Shaft machining device and machining method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of part machining equipment, in particular to shaft machining equipment and a machining method thereof. The shaft machining equipment is a rotating carrier used for periodically rotating in a preset direction, and a plurality of clamping units are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating carrier; each clamping unit is configured to clamp one end of a shaft and expose the other end of the shaft to one side of the rotating carrier; a plurality of work stations are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the rotating carrier along the rotating direction of the rotating carrier, and at least include a first machining work station, a rotating work station and a second machining work station; the periodic rotation of the rotating carrier drives the clamping units to sequentially stop at the plurality of work stations. Through the cooperative work of the rotating carrier, the clamping units, the rotating work station and the plurality of work stations of the shaft machining equipment, continuous machining of both ends is realized, and the deficiencies of the existing shaft machining equipment in machining efficiency and precision control are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of part processing equipment, in particular to a shaft part processing equipment and a processing method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of precision machining, the machining of shaft parts requires very high precision, especially in the automotive, aerospace, energy and other industries. Shaft parts often need to be finely machined at both ends. These shaft parts usually have high precision requirements, such as end face machining, thread machining and hole machining, etc. These machining steps are crucial to ensure the function and performance of the parts. Traditional shaft machining methods mostly rely on the linkage of multiple lathes, and the shaft is transported between different equipment for machining of different processes. This traditional machining method not only has a long working period, but also causes precision errors and part damage during the transportation process. Especially when machining small and precise shafts, any small error will affect the quality of the final product.

[0003] In addition, existing equipment usually requires multiple clamping stations to process the two ends of the shaft. After each machining is completed, the shaft must be transferred from one clamping station to another, which not only wastes time but also increases the complexity of operation. In the traditional method, clamping and adjustment are required each time the shaft is transferred, resulting in long processing time and low production efficiency. In the face of mass production, the traditional method also requires more manpower and equipment to ensure the smooth progress of the machining process, which increases the production cost.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the machining efficiency, reduce the time waste caused by transportation and clamping, and at the same time ensure the machining precision, is an important problem in the current technology. In order to better meet these needs, it is particularly important to develop a device that can realize the precise machining of both ends of the shaft on the same equipment and improve the production efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] (I) The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the shaft machining equipment has the problems of low machining efficiency and time waste caused by multiple transportation when processing small and precise shafts. Especially in the case of needing to precisely machine both ends of the shaft, the traditional method needs to rely on multiple devices for machining, and the shaft must be transported to different clamping stations for machining after each machining, which not only increases the production cycle but also leads to low production efficiency. At the same time, due to multiple clamping and adjustment, the precision control of the parts is difficult, and machining errors are easily produced, thereby affecting the quality of the finished product.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a shaft machining equipment for double-end machining of shafts, comprising:

[0008] A rotating carrier is used for periodic rotation in a preset direction, and a plurality of clamping units are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating carrier, each clamping unit being configured to clamp one end of a shaft member and expose the other end of the shaft member to one side of the rotating carrier.

[0009] A plurality of work stations are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the rotating carrier in the rotation direction of the rotating carrier, including at least a first machining station, a rotation station, and a second machining station.

[0010] The first machining station is provided with at least one set of radially movable tool assemblies configured to perform first machining on the exposed end of the shaft member.

[0011] The rotation station is provided with a rotation mechanism configured to separate the shaft member from the clamping unit, rotate the two ends of the shaft member, and then reposition the shaft member to the clamping unit with the original clamped end exposed.

[0012] The second machining station is provided with at least one set of radially movable tool assemblies configured to perform second machining on the exposed end of the rotated shaft member.

[0013] The periodic rotation of the rotating carrier drives the clamping units to sequentially stop at the plurality of work stations.

[0014] Through the periodic rotation of the rotating carrier, the shaft member sequentially passes through the plurality of work stations on the same device, avoiding the time waste of transporting the shaft member between different devices in the traditional machining method. Each clamping unit can effectively clamp the two ends of the shaft member and rotate the shaft member at the rotation station to realize continuous machining of the two ends.

[0015] In addition, by configuring radially movable tool assemblies in the plurality of work stations, the shaft member can be accurately machined without multiple adjustments and transportation. In particular, at the rotation station, the rotation mechanism can exchange the positions of the two ends of the shaft member and re-clamp the shaft member to expose the original clamped end, ensuring that the accuracy of the shaft member is effectively controlled during machining.

[0016] Through these technical means, the efficiency of shaft machining is significantly improved, the influence of transportation and clamping operations on time and accuracy is reduced, and high-precision machining of the two ends of the shaft member is ensured, solving the problems caused by multiple transportation and clamping in traditional technology.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present application, the plurality of work stations further include:

[0018] An upper loading station is arranged upstream of the first machining station in the rotation direction of the rotating carrier and is provided with an upper loading mechanism configured to deliver the shaft member to be machined to the clamping unit of the rotating carrier.

[0019] The discharging station is arranged downstream of the second machining station in the rotation direction of the rotating carrier and is provided with a material receiving unit configured to receive the shaft from the clamping unit after the secondary machining is completed.

[0020] The present application further improves the automation degree and working efficiency of the machining equipment by arranging the feeding station and the discharging station upstream and downstream of the rotating carrier. Specifically, the feeding station is equipped with a feeding mechanism that can accurately deliver the shaft to be machined to the clamping unit of the rotating carrier, ensuring smooth clamping of the shaft and starting the machining process. Through this arrangement, the equipment can realize automatic shaft feeding, avoiding the uncertainty and time waste caused by manual operation.

[0021] After the machining is completed, the discharging station is provided with a material receiving unit for receiving the shaft released from the clamping unit. This material receiving unit can automatically remove the shaft from the clamping unit after the secondary machining of the shaft is completed, and collect and process it, further reducing manual intervention and improving production efficiency. Through the automatic design of feeding and discharging, the present application significantly improves the overall efficiency of the shaft machining process, reduces the complexity and error rate of human operation, and significantly improves the stability and efficiency of the equipment in continuous production.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present application, the rotating carrier includes a driving end and a rotating work end, and the rotating work end is in a ring structure with a fixed support arranged on its periphery;

[0023] The plurality of work stations are sequentially fixed on the fixed support in the rotation direction and maintain a predetermined distance from the rotating work end to adapt to the exposed end work position of the shaft.

