A composite welding device for a lightweight aluminum alloy member

Abstract

The application discloses a composite welding device for a lightweight aluminum alloy component and relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy welding. The composite welding device comprises a degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, the end of the degree-of-freedom mechanical arm is provided with a composite welding mechanism, the lower end of the composite welding mechanism is provided with an angle adjusting mechanism, and the outer wall of the composite welding mechanism is provided with a heat dissipation mechanism. The composite welding mechanism comprises a connecting frame and two groups of fixing frames, the middle of the connecting frame is fixedly provided with a laser welding assembly, the interiors of the two groups of fixing frames are fixedly provided with three groups of wire feeding assemblies, and the wire feeding assemblies are annularly distributed around the laser beam of the laser welding assembly. The application can effectively reduce the deformation of aluminum alloy welding, improve the strength and toughness of the welded joint, improve the welding quality and efficiency, flexibly adjust the included angle between the laser beam and the electric arc, quickly and accurately adjust the angle between the wire feeding assembly and the laser welding assembly according to different welding process requirements, and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy welding, in particular to a composite welding device for lightweight aluminum alloy components. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the rapid development process of modern industry, the aerospace, automobile manufacturing, rail transportation and other fields have increasingly stringent requirements for material performance. Lightweight aluminum alloy components, with a density of only about one-third of that of steel, can achieve comparable or even higher specific strength to steel under certain alloy ratios, as well as excellent corrosion resistance, good thermal and electrical conductivity, and recyclability, etc. significant advantages, become the key material to achieve the goal of equipment lightweight, energy saving and emission reduction. In the field of aerospace, the application of aluminum alloy components can reduce the weight of aircraft, reduce fuel consumption, and improve range and load capacity; in automobile manufacturing, the use of aluminum alloy components can reduce the weight of the vehicle body, improve fuel economy and vehicle handling performance, and therefore has been widely used.

[0003] However, in the prior art, the traditional welding method has obvious limitations in aluminum alloy welding. Although arc welding, as a common welding method, is relatively simple to operate and has low equipment cost, the heat input during welding is large, which can cause large welding deformation of the aluminum alloy component, resulting in component size deviation exceeding the allowable range and affecting its performance. In addition, due to the relatively low energy density of arc welding, the microstructure of the welded joint is coarse, making it difficult to meet the requirements of the aerospace, high-end automobile manufacturing and other fields for high-performance components in terms of strength, toughness and fatigue performance. Although laser welding has the advantages of energy concentration, fast welding speed and small heat-affected zone, it can effectively reduce welding deformation, but it requires high assembly precision of the welding parts, and the gap between the welding parts needs to be strictly controlled within a small range, otherwise it will seriously affect the welding quality. In addition, the weld penetration of laser welding is shallow, and for thick aluminum alloy components, multiple layers and multiple passes are required, which not only increases the welding time and cost, but also easily produces welding defects, limiting its application in thick plate aluminum alloy component welding. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a composite welding device for lightweight aluminum alloy components to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a composite welding device for lightweight aluminum alloy components, comprising a degree of freedom mechanical arm, the end of the degree of freedom mechanical arm is provided with a composite welding mechanism, the lower end of the composite welding mechanism is provided with an angle adjusting mechanism, and the outer wall of the composite welding mechanism is provided with a heat dissipation mechanism.

[0006] The composite welding mechanism comprises a connecting frame and two groups of fixing frames, the middle of the connecting frame is fixedly provided with a laser welding assembly, the interiors of the two groups of fixing frames are fixedly provided with three groups of wire feeding assemblies, and the wire feeding assemblies are distributed in a ring shape around the laser beam of the laser welding assembly, and a welding gun assembly is arranged on the side of the wire feeding assembly;

[0007] The angle adjusting mechanism comprises an assembling plate, a fixing plate, a limiting assembly and two groups of connecting seats, the side of the assembling plate is fixedly provided with an extension rod, the extension end of the extension rod is fixedly provided with a long block, two groups of long holes are formed in the side of the long block, the interiors of the two groups of long holes are slidably provided with movable columns, the lower ends of the two groups of connecting seats are fixedly provided with inclined recesses, the interiors of the two groups of inclined recesses are rotatably provided with rotating shafts, the upper ends of the two groups of fixing frames are fixedly provided with square frames, the other sides of the two groups of movable columns are provided with movable pieces, and the sides of the two groups of movable pieces are provided with long rods.

[0008] Preferably, the side of the connecting frame is fixedly provided with a protective gas supply assembly, the end of the protective gas supply assembly is close to the side of the wire feeding assembly and the laser welding assembly, one end of the connecting frame is detachably fixed with the end of the free degree mechanical arm, one end of the welding gun assembly is fixed with the lower end of the fixing plate, and the outer wall of the connecting frame is fixedly provided with a protective shell.

