Positive active material composition rich in lithium and manganese

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a positive active material composition rich in lithium and manganese. A positive electrode active material may include a compound represented by the formula Li (1.1 + a) Mn (0.51 + c) Ni (0.38-x) Mx-yNyO (2-b) Fb, where M is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof, N is W + 6, Ta + 5, V + 5, or a combination thereof, 0 < = a < = 0.02, 0 < = b < = 0.1, 0 < = c < = 0.1, 0 < = x < = 0.1, and 0 < = y < = 0.04. A positive electrode may include the positive electrode active material. A battery may include the positive electrode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] In at least one aspect, a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery is provided. Background Art

[0002] Compared with currently used nickel cobalt manganese (NCM) materials and nickel cobalt aluminum (NCA) materials, a lithium and manganese rich (LMR) positive electrode active material is considered a promising next generation cathode material due to its high weight energy density. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In at least one aspect, a positive electrode active material is provided. The positive electrode active material includes a compound represented by the formula Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x-y N y O (2-b) F b (1), where M is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof, N is W +6 , Ta +5 , V +5 or a combination thereof, 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.02, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.1, 0 < c < 0.01, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1, and 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.04.

[0004] In another aspect, a positive electrode for a lithium ion battery is provided. The positive electrode includes the positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material includes a compound represented by the formula Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x-y N y O (2-b) F b where M is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof, N is W +6 , Ta +5 , V +5 or a combination thereof, 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.02, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.1, 0 < c < 0.01, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1, and 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.04.

[0005] In another aspect, a rechargeable lithium ion battery including at least one lithium ion battery cell is provided. Each lithium ion battery cell includes a positive electrode including a compound represented by the formula Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x)Mx-y N y O (2-b) F b where M is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof, N is W +6、Ta +5 、V +5 or their combination, 0≤a≤0.02, 0≤b≤0.1, 0 <c<0.01,0≤x≤0.1,0≤y≤0.04。 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] For a further understanding of the nature, objects and advantages of the present disclosure, reference should be made to the following detailed description, read in conjunction with the following drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like elements, and wherein:

[0007] Figure 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a positive electrode including cathode active material on a single side of a current collector;

[0008] Figure 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a positive electrode including cathode active material on both sides of a current collector;

[0009] Figure 2 is included Figure 1A a schematic cross-sectional view of a battery cell having a positive electrode; and

[0010] Figure 3 is included Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view of a battery pack of battery cells. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] Reference will now be made in detail to the presently preferred compositions, embodiments, and methods of the present invention, which constitute the best modes of practicing the present invention presently known to the inventors. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. However, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the present invention that may be embodied in various forms and alternatives. Therefore, the specific details disclosed herein are not to be construed as limiting, but merely as a representative basis for any aspect of the present invention and / or as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to employ the present invention in various ways.

[0012] Unless otherwise expressly indicated in the examples or otherwise, all numerical quantities in this specification indicating amounts of materials or conditions of reaction and / or use should be understood as modified by the word "about" to describe the broadest scope of the invention. Practice within the stated numerical limits is generally preferred. Furthermore, unless expressly stated to the contrary: when a given chemical structure includes a substituent on a chemical moiety (e.g., on an aryl group, an alkyl group, etc.), the substituent is attributed to the more general chemical structure that comprises the given structure; otherwise, percentages, "parts," and ratio values ​​are by weight; the term "polymer" includes "oligomers," "copolymers," "terpolymers," and the like; molecular weights provided for any polymer refer to weight average molecular weight unless otherwise indicated; a description of a group or class of materials as suitable or preferred for a given purpose in connection with the present invention implies that mixtures of any two or more members of that group or class are equally suitable or preferred; descriptions of ingredients in chemical terms refer to the ingredients at the time of addition to any combination specified in the specification and do not necessarily preclude chemical interactions between the ingredients of the mixture once mixed; the first definition of an acronym or other abbreviation applies to all subsequent uses of the same abbreviation herein and to normal grammatical variations of the initially defined abbreviation, mutatis mutandis; and, unless expressly stated to the contrary, measurements of properties are determined by the same techniques as previously or subsequently referred to for the same property.

