A method and related apparatus for detecting the pulse amplitude of liquid particles with configurable channels.

Abstract

This invention discloses a channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection method and related apparatus, relating to the field of digital signal processing. The method includes the following steps: eliminating a background noise reference value of the digital pulse signal and preset a dynamic threshold; filtering out noise signals with amplitudes lower than the dynamic threshold from the digital pulse signal to obtain a baseline-corrected digital pulse signal; when the amplitude of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal first exceeds the dynamic threshold, starting pulse counting and performing peak detection on the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal to obtain the pulse peak value and peak position corresponding to the pulse event; preset channel threshold parameters through a host computer and dividing the signal into several independent channels, loading the pulse event into the corresponding independent channel for accumulation to obtain the channel count value and corresponding particle size distribution data, thus completing the liquid particle pulse amplitude detection. This invention solves the problem that the number of channels and threshold parameters cannot be dynamically adjusted when performing liquid particle pulse amplitude detection using current hardware circuits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of digital signal processing, and specifically to a method and related apparatus for detecting the pulse amplitude of liquid particles with configurable channels. Background Technology

[0002] Existing liquid particle detection equipment primarily relies on optical and electrical principles. Among these, the electrical principle-based resistance pulse sensing method achieves high accuracy and resolution through single-particle detection. However, at the hardware implementation level, traditional devices generally employ multi-channel analog circuit architectures to cover a wide particle size detection range. Taking a typical 16-channel system as an example, each independent channel requires a bandpass filter, low-noise amplifier, voltage comparator, and DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter) module. The DAC module presets different voltage thresholds to achieve graded discrimination of pulse amplitude. While this discrete design ensures independent detection accuracy across different size ranges, it leads to problems such as high circuit redundancy, high power consumption, and excessive size and weight, significantly increasing manufacturing costs. A typical example is the Beckman Coulter Multisizer™ 4E, a commercial device based on the Coulter principle (resistance pulse method), which uses a 16-channel parallel processing system to achieve precise analysis of liquid particles from micrometers to millimeters. Although the device demonstrates excellent particle size distribution analysis capabilities in fields such as biomedicine and environmental monitoring, its complex analog circuit architecture results in a total weight of 45kg and a price of over $100,000 per unit, which greatly limits its application and promotion in portable scenarios and cost-sensitive fields.

[0003] Therefore, the fixed-channel design of existing technologies has inherent flaws. Since the number of physical channels is determined by the hardware circuitry, it's impossible to dynamically adjust the number of channels and threshold parameters via host computer software. When detecting samples with a wide particle size distribution, it's impossible to dynamically adjust the sensitivity and range of the detection channels based on sample characteristics, and it's also difficult to expand the dynamic range of the detected particle size. This leads to a contradiction between sensitivity and detection range in practical applications. Furthermore, due to the discreteness of component parameters, the signal-to-noise ratio difference between channels widens after long-term operation in 16-channel hardware circuits, resulting in decreased cross-channel data consistency. In addition, multi-channel hardware amplifiers require precisely matched resistor networks and independent calibration circuits, significantly increasing material costs. The complex design of the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) layout, including signal crosstalk suppression, further increases system complexity and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and related apparatus for detecting the pulse amplitude of liquid particles with configurable channels, so as to solve the problem that the number of channels and threshold parameters cannot be dynamically adjusted when performing liquid particle pulse amplitude detection in current hardware circuits.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, a method for detecting the pulse amplitude of liquid particles with a configurable channel includes the following steps:

[0007] The optical pulse signal of liquid particles is converted into a digital pulse signal and then acquired.

[0008] The background noise reference value of the digital pulse signal is calculated using the sliding window mean method. Based on the background noise reference value, a dynamic threshold is preset to filter out noise signals in the digital pulse signal with amplitudes lower than the dynamic threshold, thereby obtaining a baseline-corrected digital pulse signal.

[0009] When the amplitude of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal exceeds the dynamic threshold for the first time, pulse counting is started and marked as a pulse event. Peak detection is then performed on the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal to obtain the pulse peak value and peak position corresponding to the pulse event. When the amplitude of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal is lower than the dynamic threshold and the duration exceeds the preset dead time, pulse counting is terminated and a pulse marker is generated.

