Double-coupling-beam reinforcing foundation with inclination monitoring function for power transmission line iron tower

Abstract

The invention provides a double-coupling-beam reinforcing foundation with an inclination monitoring function for a power transmission line iron tower, and relates to the technical field of power transmission iron tower reinforcing foundations. The double-coupling-beam reinforcing foundation comprises four pre-buried bases distributed in a rectangular array mode, lower foundation columns installed on the tops of the pre-buried bases and upper foundation columns installed on the tops of the lower foundation columns; outer hoop plates are installed on the outer side of the lower portion of each lower foundation pillar and the outer side of the upper portion of each upper foundation pillar, a lower connecting beam mechanism is installed among the four lower foundation pillars, an upper connecting beam mechanism is installed among the four upper foundation pillars, and a reinforcing mechanism is installed in the center of the four embedded bases. An adjusting mechanism is mounted in the lower foundation pillar; through the combination of the pre-buried base, the lower foundation column, the upper foundation column, the lower connecting beam mechanism and the upper connecting beam mechanism, four foundations which are distributed independently traditionally are connected into an integral cooperative working system; stress sharing and dynamic compensation are achieved, and the inclination risk caused by differential settlement of the ground surface of the goaf is effectively resisted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of transmission tower reinforcement foundations, and in particular to a double-coupling-beam reinforcement foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function. Background Art

[0002] As my country's power transmission network expands into complex geological regions such as remote mountainous areas and mining areas, transmission towers face increasingly severe threats from geological hazards (such as mining area collapse and soft soil foundation settlement) and extreme weather conditions (strong winds, heavy snow, and earthquakes). As the core support for transmission lines, the stability of tower foundations directly impacts the safe operation of the power grid. However, traditional independent foundation designs suffer from inherent flaws such as weak interoperability, poor geological adaptability, and delayed monitoring and adjustment, making them unable to meet the requirements of high-reliability power transmission. Furthermore, transmission towers are inevitably built above mining areas. Coal mining causes uneven subsidence above the ground, resulting in uneven, collapsed areas and cracks. This significantly impacts the safety of transmission tower foundations, causing tower distortion, foundation settlement, displacement, and sag changes. To eliminate safety hazards associated with transmission lines in mining areas and ensure the normal mining and safe operation of coal lines, it is imperative to retrofit transmission lines and tower foundations affected by coal mining, while also balancing economic efficiency.

[0003] Traditional transmission line towers often utilize an independent foundation design, with four separate foundation units lacking an effective connection and coordination mechanism. When faced with geological hazards such as uneven surface settlement and ground slippage in goafs, independent foundations are unable to share stress and dynamically compensate for it, leading to overall tower tilt or even collapse due to localized settlement differences. Furthermore, the rigidly connected coupling beam structure is prone to stress concentration during deformation, causing joint fractures or component damage, resulting in weak deformation resistance. Furthermore, in special geological conditions such as goafs and soft soil, traditional foundations have a small base area and a single load transfer path, which can easily lead to excessive pressure per unit area and cause bearing failure. For extreme loads such as earthquakes, strong winds, and icing, the pullout, wind, and seismic resistance of independent foundations relies on a single component (such as an independent anchor bolt) and lacks a multi-dimensional load distribution system. This often leads to overall instability due to overloading of a single foundation. Furthermore, traditional foundations cannot dynamically adjust their support force based on real-time soil deformation, making them inadequate for preventing geological hazards. Furthermore, existing tower foundation monitoring relies on periodic manual inspections (such as measuring inclination with a total station), lacking real-time dynamic monitoring methods, making it difficult to detect subtle deformation trends and provide early warnings. Existing tower foundation height adjustment is often fixed during the construction phase through a one-time concrete pour. Later, if ground settlement or pouring errors occur, precise calibration becomes impossible, resulting in uneven foundation height causing structural loads and posing a safety hazard in long-term operation. Therefore, the development of a tower foundation that can address these technical issues is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a double-coupling-beam reinforcement foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the present application is: a double-coupling beam reinforcement foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function, comprising four pre-buried bases distributed in a rectangular array, a lower base column installed on the top of each pre-buried base, and an upper base column vertically installed on the top of the lower base column, a base plate for fixed connection to the transmission line tower is installed on the top of the upper base column, a hoop plate structure is installed at the lower part of each lower base column and the upper part of the upper base column, a lower coupling beam mechanism is installed between the hoop plate structures of the four lower base columns, an upper coupling beam mechanism is installed between the hoop plate structures of the four upper base columns, a reinforcement mechanism cooperating with the lower coupling beam mechanism and the upper coupling beam mechanism is installed at the center position between the four pre-buried bases, and a positioning monitoring component for improving the coupling beam support force and soil movement monitoring is installed between the diagonally arranged lower coupling beam mechanism and the upper coupling beam mechanism; The front faces of the four upper base columns are all equipped with inclination monitoring sensors; The positioning monitoring component includes a support base fixedly sleeved on the lower connecting beam mechanism and the upper connecting beam mechanism, a threaded tube fixed between the upper and lower support bases and a bidirectional screw screwed together between the two threaded tubes, and one side of the support base is screwed together with a limiting bolt; a fixing ring is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the bidirectional screw, and at least one horizontally arranged turning handle rod is fixedly connected to the circumference of the fixing ring, and at least two anti-rotation rods are vertically fixed to the top and bottom surfaces of the turning handle rod, and deflection plates for monitoring soil settlement and displacement are movably hinged between the two anti-rotation rods through pins, and a plurality of swingable soil grabbing grooves staggered up and down are equidistantly provided on both sides of the deflection plate, and a passive acoustic wave sensor is embedded in one side of the soil grabbing groove.