[0013] It should be noted that, as used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, reference to a component in the singular is intended to include a plurality of components.

[0014] As used herein, the term "about" means that the amount or value in question can be the specified specific value or some other value in its neighborhood. Typically, the term "about" indicating a value is intended to indicate a range within + / - 5% of the value. As an example, the phrase "about 100" indicates a range of 100 + / - 5, i.e., a range of 95 to 105. Typically, when the term "about" is used, similar results or effects according to the present invention can be expected to be obtained within a range of + / - 5% of the indicated value. As used herein, the term "and / or" means that all or only one of the elements of the group may be present. For example, "A and / or B" should mean "only A or only B, or both A and B." In the case of "only A," the term also covers the possibility that B is not present, i.e., "only A, but no B."

[0015] It should also be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and methods described below, as specific components and / or conditions may vary. In addition, the terminology used herein is only used to describe the purpose of specific embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0016] The term "comprising" is synonymous with "including," "having," "containing," or "characterized by." These terms are inclusive and open-ended and do not exclude additional unrecited elements or method steps. The phrase "consisting of" excludes any element, step, or ingredient not specified in the claim. When this phrase appears in a clause in the body of a claim, rather than immediately following the preamble, it limits only the elements recited in that clause; the claim as a whole does not exclude other elements. The phrase "consisting essentially of" limits the scope of the claim to the specified materials or steps, plus those that do not materially affect one or more of the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed subject matter. The phrase "composed of" means "including" or "consisting of." Generally, this phrase is used to indicate that an object is formed of a material. With respect to the terms "comprising," "consisting of," and "consisting essentially of," where any of these three terms are used herein, the presently disclosed and claimed subject matter may include use of either of the other two terms. The term "one or more" means "at least one," and the term "at least one" means "one or more." The terms "one or more" and "at least one" include "a plurality" and "a variety" as subsets. In a refinement, "one or more" includes "two or more". The terms "substantially", "generally" or "about" may be used herein to describe embodiments disclosed or claimed. The term "substantially" may modify a value or relative property disclosed or claimed in this disclosure. In such instances, "substantially" may mean that the value or relative property it modifies is within ±0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% or 10% of the value or relative property.

[0017] It should also be understood that integer ranges clearly include all intermediate integers. For example, the integer range 1 to 10 clearly includes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. Similarly, the range 1 to 100 includes 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., 97, 98, 99, 100. Similarly, when any range is needed, the intermediate values ​​that are the difference between the upper and lower limits divided by the increment of 10 can be considered as alternative upper or lower limits. For example, if the range is 1.1 to 2.1, the following values ​​1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, and 2.0 can be selected as lower or upper limits.

[0018] When referring to a numerical quantity, in a refinement, the term "less than" includes a non-inclusive lower limit that is 5% of the number indicated after "less than." For example, "less than 20" includes a non-inclusive lower limit of 1. Thus, this refinement of "less than 20" includes a range between 1 and 20. In another refinement, the term "less than" includes non-inclusive lower limits that are, in ascending order of priority, 20%, 10%, 5%, or 1% of the number indicated after "less than."

[0019] The term "positive electrode" means the cell electrode from which current flows when a lithium-ion cell or battery is discharged. Sometimes, the "positive electrode" is referred to as the "cathode." The term "negative electrode" means the cell electrode into which current flows when a lithium-ion cell is discharged. Sometimes, the "negative electrode" is referred to as the "anode." The term "cell" or "battery cell" means an electrochemical cell made up of at least one positive electrode, at least one negative electrode, an electrolyte, and a separator. The term "battery" or "battery pack" means an electrical storage device made up of at least one cell. In a refinement, a "battery" or "battery pack" is an electrical storage device made up of a plurality of cells. The term "specific capacity" means the capacity per unit mass of the anode active material. The unit of specific capacity is milliampere-hours per gram (mAh / g).