[0010] The host computer presets channel threshold parameters and divides the system into several independent channels. Each independent channel corresponds to a specific range of liquid particle sizes. The pulse event is loaded into the corresponding independent channel based on the pulse peak value and accumulated to obtain the channel count value and the corresponding particle size distribution data, thus completing the detection of liquid particle pulse amplitude.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step of converting the liquid particle optical pulse signal into a digital pulse signal and then acquiring it specifically includes:

[0012] The photodiode receives the light pulse signal from the liquid particles and outputs the current pulse signal to the low-noise transimpedance amplifier.

[0013] The low-noise transimpedance amplifier converts the current pulse signal into a voltage pulse signal and outputs it to the high-speed ADC module.

[0014] The high-speed ADC module converts the voltage pulse signal into a digital pulse signal, which is then acquired by digital logic circuitry.

[0015] In some implementations, the step of performing peak detection on the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal to obtain the pulse peak value and peak position corresponding to the pulse event specifically includes: performing peak detection on the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal using a sliding window comparison method, and combining the first-order differential sign change to obtain the pulse peak value and peak position corresponding to the pulse event.

[0016] In some implementations, after the step of terminating pulse counting and generating pulse markers, a countdown counter is used to shield subsequent pulses.

[0017] In some implementations, during the process of filtering out noise signals with amplitudes lower than the dynamic threshold in the digital pulse signal, a first-order differential operator is used to extract pulse rising edge features.

[0018] In some implementations, the step of presetting channel threshold parameters by a host computer, dividing the system into several independent channels, each corresponding to a specific liquid particle size range, and loading the pulse event into the corresponding independent channel based on the pulse peak value for accumulation to obtain channel count values ​​and corresponding particle size distribution data, specifically includes:

[0019] Acquire calibration data and set channel scales through a host computer. Set channel threshold parameters based on the channel scales. Divide the system into several independent channels according to the channel threshold parameters. The calibration data is a mapping relationship between liquid particle size and pulse amplitude. The channel threshold parameters are the pulse amplitude.

[0020] The pulse event is loaded into the corresponding independent channel according to the pulse peak value. The pulse events in each independent channel are accumulated by a multi-channel counter array to form a pulse sequence. The pulse sequence is timestamped to obtain the channel count value and the corresponding particle size distribution data. The channel count value and the corresponding particle size distribution data are encapsulated into a data frame and transmitted to the host computer for display, thus completing the detection of liquid particle pulse amplitude.

[0021] Secondly, a detection system for detecting the pulse amplitude of liquid particles with configurable channels includes:

[0022] The signal acquisition module is used to convert the light pulse signal of liquid particles into a digital pulse signal for acquisition.

[0023] The dynamic baseline correction and noise suppression module is used to calculate the background noise reference value of the digital pulse signal using the sliding window mean method, preset a dynamic threshold based on the background noise reference value, filter out noise signals with amplitudes lower than the dynamic threshold in the digital pulse signal, and obtain a baseline-corrected digital pulse signal.

[0024] The parallel peak detection module is used to start pulse counting and mark it as a pulse event when the amplitude of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal first exceeds the dynamic threshold, and then perform peak detection on the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal to obtain the pulse peak value and peak position corresponding to the pulse event. When the amplitude of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal is lower than the dynamic threshold and the duration exceeds the preset dead time, the pulse counting is terminated and a pulse mark is generated.

[0025] The channel processing module is used to preset channel threshold parameters through the host computer and divide the channel into several independent channels. Each independent channel corresponds to a specific liquid particle size range. The pulse event is loaded into the corresponding independent channel according to the pulse peak value and accumulated to obtain the channel count value and the corresponding particle size distribution data, thereby completing the detection of liquid particle pulse amplitude.

[0026] Thirdly, a digital logic circuit includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable in the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection method.

[0027] Fourthly, a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection method.

