, thereby achieving the effect of automatic targeted dust removal and improving the dust suppression effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing plate of the present invention in an open state;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the dust guide pipe and the dust hood of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the compacting mechanism and the processing box of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the compacting mechanism and the processing box of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control box of the present invention.

[0030] Description of the drawings: 1. Carrier vehicle; 2. Dust guide pipe; 3. Dust hood; 4. First motor; 41. Driving pulley; 42. Synchronous belt; 43. Driven pulley; 5. Exhaust fan; 51. Filter box; 511. Inspection door; 6. Processing box; 61. Sealing plate; 611. Extension; 62. Connecting block; 63. Support block; 64. Nozzle; 7. Compacting mechanism; 71. Compacting piston; 711. Connecting shaft; 712. Pressing block; 713. Spring; 72. Driving wheel; 73. Connecting rod; 74. Second motor; 8. Electric push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following description is merely illustrative in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, its applications, or uses. It should be understood that throughout the drawings, identical or similar reference numerals indicate identical or similar parts and features. The drawings merely schematically illustrate the concepts and principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure and do not necessarily depict the specific dimensions and proportions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure. Certain portions of certain drawings may be exaggerated to illustrate relevant details or structures of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] See Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, a dust purification device for the air in a construction project includes a carrier vehicle 1, a dust guide pipe 2, an exhaust fan 5 and a treatment box 6. The dust guide pipe 2, the exhaust fan 5 and the treatment box 6 are all fixed on the carrier vehicle 1. A filter box 51 is fixed between the exhaust fan 5 and the dust guide pipe 2. The air inlet end of the exhaust fan 5 is connected with the dust guide pipe 2 through the filter box 51. An inspection window is provided on the outer surface of the filter box 51, and an inspection door 511 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the filter box 51. The inspection door 511 is used to block the inspection window. An air filter element is installed in the filter box. The bottom of the dust guide pipe 2 is connected with the treatment box 6. When the exhaust fan 5 works, a negative pressure is generated in the dust guide pipe 2, and external dust can be sucked into the dust guide pipe 2 and then enter the treatment box 6. The function of the air filter element is to prevent dust from entering the exhaust fan 5. The air filter element can be replaced by opening the inspection door 511. The inspection door 511 can be fixedly connected to the filter box 51 by screws.

[0034] For further information, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the top of the dust guide tube 2 is rotatably sealed and connected to the dust collection hood 3. The first motor 4 is fixed on the dust guide tube 2, and the output part of the first motor 4 is linked to the dust collection hood 3. The output end of the first motor 4 is fixed with a driving pulley 41, and the outer surface of the driving pulley 41 is sleeved with a synchronous belt 42. The other end of the synchronous belt 42 is provided with a driven pulley 43, and the driven pulley 43 is sleeved and fixed on the dust collection hood 3 for adjusting the angle of the dust collection hood 3; illustratively, the first motor 4 drives the synchronous belt 42 to roll through the driving pulley 41, and the synchronous belt 42 can drive the dust collection hood 3 to rotate and adjust the angle through the driven pulley 43; the purpose is that by changing the angle of the dust collection hood 3, the dust removal direction can be changed, so as to achieve the effect of targeted dust removal.

[0035] For further information, see Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the processing box 6 is equipped with a compacting mechanism 7. The compacting mechanism 7 includes: a compacting piston 71, which is telescopically and sealedly connected to the processing box 6 and is used to compact the dust; a driving wheel 72, which is rotationally connected to the carrier vehicle 1; a connecting rod 73, which is eccentrically connected to the driving wheel 72; a second motor 74, which is fixed to the carrier vehicle 1 and is used to drive the driving wheel 72 to rotate; illustratively, the driving wheel 72 can be driven to rotate by rotating the second motor 74. Since the connecting rod 73 is eccentrically connected to the driving wheel 72, the driving wheel 72 drives the compacting piston 71 to perform reciprocating piston motion in the processing box 6 through the connecting rod 73, thereby squeezing the dust and compacting the dust.

[0036] For further information, see Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the middle part of the compacting piston 71 is through, and the internal telescopic sealing connection of the compacting piston 71 is provided with a connecting shaft 711, and a pressure block 712 is fixed to the end of the connecting shaft 711 away from the compacting piston 71, and the pressure block 712 is slidingly sealed with the inner cavity of the processing box 6, and the outer surface of the connecting shaft 711 is provided with a spring 713, and the two ends of the spring 713 are respectively against the compacting piston 71 and the pressure block 712, and the spring 713 is used to provide elastic force for the pressure block 712; the purpose is that when the compacted dust block becomes thicker and thicker, the pressure block 712 can be telescoped in the compacting piston 71 through the connecting shaft 711, thereby providing changes in the compaction space.

[0037] For further information, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a connecting block 62 is fixed to the outer surface of the processing box 6, and a sealing plate 61 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting block 62. The sealing plate 61 is used to block the bottom of the processing box 6. An electric push rod 8 is provided on the outer surface of the carrier vehicle 1. One end of the electric push rod 8 is hinged to the carrier vehicle 1, and the other end of the electric push rod 8 is hinged to the sealing plate 61. The purpose is to drive the sealing plate 61 to rotate by the electric push rod 8, for example, Figure 1 Transformed into Figure 2 In the state shown, the sealing plate 61 can release the blockage of the bottom of the processing box 6, and the compacted dust blocks can be discharged.