[0006] Furthermore, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the height of the upper base column is installed inside the lower base column.

[0007] Furthermore, the hoop plate structure includes an outer hoop plate and an inner hoop plate. The outer hoop plate is installed on the lower outer side of each lower base column and the upper outer side of the upper base column, and the inner hoop plate is installed on the lower inner side of each lower base column and the upper inner side of the upper base column. The two ends of the outer hoop plate and the inner hoop plate are connected and fixed by multiple bolts.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer hoop plate and the inner hoop plate are both L-shaped plate structures, and anti-slip grooves are opened on the inner side surfaces of the outer hoop plate and the inner hoop plate, and anti-slip plates are padded in the anti-slip grooves.

[0009] Furthermore, the lower connecting beam mechanism and the upper connecting beam mechanism both include a connecting plate welded to the outer side surface of the inner hoop plate, lateral connecting seats installed on both sides of the outer side surface of the connecting plate by bolts, and side connecting pipes installed on the connecting plate, and the top and bottom surfaces of the connecting plate are welded with stiffening plates; a diagonal connecting seat is also installed on the connecting plate between the two lateral connecting seats, and the outer end of the diagonal connecting seat is connected to the diagonal connecting pipe through a flange, and the inner ends of the two side connecting pipes in the same axial direction are connected and fixed by a stiffening flange; a positioning monitoring component for improving the supporting force of the connecting beam and monitoring soil movement is installed between the diagonal connecting pipes in the lower connecting beam mechanism and the upper connecting beam mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the reinforcement mechanism includes two center seats arranged parallel to each other, multiple locking telescopic support columns installed on the circumferential side between the two center seats, and reinforcement flanges welded at the four corners of the center seats. The inner ends of the diagonal connecting pipes are connected and fixed to the reinforcement flanges on the center seats by bolts.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a screw that is rotatably arranged in the middle of the inner bottom surface of the lower base column, a reinforcement column that is vertically inserted into the rectangular opening of the lower base column, and an inner hexagonal groove formed on the top surface of the screw. The upper column body of the reinforcement column is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper base column, and a threaded hole that cooperates with the screw is vertically penetrated in the middle of the reinforcement column; an operating port for rotating the screw is formed in the middle of the top surface of the base plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a positioning sleeve is sleeved between the upper part of the lower base column and the lower part of the upper base column, and positioning bolts are installed at the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the positioning sleeve. The upper side of the lower base column and the lower side of the upper base column are equidistantly provided with multiple positioning holes that cooperate with the positioning bolts, and the inner ends of the positioning bolts are connected to the positioning holes at corresponding positions.

[0013] Furthermore, a hoop-type earthquake-resistant plate is installed between the lower base column and the embedded base, and "J"-shaped pull-out hook bars are installed at the four corners of the bottom of the embedded base.

[0014] Furthermore, a buffer groove is provided on the top of the front end face of the upper base column, a buffer plate is slidably installed in the buffer groove, an inclination monitoring sensor is installed on the front end face of the buffer plate, one end of a buffer spring is fixed to the four corners of the inner side face of the buffer plate, and the other end of the buffer spring is fixed to the inner wall of the buffer groove; a power supply module for electrically connecting to the inclination monitoring sensor is installed at the rear end of the buffer groove.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application compared to the prior art are: 1. Through the combination of pre-buried foundations, lower and upper base columns, and lower and upper connecting beams, the four traditionally independent foundations are connected into a coordinated, integrated system. Compared to a single independent foundation, the connecting beam structure allows for stress sharing and dynamic compensation among the foundations. This significantly increases the amount of soil that can be carried by the tower foundation, significantly improving overall stability and effectively combating the risk of tilting caused by uneven surface settlement in the goaf. The double connecting beam structure, composed of various components, enhances overall deformation resistance. The L-shaped outer and inner hoop plates are bolted together, and combined with anti-slip plates (wooden boards) to enhance fit and stability, forming a flexible constraint structure. When local foundations shift due to settlement, the connecting beam mechanism can fine-tune their height by adjusting the tightness of the bolts, allowing the foundations to deform collaboratively within a certain range and avoiding stress concentration caused by rigid connections.