[0028] Fifthly, a computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that, when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection method.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] This invention provides a channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection method. It replaces traditional analog comparator circuits with fully digital signal processing for pulse amplitude detection, eliminating physical limitations such as analog amplifier bandwidth and temperature drift. Furthermore, this invention achieves adaptive baseline correction based on the sliding window averaging method, solving the problem of traditional fixed thresholds being susceptible to noise interference, making it particularly suitable for complex fluid environments. Through dead-time control and peak detection, it effectively avoids pulse overlap misjudgments in high-concentration particle scenarios, increasing the upper limit of the count rate. By pre-setting channel threshold parameters on the host computer and dividing the system into several independent channels, each corresponding to a specific liquid particle size range, multi-particle-range detection can be achieved without hardware modifications.

[0031] Furthermore, by combining photodiodes, low-noise transimpedance amplifiers, and high-speed ADC modules to acquire light pulse signals from liquid particles, high-fidelity conversion of weak light pulse signals can be ensured, the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved, and nanosecond-level sampling can be supported to meet the requirements for liquid particle pulse width detection and avoid signal distortion.

[0032] Furthermore, after the pulse event terminates, subsequent signals are shielded by a preset dead time to avoid repeated counting caused by signal reflection or noise.

[0033] Furthermore, by extracting the pulse rising edge features of the baseline correction digital pulse signal using a first-order difference operator, the pulse start point can be quickly identified, shortening the detection response time.

[0034] Furthermore, based on the calibration data, the channel scale is set, and the channel threshold parameters are further set. Several independent channels are dynamically divided according to the channel threshold parameters. It can adapt to different particle size ranges without hardware modification. The pulse sequence is accurately accumulated through timestamp marking, supports real-time particle size distribution statistics, improves data throughput, and the channel parameters can be adjusted in real time through the host computer to adapt to different liquid media or detection standards. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 A detailed flowchart of a channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection method provided for an embodiment;

[0036] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection method provided for an embodiment;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection system provided for an embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The content described herein is for explanation rather than limitation of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this invention are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such processes, methods, systems, products, or devices.

[0040] In this specification, dead time is a core time control parameter in the pulse detection process. It is defined as the time window during which the system continuously monitors the signal state from the moment the amplitude of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal first falls below the dynamic threshold. If this low-amplitude state (i.e., the amplitude of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal is below the dynamic threshold) lasts for more than the preset dead time, the current pulse event is considered to have ended, the counting is terminated, and the noise shielding mechanism is activated. Its core function is to prevent pulse overlap and noise-induced false triggering, ensuring the independence and detection accuracy of each pulse event.

[0041] Pulse width extraction is achieved by capturing the peak position using a sliding window comparison method and combining the rise time and fall time to calculate the pulse width. The dead time is typically twice the pulse width.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for detecting the pulse amplitude of liquid particles with configurable channels, including the following steps:

[0043] S1, the optical pulse signal of liquid particles is converted into a digital pulse signal and then acquired;

[0044] Specifically, after the photodiode receives the light pulse signal from the liquid particles, it outputs a current pulse signal to a low-noise transimpedance amplifier, which converts the current pulse signal into a voltage pulse signal and then outputs it to a high-speed ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) module. The voltage pulse signal is then converted into a digital pulse signal and input to the digital logic circuit via a serial port for real-time acquisition, and buffered into an internal FIFO (First In, First Out) queue.

[0045] The digital logic circuit is an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) or a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device). The high-speed ADC module uses an analog-to-digital converter, and the sampling rate of the analog-to-digital converter is dynamically matched to the concentration of liquid particles.

[0046] S2. To eliminate the inherent noise of the digital logic circuit acquisition board and the background noise interference introduced by the liquid particle optical pulse signal, dynamic baseline correction technology is used to suppress the noise of the digital pulse signal obtained in S1.

[0047] Specifically, the background noise reference value of the digital pulse signal is calculated using the sliding window mean method. Based on the background noise reference value, a dynamic threshold is preset to filter out noise signals in the digital pulse signal whose amplitude is lower than the dynamic threshold, thereby obtaining a baseline-corrected digital pulse signal.

[0048] The background noise baseline window is calculated in real time using the sliding window averaging method. The background noise baseline window is a fixed-size buffer, where N is the length of the background noise baseline window, thus storing N noise samples. The following introduces the terminology involved in the sliding window averaging method: Real-time flow: Background noise arrives sequentially in time (e.g., one sample arrives at each timestamp t). Sliding update: Whenever a new noise sample x_t arrives, it is added to the end of the window, the first noise sample at the front of the window (arriving earliest in time) is removed, and the average of all N noise samples in the current window is recalculated.