[0020] Current LMR material compositions have inherent issues such as voltage fade during cycling, rate capability, cycling performance, and volumetric energy density. Therefore, there is a need for optimized LMR material compositions for positive electrode active materials for lithium-ion batteries with improved rate capability, cell performance, and volumetric energy density.

[0021] The present disclosure provides compositions for lithium-rich manganese (LMR) cathodes for lithium-ion batteries. Performance issues inherent in conventional LMR compositions can include voltage decay during cycling, reduced rate capability over continuous cycling, and poor cycling performance. These issues can be alleviated by optimizing the LMR composition.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the LMR composition is optimized to have a lower Li content (Li2MnO3) than conventional compositions. This modification improves cycling performance, power performance, and rate capability by enhancing the voltage decay and electronic and ionic conductivity of the LMR. However, it is recognized that the lower Li content generally results in a lower capacity than conventional LMR.

[0023] To address this potential capacity reduction, LMR compositions were further modified to incorporate increased nickel (Ni) and optimized cobalt (Co) or chromium (Cr) content, with cobalt being the primary focus. This modified composition series increases the capacity of Ni and Co by controlling the average oxidation state of Ni ions. The optimized Co content also aids in enhancing electronic and ionic conductivity.

[0024] In one embodiment, the general formula of the new LMR composition is given as: Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x- y N y O (2-b) F b , where M can be Co, Cr or a combination thereof, and N is W +6 、Ta +5 、V +5 or a combination thereof. The average oxidation state of the Ni ions is controlled to be 2.0. The average oxidation state of the Mn ions is controlled between 3.7 and 4.0 by controlling the F (fluorine) doping content, where "b" is again a value between 0 and 0.1.

[0025] In the LMR composition, Li doped 1.1 Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x-y N y O (2-b) F b F represents an optimized lithium content that promotes cycling, mitigates voltage fade, and improves power performance. The configuration also allows for the optimization of the lithium content by manipulating the Ni 3+ and Co 3+ ions to achieve a closer practical maximum capacity.

[0026] The optimized Co in this formula 3+ The content is also used to enhance electronic conductivity and power capacity. In this composition, Co 3+ The content is further limited to between 0 and 0.06, a constraint that helps balance performance metrics such as capacity and power with yield. 3+ The amount of incorporation is used to promote the realization of a larger slope area. This is achieved by F - The F-doping effectively reduces the oxidation state of Mn, resulting in an increase in Mn 3+ Ions exist.

[0027] Higher initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) leading to increased discharge capacity is another significant advantage. This increased ICE is associated with better structural stability after the initial charge, which can be attributed to the strong metal-fluoride (Me-F) bonding in the composition. Additionally, the increased Mn 3+ The content further enhances the electronic conductivity. 3+ The content and ICE, the adaptation showed enhancement compared to previously known compositions.

[0028] In another embodiment, the general formula of the novel LMR composition is: Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x- y N y O (2-b) F b , where M can be Co or Cr or a combination thereof, and N is W +6 、Ta +5 、V +5 or a combination thereof. Here, "x" is a variable value between 0 and 0.1, which defines the ratio of M in the composition. By controlling the fluorine (F) doping content "b" (between 0 and 0.1), the average oxidation state of Ni ions is controlled to 2, while the average oxidation state of manganese (Mn) ions is controlled to be between 3.7 and 4.0.

[0029] LMR composition Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x-y N y O (2-b) F b Combined with F - Doping has several advantages. 1.1 The optimized Li content is used to achieve good cycle, voltage decay and power performance. 3+ and Co 3+ The content of Li 1.1 composition to achieve the maximum practical capacity. In addition, the optimized Co 3+ The content improves the electronic conductivity, leading to better power handling.