[0024] By arranging the fixed support on the periphery of the rotating work end and sequentially fixing the plurality of work stations on the support in the rotation direction, the present application can ensure the predetermined distance between the work stations and the rotating work end, thereby adapting to the exposed end work position of the shaft.

[0025] Further, the shaft machining equipment further comprises:

[0026] The rack constitutes the support body of the shaft machining equipment, ensuring stable installation and reliable operation of various components of the equipment, avoiding vibration and deviation during equipment operation, and providing a solid foundation;

[0027] The fixed support includes a ring-shaped support block with a notch in the center, which is fixedly connected to the rack. The center is provided with a ring-shaped notch adapted to the rotating carrier, and the outer edge is provided with various work stations, so that the various work stations can be evenly distributed on the periphery of the rotating carrier and maintain a reasonable distance from the rotating work end, thereby ensuring accurate positioning of each station.

[0028] a driving assembly integrated in the annular support block, comprising:

[0029] a main driving shaft driven by a power source and extending along the radial direction of the annular support block, with a driving gear provided at the output end thereof;

[0030] an annular transmission gear disc engaged with the driving gear and extending around the periphery of the rotating carrier and covering all the working stations, to ensure that power can be uniformly transmitted to each working station;

[0031] a plurality of driven transmission units respectively provided at each working station, in transmission connection with the annular transmission gear disc and respectively driving the tool assembly of the first machining station to radially feed, the reversing mechanism of the reversing station to perform the disengaging-reversing action, and the feeding mechanism of the feeding station to push the shaft member.

[0032] The actions of all the working stations are synchronously driven by the same power source. When the rotating carrier drives the clamping units to periodically rotate, the clamping units are accurately docked with each working station at the dwell position of each cycle, thereby ensuring the accurate machining of the shaft member at different working stations. Each driven transmission unit is respectively provided at each working station and in transmission connection with the annular transmission gear disc, to respectively drive the tool assembly of the first machining station to radially feed, the reversing mechanism of the reversing station to perform the disengaging and reversing action of the shaft member, and the feeding mechanism of the feeding station to push the shaft member.

[0033] Through this design, the present application realizes the synchronous operation between different working stations, greatly improving the automation and efficiency of the shaft machining process. Since each working station is driven by the same power source, the problem of inconsistent coordination of multiple independent power sources in traditional equipment is avoided, not only reducing the complexity and occupied space of the equipment, but also improving the overall production efficiency and ensuring the accuracy and continuity of the shaft machining.

[0034] According to one embodiment of the present application, the rotating working end of the rotating carrier is a vertically arranged disc structure, with the clamping units distributed circumferentially on the disc surface, to ensure that each clamping unit sequentially passes through each working station during rotation, thereby realizing accurate machining of the shaft member. The vertically arranged disc structure makes the equipment more compact in terms of occupied space, and at the same time, each clamping unit can be driven by rotation to realize an efficient machining process.

[0035] The discharge station is located at the bottom area of the disc-shaped structure, which is designed to meet the requirement of smooth falling of the shaft workpiece by gravity after machining. Whenever the secondary machining is completed, the clamping unit will release the shaft workpiece, which will naturally fall into the collection container under the discharge station by gravity. This design avoids complex manual operation or mechanical device to pick up the shaft workpiece, and at the same time, the discharge process is completed by gravity, which reduces the complexity of the equipment and improves the overall automation level.

[0036] The vertical layout of the disc-shaped structure matches the position of the discharge station, so that the gravity falling path of the shaft workpiece avoids the working space of the remaining stations, avoiding interference or conflict that may occur during machining.

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present application, the turning mechanism comprises a clamping unit, a linkage driving module, a horizontal moving unit and a turning driving unit;

[0038] The clamping unit is configured to clamp and separate the shaft workpiece in the clamping unit in the turning station, and the clamping unit can effectively grab the shaft workpiece and complete the pick-and-place of the shaft workpiece between the turning station and the clamping unit;

[0039] The linkage driving module comprises coaxially arranged first and second cam assemblies, and the first and second cam assemblies are synchronously driven by the driving unit of the turning station;

[0040] It ensures that the turning mechanism can complete the synchronous operation of multiple actions through a unified power source during operation, improving the precision and efficiency of operation.

[0041] The horizontal moving unit is in transmission connection with the first cam assembly and is configured to move the clamping unit away from or close to the clamping unit in the turning station under the drive of the first cam assembly;

[0042] The turning driving unit is connected with the second cam assembly and is configured to drive the shaft workpiece to turn 180° at both ends under the drive of the second cam assembly when the clamping unit is away from the clamping unit in the turning station;

[0043] The phase difference between the first cam assembly and the second cam assembly is configured to control the timing matching of the horizontal movement and the turning action.

[0044] It is worth mentioning that the phase difference configuration of the first cam assembly and the second cam assembly precisely controls the timing matching of the horizontal movement and the turning action, ensuring the smoothness and efficiency of the turning process. The automatic taking and placing and precise turning of the shaft in the turning station are realized, avoiding manual intervention and improving the automation level and production efficiency of the equipment. The automation design of the entire turning process makes the conversion of the shaft in the machining process faster and more stable, greatly improving the machining efficiency.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present application, the tool assembly of the first machining station and the second machining station comprises:

[0046] A radial driving module is drivingly connected with the driving assembly through a tool cam assembly, the tool cam assembly comprises a cam shaft and a cam provided on the cam shaft, one end of the cam shaft is provided with a gear set, and the transmission gear set is engaged with an annular transmission gear disc to receive power input;

[0047] A tool holder module is connected with the cam through a linkage mechanism and is configured to move radially along the rotating carrier under the rotary drive of the cam, driving the tool to perform the action of feeding or retracting, so that the tool can accurately adjust the amount of feeding during machining, ensuring the high precision and consistency of shaft machining.