[0049] The detailed calculation steps are as follows (all windows below refer to the background noise reference value window):

[0050] Assumptions: The window length is N, where N is a positive integer, and therefore the window can hold N noise samples. The current time point is t. The newly arrived noise sample is x_t. The data within the current window are x_{t-1}, x_{t-2}, ..., x_{tN} (before x_t was added), where x_{t-1}, x_{t-2}, ..., x_{tN} represent different data points within the current window. The background noise baseline value before the update at time t is μ_{t-1} (which is the mean calculated from the window [x_{t-2}, ..., x_{tN-1}]).

[0051] S2.1, Add a new noise sample and remove the old noise samples. Add the new noise sample x_t to the window, which now contains: x_{t-1}, x_{t-2}, ..., x_{tN}, x_t;

[0052] The oldest data x_{tN} in the window is removed from the window. The window now contains: x_t, x_{t-1}, x_{t-2},..., x_{t-N+1}. The window content is then updated to: x_{t-N+1}, x_{t-N+2}, ..., x_{t-1}, x_t. The window still contains N noisy samples.

[0053] S2.2, Calculate the mean of the new window by directly calculating the arithmetic mean of all N noise samples in the new window using the following formula:

[0054]

[0055] in, The mean of the baseline background noise value estimated at time t. It is an index variable.

[0056] S2.3, output the background noise reference value, and preset the dynamic threshold based on the background noise reference value;

[0057] Specifically, set dynamic thresholds. ,in The standard deviation of background noise. This is an adjustable coefficient. Adjustments should be made based on noise distribution characteristics:

[0058] Gaussian noise =3, this value corresponds to a 99.7% confidence level; impulse noise The value is between 4 and 5; in addition, the adjustable coefficient can be adjusted using the following formula. Perform adaptive adjustments:

[0059]

[0060] in, Based on the value, This is the sensitivity coefficient. The mean of the background noise baseline value, This represents the standard deviation of the background noise baseline value.

[0061] S2.4, through the set dynamic threshold Filter out digital pulse signals with amplitudes lower than The invalid signal is removed to obtain the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal. In this stage, the original digital pulse signal is filtered and shaped using an FIR (Finite Impulse Response) Gaussian filter within the digital logic circuit (FPGA / CPLD) to generate a "Gaussian-like" waveform to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. This is done in conjunction with a first-order differential operator. Extract the pulse rising edge characteristics of the digital pulse signal, where This is the result of the first-order difference. For digital pulse signals at time The value, For digital pulse signals at time The value, This is a discrete-time index.

[0062] S3, Peak Detection, uses digital logic circuits (FPGA / CPLD) with its own parallel processing architecture to detect the peak value of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal in real time. The specific process steps are as follows:

[0063] S3.1, when the amplitude of the baseline correction digital pulse signal first exceeds the dynamic threshold When this occurs, pulse counting is initiated and the event is marked as a valid pulse event;

[0064] S3.2 employs a sliding window comparison method to perform peak detection on the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal. Specifically, it combines the pulse rising edge characteristics of the digital pulse signal extracted by the first-order difference operator in S2, and uses the sliding window comparison to compare and shape the pulse data points. Amplitude comparison is performed, and the pulse peak and peak position of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal are detected by combining the sign change of the first-order difference operator. Instantly determine extreme points, For the previous adjacent pulse data point, This indicates the pulse data point being detected. For the next adjacent pulse data point, Indicates the position of the pulse data point in the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal;

[0065] S3.3, when the amplitude of the baseline correction digital pulse signal falls back to the dynamic threshold If the pulse count is stopped and a pulse marker is generated when the duration exceeds the preset "dead time" (usually twice the pulse width), a countdown counter is used to shield subsequent pulses to prevent accumulated interference.