[0016] 2. This application can improve the adaptability and load dispersion capability under complex geological conditions, and is convenient for dealing with problems such as deformation and collapse of strata in goaf areas. The double-beam reinforced foundation transfers the load evenly by expanding the bottom area (distributed in a rectangular array of multiple bases), reduces the pressure per unit area of ​​the foundation, and improves the bearing capacity. At the same time, the reinforcement mechanism (center seat and locking telescopic support column) can dynamically adjust the support force according to the displacement of the soil, forming a three-level anti-deformation mechanism of "dispersion-transmission-compensation", reducing the additional stress on the tower caused by geological disasters. At the same time, it can play a role in resisting extreme loads and can cope with natural disasters such as strong winds, ice and snow. The collaborative working characteristics of the double-beam structure enable each foundation to share the load and avoid overloading of a single foundation. For example, the side connecting pipes and diagonal connecting pipes form a rigid frame through flanges and stiffened plates, which enhances the horizontal wind resistance. The pull-out hooks and seismic plates improve the pull-out and seismic resistance of the foundation, ensuring the safe operation of the transmission line under extreme conditions.

[0017] 3. This application facilitates real-time dynamic tilt monitoring through intelligent monitoring and adjustability. The tilt monitoring sensor (equipped with a buffer spring) built into the upper base column senses changes in the tower's verticality in real time. This data is remotely transmitted to a monitoring center, and warning thresholds are set to achieve automated monitoring and early warning of tilt risks. Combined with manual patrols (total station and level instrument inspections), this creates a dual tilt monitoring system of "real-time monitoring + periodic verification" to ensure timely detection of hidden dangers. The application also features highly adaptive adjustment, with an adjustment mechanism (screw-reinforcement column drive) supporting precise adjustment of the upper base column height (manually or with a tool-driven screw through the hexagonal socket). Combined with positioning sleeves and positioning bolts for locking, the baseplate height can be dynamically calibrated during installation or subsequent settlement, eliminating height differences caused by uneven concrete pouring or ground settlement, and preventing structural eccentricity caused by foundation height differences.

[0018] 4. This application has good durability and operation and maintenance cost optimization effects; through multiple anti-corrosion and connection reinforcement, and through the use of ultrasonic and X-ray dual flaw detection on welding nodes, the integrity of the connecting beam structure is ensured; high-strength bolts are re-tightened in stages and equipped with anti-loosening measures to prevent connection failure caused by long-term vibration. The surface of the steel structure is coated with multiple layers of asphalt anti-corrosion coating, combined with the insulation protection of anti-slide plates (wooden boards), to resist soil moisture and chemical corrosion, thereby extending the service life of the foundation; soil movement monitoring and low-cost operation and maintenance: The positioning monitoring component (passive acoustic wave sensor + deflection plate) can sense soil vibration and displacement without power supply, and through the soil grip groove to enhance coupling with the soil, it can realize passive monitoring of hidden dangers such as underground pipeline leakage and ground collapse. This design reduces the power supply and maintenance costs of traditional monitoring equipment, and at the same time reduces the frequency of repairs and reinforcements caused by settlement through adjustable mechanisms, significantly reducing the operation and maintenance costs throughout the life cycle.

[0019] 5. This application's installation process utilizes a "layered pouring - modular assembly - dynamic calibration" process, facilitating ease of construction and modular assembly. The embedded base and pull-out hook design simplify foundation pit construction, while bolt connections and flange interfaces enable rapid assembly. The integrated design of the adjustment mechanism and positioning monitoring components allows for simultaneous on-site height calibration and monitoring equipment installation, shortening the construction period and improving project efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of this application; Figure 4 This is a first-person perspective structural diagram after removing the positioning sleeve; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure from a second perspective after the positioning sleeve is removed; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the present application from a first perspective; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the present application from a second perspective; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the side connecting pipe, the diagonal connecting pipe and the reinforcement mechanism; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation status of the side connecting pipe and the diagonal connecting pipe; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the diagonal connecting pipe and the positioning monitoring component; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lower base column and the upper base column; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the position relationship between the reinforcement column and the screw; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning monitoring component structure; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the buffer plate and the inclination monitoring sensor.