[0048] According to an embodiment of the present application, the shaft machining equipment of the present application further comprises a pushing mechanism, the pushing mechanism comprises:

[0049] A follow-up pushing unit is provided on the inner side of the rotating carrier and comprises a plurality of pushing sliders corresponding to the clamping units one by one, each pushing slider is slidably installed in the radial sliding groove of the rotating carrier, and the sliding direction is aligned with the axis of the corresponding clamping unit. Through this design, the pushing slider can accurately match the axis of each clamping unit, ensuring that the shaft can be smoothly released from the clamping unit and pushed out after the shaft machining is completed.

[0050] A fixed pushing and pulling mechanism comprises a first pushing and pulling unit fixedly arranged at the discharge station on the inner side of the rotating carrier, comprising a pushing and pulling piece and a mechanical linkage part;

[0051] The pushing and pulling piece is configured to drive the pushing slider to move outward along the radial sliding groove through mechanical contact, thereby pushing the shaft out of the clamping unit and resetting.

[0052] By accurate following of the follow-up pushing unit and fixed setting of the fixed pushing and pulling mechanism, the shaft part machining device can complete the ejection of the internal part of the clamping unit without increasing additional power mechanism, improves the automation level and stability of the machining process, and enables the part to be smoothly taken out after being inserted into the clamping unit to a deep depth, so that the exposed end of the shaft part is shortened, thereby reducing the risk of deformation of the shaft part in the length direction when the tool assembly acts on the shaft part, and significantly improving the production efficiency and yield.

[0053] Further, the fixed pushing and pulling mechanism further comprises a second pushing and pulling unit fixedly arranged at the rotation position of the rotating carrier, comprising a pushing and pulling part and a mechanical linkage part.

[0054] The pushing and pulling part is configured to drive the pushing block to move outward along the radial sliding groove through mechanical contact, so as to eject and reset the shaft part from the clamping unit.

[0055] The setting of the second pushing and pulling unit not only simplifies the operation process, but also realizes automatic ejection and resetting through mechanical linkage, further improves the overall efficiency and automation degree of the shaft part machining device, ensures the smooth progress of the shaft part machining process, reduces manual intervention, and improves the production efficiency.

[0056] The shaft part machining device further comprises a rotating carrier, a plurality of clamping units arranged on the rotating carrier, a first machining station, a rotation station and a second machining station arranged on the rotating carrier, and a fixed pushing and pulling mechanism arranged on the rotating carrier.

[0057] S1: driving the rotating carrier to rotate intermittently at a preset angle, so that each clamping unit is aligned with the tool assembly on the first machining station, the rotation station and the tool assembly on the second machining station in turn;

[0058] S2: when the clamping unit rotates to the initial clamping position upstream of the first machining station with the rotating carrier, one end of the shaft part is fixed in the clamping unit, and the other end of the shaft part is exposed on the radial side of the rotating carrier;

[0059] S3: parallel machining steps:

[0060] When any clamping unit rotates to the first machining station, the exposed end is subjected to first machining by the tool assembly of the first machining station;

[0061] When any clamping unit rotates to the rotation station, the shaft part is separated and rotated by the rotation mechanism, and then clamped again to expose the original clamping end;

[0062] When any clamping unit rotates to the second machining station, the exposed end after rotation is subjected to second machining by the tool assembly of the second machining station;

[0063] When any clamping unit rotates downstream of the second machining station, the machined shaft part is released, and the discharging of the shaft part is completed.

[0064] S4: The clamping unit that completes discharging rotates to the initial clamping position with the rotating carrier, re-clamps a new shaft piece, and enters the next processing cycle.

[0065] The shaft piece processing method provided by the application ensures that the shaft piece remains in a stable state during the entire processing process by precisely controlling each processing step, significantly improving processing precision and efficiency. First, the rotating carrier rotates intermittently at a preset angle, sequentially docking the clamping unit to each processing station, ensuring accurate docking of the shaft piece at each station. During each rotation, one end of the shaft piece is fixed in the clamping unit, and the other end is exposed for precise processing at the first processing station.

[0066] In the parallel processing step, the shaft piece is exchanged in position by the turning mechanism, ensuring that the original clamping end is exposed, allowing seamless connection between processing steps. By this method, first and second processing is performed at the first and second processing stations respectively, reducing errors and delays during transportation, thereby significantly improving processing efficiency and precision.

[0067] When the processing of the shaft piece is completed, the shaft piece is smoothly released through the discharging station, and the next processing cycle is automatically performed using the periodic rotation of the rotating carrier. This method achieves efficient automation of shaft piece processing by precisely controlling the rotation of the rotating carrier and the docking of the work stations, greatly improving production efficiency while reducing manual intervention and operational errors.

[0068] (Three) The beneficial effects of the application: The application realizes continuous processing of both ends through the coordinated work of the rotating carrier, clamping unit, turning station and multiple work stations of the shaft piece processing equipment, solving the deficiencies of existing shaft processing equipment in processing efficiency and precision control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0069] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0070] Figure 1 The perspective structural schematic diagram of the shaft piece processing equipment provided by one embodiment of the application;

[0071] Figure 2 The front view structural schematic diagram of the shaft piece processing equipment provided by one embodiment of the application;

[0072] Figure 3Right view structural schematic diagram of shaft machining equipment provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed support provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tool assembly provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping unit provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the reversing mechanism provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the reversing mechanism provided for an embodiment of the present application from a second perspective;

[0078] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inside drive assembly and the pushing mechanism of the fixed support provided for an embodiment of the present application.

