Machine tool structure optimization method and device and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool structure optimization, in particular to a machine tool structure optimization method and device and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: building a machine tool parameterization simulation model which has structure variable parameters, and the structure variable parameters comprise machine tool body size variable parameters; determining a first variable range of the structure variable parameters, performing parameterized simulation analysis by taking a preset weight index and a preset rigidity index as optimization targets, and outputting first numerical values of the structure variable parameters under the condition that an optimization result is optimal, the first numerical value of the lathe bed size variable parameter is the final optimization value. According to the method, the parameterized modeling technology is adopted, the lathe bed size variable is parameterized, the reasonable variable range and constraint conditions are set, the preset weight index and the preset rigidity index serve as optimization targets, the lathe bed size is designed through the parameterized simulation analysis means, balance optimization of the weight and the structural rigidity is achieved, and the resonance problem is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machine tool structure optimization, and in particular to a machine tool structure optimization method, device and medium. Background Art

[0002] Related Technology The bed of an ultra-precision machine tool is made of natural marble. Natural marble has good thermal stability, but its elastic modulus is small and it is brittle. Due to the material properties, the processed shapes of natural marble are generally square or rectangular. It is impossible to remove material from natural marble at will according to the design requirements. At the same time, in order to reduce the deformation caused by the bed load and improve the static stiffness, the overall structural size of the bed is usually designed to be larger. The bed weight is too high. Under the influence of its own weight and load, the bed surface flatness is poor, which wastes materials and increases processing costs. When the bed weight is large and the weight of the whole machine is too high, the dynamic vibration resistance of the whole machine will also be reduced, especially when the first-order natural frequency of the whole machine is too low. The vibration of the external environment and the processing process can easily cause the whole machine system to resonate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a machine tool structure optimization method, device and medium to solve the problem that machine tools are prone to resonance.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a machine tool structure optimization method, including:

[0005] Establishing a parametric simulation model of a machine tool, wherein the parametric simulation model of the machine tool has structural variable parameters, and the structural variable parameters include bed size variable parameters;

[0006] Determine the first variable range of each of the structural variable parameters, and ensure that each of the structural variable parameters satisfies preset restriction conditions. Take the preset weight index and the preset stiffness index as optimization targets, use the machine tool parametric simulation model to perform parametric simulation analysis on the structural variable parameters, and output the first value of the structural variable parameter when the optimization result is optimal. The first value of the bed size variable parameter is the final optimized value.

[0007] Optionally, the machine tool parametric simulation model has motion variable parameters, the structure variable parameters further include layout variable parameters, the first values ​​of the structure variable parameters include the first values ​​of the layout variable parameters, and the machine tool structure optimization method further includes:

[0008] Determining a variable range of the motion variable parameter, determining a second variable range of the layout variable parameter based on the first value of the layout variable parameter, and satisfying the preset restriction condition between each of the layout variable parameters, performing a parametric simulation analysis on the layout variable parameters and the motion variable parameters using the machine tool parametric simulation model with the preset stiffness index as an optimization target, and outputting a second value of the layout variable parameter when the preset stiffness index is optimal;

[0009] Based on the first value of the layout variable parameter and the second value of the layout variable parameter, a third variable range of the layout variable parameter is determined, and the preset restriction conditions are satisfied between each of the layout variable parameters. Taking the preset stiffness index as the optimization target, the machine tool parametric simulation model is used to perform parametric simulation analysis on the layout variable parameters and the motion variable parameters, and the third value of the layout variable parameter is output when the preset stiffness index is optimal. The third value of the layout variable parameter is the final optimized value.

[0010] Optionally, the preset weight index includes the weight of the machine tool bed.

[0011] Optionally, the preset stiffness index includes at least one of the maximum deformation of the machine tool bed in the Y direction, the stress value of the bed, the strain value of the bed, and the first-order natural frequency of the bed, and the Y direction is the direction of gravity.

[0012] Optionally, the preset stiffness index is the maximum deformation of the machine tool bed in the Y direction, and when the maximum deformation of the machine tool bed in the Y direction is the smallest, the preset stiffness index is optimal;

[0013] Alternatively, the preset stiffness index is a stress value of the bed, and when the stress value of the bed is minimum, the preset stiffness index is optimal;

[0014] Alternatively, the preset stiffness index is the strain value of the bed, and when the strain value of the bed is minimum, the preset stiffness index is optimal;

[0015] Alternatively, the preset stiffness index is the first-order natural frequency of the bed, and when the first-order natural frequency of the bed is the highest, the preset stiffness index is optimal.

[0016] Optionally, the preset stiffness index includes at least one of a maximum deformation of the machine tool bed in the Y direction, a stress value of the bed, and a strain value of the bed, and the optimal optimization result includes:

[0017] The preset weight index is minimum and the preset stiffness index is minimum;

[0018] Alternatively, a weighted sum of the preset weight index and the preset stiffness index is minimum.

[0019] Optionally, the preset stiffness index includes the first-order natural frequency of the bed, and the optimal optimization result includes:

[0020] The preset weight index is the minimum and the preset stiffness index is the maximum.

[0021] Optionally, determining the second variable range of the layout variable parameter based on the first value of the layout variable parameter includes:

[0022] Taking the first value of the layout variable parameter as a center point, a second variable range of the layout variable parameter is determined based on experience.