[0030] Co 3+ Limiting the content between 0 and 0.1 is beneficial to controlling performance, namely capacity and power. - It can reduce the oxidation state of Mn, so Mn 3+ The higher the incorporation amount of Mn, the larger the slope area that can be obtained. A higher initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) can lead to a higher discharge capacity, which is attributed to the better structural stability after the first charge due to the strong metal fluoride (Me-F) bonding. In addition, higher Mn 3+ Enhanced electronic conductivity. Higher Mn 3+ content and higher ICE lead to an overall improvement in performance.

[0031] Referring to FIG. 1, a schematic diagram of a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material is provided. The positive electrode 10 includes a positive electrode active material layer 12 of the positive electrode active material disposed above and generally in contact with the positive electrode current collector 14. Generally, the positive electrode current collector 14 is a metal plate or metal foil made of a metal such as aluminum, copper, platinum, zinc, titanium, etc. Currently, aluminum is most commonly used for the positive electrode current collector. The positive electrode active material is represented by Formula 1:

[0032] Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x-y O (2-b) F b (1)

[0033] Where:

[0034] M is Co, Cr or a combination thereof;

[0035] N is W +6 、Ta +5 、V +5 or a combination thereof;

[0036] 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.02;

[0037] 0 < b < 0.01;

[0038] O ≤ c ≤ 0.1;

[0039] 0 < x < 0.1; and

[0040] 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.04.

[0041] In one embodiment, a specific active electrode composition may be: Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x-y O (2-b) F b , where M may be Co, Cr or a combination thereof, and N is W +6 、Ta +5 、V +5 or a combination thereof. The average oxidation state of Ni ions is controlled to be 2. By controlling the F doping content, the average oxidation state of manganese (Mn) ions is controlled between 3.7 and 4.0, where "b" is again a value between 0 and 0.1.

[0042] Another general formula for the LMR composition is represented as: Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x-y O (2-b) F b, where M can be Co or Cr or a combination thereof, and N is W +6 、Ta +5 、V +5 or a combination thereof, and N is W +6 、Ta +5 、V +5 or a combination thereof. Here, "x" is a variable value between 0 and 0.1, which defines the ratio of M in the composition. By controlling the fluorine (F) doping content "b" (between 0 and 0.1), the average oxidation state of Ni ions is controlled to 2.0, and the average oxidation state of manganese (Mn) ions is controlled to between 3.7 and 4.0.

[0043] refer to Figure 2 , provides a schematic diagram of a rechargeable lithium-ion battery cell incorporating the positive electrode of Figure 1. Battery cell 20 includes the positive electrode 10 described above, a negative electrode 22, and a separator 24 interposed between the positive and negative electrodes. Negative electrode 22 includes a negative electrode current collector 26 and a negative electrode active material layer 28 disposed above and generally in contact with negative electrode current collector 26. Typically, negative electrode current collector 26 is a metal plate or foil composed of a metal such as aluminum, copper, platinum, zinc, or titanium. Currently, copper is most commonly used for negative electrode current collector 26. Battery cell 20 is immersed in electrolyte 30 enclosed by a cell housing 32. Electrolyte 30 is absorbed into separator 24. In other words, separator 24 contains an electrolyte that allows lithium ions to move between the negative and positive electrodes. Electrolyte 30 includes a non-aqueous organic solvent and a lithium salt. The non-aqueous organic solvent serves as a medium for transporting ions involved in the battery's electrochemical reactions. Advantageously, battery cell 20 can have a specific capacity greater than 150 mAh / g.