[0079] Icon: 1, rotating carrier; 11, drive device; 12, clamping unit; 2, fixed support; 21, first machining station; 22, reversing station; 202, reversing mechanism; 221, clamping unit; 222, linkage drive module; 2221, first cam assembly; 2222, second cam assembly; 2223, horizontal movement unit; 2224, reversing drive unit; 2225, third cam assembly; 2226, fourth cam assembly; 2227, lifting drive unit; 2228, pushing drive unit; 23, second machining station; 24, feeding station; 204, feeding mechanism; 25, discharging station; 206, tool assembly; 261, radial drive module; 2611, tool cam assembly; 262, tool seat module; 27, annular notch; 28, drive assembly; 281, main drive shaft; 282, drive gear; 283, annular transmission gear disc; 284, driven transmission unit; 3, pushing mechanism; 31, following pushing unit; 311, pushing slider; 312, sliding groove; 32, fixed pushing and pulling mechanism; 3201, first pushing and pulling unit; 3202, second pushing and pulling unit; 321, pushing and pulling piece; 7, rack; 8, collection container. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] In order to enable the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application to be clearer, a further detailed description will be given below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, and the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application. Specific embodiments

[0081] The present embodiment provides a shaft machining device and method for double-end cutting machining of shafts. The following specific embodiments will describe the structure of the device, the arrangement of each component, and the cooperative working mode thereof in detail.

[0082] As shown in Figures 1 to 9 , the shaft machining device of the present application mainly comprises a rack 7, a rotating carrier 1, a fixed support 2, a driving assembly 28, a plurality of working stations, a rotating mechanism 202, a tool assembly 206 and a pushing mechanism 3.

[0083] Among them, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 , the rack 7 is used as the support body of the device, which is made of high-strength steel to ensure that the device has sufficient carrying capacity during operation.

[0084] The rotating carrier 1 is columnar and is fixedly arranged transversely on the table top of the rack 7, and is used to rotate periodically along a predetermined direction to ensure stable clamping and accurate machining of the shaft during machining. The rotating carrier 1 mainly comprises a driving end and a rotating working end.

[0085] Driving end:

[0086] The driving end is located inside the rack 7 of the rotating carrier 1 and is connected to the driving device 11. The driving device 11 can adopt a power mechanism such as a stepping motor or a servo motor to accurately control the rotation angle, so as to ensure that the rotating carrier 1 can rotate accurately within a predetermined period. The use of a stepping motor or a servo motor enables the rotating carrier 1 to accurately control the rotation angle in each machining period, so as to ensure that each clamping unit 12 can be accurately docked to each working station during rotation, thereby realizing efficient shaft machining.

[0087] Rotating working end:

[0088] The rotating work end adopts a vertically arranged disc structure, and a plurality of clamping units 12 are uniformly distributed on the end face in the circumferential direction. This design enables each clamping unit 12 to be sequentially docked with the processing station during the rotation of the rotating carrier 1, ensuring that the shaft can be sequentially processed in order. The design of the rotating work end ensures the stable clamping and rotation of the shaft, and avoids precision errors caused by inaccurate rotation during processing.

[0089] Configuration of the clamping unit 12:

[0090] As shown in the drawings, Figure 6 In this embodiment, ten clamping units 12 are uniformly arranged on the disc face of the rotating work end in the circumferential direction. Each clamping unit 12 is configured to clamp one end of the shaft and expose the other end of the shaft to one side of the rotating carrier 1. This design ensures that the shaft can always maintain a stable clamped state during rotation, and the two ends of the shaft can be processed separately during processing in different stations. The clamping unit 12 can be a mechanical clamp or a pneumatic clamp. For example, the mechanical clamp firmly clamps the shaft by adjusting the clamping force, while the pneumatic clamp quickly clamps and releases by air pressure. Different types of clamping units 12 can be selected according to specific processing needs to ensure the stability and processing accuracy of the shaft during processing.

[0091] Through the above arrangement, the rotating carrier 1 can accurately clamp the shaft and periodically rotate it to each processing station, achieving efficient and accurate shaft processing. The disc structure of the rotating work end provides a sufficient number of clamping units 12, and ensures that the clamping units 12 can be smoothly docked with different stations in each cycle, thereby improving the automation level and production efficiency of the processing process.

[0092] As shown in Figures 1-2, the fixed support 2 is an annular support block fixedly connected to the rack 7 and having a ring-shaped notch 27 in the center adapted to the rotating carrier 1. The notch is sleeved with the work end face of the rotating carrier 1, ensuring that the work end of the rotating carrier 1 can be firmly embedded therein, and the outer end faces of the two are flat and rotationally connected, providing stable support for the rotating carrier 1 to ensure accurate operation during rotation.

[0093] The periphery of the fixed support 2 is sequentially provided with a plurality of work stations in the rotation direction of the rotating carrier 1, including a feeding station 24, a first processing station 21, a turning station 22, a second processing station 23, and a discharging station. The rotating carrier 1 drives the clamping units 12 to rotate to each work station in turn by periodic rotation, and stays at each station for a period of time for corresponding work. Each work station is closely matched with the rotation direction and periodic rotation of the rotating carrier 1, ensuring that each clamping unit 12 can be accurately docked and processed after reaching the station.

[0094] Configuration of the driving assembly 28:

[0095] As shown in Figure 9 the fixed support 2, the driving assembly 28 is integrated at the inner end, which works in cooperation with the main driving shaft 281, the annular transmission gear disc 283 and a plurality of driven transmission units 284 to provide the required power for each work station. The structure of the driving assembly 28 is as follows:

[0096] Main driving shaft 281:

[0097] The main driving shaft 281 is driven by a power source (such as a stepper motor, a servo motor, etc.), extending radially along the annular support block, responsible for providing power output for the driving assembly 28. The output end of the main driving shaft 281 is connected with the driving gear 282 to provide accurate power for the entire driving system.

[0098] Annular transmission gear disc 283:

[0099] The annular transmission gear disc 283 is meshed with the driving gear 282 and extends around the periphery of the rotating carrier 1. The annular transmission gear disc 283 functions to transmit power from the main driving shaft 281 to the driven transmission units 284 of each work station. Through this design, the annular transmission gear disc 283 ensures that each work station can obtain power synchronously, so that each station can work in coordination during the rotation of the rotating carrier 1.