[0023] Optionally, determining a third variable range of the layout variable parameter based on the first value of the layout variable parameter and the second value of the layout variable parameter includes:

[0024] The third variable range of the layout variable parameter is determined by taking the larger value of the first numerical value of the layout variable parameter and the second numerical value of the layout variable parameter as the upper limit value of the third variable range, and taking the smaller value of the first numerical value of the layout variable parameter and the second numerical value of the layout variable parameter as the lower limit value of the third variable range.

[0025] Optionally, the machine tool parametric simulation model includes a bed, and a first guide rail component, a second guide rail component and four support assemblies mounted on the bed, wherein the bed includes an upper bed portion and a lower bed portion;

[0026] The distance between the outer edge of the support component along the Z direction and the corresponding outer edge of the upper bed body along the Z direction is P1, the distance between the outer edge of the first guide rail component along the Z direction and the corresponding outer edge of the upper bed body along the Z direction is P2, the distance between the edges of the first guide rail component and the second guide rail component close to each other along the Z direction is P3, and the distance between the outer edge of the second guide rail component along the Z direction and the corresponding outer edge of the upper bed body along the Z direction is P4. The layout variable parameters include P1, P2, P3, and P4, and the Z direction is a direction perpendicular to the Y direction.

[0027] Optionally, the size of the upper bed part along the X direction is P5, the size of the lower bed part along the X direction is P6, the size of the upper bed part along the Y direction is P7, the size of the lower bed part along the Y direction is P8, and the sizes of the upper bed part and the lower bed part along the Z direction are P9. The bed size variable parameters include P5, P6, P7, P8, and P9, and the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0028] Optionally, the first guide rail component and the second guide rail component both include a guide portion, and a sliding portion slidably mounted on the guide portion, the distances between the edges of the sliding portion and the guide portion of the first guide rail component that are close to each other along the X direction are P10 and P13, respectively, the distances between the edges of the sliding portion and the guide portion of the second guide rail component that are close to each other along the Z direction are P11 and P12, respectively, and the motion variable parameters include P10, P11, P12, and P13.

[0029] Optionally, the size of the guide portion in the first guide rail component along the X direction and the size of the guide portion in the second guide rail component along the Z direction are L1, the size of the guide portion in the first guide rail component along the Z direction and the size of the guide portion in the second guide rail component along the X direction are W1, the size of the support assembly along the Z direction is L2, the size of the support assembly along the X direction is W2, the size of the sliding portion in the first guide rail component along the X direction and the size of the sliding portion in the second guide rail component along the Z direction are L3, and the size of the center of the spindle component and the upper surface of the upper bed portion along the Y direction is H;

[0030] The preset restriction conditions include:

[0031] (H+P7) / (P9-2×P1-L2)≤1:2

[0032] (H+P7) / (P5+W2)≤1:2

[0033] P2+P4+W1+P3+L1≤P9

[0034] L1≤P5.

[0035] Optionally, the preset restriction condition also includes: P9-2×P1-2×L2≥500mm.

[0036] Optionally, the variable range of the motion variable parameter is: 0~(L1-L3).

[0037] Optionally, the machine tool parametric simulation model further includes a spindle component and a tool holder component, the sliding portion of the first guide rail component is slidably connected to the spindle component, and the sliding portion of the second guide rail component is slidably connected to the tool holder component;

[0038] In the parametric simulation analysis of the structural variable parameters using the machine tool parametric simulation model with the preset weight index and the preset stiffness index as optimization targets, the first guide rail component, the second guide rail component, the spindle component and the tool holder component in the machine tool parametric simulation model are suppressed, and the weight of the first guide rail component and the spindle component are loaded into the area S1 of the upper bed part for installing the first guide rail component, and the weight of the second guide rail component and the tool holder component are loaded into the area S2 of the upper bed part for installing the second guide rail component.

[0039] Optionally, the machine tool parametric simulation model further includes a spindle component and a tool holder component, the sliding portion of the first guide rail component is slidably connected to the spindle component, and the sliding portion of the second guide rail component is slidably connected to the tool holder component;

[0040] In the parametric simulation analysis of the layout variable parameters and the motion variable parameters using the machine tool parametric simulation model with the preset stiffness index as the optimization target, the spindle component and the tool holder component in the machine tool parametric simulation model are suppressed, and the weight of the spindle component is loaded into the area of ​​the sliding portion of the first guide rail component for installing the spindle component, and the weight of the tool holder component is loaded into the area of ​​the sliding portion of the second guide rail component for installing the tool holder component.

[0041] Optionally, the machine tool parametric simulation model is established based on a machine tool parametric geometric model, and the machine tool structure optimization method further includes:

[0042] The machine tool parameterized geometric model is modified according to the first value of the bed size variable parameter and the third value of the layout variable parameter.

[0043] The present application also provides a machine tool structure optimization device, comprising:

[0044] processor;

[0045] a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor;

[0046] Wherein, the processor is configured to perform the aforementioned machine tool structure optimization method by executing the executable instructions.

[0047] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the aforementioned machine tool structure optimization method is implemented.