[0009] Preferably, the outer walls of the two groups of long rods are rotatably provided with stable shaft seats, and the sides of the two groups of rotating shafts respectively penetrate the sides of the two groups of inclined recesses and are respectively fixed with the sides of the long rods.

[0010] Preferably, one end of each of the two groups of square frames is fixed with the outer wall of each of the two groups of rotating shafts, and the upper ends of the stable shaft seats are fixed with the lower end of the fixing plate.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the fixing plate is fixed with the side of the connecting frame, and the upper ends of the two groups of connecting seats and the fixing plate are fixed with the lower end of the connecting frame.

[0012] Preferably, the limiting assembly comprises four groups of sliding clamping blocks, the interiors of the two groups of long holes are provided with sliding grooves, and the side walls in the interiors of the two groups of sliding grooves are fixedly provided with supporting springs.

[0013] Preferably, the inner walls of each two groups of sliding clamping blocks are respectively in contact with the outer walls of one group of movable columns, and the other ends of the four groups of supporting springs are respectively fixed with one end of the four groups of sliding clamping blocks.

[0014] Preferably, each two groups of sliding clamping blocks are slidably arranged in the interior of one group of sliding grooves.

[0015] Preferably, the heat dissipation mechanism comprises two groups of heat conduction plates, one end of each of the two groups of heat conduction plates is fixedly provided with a heat dissipation assembly, and the lower ends of the two groups of heat dissipation assemblies are fixedly provided with heat dissipation fans.

[0016] Preferably, one end of each of the two groups of heat conduction plates is fixed with one end of the connecting frame.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that:

[0018] 1、In the present application, by setting the composite welding mechanism, adopting the laser welding assembly and the electric arc composite welding method, the advantages of laser welding energy concentration, small heat affected zone and electric arc welding high deposition rate and strong bridging ability are combined, which can effectively reduce the welding deformation of aluminum alloy, improve the strength and toughness of the welded joint, and improve the welding quality and efficiency.

[0019] 2、In the present application, by setting the angle adjusting mechanism, the included angle between the laser beam and the electric arc can be flexibly adjusted, the angle between the wire feeding assembly and the laser welding assembly can be quickly and accurately adjusted according to different welding process requirements, the welding wire can be fed into the welding pool at the best angle, the welding quality and efficiency are improved, and the welding adaptability of the device to different types of lightweight aluminum alloy components is enhanced.

[0020] 3、In the present application, by setting the limiting component, the sliding range of the sliding clamp block in the sliding groove can be effectively limited to prevent it from deviating from the normal running track due to external force, ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire adjusting structure during operation, at the same time, the supporting spring can also play a certain buffering role, absorbing the impact force in the movement process, reducing the wear between parts, and prolonging the service life of the adjusting structure.

[0021] 4、In the present application, by setting the heat dissipation component, the temperature of the core components of the welding device can be effectively reduced to avoid problems such as performance degradation and component damage caused by overheating, ensuring that the composite welding device can still operate stably and reliably in a long-time and high-intensity working environment, and providing continuous protection for high-quality welding of lightweight aluminum alloy components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a perspective structural schematic view of a composite welding device for lightweight aluminum alloy components of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the composite welding mechanism, angle adjusting mechanism and heat dissipation mechanism in the composite welding device for lightweight aluminum alloy components of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the fixing frame and angle adjusting mechanism in the composite welding device for lightweight aluminum alloy components of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a perspective view of the angle adjusting mechanism in the composite welding device for lightweight aluminum alloy components of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5It is a long block and telescopic rod structure schematic view of a composite welding device for lightweight aluminum alloy components of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a partial half-section structure schematic view of a limiting assembly of a composite welding device for lightweight aluminum alloy components of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structure schematic view of a fixing frame and a square frame of a composite welding device for lightweight aluminum alloy components of the present application;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a partial bottom view of a composite welding device for lightweight aluminum alloy components of the present application.