[0100] A plurality of driven transmission units 284:

[0101] Each work station is transmissionally connected with the annular transmission gear disc 283 through the driven transmission unit 284. Each driven unit includes a gear and an axle shaft connected with the annular transmission gear disc 283, and is responsible for transmitting power to the corresponding work station. These driven transmission units 284 respectively drive: the tool assembly 206 to perform radial feeding, the turning mechanism 202 of the turning station 22 to perform the pulling-away-turning action, and the feeding mechanism 204 of the feeding station 24 to push the shaft member.

[0102] Through holes and transmission connection:

[0103] The fixed support 2 is provided with a plurality of through holes to provide installation space for the driven transmission units 284. These through holes ensure that the gears and axle shafts of the driven transmission units 284 can be smoothly installed and transmissionally connected with the annular transmission gear disc 283. Through these through holes, power can be accurately transmitted to the driven transmission units 284 of each work station, ensuring that the operating components of each station can work efficiently in coordination.

[0104] The loading station 24 is provided with a loading mechanism 204, which is configured to transport the shaft to be machined to the clamping unit 12 of the rotary carrier 1, ensuring that the shaft can be accurately clamped and smoothly enter the machining process. The power source of the loading mechanism 204 is provided by a driven unit, and there are various specific embodiments, which can use the rotation of the driven mechanism as a power source for the loading of the shaft. The loading mechanism 204 can adopt various forms of mechanical driving, which can work with the rotary carrier 1 and other parts of the present application to ensure stable transportation and clamping of the shaft.

[0105] For example, the loading mechanism 204 of the present embodiment adopts a mechanical pushing device, which uses the rotation of the driven mechanism as a power source. The loading mechanism 204 includes a pushing plate, a roller conveyor belt, and a linkage mechanism. The pushing plate is driven by the driven mechanism (i.e. cam), which pushes the shaft to be machined along the conveying track to the clamping unit 12 of the rotary carrier 1 through a mechanical transmission system.

[0106] Specifically, the rotation of the cam of the driven mechanism generates a mechanical pushing force through the linkage device connected to the pushing plate, driving the pushing plate to accurately push the shaft to the clamping unit 12. The linkage mechanism converts the rotation of the driven mechanism into the linear motion of the pushing plate, ensuring the position accuracy and stability of the shaft during transportation. The movement of the pushing device is synchronized with the rotation of the rotary carrier 1, ensuring accurate docking and clamping of the shaft.

[0107] The first machining station 21 is divided into three sections along the rotation direction of the rotary carrier 1, and each section corresponds to a clamping unit 12. Each clamping unit 12 is used to clamp one end of the shaft, while the other end of the shaft is exposed for the first machining. On each section, a radially movable tool assembly 206 is provided, which is configured to perform different first machining operations on the exposed end of the shaft. Specifically, as the rotary carrier 1 rotates, the clamping units 12 bring the shafts one by one to each section and stay for a certain period of time to ensure that the tool can accurately perform the machining tasks required by each section.

[0108] On each section, the radial feed of the tool assembly 206 can be adjusted according to different machining requirements, such as end face turning, external turning, etc. By dividing the first machining station 21 into three sections, diversified machining can be performed according to the size and shape of the shaft, ensuring flexibility and efficiency of machining.

[0109] The second machining station 23:

[0110] The second machining station 23 is divided into four sections along the rotation direction of the rotating carrier 1, and is provided with at least one set of radially movable cutter assembly 206. Each cutter assembly 206 is configured to perform secondary machining on the exposed end of the rotated shaft. The rotated shaft exchanges the positions of the two ends through the rotating mechanism 202 of the rotating station 22, so that the originally exposed end becomes the clamping end, and the other end is exposed again for further machining.

[0111] In each section of the second machining station 23, the secondary machining performed by the cutter assembly 206 can include thread cutting, end face machining, finish turning, etc. The design of these stations enables precise control of machining depth and position for each cutter assembly 206, thereby ensuring that each machining step of the shaft is completed efficiently and accurately.

[0112] Cutter driving system and linkage mechanism:

[0113] As shown in Figure 5 , the movement of each cutter assembly 206 is powered by a radial driving module 261, which is connected to the driving assembly 28 through a cutter cam assembly 2611. The cutter cam assembly 2611 includes a cam shaft and a cam disposed on the cam shaft. One end of the cam shaft is provided with a gear set, which is engaged with an annular transmission gear disc 283 that transmits power from the driving assembly 28 to each cutter assembly 206. Through this driving mode, the cutter disposed on the cutter holder module 262 can accurately perform the action of feeding or retracting according to the movement cycle of the rotating carrier 1.

[0114] As shown in Figure 1 , 7 and Figure 8 , the rotating station 22 is located between the first machining station 21 and the second machining station 23, and carries out the task of exchanging the two ends of the shaft to ensure that after the first machining is completed, the other end of the shaft can be exposed for secondary machining. The core function of the rotating station 22 is to extract the shaft from the clamping unit 12 through the rotating mechanism 202, and then reposition it to the clamping unit 12 after rotating the two ends, so that the original clamping end is exposed, and the subsequent machining operation in the second machining station 23 is prepared.

[0115] Structure and function of rotating mechanism 202:

[0116] The rotating mechanism 202 is composed of multiple components, including a clamping unit 221, a linkage driving module 222, a horizontal movement unit 2223, a lifting driving unit 2227, a rotating driving unit 2224, and a pushing unit. The working principle and structure of each component are as follows:

[0117] Clamping unit 221:

[0118] The clamping unit 221 is one of the core components of the turning station 22, responsible for clamping and extracting the shaft. Its main role is to remove the shaft from the clamping unit 12 and accurately position it in the turning station 22. Through cooperation with other drive modules, the clamping unit 221 can accurately clamp the shaft and bring it to the turning position. The clamping arm of the clamping unit 221 is made of high-strength material, which can ensure stable clamping of the shaft during turning.

[0119] Linkage drive module 222:

[0120] The linkage drive module 222 is the power source of the turning mechanism 202, which includes four cam components (first cam component 2221, second cam component 2222, third cam component 2225, fourth cam component 2226). These four cam components are coaxially arranged and adjusted by precise phase difference to ensure smooth completion of each action of the turning mechanism 202. Specifically:

[0121] The first cam component 2221 and the second cam component 2222 are synchronously driven by the drive unit of the turning station 22 (i.e., the cam shaft that engages with the ring-shaped transmission disc 283). When the drive unit rotates, the first and second cam components 2222 will drive other components to operate accurately.