[0048] The technical effects of this application are as follows:

[0049] The machine tool structure optimization method of this application adopts parametric modeling technology to parameterize the bed size variables and set reasonable variable ranges and constraints. At the same time, the preset weight index and preset stiffness index are used as optimization targets, and the bed size is designed by parametric simulation analysis to achieve balanced optimization of weight and structural stiffness. The bed weight is significantly reduced while ensuring static stiffness, which not only reduces the table deformation, reduces material consumption and processing costs, but also improves the dynamic vibration resistance of the whole machine through lightweight design, and increases the first-order natural frequency of the bed to a reasonable range, effectively avoiding the problem of reduced processing accuracy due to resonance of the whole machine, and meeting the strict requirements of ultra-precision processing on structural stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a specific embodiment of the machine tool structure optimization method provided in this application;

[0051] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the three-dimensional model of the machine tool established in the machine tool structure optimization method;

[0052] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A top view of

[0053] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bed;

[0054] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A top view of

[0055] in, Figure 2-Figure 5 The reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0056] 1-bed; 11-upper bed part; 12-lower bed part; 2-first guide rail component; 3-second guide rail component; A-guide part; B-sliding part; 4-spindle component; 5-tool holder component; 6-support assembly; 7-bed support component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0058] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and that the objects distinguished by "first," "second," and the like are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects; for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, the term "and / or" in the specification and claims refers to at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects connected are in an "or" relationship.

[0059] It should be understood that references throughout this specification to "some embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic associated with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the appearance of "in some embodiments" throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0060] In the description herein, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure in specific contexts.

[0061] Related Technology The bed of an ultra-precision machine tool is made of natural marble. Natural marble has good thermal stability, but its elastic modulus is small and it is brittle. Due to the material properties, the processed shapes of natural marble are generally square or rectangular. It is impossible to remove material from natural marble at will according to the design requirements. At the same time, in order to reduce the deformation caused by the bed load and improve the static stiffness, the overall structural size of the bed is usually designed to be larger. The bed weight is too high. Under the influence of its own weight and load, the bed surface flatness is poor, which wastes materials and increases processing costs. When the bed weight is large and the weight of the whole machine is too high, the dynamic vibration resistance of the whole machine will also be reduced, especially when the first-order natural frequency of the whole machine is too low. The vibration of the external environment and the processing process can easily cause the whole machine system to resonate.

[0062] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the structure of a machine tool. Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a specific embodiment of the machine tool structure optimization method provided in this application.

[0063] The machine tool structure optimization method of the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0064] Establishing a parametric simulation model of a machine tool, wherein the parametric simulation model of the machine tool has structural variable parameters, and the structural variable parameters include bed size variable parameters;

[0065] Determine the first variable range of each structural variable parameter, and ensure that each structural variable parameter meets the preset restriction conditions. Take the preset weight index and preset stiffness index as the optimization target, use the machine tool parametric simulation model to perform parametric simulation analysis on the structural variable parameters, and output the first value of the structural variable parameter when the optimization result is optimal. The first value of the bed size variable parameter is the final optimized value.

[0066] The machine tool structure optimization method proposed in the embodiment of the present application adopts parametric modeling technology to parameterize the bed size variables and set reasonable variable ranges and constraints. At the same time, the preset weight index and preset stiffness index are used as optimization targets, and the bed size is designed by parametric simulation analysis to achieve balanced optimization of weight and structural stiffness. The bed weight is significantly reduced while ensuring static stiffness, which not only reduces the table deformation, reduces material consumption and processing costs, but also improves the dynamic vibration resistance of the whole machine through lightweight design, and increases the first-order natural frequency of the bed to a reasonable range, effectively avoiding the problem of reduced processing accuracy due to resonance of the whole machine, and meeting the strict requirements of ultra-precision processing on structural stability.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, establishing a parametric simulation model of a machine tool includes:

[0068] It is recommended to use a parametric geometric model of the machine tool. The initial values ​​of the structural dimensions in the parametric geometric model of the machine tool can be determined based on experience.

[0069] Import the parametric geometric model of the machine tool into the finite element software, and at the same time input the mechanical parameters of the material into the finite element software. Then assign different material properties to each component in the parametric geometric model of the machine tool. Set fixed constraints at the fixed connections of the machine tool, add the global Y-direction gravity acceleration, adopt the tetrahedral mesh division form globally, and make the mesh unit nodes of the joint surfaces between all components consistent to complete the establishment of the parametric simulation model of the machine tool.

[0070] The first variable range of each structural variable parameter can be determined based on experience.

[0071] The parametric simulation analysis can be implemented through an analysis module in finite element software. The specific analysis steps are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0072] Research has found that machine tools are subject to dynamic loads during actual machining, and their dynamic stiffness is directly affected by the layout and motion state of the bed load-bearing components. Therefore, in order to further improve the dynamic vibration resistance of the entire machine, it is also necessary to rationally arrange the bed load-bearing components.

[0073] Based on this, the machine tool parametric simulation model has motion variable parameters, the structural variable parameters also include layout variable parameters, and the first value of the structural variable parameters includes the first value of the layout variable parameters. The machine tool structure optimization method of the embodiment of the present application further includes:

[0074] Determining a variable range of a motion variable parameter, determining a second variable range of the layout variable parameter based on the first value of the layout variable parameter, and satisfying preset constraints between the various layout variable parameters, performing a parametric simulation analysis on the layout variable parameters and the motion variable parameters using a machine tool parametric simulation model with a preset stiffness index as an optimization target, and outputting a second value of the layout variable parameter when the preset stiffness index is optimal;

[0075] Based on the first value of the layout variable parameter and the second value of the layout variable parameter, the third variable range of the layout variable parameter is determined, and the preset restriction conditions are satisfied between each layout variable parameter. With the preset stiffness index as the optimization target, the layout variable parameter and the motion variable parameter are subjected to parametric simulation analysis using the machine tool parametric simulation model, and the third value of the layout variable parameter is output when the preset stiffness index is optimal. The third value of the layout variable parameter is the final optimized value.