[0030] In the figure: 1, a degree of freedom mechanical arm; 2, a composite welding mechanism; 21, a connecting frame; 22, a laser welding assembly; 23, a fixing frame; 24, a wire feeding assembly; 25, a welding gun assembly; 26, a protective gas supply assembly; 3, an angle adjusting mechanism; 31, an assembling plate; 32, a fixing plate; 33, a limiting assembly; 331, a long block; 332, a long hole; 333, a sliding clamp block; 334, a supporting spring; 335, a sliding groove; 34, a connecting seat; 35, a telescopic rod; 36, a movable column; 37, an inclined concave seat; 38, a rotating shaft; 39, a square frame; 310, a long rod; 311, a movable piece; 312, a stabilizing shaft seat; 4, a heat dissipation mechanism; 41, a heat conduction plate; 42, a heat dissipation assembly; 43, a heat dissipation fan; 5, a protective shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] Embodiment one: refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 A composite welding device for lightweight aluminum alloy components, as shown in the figure, comprises a degree of freedom mechanical arm 1, the end of the degree of freedom mechanical arm 1 is provided with a composite welding mechanism 2, the lower end of the composite welding mechanism 2 is provided with an angle adjusting mechanism 3, and the outer wall of the composite welding mechanism 2 is provided with a heat dissipation mechanism 4.

[0033] The composite welding mechanism 2 comprises a connecting frame 21 and two groups of fixing frames 23, the middle of the connecting frame 21 is fixedly provided with a laser welding assembly 22, the interiors of the two groups of fixing frames 23 are fixedly provided with three groups of wire feeding assemblies 24, the wire feeding assemblies 24 are annularly distributed around the laser beam of the laser welding assembly 22, the wire feeding assemblies 24 are provided with welding gun assemblies 25 in the side direction, one side of the connecting frame 21 is fixedly provided with a shielding gas supply assembly 26, the end of the shielding gas supply assembly 26 is close to the side of the wire feeding assemblies 24 and the laser welding assembly 22, one end of the connecting frame 21 is detachably fixed with the end of the freedom mechanical arm 1, one end of the welding gun assembly 25 is fixed with the lower end of the fixed plate 32, and the outer wall of the connecting frame 21 is fixedly provided with the protective shell 5.

[0034] The angle adjusting mechanism 3 comprises an assembling plate 31, a fixed plate 32, a limiting assembly 33 and two groups of connecting seats 34, one side of the assembling plate 31 is fixedly provided with an extension rod 35, the extension end of the extension rod 35 is fixedly provided with a long block 331, two groups of long holes 332 are formed in one side of the long block 331, the interiors of the two groups of long holes 332 are slidably provided with movable columns 36, the lower ends of the two groups of connecting seats 34 are fixedly provided with inclined recesses 37, the interiors of the two groups of inclined recesses 37 are rotatably provided with rotating shafts 38, the upper ends of the two groups of fixing frames 23 are fixedly provided with square frames 39, the other sides of the two groups of movable columns 36 are provided with movable pieces 311, one side of the two groups of movable pieces 311 is provided with long rods 310 in a penetrating mode, the outer walls of the two groups of long rods 310 are rotatably provided with stable shaft seats 312, one side of each of the two groups of rotating shafts 38 penetrates one side of each of the two groups of inclined recesses 37 and is fixed with one side of each of the long rods 310, one end of each of the two groups of square frames 39 is fixed with the outer wall of each of the two groups of rotating shafts 38, the upper ends of the groups of stable shaft seats 312 are fixed with the lower end of the fixed plate 32, one end of the fixed plate 32 is fixed with one side of the connecting frame 21, and the upper ends of the two groups of connecting seats 34 and the fixed plate 32 are fixed with the lower end of the connecting frame 21.

[0035] The limiting assembly 33 comprises four groups of sliding clamping blocks 333, the interiors of the two groups of long holes 332 are provided with sliding grooves 335, the side walls in the interiors of the two groups of sliding grooves 335 are fixedly provided with supporting springs 334, the inner walls of each two groups of sliding clamping blocks 333 are respectively in contact with the outer wall of one group of movable columns 36, the other ends of the four groups of supporting springs 334 are respectively fixed with one end of the four groups of sliding clamping blocks 333, and each two groups of sliding clamping blocks 333 are slidably arranged in the interior of one group of sliding grooves 335.

[0036] In the innovative design of the composite welding device in this embodiment, the layout and connection mode of each component are the key to efficient welding. The laser welding assembly 22, as the energy core, is stably installed on the connecting frame 21 made of high-strength and rigid alloy material, which not only provides stable support for the laser welding assembly 22, but also effectively resists the vibration and thermal stress generated during welding, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the laser beam emission.

[0037] The two sets of fixed frames 23 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the laser welding assembly 22, forming the basic frame of the entire welding system. This symmetrical layout design makes the welding device more evenly stressed during work, reducing the risk of device deformation caused by uneven stress, thereby ensuring the stability of the welding process. The fixed frame 23 is made of lightweight high-strength aluminum alloy material, which not only ensures the structural strength but also reduces the overall weight of the device, in line with the lightweight design concept.