[0122] The third and fourth cam components 2226 are responsible for controlling the actions of the lifting drive unit 2227 and the pushing unit, respectively. The precise cooperation of the four cams ensures the smoothness and accuracy of the turning operation.

[0123] Horizontal movement unit 2223:

[0124] The horizontal movement unit 2223 is in transmission connection with the first cam component 2221 and is configured to move the clamping unit 221 along the radial sliding groove 312 under the drive of the first cam component 2221. The role of the horizontal movement unit 2223 is to ensure that the clamping unit 221 can accurately extract and move the shaft to the turning position in the predetermined direction within the turning station 22. Through cooperation with the cam components, the horizontal movement unit 2223 can accurately adjust the position of the shaft, preparing for subsequent turning operations.

[0125] Lifting drive unit 2227:

[0126] The lifting drive unit 2227 is in transmission connection with the third cam component 2225 and is responsible for driving the clamping unit 221 to move up and down when the shaft is extracted from the clamping unit 12. The main purpose of this is to ensure that the shaft can avoid the interference of the two side cutter components 206 during the turning process. Through precise control, the lifting drive unit 2227 ensures that the clamping unit 221 can be lowered when needed to provide sufficient space for the turning of the shaft, avoiding interference from the cutter and ensuring the accuracy of the machining.

[0127] Turning drive unit 2224:

[0128] The turning drive unit 2224 is connected with the second cam assembly 2222, responsible for driving the shaft to turn 180° at both ends after the clamping unit 221 moves away from the clamping station and descends. This turning action ensures that the two ends of the shaft can be successfully exchanged, so that the originally exposed end becomes the clamping end, facilitating subsequent secondary processing. The turning drive unit 2224 precisely controls the speed and angle of the turning action through a synchronously matched cam system, ensuring that the shaft turning process is stable and error-free.

[0129] Pushing drive unit 2228:

[0130] The pushing unit is connected with the fourth cam assembly 2226 and includes a pushing rod. The pushing unit assists the horizontal moving unit 2223 in pushing the shaft, ensuring that the shaft moves smoothly and accurately to the turning station 22 and adjusts to the correct position. The design of the pushing unit ensures that the shaft can be smoothly and uniformly pushed forward during the turning process, while controlling the progressive distance of the shaft to ensure accurate docking to the second processing station 23 after turning.

[0131] Phase difference setting of the four cam assemblies:

[0132] The phase difference configuration of the first and second cam assemblies 2222 is to precisely control the timing matching of horizontal movement and turning action. By adjusting the phase difference of these two cam assemblies, the turning mechanism 202 can provide perfect time coordination between horizontal movement and shaft turning, ensuring smooth connection of each step, thereby avoiding conflicts or precision problems during shaft turning.

[0133] Working principle of the turning mechanism 202:

[0134] When the shaft completes processing in the first processing station 21, the rotating carrier 1 drives the clamping unit 12 to sequentially transfer the shaft to the turning station 22. At this time, the clamping unit 221 is driven by the first cam assembly 2221 and the second cam assembly 2222 of the linkage drive module 222 to move horizontally, separating the shaft from the clamping unit 12. At the same time that the clamping unit 221 separates the shaft, the lifting drive unit 2227 drives the clamping unit 221 to descend through the third cam assembly 2225, ensuring that the shaft avoids interference from the cutting tool during turning.

[0135] After the clamping unit 221 moves away from the clamping unit 12, the rotation driving unit 2224 precisely rotates the shaft by 180° through the action of the second cam assembly 2222, so that the original clamping end is exposed, preparing to enter the second machining station 23. The push unit provides auxiliary power through the fourth cam assembly 2226 to ensure that the shaft is precisely pushed to the rotation position and is ready for subsequent processing.

[0136] At the discharge station 25, a collection container 8 is provided to receive the shaft released from the clamping unit 12. After passing through the second machining station 23, the shaft automatically falls due to gravity and accurately enters the collection container 8. The configuration of the collection unit ensures that after the secondary processing is completed, the shaft can be quickly and smoothly released from the clamping unit 12 and effectively received by the collection container 8, avoiding manual intervention or additional mechanical operations, thereby improving processing efficiency and the degree of automation of the equipment.

[0137] The push mechanism 3 is a key component in the present application, mainly used to assist in pushing the shaft out of the clamping unit 12 and resetting, ensuring smooth discharge of the shaft after processing. The push mechanism 3 realizes efficient and precise shaft ejection process through the cooperation of multiple components. The specific structure and working principle of the push mechanism 3 are as follows.

[0138] Follow-up push unit 31:

[0139] The follow-up push unit 31 is arranged on the inner side of the rotating carrier 1 and includes a plurality of push blocks 311 corresponding to the clamping units 12. Each push block 311 is slidably installed in the radial sliding groove 312 of the rotating carrier 1, and the sliding direction is aligned with the axis of the corresponding clamping unit 12. The design of the follow-up push unit 31 allows the push block 311 to accurately cooperate with each clamping unit 12, and when the shaft needs to be pushed out, the push block 311 can move in the radial sliding groove 312 along a direction consistent with the axis of the clamping unit 12, thereby accurately pushing the shaft out of the clamping unit 12.

[0140] Fixed push-pull mechanism 32 (first push-pull unit 3201):

[0141] The fixed push-pull mechanism 32 is arranged at the discharge station 25 on the inner side of the rotating carrier 1 and mainly consists of a push-pull piece 321 and a mechanical linkage. The push-pull piece 321 cooperates with the mechanical linkage to drive the push block 311 to move outward along the radial sliding groove 312 through mechanical contact. This action pushes the processed shaft out of the clamping unit 12 and resets it to the discharge position. The design of the first push-pull unit 3201 ensures the precise movement of the push block 311, thereby achieving smooth ejection of the shaft.