[0076] As set above, the machine tool structure optimization method of the embodiment of the present application further optimizes the layout of the bed load-bearing components on the basis of the original bed structure optimization. Specifically: First, the present application innovatively introduces layout variable parameters and motion variable parameters into the machine tool parametric simulation model, and adjusts the overall mass distribution and stiffness transfer path of the machine tool by adjusting the layout variable parameters (such as the assembly position of the load-bearing components) and the motion variable parameters (such as the spatial position of the moving components), thereby improving the vibration resistance of the entire machine; secondly, the present application adopts a progressive optimization strategy to determine the final optimized value of the layout variable parameters, specifically: the first step is to determine the second variable range of the layout variable parameters based on the initial optimization result (the first value of the layout variable parameters), and under the premise of meeting the preset restriction conditions, with the preset stiffness index as the optimization target, screen out the second value of the layout variable parameters through parametric simulation analysis under dynamic load, thereby improving the dynamic stiffness of the machine tool; in the second stage, a refined optimization is performed through the quadratic constraint variable range (third variable range), and finally a third value of the layout variable parameters that takes into account both static stiffness and dynamic stiffness is obtained, and the third value of the layout variable parameters is the final optimized value.

[0077] It can be seen that the machine tool structure optimization method of the embodiment of the present application first determines the bed size under static load, significantly reduces the bed weight while ensuring static stiffness, and improves the static stiffness of the bed; on this basis, layout variables and motion variables are introduced to more comprehensively consider the machine tool structure under dynamic load, optimize the dynamic performance of the machine tool, achieve a balance between static stiffness and dynamic stiffness, and ensure the stability of the machine tool in ultra-precision machining.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present application, the preset weight index includes the weight of the machine tool bed.

[0079] Taking the machine tool bed weight as one of the optimization targets can significantly reduce the bed weight while ensuring static stiffness, reduce table deformation, reduce material consumption and processing costs, and improve the dynamic vibration resistance of the entire machine through lightweight design.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, the preset stiffness index includes at least one of the maximum deformation of the machine tool bed in the Y direction, the stress value of the bed, the strain value of the bed, and the first-order natural frequency of the bed, where the Y direction is the direction of gravity.

[0081] As set above, the maximum Y-direction deformation, stress, and strain of the machine tool bed can all characterize its deformation. Using this as one of the optimization targets can reduce bed deformation and improve vibration resistance. The bed's first-order natural frequency is related to the machine tool's dynamic performance. By using this as one of the optimization targets, the frequency threshold can be constrained to avoid excitation frequencies of the machine tool's moving parts, thereby reducing the risk of resonance.

[0082] The preset stiffness index is the maximum deformation of the machine bed in the Y direction. When the maximum deformation of the machine bed in the Y direction is the smallest, the preset stiffness index is optimal.

[0083] Alternatively, the preset stiffness index is the stress value of the bed, and when the stress value of the bed is minimum, the preset stiffness index is optimal;

[0084] Alternatively, the preset stiffness index is the strain value of the bed, and when the strain value of the bed is minimum, the preset stiffness index is optimal;

[0085] Alternatively, the preset stiffness index is the first-order natural frequency of the bed, and when the first-order natural frequency of the bed is the highest, the preset stiffness index is optimal.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present application, the preset stiffness index includes at least one of the maximum deformation of the machine tool bed in the Y direction, the stress value of the bed, and the strain value of the bed. The optimal optimization result includes:

[0087] The preset weight index is the minimum and the preset stiffness index is the best;

[0088] Alternatively, the weighted sum of the preset weight index and the preset stiffness index is minimized.

[0089] The above setting can achieve an optimized balance between weight and structural stiffness, significantly reduce the weight of the bed while ensuring static stiffness, reduce table deformation, reduce material consumption and processing costs, and improve the dynamic vibration resistance of the entire machine.

[0090] In some other embodiments of the present application, the preset stiffness index includes the first-order natural frequency of the bed, and the optimal optimization results include:

[0091] The preset weight index is minimum and the preset stiffness index is maximum.

[0092] The above setting can achieve an optimized balance between weight and structural stiffness, reduce the weight of the bed and the entire machine, and avoid the excitation frequency of the machine tool's moving parts, thereby reducing the risk of resonance and improving the dynamic vibration resistance of the entire machine.

[0093] Furthermore, the aforementioned determining the second variable range of the layout variable parameter based on the first value of the layout variable parameter includes:

[0094] Taking the first value of the layout variable parameter as the center point, the second variable range of the layout variable parameter is determined based on experience.

[0095] As set above, when further optimizing the layout of the bed load-bearing components, the variable range is set around the initial optimization result (the first value of the layout variable parameter). On the premise of ensuring that the static stiffness is not reduced due to subsequent optimization, small-scale fine adjustments are made to the layout parameters and motion parameters to improve the dynamic stiffness of the machine tool, reduce the amount of calculation, and improve the optimization efficiency.