[0038] For further information, see Figure 2 As shown, a support block 63 is fixed to the outer surface of the processing box 6, and an extension 611 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the sealing plate 61, and the extension 611 is slidably connected to the support block 63; the purpose is that the support block 63 can drag the extension 611 to ensure the stability of the connection between the sealing plate 61 and the processing box 6 after closing.

[0039] See Figure 5 As shown, a nozzle 64 is fixed on the outer surface of the processing box 6, and a water pump and a water tank are fixed on the outer surface of the carrier vehicle 1, and the inner cavity of the water tank is connected to the nozzle 64 through the water pump; the purpose is to make the dust agglomerate better by spraying water into the processing box 6; it is worth mentioning that water-based glue or environmentally friendly adhesive can also be stored in the water tank instead of water to make the dust agglomerate better; the amount of water sprayed can be adjusted based on the dust concentration in the processing box 6, such as monitoring the dust concentration in the processing box 6. If the concentration is high, the amount of water sprayed is high, otherwise the amount of water sprayed is small, which saves more water.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] See Figure 6 As shown, based on the above embodiment, a control box is fixed to the outer surface of the carrier vehicle 1, and the control box integrates an acquisition module, a video processing module, a dust recognition module, an analysis module and a control module, wherein each module is connected via a wired and / or wireless network;

[0042] The acquisition module is used to collect video data around the dust guide tube 2. In this embodiment, the acquisition module adopts a camera. The acquisition module can be installed on the surface of the control box, and the control box can be installed on the surface of the carrier vehicle 1.

[0043] A video processing module pre-establishes a three-dimensional coordinate system, obtains frames of video data, and maps the frames onto the three-dimensional coordinate system based on the shooting angle of the video data;

[0044] The dust recognition module is used to input the frame images into the trained dust recognition model and output the dust category. The dust categories include heavy pollution, light pollution and no pollution. The training method of the dust recognition model is: pre-collect multiple sets of frame images, that is, collect multiple sets of frame images in an experimental environment or a field simulation environment, analyze each set of frame images to obtain the feature data of each set of frame images, and generate the corresponding actual label for each set of frame image feature data according to the dust category at the time of collection. When the dust category is heavy pollution, the actual label is 2, when the dust category is light pollution, the actual label is 1, and when the dust category is no pollution, the actual label is 0; each set of frame image feature data is used as the input of the machine learning model, and the machine learning model uses the predicted label of each set of frame image feature data as the output, the actual label as the prediction target, and the minimization of the sum of the prediction accuracy of all frame image feature data as the training target; wherein, the calculation formula for prediction accuracy is: zk=(ak-wk) 2 , where k is the number of the frame feature data, zk is the prediction accuracy, ak is the predicted label value corresponding to the k-th set of frame feature data, and wk is the actual label corresponding to the k-th set of frame feature data; the machine learning model is trained until the sum of the prediction accuracies reaches convergence. It should be noted that the convergence standard is determined by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions and is not specifically limited here. The training is stopped and the trained machine learning model is used as the dust recognition model. The machine learning model is a naive Bayes model or a support vector machine model.

[0045] The analysis module is used to generate control instructions based on the dust category and the coordinates of the three-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to the frame image. Specifically, if the dust category is heavily polluted, a control instruction is generated, and the control instruction level is level one. The control module drives the first motor 4 to adjust the dust hood 3 to rotate to the azimuth coordinate of the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate system based on the control instruction; if the dust category is lightly polluted, a control instruction is generated, and the control instruction level is level two. When there is no level one control instruction executed, the control module drives the first motor 4 to adjust the dust hood 3 to rotate to the azimuth coordinate of the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate system based on the control instruction; if the dust category is non-pollution, no control instruction is generated, and level one is higher than level two; the purpose is to give priority to processing locations where the dust category is heavily polluted.

[0046] The control module is used to control the operation of the first motor 4 based on the control instructions, that is, to control the operation of the first motor 4 to adjust the dust hood 3 to rotate to the corresponding coordinate position. Those skilled in the art can pre-calculate the specific relationship between the rotation stroke of the first motor 4 and the coordinate position corresponding to the rotation of the dust hood 3, and adjust the first motor 4 based on this relationship. Since the different models of the first motor 4 and the transmission methods used will affect the specific relationship, no specific limitation is made here.