[0021] Serial numbers in the figure: 1. Embedded base; 2. Lower base column; 3. Upper base column; 4. Positioning sleeve; 5. Base plate; 6. Operation port; 7. Outer hoop plate; 8. Inner hoop plate; 9. Connecting plate; 10. Lateral connecting seat; 11. Reinforced plate; 12. Anti-slip plate; 13. Reinforced column; 14. Screw; 15. Tilt monitoring sensor; 16. Diagonal connecting seat; 17. Anti-seismic plate; 18. Center seat; 19. Cross reinforced rod; 20. Locking telescopic support column; 21. Lateral connecting pipe; 22. Diagonal connecting pipe; 23. Support seat; 24. Pull-out hook; 25. Limit bolt; 26. Threaded pipe; 27. Bidirectional screw; 28. Fixing ring; 29. ​​Turning handle rod; 30. Anti-rotation rod; 31. Deflection plate; 32. Passive acoustic wave sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the present application provides a double-beam reinforcement foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function, comprising four embedded bases 1 distributed in a rectangular array, a lower base column 2 installed on the top of each embedded base 1, and an upper base column 3 vertically installed on the top of the lower base column 2, a positioning sleeve 4 is sleeved between the upper part of the lower base column 2 and the lower part of the upper base column 3; a base plate 5 is installed on the top of the upper base column 3, and a hoop plate structure is installed on the lower part of each lower base column 2 and the upper part of the upper base column 3, and an anti-slide plate 12 is arranged between the hoop plate structure and the embedded base 1.

[0024] like Figure 1 、 4As shown in Figures 7, 11 and 12, the hoop plate structure includes an outer hoop plate 7 and an inner hoop plate 8. The outer hoop plate 7 is installed on the lower outer side of each lower base column 2 and the upper outer side of the upper base column 3. The inner hoop plate 8 is installed on the lower inner side of each lower base column 2 and the upper inner side of the upper base column 3. The two ends of the outer hoop plate 7 and the inner hoop plate 8 are connected and fixed by multiple bolts. The outer hoop plate 7 and the inner hoop plate 8 are both L-shaped plate structures, and the inner side surfaces of the outer hoop plate 7 and the inner hoop plate 8 are provided with anti-slip grooves. The anti-slip grooves are padded with anti-slip plates 12. The anti-slip plates 12 are made of wooden boards. The wooden boards are padded between the hoop plate structure and the embedded base 1. The wooden boards can protect the base columns and enhance the stability of the hoop plate structure, making the hoop plate structure and the embedded base 1 fit more firmly and stably. When installing the outer hoop plate 7 and the inner hoop plate 8, do not tighten the bolts first, just fix them slightly to facilitate the subsequent position adjustment operation of the corresponding height. After the adjustment is completed, tighten and lock the outer hoop plate 7 and the inner hoop plate 8.

[0025] A lower connecting beam mechanism is installed between the inner hoop plates 8 of the four lower base columns 2, an upper connecting beam mechanism is installed between the inner hoop plates 8 of the four upper base columns 3, and a reinforcement mechanism that cooperates with the lower connecting beam mechanism and the upper connecting beam mechanism is installed at the center position between the four embedded bases 1; an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the height of the upper base column 3 is installed inside the lower base column 2; the double connecting beam foundation composed of various components can connect multiple originally independent foundations into a whole through a specific structure, so that the various foundations can support each other and work together; if faced with uneven surface settlement in the goaf, compared with a single independent foundation, the double connecting beam foundation composed of various components can better disperse and transfer stress, avoid the transmission line tower from tilting or even collapsing due to excessive differences in local foundation settlement, and greatly improve the overall stability of the transmission line tower foundation.

[0026] Due to the complex geological conditions in the goaf, problems such as ground deformation and collapse are prone to occur. The lower connecting beam mechanism and the upper connecting beam mechanism in the double-beam foundation composed of various components can effectively resist such deformation. When a part of the foundation is affected by deformation, the foundation of other parts can be adjusted and compensated through the connecting beam structure, thereby reducing the adverse effects on the transmission line tower and ensuring the verticality and stability of the transmission line tower. The double-beam foundation usually has a larger bottom area. Compared with the traditional single foundation, it can distribute the load borne by the transmission line tower more evenly to the foundation, reduce the pressure borne by the unit area of ​​the foundation, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the foundation, and is more suitable for areas such as goaf. It is used in areas with relatively poor soil conditions; when the various components are connected, a coordinated working system is formed; when bearing loads, the various foundations work together to withstand greater external forces; for example, when encountering natural disasters such as strong winds, ice and snow, the load on the transmission line tower increases, and the double-beam foundation formed can better withstand these additional loads and ensure the safe operation of the transmission line; because the double-beam foundation can adapt to uneven settlement, it avoids excessive additional stress on the transmission line tower structure caused by excessive settlement differences; this can extend the service life of the transmission line tower, reduce the maintenance and reinforcement work caused by foundation settlement problems, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0027] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 12, the lower connecting beam mechanism and the upper connecting beam mechanism both include a connecting plate 9 welded to the middle of the outer side surface of the inner hoop plate 8, lateral connecting seats 10 installed on both sides of the outer side surface of the connecting plate 9 by bolts, and side connecting pipes 21 installed at the outer ends of the connecting plate 9. Four triangular stiffening plates 11 are welded to the top and bottom surfaces of the connecting plate 9, and the inner ends of the stiffening plates 11 are welded and fixed to the inner hoop plate 8; a diagonal connecting seat 16 is also installed on the connecting plate 9 between the two lateral connecting seats 10, and the outer ends of the diagonal connecting seats 16 are connected to the diagonal connecting pipe 22 through a flange, and the inner ends of the two side connecting pipes 21 in the same axial direction are connected and fixed through a stiffening flange; a positioning monitoring component for improving the supporting force of the connecting beam and monitoring soil movement is installed between the diagonal connecting pipes 22 in the lower connecting beam mechanism and the upper connecting beam mechanism.