[0044] refer to Figure 3 , provides a positive electrode incorporated in FIG1 and Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a rechargeable lithium-ion battery having a battery cell. The rechargeable lithium-ion battery 40 includes Figure 2 Typically, the rechargeable lithium-ion battery 40 includes Figure 2 At least one battery cell 20 of the design i Each lithium-ion battery cell 20 iThe rechargeable lithium-ion battery 40 includes a positive electrode 10 comprising a compound represented by Formula 1; a negative electrode 22 comprising a negative electrode active material; and an electrolyte 30, wherein i is an integer designation for each battery cell. The designation i ranges from 1 to nmax, where nmax is the total number of battery cells in the rechargeable lithium-ion battery 40. The electrolyte 30 includes a non-aqueous organic solvent and a lithium salt. The non-aqueous organic solvent serves as a medium for transporting ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of the battery. Multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, and / or in a combination thereof. A voltage output from the battery 40 is provided across terminals 42 and 44. Advantageously, the rechargeable lithium-ion battery 40 can have a specific capacity greater than 150 mAh / g for each battery cell therein.

[0045] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The separator 24 physically separates the negative electrode 22 from the positive electrode 10, thereby presenting a short circuit while allowing lithium ion transport for charging and discharging. Therefore, the separator 24 can be composed of any material suitable for this purpose. Examples of suitable materials that can constitute the separator 24 include, but are not limited to, polytetrafluoroethylene (e.g., ), fiberglass, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, and combinations thereof. The separator 24 may be in the form of a woven fabric or a nonwoven fabric. The separator 24 may be in the form of a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric. For example, polyolefin-based polymer separators (such as polyethylene and / or polypropylene) are commonly used in lithium-ion batteries. To ensure heat resistance or mechanical strength, a coated separator including a ceramic or polymer material coating may be used.

[0046] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The electrolyte 30 includes a lithium salt dissolved in a non-aqueous organic solvent. Thus, the electrolyte 30 includes lithium ions that can be intercalated into the positive electrode active material during discharge and into the anode active material during charge. Examples of lithium salts include, but are not limited to, LiPF6, LiBF4, LiSbF6, LiAsF6, LiC4F9SO3, LiClO4, LiAlO2, LiAlCl4, LiCl, LiI, LiB(C2O4)2, and combinations thereof. In a refinement, the electrolyte includes the lithium salt in an amount of about 0.1M to about 2.0M.

[0047] Still refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The electrolyte includes a non-aqueous organic solvent and a lithium salt. Advantageously, the non-aqueous organic solvent serves as a medium for transporting ions, particularly lithium ions that participate in the electrochemical reactions of the battery. Suitable non-aqueous organic solvents include carbonate-based solvents, ester-based solvents, ether-based solvents, ketone-based solvents, alcohol-based solvents, aprotic solvents, and combinations thereof. Examples of carbonate-based solvents include, but are not limited to, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methylpropyl carbonate, ethylpropyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, and combinations thereof. Examples of ester-based solvents include, but are not limited to, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, γ-butyrolactone, decanolide, valerolactone, mevalonolactone, caprolactone, and combinations thereof. Examples of ether-based solvents include, but are not limited to, dibutyl ether, tetraglyme, diglyme, dimethoxyethane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, and the like, and ketone-based solvents may include cyclohexanone, and the like. Examples of alcohol-based solvents include, but are not limited to, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, etc. Examples of aprotic solvents include, but are not limited to, nitriles such as R-CN (wherein R is C 2-20 Straight-chain, branched or cyclic hydrocarbons, which may include double bonds, aromatic rings or ether bonds), amides such as dimethylformamide, dioxolanes such as 1,3-dioxolane, sulfolane, etc. Advantageously, non-aqueous organic solvents can be used alone. In other variations, mixtures of non-aqueous organic solvents can be used. Such mixtures are generally formulated to optimize battery performance. In an improved embodiment, a carbonate-based solvent is prepared by mixing cyclic carbonates and linear carbonates. In one variation, the electrolyte 30 may also include a vinylene carbonate-based or ethylene carbonate-based compound to extend the battery cycle life.