[0047] The exemplary implementation schemes proposed in the present disclosure are described in detail above with reference to preferred embodiments. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, without departing from the concept of the present disclosure, various modifications and variations can be made to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and various technical features and structures proposed in the present disclosure can be combined in various ways without exceeding the scope of protection of the present disclosure, which is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dust purification device for construction engineering air, characterized in that: include: Carrier vehicle (1); A dust guide pipe (2) is fixed on the carrier vehicle (1), and a dust collection cover (3) is rotatably and hermetically connected to the top; A first motor (4) is fixed on the dust guide pipe (2), and an output portion is linked to the dust hood (3) for adjusting the angle of the dust hood (3); A processing box (6) is fixed on the carrier vehicle (1), and the bottom of the dust guide pipe (2) is connected to the inner cavity of the processing box (6); A compacting mechanism (7) is mounted on the processing box (6), and the compacting mechanism (7) comprises: A compacting piston (71) is telescopically and hermetically connected to the processing box (6) for compacting dust; A driving wheel (72) is rotatably connected to the carrier vehicle (1); A connecting rod (73) is eccentrically connected to the driving wheel (72); The second motor (74) is fixed on the carrier vehicle (1) and is used to drive the driving wheel (72) to rotate.

2. A dust purification device for construction engineering air according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the compacting piston (71) is through-connected, and the interior of the compacting piston (71) is telescopically and sealedly connected to a connecting shaft (711). A pressure block (712) is fixed to the end of the connecting shaft (711) away from the compacting piston (71), and the pressure block (712) is slidingly and sealedly connected to the inner cavity of the processing box (6). The outer surface of the connecting shaft (711) is provided with a spring (713), and the two ends of the spring (713) are respectively against the compacting piston (71) and the pressure block (712).

3. A dust purification device for construction engineering air according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting block (62) is fixed on the outer surface of the processing box (6), and a sealing plate (61) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting block (62). The sealing plate (61) is used to seal the bottom of the processing box (6). An electric push rod (8) is provided on the outer surface of the carrier vehicle (1), one end of the electric push rod (8) is hinged to the carrier vehicle (1), and the other end of the electric push rod (8) is hinged to the sealing plate (61).

4. A dust purification device for construction engineering air according to claim 3, characterized in that: A support block (63) is fixed on the outer surface of the processing box (6), and an extension (611) is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the sealing plate (61), and the extension (611) is slidably connected to the support block (63).

5. The dust purification device for construction engineering air according to claim 1, characterized in that: A nozzle (64) is fixed on the outer surface of the processing box (6), a water pump and a water tank are fixed on the outer surface of the carrier vehicle (1), and the inner cavity of the water tank is connected to the nozzle (64) through the water pump.

6. The dust purification device for construction engineering air according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust fan (5) is fixed on the outer surface of the carrier vehicle (1); a filter box (51) is fixed between the exhaust fan (5) and the dust guide pipe (2); an air inlet end of the exhaust fan (5) is connected to the dust guide pipe (2) through the filter box (51); an inspection window is provided on the outer surface of the filter box (51); and an inspection door (511) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the filter box (51); the inspection door (511) is used to block the inspection window.

7. The dust purification device for construction engineering air according to claim 6, characterized in that: A driving pulley (41) is fixed to the output end of the first motor (4), a synchronous belt (42) is sleeved on the outer surface of the driving pulley (41), a driven pulley (43) is provided at the other end of the synchronous belt (42), and the driven pulley (43) is sleeved and fixed on the dust hood (3).

8. The dust purification device for construction engineering air according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control box is fixed on the outer surface of the carrier vehicle (1), and the control box comprises: A collection module, used for collecting video data around the dust guide pipe (2); A video processing module pre-establishes a three-dimensional coordinate system, obtains frames of video data, and maps the frames onto the three-dimensional coordinate system based on the shooting angle of the video data; The dust recognition module is used to input the frame image into the trained dust recognition model and output the dust classification, which includes heavy pollution, light pollution and no pollution; An analysis module for generating control instructions based on the dust category and the coordinates of the three-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to the frame image; A control module is used to control the operation of the first motor (4) based on a control instruction.

9. The dust purification device for construction engineering air according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dust recognition module trains the dust recognition model in the following way: Pre-collect multiple groups of frame images, analyze each group of frame images to obtain feature data of each group of frame images, generate corresponding actual labels for each group of frame image feature data according to the dust category at the time of collection, when the dust category is heavy pollution, the actual label is 2, when the dust category is light pollution, the actual label is 1, and when the dust category is no pollution, the actual label is 0; use each group of frame image feature data as input of the machine learning model, the machine learning model uses the predicted label of each group of frame image feature data as output, the actual label as the prediction target, and minimizing the sum of the prediction accuracies of all frame image feature data as the training target; train the machine learning model until the sum of the prediction accuracies reaches convergence, stop training, and use the trained machine learning model as the dust recognition model, the machine learning model is a naive Bayes model or a support vector machine model.

10. The dust purification device for construction engineering air according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method for the analysis module to generate control instructions is: If the dust category is heavy pollution, a control instruction is generated, and the control instruction level is level one. The control module drives the first motor (4) based on the control instruction to adjust the dust hood (3) to rotate to the azimuth coordinate of the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate system; If the dust category is light pollution, a control instruction is generated, and the control instruction level is level two. When there is no level one control instruction executed, the control module drives the first motor (4) based on the control instruction to adjust the dust hood (3) to rotate to the azimuth coordinate of the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate system; If the dust category is non-polluting, no control instruction is generated.

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