[0028] like Figure 1 、 2As shown in Figures 4, 6, and 8, the reinforcement mechanism includes two center seats 18 arranged parallel to each other, a plurality of locking telescopic support columns 20 installed on the circumferential side between the two center seats 18, and reinforcement flanges welded at the four corners of the center seat 18. The center seat 18 is an octagonal plate, and a cross reinforcing rod 19 is integrally formed in the middle of the center seat 18. The inner ends of the diagonal connecting tubes 22 are connected and fixed to the reinforcement flanges on the center seat 18 by bolts; the locking telescopic support column 20 is composed of a fixed cylinder, a push rod located in the fixed cylinder, and a locking bolt screwed together on the upper outer surface of the fixed cylinder, and a plurality of locking holes are equidistantly provided on the lower outer side of the push rod, and the inner end of the locking bolt abuts against one of the locking holes.

[0029] like Figure 10 、 11 As shown in Figures 1 and 12, the adjustment mechanism includes a screw 14 rotatably arranged in the middle of the inner bottom surface of the lower base column 2, a reinforcement column 13 vertically inserted in the rectangular opening of the lower base column 2, and an inner hexagonal slot provided on the top surface of the screw 14. The upper column body of the reinforcement column 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper base column 3, and a threaded hole cooperating with the screw 14 is vertically penetrated in the middle of the reinforcement column 13; an operating port 6 for rotating the screw 14 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the base plate 5, and mounting holes for connecting to the transmission tower are provided at the four corners of the top surface of the base plate 5; positioning bolts are installed on the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the positioning sleeve 4, and a plurality of positioning holes cooperating with the positioning bolts are equidistantly provided on the upper side of the lower base column 2 and the lower side of the upper base column 3, and the inner ends of the positioning bolts are connected to the positioning holes at corresponding positions.

[0030] A clamp-type seismic plate 17 is installed between the lower base column 2 and the embedded base 1, and "J"-shaped anti-pullout hook bars 24 are installed at the four corners of the bottom of the embedded base 1; a buffer groove is provided on the top of the front end face of the upper base column 3, and a buffer plate is slidably installed in the buffer groove, and an inclination monitoring sensor 15 is installed on the front end face of the buffer plate, and one end of a buffer spring is fixed to the four corners of the inner side surface of the buffer plate, and the other end of the buffer spring is fixed to the inner wall of the buffer groove; a power supply module for electrically connecting to the inclination monitoring sensor 15 is installed at the rear end of the buffer groove.

[0031] like Figure 8 、 9As shown in , 10, 13, and 14, the positioning monitoring component includes a support seat 23 fixedly sleeved on the upper and lower diagonal connecting tubes 22, a threaded tube 26 fixed between the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower support seats 23, and a bidirectional screw rod 27 screwed together between the insides of the two threaded tubes 26, one side of the support seat 23 is screwed together with a limiting bolt 25, and the inner end of the limiting bolt 25 is locked against the outer wall of the diagonal connecting tube 22; a fixing ring 28 is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the bidirectional screw rod 27, and three horizontally arranged turning handle rods 29 are fixedly connected to the circumference of the fixing ring 28, and the outer ends and middle parts of the top and bottom surfaces of the turning handle rod 29 are vertically fixed with a stop rod 30, and a deflection plate 31 for monitoring soil settlement displacement is movably hinged between the upper two stop rods 30 and the lower two stop rods 30 through a pin shaft; the deflection plate 31 is fixed under the action of gravity The deflector plate 31 is in a drooping state, and a plurality of deflectable soil-grabbing grooves are equidistantly provided on both sides of the deflector plate 31. The soil-grabbing grooves on both sides of the deflector plate 31 are staggered up and down, and the staggered soil-grabbing grooves can improve the gripping effect of the deflection plate 31 buried in the soil layer; a passive acoustic wave sensor 32 is embedded and installed on one side of the bottom of the deflectable soil-grabbing groove; the model of the passive acoustic wave sensor 32 is DAS-U250, which is buried on the surface or underground to detect seismic waves, object vibrations or sound source positions such as geological monitoring; the detection principle of the passive acoustic wave sensor 32 is: the mechanical vibration of the soil and rock is sensed by a piezoelectric element or an accelerometer, and the vibration signal can be converted into an electrical signal without power supply; after burial, the vibration wave can be transmitted to the passive acoustic wave sensor 32 through the solid medium, thereby realizing the positioning of the earthquake source or vibration source.