[0096] Furthermore, the aforementioned determining of the third variable range of the layout variable parameter based on the first value of the layout variable parameter and the second value of the layout variable parameter includes:

[0097] The third variable range of the layout variable parameter is determined by taking the larger value of the first numerical value of the layout variable parameter and the second numerical value of the layout variable parameter as the upper limit value of the third variable range, and taking the smaller value of the first numerical value of the layout variable parameter and the second numerical value of the layout variable parameter as the lower limit value of the third variable range.

[0098] As set above, the larger value of the first value of the layout variable parameter and the second value of the layout variable parameter is used as the upper limit value of the third variable range, and the smaller value of the first value of the layout variable parameter and the second value of the layout variable parameter is used as the lower limit value of the third variable range. Refined optimization is performed within this range, so that the optimized values ​​of the layout variable parameters obtained can take into account both the static stiffness and dynamic stiffness of the machine tool, thereby improving the dynamic performance of the machine tool.

[0099] Please refer to Figure 2-Figure 5 , Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the three-dimensional model of the machine tool established in the machine tool structure optimization method; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A top view of Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bed; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Top view of .

[0100] The parametric simulation model of the machine tool established in the embodiment of the present application includes a bed 1, a first guide rail component 2, a second guide rail component 3, a spindle component 4, a tool holder component 5, and four support components 6, wherein:

[0101] The bed 1 includes an upper bed portion 11 and a lower bed portion 12. The upper bed portion 11 is connected to the upper end of the lower bed portion 12 along the Y direction. The size of the upper bed portion 11 along the X direction is larger than the size of the lower bed portion 12 along the X direction. A step portion is formed between the upper bed portion 11 and the lower bed portion 12.

[0102] The first guide rail component 2 and the second guide rail component 3 each include a guide portion A and a sliding portion B. The guide portion A of the first guide rail component 2 is connected to the upper surface of the upper bed portion 11 and extends along the X direction. The sliding portion B of the first guide rail component 2 is slidably connected to the spindle component 4. The guide portion A of the second guide rail component 3 is connected to the upper surface of the upper bed portion 11 and extends along the Z direction. The sliding portion B of the second guide rail component 3 is slidably connected to the tool holder component 5.

[0103] Two of the support assemblies 6 are located on one side of the lower bed portion 12 in the X direction and are distributed along the Z direction. The other two support assemblies 6 are located on the other side of the lower bed portion 12 in the X direction and are distributed along the Z direction. The upper end of the support assembly 6 in the Y direction is connected to the bed 1, and the X direction, Y direction and Z direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0104] The distance between the outer edge of the support assembly 6 along the Z direction and the corresponding outer edge of the upper bed body 11 along the Z direction is defined as P1, the distance between the outer edge of the first guide rail component 2 along the Z direction and the corresponding outer edge of the upper bed body 11 along the Z direction is defined as P2, the distance between the edges of the first guide rail component 2 and the second guide rail component 3 along the Z direction that are close to each other is defined as P3, the distance between the outer edge of the second guide rail component 3 along the Z direction and the corresponding outer edge of the upper bed body 11 along the Z direction is defined as P4, and the distance between the outer edge of the upper bed body 11 along the X direction is defined as P5. The dimension of the lower bed portion 12 in the X direction is P5, the dimension of the upper bed portion 11 in the Y direction is P6, the dimension of the upper bed portion 11 in the Y direction is P7, the dimension of the lower bed portion 12 in the Y direction is P8, the dimension of the upper bed portion 11 and the lower bed portion 12 in the Z direction is P9, the distances between the edges of the sliding portion B and the guide portion A of the first guide rail component 2 approaching each other in the X direction are P10 and P13 respectively, and the distances between the edges of the sliding portion B and the guide portion A of the second guide rail component 3 approaching each other in the Z direction are P11 and P12 respectively;

[0105] The layout variable parameters include P1, P2, P3, and P4; the bed size variable parameters include P5, P6, P7, P8, and P9; and the motion variable parameters include P10, P11, P12, and P13.

[0106] It can be seen from the above description that the structure of the bed 1 can be clarified by performing parametric simulation analysis on the bed size variable parameters, and the precise positions of the first guide rail component 2, the second guide rail component 3, and the support assembly 6 when installed on the bed 1 can be determined by performing parametric simulation analysis on the layout variable parameters and the motion variable parameters, thereby reducing the weight of the bed 1 and the entire machine, achieving a reasonable layout of the load-bearing components, reducing the deformation of the bed 1, and improving the vibration resistance of the entire machine.

[0107] It should be noted that, in this definition, the edges of the two support assemblies 6 located on the same side of the lower bed portion 12 in the X direction that are close to each other in the Z direction are defined as inner edges, and the edges that are separated from each other in the Z direction are defined as outer edges. Similarly, the edges of the first guide rail component 2 and the second guide rail component 3 that are close to each other in the Z direction are defined as inner edges, and the edges that are separated from each other in the Z direction are defined as outer edges.

[0108] Depend on Figure 2 As can be seen, four bed support components 7 are connected to the stepped portion of the bed 1. The support assembly 6 and the bed support components 7 are connected to each other to provide support for the bed 1. When establishing a parametric simulation model of the machine tool, fixed constraints are set at the connection between the support assembly 6 and the bed support components 7. The support assembly 6 includes a vibration isolation component, an adjustment seat component, and a bracket component connected sequentially from top to bottom along the Y direction. The support assembly 6 also provides vibration isolation and height adjustment. The connection surface between the vibration isolation component and the bed support component 7 is defined as the vibration isolation surface.