[0066] S4, channel processing, allows users to customize the number of channels and channel threshold parameters via a host computer, overcoming the physical limitations of traditional hardware multichannel analyzers. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0067] S4.1, the host computer sets the channel scale according to the calibration data (particle size-pulse amplitude relationship). The channel scale is specifically the relationship between particle size and pulse amplitude, and the channel scale has a channel threshold parameter. The channel threshold parameter is transmitted to the internal storage of the digital logic circuit (FPGA / CPLD) through the serial port. The channel threshold parameter is the pulse amplitude.

[0068] S4.2, Digital logic circuits (FPGA / CPLD) divide the pulse amplitude range into multiple independent channels based on channel threshold parameters, with each channel corresponding to a specific particle size range;

[0069] S4.3, based on the pulse peak obtained in S3, the pulse event is loaded into the corresponding independent channel, and the pulse events in each independent channel are accumulated by a multi-channel counter array to form a pulse sequence. The pulse sequence is timestamped to avoid accumulation error under high count rate, and finally the channel count value and corresponding particle size distribution data are obtained.

[0070] S5, after counting stops, the digital logic circuit (FPGA / CPLD) encapsulates the accumulated channel count value and corresponding particle size distribution data of each channel into a data frame, and transmits it to the host computer via a high-speed serial port. The host computer software can dynamically display the concentration of liquid particles of different sizes.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a detection system for detecting the pulse amplitude of liquid particles with configurable channels, including:

[0072] The signal acquisition module is used to convert the light pulse signal of liquid particles into a digital pulse signal for acquisition.

[0073] The dynamic baseline correction and noise suppression module is used to calculate the background noise reference value of the digital pulse signal using the sliding window mean method, preset a dynamic threshold based on the background noise reference value, filter out noise signals with amplitudes lower than the dynamic threshold in the digital pulse signal, and obtain a baseline-corrected digital pulse signal.

[0074] The parallel peak detection module is used to start pulse counting and mark it as a pulse event when the amplitude of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal first exceeds the dynamic threshold, and then perform peak detection on the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal to obtain the pulse peak value and peak position corresponding to the pulse event. When the amplitude of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal is lower than the dynamic threshold and the duration exceeds the preset dead time, the pulse counting is terminated and a pulse mark is generated.

[0075] The channel processing module is used to preset channel threshold parameters through the host computer and divide the channel into several independent channels. Each independent channel corresponds to a specific liquid particle size range. The pulse event is loaded into the corresponding independent channel according to the pulse peak value and accumulated to obtain the channel count value and the corresponding particle size distribution data, thereby completing the detection of liquid particle pulse amplitude.

[0076] The module division in this embodiment of the invention is illustrative and represents only one logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may be used. Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the invention can be integrated into a single processor, exist as separate physical entities, or be integrated into a single module. The integrated modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules.

[0077] This embodiment also provides a computer device, which includes a processor and a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program (in this embodiment, the computer program includes a computing component and an iterative component, capable of model calculation and model updating). The computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is used to execute the program instructions stored in the computer storage medium. The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or it may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing core and control core of the terminal, and is suitable for implementing one or more instructions, specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions in the computer storage medium to realize the corresponding method flow or corresponding function. The processor described in this embodiment can be used in a channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection method.

[0078] This embodiment also provides a storage medium, specifically a computer-readable storage medium (Memory), which is a memory device in a computer device used to store programs and data. It is understood that the computer-readable storage medium here can include both the built-in storage medium in the computer device and extended storage media supported by the computer device. The computer-readable storage medium provides storage space that stores the terminal's operating system. Furthermore, this storage space also stores one or more instructions suitable for loading and execution by a processor. These instructions can be one or more computer programs (including program code). It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium here can be a high-speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. The processor can load and execute one or more instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium to implement the corresponding steps of the channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection method in the above embodiment.