[0032] By cooperating the adjustment mechanism with the positioning monitoring component, the structural design of the double-beam foundation can be made adjustable to a certain extent, thereby reducing additional stress.

[0033] Working Principle: In this embodiment, the present application also proposes a method for installing a double-coupling-beam reinforced foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function, comprising the following steps: Step 1: First, according to the installation position of the transmission line tower, a pre-buried foundation pit is excavated, and four casting pools are dug under the four corners of the foundation pit, and a steel skeleton is laid inside the casting pool and the pre-buried foundation pit. Then, concrete is poured into the casting pool and the lower layer of the pre-buried foundation pit (the depth of the casting pool is 100 cm, and the thickness of the concrete casting layer in the pre-buried foundation pit is 30 cm). After the concrete is poured and before it solidifies, the pre-buried base 1 is placed on the surface of the concrete layer of the corresponding casting pool, and then the pull-out hook reinforcement 24 is inserted into the concrete in the casting pool, and the concrete in the pre-buried foundation pit is waited for to complete solidification and curing.

[0034] Step 2: Then install the lower base column 2 on the top of the embedded base 1 through multiple bolts. After the four lower base columns 2 are installed, install the upper base column 3 with the reinforcement column 13 on the lower base column 2 (during installation, insert the hexagonal stick column into the hexagonal groove on the top of the screw rod 14 to prevent the screw rod 14 from rotating, and then manually rotate the upper base column 3 to drive the reinforcement column 13 to rotate and descend on the screw rod 14 to complete the preliminary installation. Before the reinforcement column 13 enters the lower base column 2, the reinforcement column 13 is fed into the rectangular inner cavity of the lower base column 2 by rotating the screw rod 14). Then, install the positioning sleeve 4 from the top of the upper base column 3 to the docking position of the lower base column 2 and the upper base column 3, and then 5 is fixed to the top of the upper base column 3 by bolts, and then the construction workers use a level to observe whether the heights of the four base plates 5 are consistent (the purpose of this observation is to avoid uneven settlement of the concrete casting platform during the solidification process). If the heights of the base plates 5 are different, an external hexagonal stick column is inserted into the hexagonal slot to drive the screw 14 to rotate. The rotating screw 14 can adjust the height of the reinforcement column 13 and complete the height adjustment of the base plate 5 installed on the top of the upper base column 3. After the heights of all base plates 5 are adjusted to be consistent, the spacing between the adjusted lower base column 2 and the upper base column 3 is locked and fixed by the positioning bolts and positioning sleeves 4.

[0035] Step three, then install the inclination monitoring sensor 15 with the power supply module in the buffer groove of the upper base column 3, and pass the wires on the power supply module through the wire hole opened on the side wall of the upper base column 3, then install the outer hoop plate 7 and the inner hoop plate 8 that are fixed to the lower base column 2 and the upper base column 3, and then install the lower connecting beam mechanism between the four lower base columns 2 through bolts and flanges, and then install the upper connecting beam mechanism between the four upper base columns 3 with adjusted heights through bolts and flanges.

[0036] Step 4: Then, according to the spacing of the inner hoop plates 8 installed on the lower base column 2 and the upper base column 3, the spacing of the two center seats 18 in the reinforcement mechanism is adjusted. After completing the spacing adjustment of the center seats 18, the adjusted locking telescopic support column 20 is locked and fixed by the locking bolt, thereby completing the adaptive adjustment of the reinforcement mechanism; then, according to the adjusted reinforcement mechanism, the spacing of the upper and lower diagonal connecting tubes 22 is adjusted, and the bidirectional screw rod 27 fixed to the fixing ring 28 is driven to rotate by rotating the turning handle rod 29. When the bidirectional screw rod 27 rotates, it pushes or pulls the spacing between the two threaded tubes 26, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the spacing between the upper and lower diagonal connecting tubes 22; then, the adjusted diagonal connecting tube 22 is installed, and the outer end of the diagonal connecting tube 22 is connected and fixed to the diagonal connecting seat 16 installed on the connecting plate 9; then the inner end of the diagonal connecting tube 22 is connected and fixed to the reinforcement flange on the center seat 18; the assembly operation of the entire double-beam foundation is completed.