[0048] Refer to Figure 1. Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the negative electrode and the positive electrode can be made by methods known to those skilled in the art of lithium-ion batteries. Typically, an active material (e.g., a positive electrode or a negative electrode active material) is mixed with a conductive material and a binder in a solvent (e.g., N-methylpyrrolidone) to form an active material composition, and the active material composition is coated on a current collector. Electrode manufacturing methods are well known and therefore will not be described in detail in this specification. The solvent includes N-methylpyrrolidone and the like, but is not limited thereto.

[0049] Refer to Figure 1. Figure 2 and Figure 3The positive electrode active material layer 12 includes a positive electrode active material represented by Formula 1, a binder, and a conductive material. The binder can increase the bonding properties of the positive electrode active material particles to each other and to the positive electrode current collector 14. Examples of suitable binders include, but are not limited to, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polymers containing ethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylate styrene-butadiene rubber, epoxy resin, nylon, and the like, and combinations thereof. The conductive material provides electronic conductivity to the positive electrode 10. Examples of suitable conductive materials include, but are not limited to, natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, carbon fiber, copper, metal powder, metal fiber, and combinations thereof. Examples of metal powder and metal fiber include nickel, aluminum, silver, and the like.

[0050] Refer to Figure 1. Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the negative electrode active material layer 26 includes a negative electrode active material, a binder, and optionally a conductive material. The negative electrode active materials used herein may be those known to those skilled in the art of lithium-ion batteries. Negative electrode active materials include, but are not limited to, carbon-based negative electrode active materials, silicon-based negative electrode active materials, and combinations thereof. Suitable carbon-based negative electrode active materials may include graphite and graphene. Suitable silicon-based negative electrode active materials may include at least one selected from silicon, silicon oxide, silicon oxide coated with conductive carbon on the surface, and silicon (Si) coated with conductive carbon on the surface. For example, silicon oxide may be represented by the formula SiO z Description, wherein z is 0.09 to 1.1. A mixture of a carbon-based negative electrode active material or a silicon-based negative electrode active material can also be used for the negative electrode active material.

[0051] The negative electrode binder enhances the bonding properties of the negative electrode active material particles to each other and to the current collector. The binder can be a non-aqueous binder, an aqueous binder, or a combination thereof. Examples of non-aqueous binders include polyvinyl chloride, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, ethylene oxide-containing polymers, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide-imide, polyimide, or a combination thereof. The aqueous binder can be a rubber-based binder or a polymer resin binder. Examples of rubber-based binders include, but are not limited to, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylated styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, acrylic rubber, butyl rubber, fluororubber, and combinations thereof. Examples of polymer resin binders include, but are not limited to, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, epichlorohydrin, polyphosphazene, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer, polyvinyl pyridine, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, latex, polyester resin, acrylic resin, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, and combinations thereof.

[0052] Although the exemplary embodiments are described above, these embodiments are not intended to describe all possible forms of the present invention. Rather, the words used in the specification are descriptive words rather than restrictive words, and it should be understood that various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Additionally, the features of various implemented embodiments can be combined to form additional embodiments of the present invention.

[0053] According to the present invention, there is provided a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery, which has a compound represented by General Formula 1: Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x)Mx-y N y O (2-b) F b (1), wherein M is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof; N is W +6 , Ta +5 , V +5 or a combination thereof; 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.02; 0 < c < 0.01; 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1; 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.04; and 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.1.

[0054] According to one embodiment, a = 0 and c = 0.01.

[0055] According to one embodiment, a = 0.1 and c = 0.

[0056] According to one embodiment, the average oxidation state of Mn is controlled between 3.7 and 4.0.

[0057] According to the present invention, there is provided a positive electrode for a lithium ion battery, the positive electrode having a positive electrode active material including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1: Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x-y N y O (2-b) F b (1), wherein: M is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof; N is W +6 , Ta +5 , V +5 or a combination thereof; 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.02; 0 < c < 0.01; 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1; 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.04; and 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.1.

[0058] According to one embodiment, a = 0 and c = 0.01.

[0059] According to one embodiment, a = 0.1 and c = 0.