[0079] This embodiment also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the corresponding steps of a channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection method described in the above embodiment.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0081] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0082] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0083] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the pulse amplitude of liquid particles with configurable channels, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The optical pulse signal of liquid particles is converted into a digital pulse signal and then acquired. The background noise reference value of the digital pulse signal is calculated using the sliding window mean method. Based on the background noise reference value, a dynamic threshold is preset to filter out noise signals in the digital pulse signal with amplitudes lower than the dynamic threshold, thereby obtaining a baseline-corrected digital pulse signal. When the amplitude of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal exceeds the dynamic threshold for the first time, pulse counting is started and marked as a pulse event. Peak detection is then performed on the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal to obtain the pulse peak value and peak position corresponding to the pulse event. When the amplitude of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal is lower than the dynamic threshold and the duration exceeds the preset dead time, pulse counting is terminated and a pulse marker is generated. The host computer presets channel threshold parameters and divides the system into several independent channels. Each independent channel corresponds to a specific range of liquid particle size. The pulse event is loaded into the corresponding independent channel according to the pulse peak value and accumulated to obtain the channel count value and the corresponding particle size distribution data, thus completing the detection of liquid particle pulse amplitude. The step of performing peak detection on the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal to obtain the pulse peak value and peak position corresponding to the pulse event specifically includes: The peak value of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal is detected by the sliding window comparison method, and the pulse peak value and peak position corresponding to the pulse event are obtained by combining the first-order differential sign change. The step of presetting channel threshold parameters on the host computer, dividing the system into several independent channels, each corresponding to a specific range of liquid particle sizes, and loading the pulse event into the corresponding independent channel based on the pulse peak value for accumulation to obtain channel count values ​​and corresponding particle size distribution data, specifically includes: Acquire calibration data and set channel scales through a host computer. Set channel threshold parameters based on the channel scales. Divide the system into several independent channels according to the channel threshold parameters. The calibration data is a mapping relationship between liquid particle size and pulse amplitude. The channel threshold parameters are the pulse amplitude. The pulse event is loaded into the corresponding independent channel according to the pulse peak value. The pulse events in each independent channel are accumulated by a multi-channel counter array to form a pulse sequence. The pulse sequence is timestamped to obtain the channel count value and the corresponding particle size distribution data. The channel count value and the corresponding particle size distribution data are encapsulated into a data frame and transmitted to the host computer for display, thus completing the detection of liquid particle pulse amplitude.

2. The method for detecting the pulse amplitude of liquid particles with configurable channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of converting the optical pulse signal of liquid particles into a digital pulse signal and then acquiring it specifically includes: The photodiode receives the light pulse signal from the liquid particles and outputs the current pulse signal to the low-noise transimpedance amplifier. The low-noise transimpedance amplifier converts the current pulse signal into a voltage pulse signal and outputs it to the high-speed ADC module. The high-speed ADC module converts the voltage pulse signal into a digital pulse signal, which is then acquired by digital logic circuitry.

3. The method for detecting the pulse amplitude of liquid particles with configurable channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the step of terminating pulse counting and generating pulse markers, a countdown counter is used to shield subsequent pulses.

4. The method for detecting the pulse amplitude of liquid particles with configurable channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the process of filtering out noise signals with amplitudes lower than the dynamic threshold in the digital pulse signal, a first-order differential operator is used to extract the pulse rising edge features.

5. A detection system for detecting the pulse amplitude of liquid particles with configurable channels, characterized in that, include: The signal acquisition module is used to convert the light pulse signal of liquid particles into a digital pulse signal for acquisition. The dynamic baseline correction and noise suppression module is used to calculate the background noise reference value of the digital pulse signal using the sliding window mean method, preset a dynamic threshold based on the background noise reference value, filter out noise signals with amplitudes lower than the dynamic threshold in the digital pulse signal, and obtain a baseline-corrected digital pulse signal. The parallel peak detection module is used to start pulse counting and mark it as a pulse event when the amplitude of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal first exceeds the dynamic threshold, and then perform peak detection on the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal to obtain the pulse peak value and peak position corresponding to the pulse event. When the amplitude of the baseline-corrected digital pulse signal is lower than the dynamic threshold and the duration exceeds the preset dead time, the pulse counting is terminated and a pulse mark is generated. The channel processing module is used to preset channel threshold parameters through the host computer and divide the channel into several independent channels. Each independent channel corresponds to a specific liquid particle size range. The pulse event is loaded into the corresponding independent channel according to the pulse peak value and accumulated to obtain the channel count value and the corresponding particle size distribution data, thereby completing the detection of liquid particle pulse amplitude.

6. A digital logic circuit, characterized in that, The method includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable in the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

8. A computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the channel-configurable liquid particle pulse amplitude detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

Images