[0037] Step five: Then, the welds at each welded connection node are inspected by flaw detection, using a combination of ultrasonic flaw detection and X-ray flaw detection to doubly guarantee the welding quality and ensure the integrity and reliability of the double-beam foundation; then, the high-strength bolts used are tightened again, and the bolts are tightened step by step in multiple times according to the specified torque value to avoid structural damage caused by excessive single tightening force; after the bolts are tightened, multiple anti-loosening measures such as anti-loosening nuts and cotter pins are used to ensure that the bolt connection is always stable and reliable during long-term operation.

[0038] Step six: All installed steel components are then subjected to comprehensive and detailed surface treatment. First, an electric wire brush is used to thoroughly remove surface rust, oil stains and other impurities until the metallic luster is exposed. Then, multiple layers of asphalt anti-corrosion coating are evenly applied. The interval time and thickness of each layer of coating strictly follow the process standards to ensure the formation of a dense and long-lasting anti-corrosion coating, which effectively resists the erosion of steel components by environmental factors such as soil and moisture, and greatly extends the service life of the structure.

[0039] Step seven, backfill the pre-buried foundation pit; after the anti-corrosion coating is fully dried and solidified, select backfill soil materials that meet the design requirements, and use layered backfilling and layered compaction methods to carry out foundation backfill operations; the thickness of each layer of backfill soil is controlled within 30 cm, and a small compaction machine is used in combination with manual compaction. During the compaction process, avoid the area where structural parts are installed to ensure that the density of the backfill soil meets the design standard, provide stable lateral support for the double-beam foundation, and ensure that the overall structure of the transmission line tower is firmly rooted in the ground; and after backfilling the soil, the deflection plate 31 and the stop rod 30 squeezed by the soil can limit the handle rod 29 to avoid the two sides adjusted by the two-way screw rod 27. The spacing between the root threaded pipes 26 changes; and when the deflection plate 31 is buried inside the soil, the soil movement can be monitored by the passive acoustic wave sensor 32 installed at the bottom. The main monitoring method is to determine the initial position of the passive acoustic wave sensor 32 after burial. If the soil moves due to the collapse of the mine goaf in the future, the passive acoustic wave sensor 32 installed at the bottom of the deflection plate 31 will change its position, and then the soil movement will be monitored by the passive acoustic wave sensor 32 with a changed position, and the mechanical vibration of the soil, rock soil and rock in the subsequent foundation pit can be sensed, and the earthquake source or vibration source can be located.

[0040] Step 8: After the foundation pit is backfilled, the inclination monitoring sensor 15 installed on the upper base column 3 is located above the backfill layer. Finally, the transmission line tower is installed on the base plate 5, completing the installation of the transmission line tower. Subsequently, the inclination monitoring sensor 15 is used for continuous monitoring to facilitate real-time monitoring of changes in the tower's inclination. The inclinometer data is transmitted to the remote monitoring center, and an early warning threshold is set. Once the tower's inclination approaches or exceeds the threshold, an alarm is immediately triggered to notify the operation and maintenance personnel. At the same time, professional personnel are arranged to conduct regular manual special inspections and measurements. Using precision measuring instruments such as total stations and levels, key indicators such as the transmission line tower's foundation settlement and the deformation of the connecting beam structure are carefully tested. These indicators are then verified with the data from the inclination monitoring sensor 15 to ensure that any potential safety hazards are discovered and addressed in a timely manner, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the transmission line tower.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A double-coupling-beam foundation reinforcement for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function, characterized in that: The invention comprises four pre-buried bases (1) distributed in a rectangular array, a lower base column (2) installed on the top of each pre-buried base (1), and an upper base column (3) vertically installed on the top of the lower base column (2), a base plate (5) for fixed connection with a transmission line tower is installed on the top of the upper base column (3), a hoop plate structure is installed at the lower part of each lower base column (2) and the upper part of the upper base column (3), a lower connecting beam mechanism is installed between the hoop plate structures of the four lower base columns (2), an upper connecting beam mechanism is installed between the hoop plate structures of the four upper base columns (3), a reinforcement mechanism coordinated with the lower connecting beam mechanism and the upper connecting beam mechanism is installed at the center position between the four pre-buried bases (1), and a positioning monitoring component for improving the supporting force of the connecting beam and monitoring soil movement is installed between the lower connecting beam mechanism and the upper connecting beam mechanism arranged in a diagonal line; The front ends of the four upper base columns (3) are each equipped with an inclination monitoring sensor (15); The positioning monitoring component comprises a support seat (23) fixedly sleeved on the lower connecting beam mechanism and the upper connecting beam mechanism, a threaded tube (26) fixed between the upper and lower support seats (23), and a bidirectional screw rod (27) screwedly connected between the two threaded tubes (26); one side of the support seat (23) is screwedly connected to a limit bolt (25); a fixing ring (28) is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the bidirectional screw rod (27), and at least one horizontally arranged turning handle rod (29) is fixedly connected to the circumference of the fixing ring (28); at least two anti-rotation rods (30) are vertically fixedly connected to the top and bottom surfaces of the turning handle rod (29); a deflection plate (31) for monitoring soil settlement displacement is movably hinged between two adjacent anti-rotation rods (30) through a pin shaft; a plurality of swingable soil grabbing grooves arranged in an upper and lower staggered manner are equidistantly opened on both sides of the deflection plate (31); a passive acoustic wave sensor (32) is embedded and installed on one side of the soil grabbing groove.