[0060] According to one embodiment, the average oxidation state of Mn is between 3.7 and 4.0.

[0061] According to the present invention, there is provided a rechargeable lithium-ion battery having at least one lithium-ion battery cell, each lithium-ion battery cell including a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material represented by Formula 1.

[0062] According to the present invention, there is provided a rechargeable lithium-ion battery having at least one lithium-ion battery cell, each lithium-ion battery cell including: a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material represented by Formula 1: Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x-y N y O (2-b) F b (1), where: M is Co, Cr or a combination thereof; N is W +6 , Ta +5 , V +5 or a combination thereof; 0 ≤ a ≤ 0.02; 0 < c < 0.01; 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1; 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.04; 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.1; a negative electrode containing a negative active material; and an electrolyte.

[0063] According to one embodiment, for the positive electrode active material, a = 0 and c = 0.01.

[0064] According to one embodiment, for the positive electrode active material, a = 0.1 and c = 0.

[0065] According to one embodiment, the average oxidation state of Mn in the positive electrode active material is between 3.7 and 4.0.

[0066] According to one embodiment, the at least one lithium-ion battery cell is a plurality of battery cells.

[0067] According to one embodiment, each battery cell further includes a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0068] According to one embodiment, each battery cell has a specific capacity greater than 150 mAh / g.

Claims

1. A positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery, comprising: The compound represented by the general formula 1: Li (1.1+a) Mr (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x-y N y O (2-b) F b (1) in: M is Co, Cr or a combination thereof; N is W +6 、Ta +5 、V +5 or a combination thereof; 0≤a≤0.02； 0<c<0.01； 0≤x≤0.1； 0≤y≤0.04; and 0≤b≤0.1。 2 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein a=0 and c=0.

01. 3 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein a=0.1 and c=0.

4. The positive electrode active material of claim 1, wherein the average oxidation state of Mn is controlled between 3.7 and 4.

0.

5. A positive electrode for a lithium ion battery, the positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material comprising a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1: Li (1.1+a) Mr (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x-y N y O (2-b) F b (1) in: M is Co, Cr or a combination thereof; N is W +6 、Ta +5 、V +5 or a combination thereof; 0≤a≤0.02； 0<c<0.01； 0≤x≤0.1； 0≤y≤0.04; and 0≤b≤0.1。 The positive electrode of claim 5 , wherein a=0 and c=0.

01.

7. The positive electrode of claim 5, wherein a=0.1 and c=0.

8. The positive electrode active material of claim 5, wherein the average oxidation state of Mn is controlled between 3.7 and 4.

0.

9. A rechargeable lithium-ion battery comprising: At least one lithium-ion battery cell, each lithium-ion battery cell comprising: A positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material as represented by Formula 1.

10. A rechargeable lithium-ion battery comprising: At least one lithium-ion battery cell, each lithium-ion battery cell comprising: A positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material represented by Formula 1: Li (1.1+a) Mr (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x-y N y O (2-b) F b (1) in: M is Co, Cr or a combination thereof; N is W +6 、Ta +5 、V +5 or a combination thereof; 0≤a≤0.02； 0<c<0.01； 0≤x≤0.1； 0≤y≤0.04； 0≤b≤0.1； a negative electrode comprising a negative active material; and electrolytes.

11. The rechargeable lithium ion battery of claim 10, wherein the positive electrode active material a=0 and c=0.

01. 12 . The rechargeable lithium ion battery of claim 10 , wherein the positive electrode active material has a=0.1 and c=0.

13. The rechargeable lithium ion battery of claim 10, wherein the average oxidation state of Mn in the positive electrode active material is between 3.7 and 4.

0.

14. The rechargeable lithium ion battery of claim 10, wherein the at least one lithium ion battery cell is a plurality of battery cells.

15. The rechargeable lithium ion battery of claim 10, wherein each battery cell further comprises a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

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