[0109] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The dimension of the guide portion A in the first guide rail component 2 along the X direction and the dimension of the guide portion A in the second guide rail component 3 along the Z direction is L1, the dimension of the guide portion A in the first guide rail component 2 along the Z direction and the dimension of the guide portion A in the second guide rail component 3 along the X direction is W1, the dimension of the support assembly 6 along the Z direction is L2, the dimension of the support assembly 6 along the X direction is W2, the dimension of the sliding portion B in the first guide rail component 2 along the X direction and the dimension of the sliding portion B in the second guide rail component 3 along the Z direction is L3, and the dimension of the rotation center of the spindle component 4 and the upper surface of the upper bed portion 11 along the Y direction is H; the aforementioned preset restriction conditions include:

[0110] (H+P7) / (P9-2×P1-L2)≤1:2

[0111] (H+P7) / (P5+W2)≤1:2

[0112] P2+P4+W1+P3+L1≤P9

[0113] L1≤P5.

[0114] Among them, (H+P7) / (P9-2×P1-L2)≤1:2 indicates that the ratio of the distance from the rotation center of the spindle assembly 4 to the vibration isolation surface along the Y direction to the center distance between the two support assemblies 6 located on the same side of the lower bed section 12 in the X direction is no greater than 1:2. (H+P7) / (P5+W2)≤1:2 indicates that the ratio of the distance from the rotation center of the spindle assembly 4 to the vibration isolation surface along the Y direction to the center distance between the two support assemblies 6 located on the same side of the lower bed section 12 in the Z direction is no greater than 1:2.

[0115] In this way, the above two conditions limit the spindle height and the support spacing (X direction and Z direction) of the support assembly 6, which is conducive to maintaining a reasonable ratio between the spindle height and the support spacing, reducing the overall center of mass height of the machine tool, improving the support stability of the machine tool, optimizing the load transfer path, improving the static and dynamic stiffness, reducing deformation during the processing process, reducing resonance, and enhancing the vibration resistance of the machine tool.

[0116] Among them, P2+P4+W1+P3+L1≤P9, ensuring that the bed 1 has sufficient space in the Z direction to arrange the first guide rail component 2 and the second guide rail component 3, so as to avoid the problem that the first guide rail component 2 and the second guide rail component 3 are suspended in the air.

[0117] Among them, L1≤P5, ensuring that the bed 1 has sufficient space in the X direction to arrange the first guide rail component 2, so as to avoid the problem of the first guide rail component 2 being suspended in the air.

[0118] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, the preset restriction conditions also include:

[0119] P9-2×P1-2×L2≥500mm.

[0120] In other words, it is also necessary to ensure that the distance between the mutually adjacent edges of the two support assemblies 6 on the same side of the lower bed portion 12 in the X direction is not less than 500 mm to ensure the operating space for the operator.

[0121] In the embodiment of the present application, the variable range of the motion variable parameter is: 0~(L1-L3).

[0122] Taking the second guide rail component 3 as an example, when sliding portion B is at the far left, P11 = 0 and P12 = L1-L3; when sliding portion B is at the far right, P11 = L1-L3 and P12 = 0. Therefore, the range of the motion variable parameter is: 0 ~ (L1-L3).

[0123] For further information, please refer to Figure 3-Figure 5 In some embodiments of the present application, when performing parametric simulation analysis on structural variable parameters using a machine tool parametric simulation model with preset weight indicators and preset stiffness indicators as optimization targets, the first guide rail component 2, the second guide rail component 3, the spindle component 4 and the tool holder component 5 in the machine tool parametric simulation model are suppressed, and the weight of the first guide rail component 2 and the spindle component 4 are loaded into the area S1 of the upper bed part 11 for installing the first guide rail component 2, and the weight of the second guide rail component 3 and the tool holder component 5 are loaded into the area S2 of the upper bed part 11 for installing the second guide rail component 3.

[0124] Since there is no need to consider the movement of the first guide rail component 2, the second guide rail component 3, the spindle component 4 and the tool holder component 5 when performing parametric simulation analysis on the structural variable parameters, the first guide rail component 2, the second guide rail component 3, the spindle component 4 and the tool holder component 5 in the parametric simulation model of the machine tool can be suppressed, which is beneficial to reducing the complexity of the model, thereby improving the simulation speed and efficiency, and avoiding the problem of complex models causing long simulation time or insufficient computing resources as much as possible. The first guide rail component 2, the second guide rail component 3, the spindle component 4 and the tool holder component 5 can be restored at any time after being suppressed; the weight of the first guide rail component 2 and the spindle component 4 are loaded into the area S1 of the upper bed part 11 for installing the first guide rail component 2, and the weight of the second guide rail component 3 and the tool holder component 5 are loaded into the area S2 of the upper bed part 11 for installing the second guide rail component 3. This can more accurately simulate the load distribution under the actual working conditions of the machine tool, help to more accurately analyze the deformation of the bed 1, and thus optimize the design of the bed 1.