[0142] Fixed push-pull mechanism 32 (second push-pull unit 3202):

[0143] In addition to the first push-pull unit 3201, the fixed push-pull mechanism 32 also includes a second push-pull unit 3202, which is fixedly arranged at the turning station 22 on the inner side of the rotating carrier 1. The structure of the second push-pull unit 3202 is similar to that of the first push-pull unit 3201, including a push-pull member 321 and a mechanical linkage part. When the turning operation of the turning station 22 is completed, the second push-pull unit 3202 drives the pushing slider 311 to move outward along the radial groove 312 through mechanical contact, ejecting the shaft from the clamping unit 12 and resetting it. At this time, the second push-pull unit 3202 ensures that the shaft can smoothly enter the turning area and is ready for subsequent processing.

[0144] The ejection mechanism 3, through the cooperation of two push-pull units, ensures smooth transfer of the shaft between the rotation station 22 and the discharge station 25. Because each push-pull unit precisely mates with its corresponding ejection slider 311, the entire ejection process is both efficient and highly stable, avoiding errors caused by mechanical friction or uneven force. This design enables the ejection mechanism 3 to automatically and stably eject and reposition the shaft throughout the entire machining process, reducing manual intervention and optimizing the equipment's automation level.

[0145] This embodiment also provides a shaft processing method, comprising the following steps:

[0146] Step S1: Drive the rotating carrier 1 to rotate intermittently at a preset angle

[0147] In the first step, the rotating carrier 1 begins to rotate intermittently according to a predetermined cycle. The rotation of the rotating carrier 1 can precisely control the movement direction and position of the clamping unit 12, ensuring that each clamping unit 12 can reach each processing station in sequence with each rotation. The rotation of the rotating carrier 1 is controlled by the drive assembly 28, which uses a high-precision stepper motor or servo motor, allowing it to stop at a preset angle during each rotation. Under the action of the rotating carrier 1, each clamping unit 12 is accurately docked to the first processing station 21, the rotation station 22, and the second processing station 23.

[0148] Step S2: Clamping of shaft

[0149] When the clamping unit 12 rotates to its initial clamping position upstream of the first processing station 21, the clamping unit 221 secures one end of the shaft within the clamping unit 12, ensuring that the other end of the shaft is exposed radially from the rotating carrier 1. At this point, the shaft is securely clamped, and the exposed portion of the other end facilitates the initial processing. During this process, the clamping device of the clamping unit 12 precisely controls the clamping force of the shaft, preventing it from shifting or loosening during rotation, thereby ensuring stable and accurate processing.

[0150] Step S3: Parallel processing step

[0151] This step is the key of the present application, involving parallel processing operation of multiple stations, making full use of the efficiency of the equipment.

[0152] First processing:

[0153] When the clamping unit 12 rotates to the first processing station 21, the tool assembly 206 begins to perform the first processing on the exposed end of the shaft. According to the process requirements, the tool assembly 206 can perform different processing operations, such as end face turning, external turning, etc. During this process, the periodic rotation of the rotary carrier 1 ensures accurate docking for each processing and continuous and stable processing action.

[0154] Swivel operation:

[0155] When the clamping unit 12 rotates to the swivel station 22, the swivel mechanism 202 begins to work, separating the shaft from the clamping unit 12 and exchanging the positions of the two ends. Specifically, the swivel mechanism 202 controls the movement of the clamping unit 221 to ensure that the two ends of the shaft can be smoothly exchanged in the swivel station 22. At this time, the original clamping end will become the exposed end, ensuring that it can enter the second processing station 23 for subsequent processing. The design of the swivel process greatly simplifies the clamping and transportation steps of the workpiece, avoiding errors and time waste caused by multiple clamping in traditional methods.

[0156] Second processing:

[0157] When the clamping unit 12 rotates to the second processing station 23, the tool assembly 206 performs the second processing on the exposed end after swiveling. The second processing usually includes fine turning, thread cutting, etc., and performs precise processing according to the requirements of the shaft. Since the processing procedures of the two ends of the shaft have been allocated to the first and second stations, the second processing can seamlessly connect after the shaft is swiveled, further improving the continuity and efficiency of processing.

[0158] Step S4: Complete discharging and enter the next processing cycle

[0159] After the shaft is processed, the clamping unit 12 is rotated to the discharging station 25 through the periodic rotation of the rotary carrier 1. At this time, the processed shaft will be smoothly released and automatically fall into the collection container 8 through the rotation of the rotary carrier 1 by gravity or auxiliary devices, completing the discharging process. This automatic discharging operation ensures that the shaft will not be damaged due to operational errors or human intervention, thereby improving the stability of the processing process.

[0160] The clamping unit 12 after discharging will rotate to the initial clamping position again, start a new processing cycle, clamp a new shaft and enter the next processing process. The whole method realizes the automatic processing and discharging process, greatly improves the production efficiency and reduces the manual intervention.

[0161] The shaft processing method of the present application ensures the stability and efficiency of the shaft in the whole processing process by precisely controlling the rotation of the rotating carrier 1 and the docking of each operation station. Each clamping unit 12 can be precisely docked to multiple processing stations in turn, and the shaft is processed efficiently through parallel processing steps. At the same time, the design of the reversing mechanism 202 ensures the seamless connection of the exchange of the two ends of the shaft, improves the processing precision and working efficiency. Finally, through the automatic discharging operation, the present application significantly reduces the operation error and human intervention in production, improves the overall processing precision and production efficiency.