2. The double coupling beam reinforcement foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjusting mechanism for adjusting the height of the upper base column (3) is installed inside the lower base column (2).

3. The double coupling beam reinforcement foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hoop plate structure comprises an outer hoop plate (7) and an inner hoop plate (8), wherein the outer side of the lower portion of each lower base column (2) and the outer side of the upper portion of the upper base column (3) are both installed with the outer hoop plate (7), and the inner side of the lower portion of each lower base column (2) and the inner side of the upper portion of the upper base column (3) are both installed with the inner hoop plate (8), and the two ends of the outer hoop plate (7) and the inner hoop plate (8) are connected and fixed by a plurality of bolts.

4. The double coupling beam reinforcement foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer hoop plate (7) and the inner hoop plate (8) are both L-shaped plate structures, and anti-slip grooves are provided on the inner side surfaces of the outer hoop plate (7) and the inner hoop plate (8), and anti-slip plates (12) are provided in the anti-slip grooves.

5. The double coupling beam reinforcement foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower connecting beam mechanism and the upper connecting beam mechanism both comprise a connecting plate (9) welded to the outer side surface of the inner hoop plate (8), a lateral connecting seat (10) installed on both sides of the outer side surface of the connecting plate (9) by bolts, and a lateral connecting pipe (21) installed on the connecting plate (9), and the top and bottom surfaces of the connecting plate (9) are welded with a stiffening plate (11); a diagonal connecting seat (16) is further installed on the connecting plate (9) between the two lateral connecting seats (10), the outer end of the diagonal connecting seat (16) is connected to the diagonal connecting pipe (22) through a flange, and the inner ends of the two lateral connecting pipes (21) in the same axial direction are connected and fixed by a stiffening flange; a positioning monitoring component for improving the supporting force of the connecting beam and monitoring soil movement is installed between the diagonal connecting pipes (22) in the lower connecting beam mechanism and the upper connecting beam mechanism.

6. The double coupling beam reinforcement foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reinforcement mechanism includes two center seats (18) arranged parallel to each other, a plurality of locking telescopic support columns (20) installed on the circumferential side between the two center seats (18), and reinforcement flanges welded at the four corners of the center seats (18). The inner ends of the diagonal connecting pipes (22) are connected and fixed to the reinforcement flanges on the center seats (18) by bolts.

7. The double coupling beam reinforcement foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism comprises a screw (14) rotatably arranged in the middle of the inner bottom surface of the lower base column (2), a reinforcing column (13) vertically inserted into the rectangular opening of the lower base column (2), and an inner hexagonal groove provided on the top surface of the screw (14); the upper column of the reinforcing column (13) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper base column (3), and a threaded hole is vertically penetrated in the middle of the reinforcing column (13) to cooperate with the screw (14); and an operating port (6) for rotating the screw (14) is provided in the middle of the top surface of the base plate (5).

8. The double coupling beam reinforcement foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function according to claim 7, characterized in that: A positioning sleeve (4) is sleeved between the upper part of the lower base column (2) and the lower part of the upper base column (3), and positioning bolts are installed at the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the positioning sleeve (4). A plurality of positioning holes that cooperate with the positioning bolts are evenly spaced on the upper side of the lower base column (2) and the lower side of the upper base column (3), and the inner ends of the positioning bolts are connected to the positioning holes at corresponding positions.

9. The double coupling beam reinforcement foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hoop-type anti-seismic plate (17) is installed between the lower base column (2) and the embedded base (1), and "J"-shaped anti-pullout hook reinforcement (24) is installed at the four corners of the bottom of the embedded base (1).

10. The double coupling beam reinforcement foundation for a transmission line tower with a tilt monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer groove is provided at the top of the front end face of the upper base column (3), a buffer plate is slidably installed in the buffer groove, an inclination monitoring sensor (15) is installed on the front end face of the buffer plate, one end of a buffer spring is fixedly connected to the four corners of the inner side face of the buffer plate, and the other end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the buffer groove; a power supply module for electrically connecting to the inclination monitoring sensor (15) is installed at the rear end of the buffer groove.

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