[0125] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, when performing parametric simulation analysis on layout variable parameters and motion variable parameters using a machine tool parametric simulation model with a preset stiffness index as the optimization target, the spindle component 4 and the tool holder component 5 in the machine tool parametric simulation model are suppressed, and the weight of the spindle component 4 is loaded in the area of ​​the sliding portion B of the first guide rail component 2 for installing the spindle component 4, and the weight of the tool holder component 5 is loaded in the area of ​​the sliding portion B of the second guide rail component 3 for installing the tool holder component 5.

[0126] Since the parametric simulation analysis of the layout variable parameters and the motion variable parameters needs to consider the motion of the first guide rail component 2 and the second guide rail component 3, the first guide rail component 2 and the second guide rail component 3 need to be in an activated state. The main shaft component 4 and the sliding portion B of the first guide rail component 2 are relatively fixed, and the tool holder component 5 and the sliding portion B of the second guide rail component 3 are relatively fixed. Therefore, the main shaft component 4 and the tool holder component 5 can be suppressed, which helps reduce the complexity of the model, thereby improving the simulation speed and efficiency, and minimizing the problem of complex models causing excessive simulation time or insufficient computing resources. The main shaft component 4 and the tool holder component 5 can be restored at any time after being suppressed. The weight of the main shaft component 4 is loaded in the area of ​​the sliding portion B of the first guide rail component 2 for mounting the main shaft component 4, and the weight of the tool holder component 5 is loaded in the area of ​​the sliding portion B of the second guide rail component 3 for mounting the tool holder component 5. This can more accurately simulate the load distribution under the actual working conditions of the machine tool, facilitate more precise analysis of the deformation of the bed 1, and thus optimize the design of the bed 1.

[0127] In addition, as mentioned above, the machine tool parametric simulation model is established based on the machine tool parametric geometric model. The machine tool structure optimization method of the embodiment of the present application further includes:

[0128] The machine tool parameterized geometric model is modified according to the first value of the bed size variable parameter and the third value of the layout variable parameter.

[0129] In this way, the corrected parametric geometric model of the machine tool can be used in actual processing production to improve the vibration resistance of the entire machine.

[0130] The present application also provides a machine tool structure optimization device, comprising:

[0131] processor;

[0132] a memory for storing executable instructions for the processor;

[0133] The processor is configured to execute the aforementioned machine tool structure optimization method by executing executable instructions.

[0134] The machine tool structure optimization device of the embodiment of the present application is used to execute the aforementioned machine tool structure optimization method, and therefore has the same technical effect as the aforementioned machine tool structure optimization method, which will not be repeated here.

[0135] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the machine tool structure optimization method as described above is implemented.

[0136] The computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the present application is used to implement the machine tool structure optimization method as described above, and therefore has the same technical effect as the aforementioned machine tool structure optimization method, which will not be repeated here.

[0137] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing a machine tool structure, characterized in that: include: Establishing a parametric simulation model of a machine tool, wherein the parametric simulation model of the machine tool has structural variable parameters, and the structural variable parameters include bed size variable parameters; Determine the first variable range of each of the structural variable parameters, and ensure that each of the structural variable parameters satisfies preset restriction conditions. Take the preset weight index and the preset stiffness index as optimization targets, use the machine tool parametric simulation model to perform parametric simulation analysis on the structural variable parameters, and output the first value of the structural variable parameter when the optimization result is optimal. The first value of the bed size variable parameter is the final optimized value.

2. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine tool parametric simulation model has motion variable parameters, the structural variable parameters further include layout variable parameters, the first values ​​of the structural variable parameters include the first values ​​of the layout variable parameters, and the machine tool structure optimization method further includes: Determining a variable range of the motion variable parameter, determining a second variable range of the layout variable parameter based on the first value of the layout variable parameter, and satisfying the preset restriction condition between each of the layout variable parameters, performing a parametric simulation analysis on the layout variable parameters and the motion variable parameters using the machine tool parametric simulation model with the preset stiffness index as an optimization target, and outputting a second value of the layout variable parameter when the preset stiffness index is optimal; Based on the first value of the layout variable parameter and the second value of the layout variable parameter, a third variable range of the layout variable parameter is determined, and the preset restriction conditions are satisfied between each of the layout variable parameters. Taking the preset stiffness index as the optimization target, the machine tool parametric simulation model is used to perform parametric simulation analysis on the layout variable parameters and the motion variable parameters, and the third value of the layout variable parameter is output when the preset stiffness index is optimal. The third value of the layout variable parameter is the final optimized value.

3. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The preset weight index includes the weight of the machine tool bed.

4. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preset stiffness index includes at least one of the maximum deformation of the machine tool bed in the Y direction, the stress value of the bed, the strain value of the bed, and the first-order natural frequency of the bed, and the Y direction is the direction of gravity.

5. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preset stiffness index is the maximum deformation of the machine tool bed in the Y direction. When the maximum deformation of the machine tool bed in the Y direction is the smallest, the preset stiffness index is optimal. Alternatively, the preset stiffness index is a stress value of the bed, and when the stress value of the bed is minimum, the preset stiffness index is optimal; Alternatively, the preset stiffness index is the strain value of the bed, and when the strain value of the bed is minimum, the preset stiffness index is optimal; Alternatively, the preset stiffness index is the first-order natural frequency of the bed, and when the first-order natural frequency of the bed is the highest, the preset stiffness index is optimal.

6. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preset stiffness index includes at least one of the maximum deformation of the machine tool bed in the Y direction, the stress value of the bed, and the strain value of the bed. The optimal optimization result includes: The preset weight index is minimum and the preset stiffness index is minimum; Alternatively, a weighted sum of the preset weight index and the preset stiffness index is minimum.

7. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preset stiffness index includes the first-order natural frequency of the bed, and the optimal optimization result includes: The preset weight index is the minimum and the preset stiffness index is the maximum.

8. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determining the second variable range of the layout variable parameter based on the first value of the layout variable parameter includes: Taking the first value of the layout variable parameter as a center point, a second variable range of the layout variable parameter is determined based on experience.

9. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determining of the third variable range of the layout variable parameter based on the first value of the layout variable parameter and the second value of the layout variable parameter includes: The third variable range of the layout variable parameter is determined by taking the larger value of the first numerical value of the layout variable parameter and the second numerical value of the layout variable parameter as the upper limit value of the third variable range, and taking the smaller value of the first numerical value of the layout variable parameter and the second numerical value of the layout variable parameter as the lower limit value of the third variable range.

10. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The parametric simulation model of the machine tool includes a bed, and a first guide rail component, a second guide rail component and four support assemblies installed on the bed, wherein the bed includes an upper bed portion and a lower bed portion; The distance between the outer edge of the support component along the Z direction and the corresponding outer edge of the upper bed body along the Z direction is P1, the distance between the outer edge of the first guide rail component along the Z direction and the corresponding outer edge of the upper bed body along the Z direction is P2, the distance between the edges of the first guide rail component and the second guide rail component close to each other along the Z direction is P3, and the distance between the outer edge of the second guide rail component along the Z direction and the corresponding outer edge of the upper bed body along the Z direction is P4. The layout variable parameters include P1, P2, P3, and P4, and the Z direction is a direction perpendicular to the Y direction.

11. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The size of the upper bed part along the X direction is P5, the size of the lower bed part along the X direction is P6, the size of the upper bed part along the Y direction is P7, the size of the lower bed part along the Y direction is P8, and the sizes of the upper and lower bed parts along the Z direction are P9. The bed size variable parameters include P5, P6, P7, P8, and P9. The X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other.

12. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first guide rail component and the second guide rail component both include a guide portion and a sliding portion slidably mounted on the guide portion. The distances between the edges of the sliding portion and the guide portion of the first guide rail component that are close to each other along the X direction are P10 and P13, respectively. The distances between the edges of the sliding portion and the guide portion that are close to each other along the Z direction are P11 and P12, respectively. The motion variable parameters include P10, P11, P12, and P13.

13. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The dimension of the guide portion of the first guide rail component along the X direction and the dimension of the guide portion of the second guide rail component along the Z direction is L1, the dimension of the guide portion of the first guide rail component along the Z direction and the dimension of the guide portion of the second guide rail component along the X direction is W1, the dimension of the support assembly along the Z direction is L2, the dimension of the support assembly along the X direction is W2, the dimension of the sliding portion of the first guide rail component along the X direction and the dimension of the sliding portion of the second guide rail component along the Z direction is L3, and the dimension of the center of the spindle component and the upper surface of the upper bed portion along the Y direction is H; The preset restriction conditions include: (H+P7) / (P9-2×P1-L2)≤1:2 (H+P7) / (P5+W2)≤1:2 P2+P4+W1+P3+L1≤P9 L1≤P5.

14. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 13, characterized in that: The preset restriction conditions also include: P9-2×P1-2×L2≥500mm.

15. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 13, characterized in that: The variable range of the motion variable parameter is: 0~(L1-L3).

16. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The machine tool parameterized simulation model further includes a spindle component and a tool holder component, wherein the sliding portion of the first guide rail component is slidably connected to the spindle component, and the sliding portion of the second guide rail component is slidably connected to the tool holder component; In the parametric simulation analysis of the structural variable parameters using the machine tool parametric simulation model with the preset weight index and the preset stiffness index as optimization targets, the first guide rail component, the second guide rail component, the spindle component and the tool holder component in the machine tool parametric simulation model are suppressed, and the weight of the first guide rail component and the spindle component are loaded into the area S1 of the upper bed part for installing the first guide rail component, and the weight of the second guide rail component and the tool holder component are loaded into the area S2 of the upper bed part for installing the second guide rail component.

17. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The machine tool parameterized simulation model further includes a spindle component and a tool holder component, wherein the sliding portion of the first guide rail component is slidably connected to the spindle component, and the sliding portion of the second guide rail component is slidably connected to the tool holder component; In the parametric simulation analysis of the layout variable parameters and the motion variable parameters using the machine tool parametric simulation model with the preset stiffness index as the optimization target, the spindle component and the tool holder component in the machine tool parametric simulation model are suppressed, and the weight of the spindle component is loaded into the area of ​​the sliding portion of the first guide rail component for installing the spindle component, and the weight of the tool holder component is loaded into the area of ​​the sliding portion of the second guide rail component for installing the tool holder component.

18. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The machine tool parametric simulation model is established based on the machine tool parametric geometric model. The machine tool structure optimization method further includes: The machine tool parameterized geometric model is modified according to the first value of the bed size variable parameter and the third value of the layout variable parameter.

19. A machine tool structure optimization device, characterized in that: include: processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; The processor is configured to execute the machine tool structure optimization method according to any one of claims 1 to 18 by executing the executable instructions.

20. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the machine tool structure optimization method according to any one of claims 1 to 18 is implemented.

Images