[0162] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present application, which do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made on the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A shaft member machining apparatus characterized by comprising: Comprise: A rotating carrier for periodic rotation in a preset direction, which is uniformly distributed with a plurality of clamping units in the circumferential direction, each clamping unit is configured to clamp one end of the shaft and expose the other end of the shaft to one side of the rotating carrier; The periphery of the rotating carrier is sequentially provided with a plurality of working stations in the rotation direction of the rotating carrier, at least including a first machining station, a rotation station and a second machining station: The first machining station is provided with at least one set of radially movable tool assemblies, which are configured to perform the first machining on the exposed end of the shaft; The rotation station is provided with a rotation mechanism, which is configured to separate the shaft from the clamping unit and reposition the shaft after rotating its two ends to the clamping unit, so that the original clamping end is exposed, and the rotation mechanism comprises: A clamping unit configured to clamp and separate the shaft in the clamping unit in the rotation station; A linkage driving module comprising coaxially arranged first and second cam assemblies, the first and second cam assemblies are synchronously driven by the driving unit of the rotation station; A horizontal moving unit is in transmission connection with the first cam assembly, configured to drive the clamping unit to move horizontally away from or close to the clamping unit in the rotation station under the drive of the first cam assembly; A rotation driving unit is connected with the second cam assembly, configured to drive the two ends of the shaft to rotate 180° under the drive of the second cam assembly when the clamping unit is away from the clamping unit in the rotation station; The phase difference between the first and second cam assemblies is configured to control the timing matching of horizontal movement and rotation action; The second machining station is provided with at least one set of radially movable tool assemblies, which are configured to perform the second machining on the exposed end of the rotated shaft; The periodic rotation of the rotating carrier drives the clamping unit to stop at the plurality of working stations in turn.

2. The shaft machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The plurality of working stations further comprises: An upstream feeding station is provided upstream of the first machining station in the rotation direction of the rotating carrier, and is provided with a feeding mechanism, which is configured to transport the shaft to be machined to the clamping unit of the rotating carrier; A downstream discharging station is provided downstream of the second machining station in the rotation direction of the rotating carrier, and is provided with a receiving unit, which is configured to receive the shaft released from the clamping unit after the second machining is completed.

3. The shaft machining apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by The rotating carrier comprises a driving end and a rotating working end, the rotating working end is an annular structure, and the periphery thereof is provided with a fixed support; The plurality of working stations are sequentially fixed on the fixed support in the rotation direction and maintain a preset distance from the rotating working end to adapt to the exposed end working position of the shaft.

4. The shaft machining apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by Further comprising: A rack constitutes a support body of the shaft machining device; The fixed support comprises an annular support block with a notch in the center, which is fixedly connected to the rack, and the center thereof is provided with an annular notch adapted to the rotating carrier, and the outer edge thereof is provided with each working station; A driving assembly is integrated in the annular support block, comprising: A main driving shaft driven by a power source and extending in the radial direction of the annular support block, and the output end thereof is provided with a driving gear; a ring-shaped transmission gear disc, engaged with the driving gear, and extending around the periphery of the rotating carrier and covering all the working stations; a plurality of driven transmission units, respectively arranged at each working station, in transmission connection with the ring-shaped transmission gear disc, and respectively driving the tool assembly of the first machining station to feed radially, the reversing mechanism of the reversing station to perform the disengaging-reversing action, and the feeding mechanism of the feeding station to push the shaft member.

5. The shaft machining apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by The rotating working end of the rotating carrier is a vertically arranged disc-shaped structure, and the disc face of the disc-shaped structure is circumferentially distributed with the clamping units; The discharging station is located at the bottom region of the disc-shaped structure.

6. The shaft machining apparatus according to claim 5, wherein The tool assembly of the first machining station and the second machining station comprises: a radial driving module, in transmission connection with the driving assembly through a tool cam assembly, the tool cam assembly comprising a cam shaft and a cam provided on the cam shaft, one end of the cam shaft being provided with a gear set, the gear set being engaged with the ring-shaped transmission gear disc to receive power input; a tool holder module, in connection with the cam through a linkage mechanism, configured to move along the radial direction of the rotating carrier under the rotary drive of the cam, and drive the tool to perform the tool feeding or tool retracting action.

7. The shaft piece processing apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized by, It also comprises a pushing mechanism, the pushing mechanism comprising: a following pushing unit, arranged at the inner side of the rotating carrier, comprising a plurality of pushing sliders corresponding to the clamping units one by one, each pushing slider being slidably installed in the radial sliding groove of the rotating carrier, and the sliding direction being aligned with the axis of the corresponding clamping unit; a fixed pushing and pulling mechanism, comprising a first pushing and pulling unit, fixedly arranged at the discharging station at the inner side of the rotating carrier, comprising a pushing and pulling member and a mechanical linkage part; the pushing and pulling member is configured to drive the pushing slider to move outward along the radial sliding groove through mechanical contact, and to push the shaft member out of the clamping unit and reset it.

8. The shaft machining apparatus according to claim 7, characterized by The fixed pushing and pulling mechanism further comprises a second pushing and pulling unit, fixedly arranged at the reversing station at the inner side of the rotating carrier, comprising a pushing and pulling member and a mechanical linkage part; the pushing and pulling member is configured to drive the pushing slider to move outward along the radial sliding groove through mechanical contact, and to push the shaft member out of the clamping unit and reset it.

9. A method of machining a shaft member, characterized by, using the shaft member processing equipment of any one of claims 1 to 8 for processing, comprising the following steps: S1: driving the rotating carrier to rotate intermittently at a preset angle, so that each clamping unit is aligned with the tool assembly of the first machining station, the reversing mechanism, and the tool assembly of the second machining station in turn; S2: when the clamping unit is rotated to the initial clamping position upstream of the first machining station with the rotating carrier, one end of the shaft member is fixed in the clamping unit, and the other end of the shaft member is exposed on the radial side of the rotating carrier; S3: parallel processing steps: when any clamping unit is rotated to the first machining station, the exposed end of the clamping unit is subjected to the first machining by the tool assembly of the first machining station; when any clamping unit is rotated to the reversing station, the shaft member is disengaged by the reversing mechanism and is clamped again after the two ends are reversed, so that the original clamping end is exposed; when any clamping unit is rotated to the second machining station, the exposed end after reversing is subjected to the second machining by the tool assembly of the second machining station. When any one clamping unit rotates to the downstream of the second machining station, the processed shaft part is released, and the discharge of the shaft part is completed; S4: the clamping unit completing the discharge rotates to the initial clamping position with the rotating carrier, re-clamps a new shaft part, and enters the next machining cycle.

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