[0038] Multiple wire feeding assemblies 24 are sequentially installed on the two sets of fixed frames 23 and are distributed in a ring shape around the laser beam of the laser welding assembly 22. This layout ensures that the welding wire can be uniformly and timely fed into the welding pool from multiple directions during welding. The wire feeding assembly 24 is equipped with high-precision wire feeding motors and tension adjustment devices, which can accurately control the wire feeding speed and tension according to different welding process requirements, ensuring that the welding wire can be stably and continuously fed into the welding area, providing sufficient filler metal for the formation of high-quality welds.

[0039] The end of the welding gun assembly 25 is arranged close to the wire feeding assembly 24. This close layout design allows the electric arc to be quickly ignited at the end of the welding wire and precisely coupled with the laser beam in the welding area. The welding gun assembly 25 adopts an advanced gas protection structure design, with optimized internal gas channels that can evenly cover the welding pool surface with protective gas, effectively isolating air and preventing aluminum alloy oxidation during welding.

[0040] The protective gas supply assembly 26 is also installed on the connecting frame 21, with one side located beside the wire feeding assembly 24. The protective gas supply assembly 26 is equipped with a large-capacity gas cylinder and a high-precision gas flow adjustment device, which can accurately control the flow and pressure of the protective gas according to the welding process requirements. When the welding device is working, the protective gas supply assembly 26 flows out and is delivered to the welding gun assembly 25 through a specially designed pipeline, forming a stable protective gas curtain in the welding area and providing reliable gas protection for the welding process.

[0041] The composite welding device adopts laser and arc composite welding method, which fully gives play to the advantages of laser welding and arc welding. In the welding process, the laser beam acts on the surface of the aluminum alloy component first due to its high energy density, rapidly melts the metal to form an initial molten pool, and lays a foundation for welding. At the same time, the arc is ignited at the end of the welding wire, which uses its high deposition rate and good bridging capacity to melt and fill the welding wire into the molten pool, expand the welding depth, and the synergistic effect of laser and arc not only reduces the heat input in the aluminum alloy welding process, effectively inhibits the welding deformation, but also significantly improves the strength and toughness of the welded joint. Through this composite welding method, the welding efficiency is greatly improved, which can meet the demand of modern industry for high-efficiency and high-quality welding of lightweight aluminum alloy components;

[0042] The laser welding assembly 22 adopts a high-energy-density fiber laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm, and the output power can be adjusted in the range of 500 W-5000 W; the wire feeding assembly 24, the welding gun assembly 25 and the protective gas supply assembly 26 are combined into an arc welding unit, the arc welding unit selects the cold metal transfer CMT welding technology, the welding power supply provides a current range of 50 A-300 A, and the double-pulse CMT mode can be used, the composite welding mechanism 2 integrates the laser beam and the arc, and the laser beam is focused on the center of the welding pool, and the arc is distributed around the laser beam;

[0043] The wire feeding assembly 24 is responsible for continuously and stably feeding the welding wire into the welding area, which is melted as the filler metal to form a weld. The wire feeding assembly 4 usually includes a wire feeding motor, a wire feeding wheel and a wire feeding hose, etc. The wire feeding motor realizes uniform feeding of the welding wire through precise speed control. The pressure and groove type of the wire feeding wheel need to be matched with the diameter and material of the welding wire to ensure smooth feeding and no damage to the welding wire. The wire feeding hose plays a role in guiding the welding wire, and its flexibility and internal smoothness ensure that the welding wire can be smoothly delivered to the welding gun. When welding aluminum alloy, the wire feeding speed needs to be matched with the welding current, voltage and other parameters according to the welding process requirements to ensure the formation and quality of the weld.

[0044] The welding gun assembly 25 is the execution component of arc welding, which conducts welding current to the welding wire and makes the arc burn stably. The welding gun contains a conductive nozzle with a hole diameter matched with the diameter of the welding wire to ensure good conduction and accurate positioning of the welding wire, so that the arc can be stably generated between the end of the welding wire and the welding piece. At the same time, the welding gun is provided with a gas protection channel connected with the protective gas supply assembly 26, so that the protective gas can be uniformly sprayed from the welding gun nozzle to form a protective gas curtain in the welding area to prevent the aluminum alloy from being oxidized during welding. In addition, the structural design of the welding gun also needs to consider ergonomics to facilitate the operator to hold and operate, especially in long-time welding operation, to reduce the fatigue of the operator.

[0045] The shielding gas supply assembly 26 provides shielding gas for the welding process to prevent the aluminum alloy from reacting with oxygen, nitrogen and the like in the air at high temperature, thereby avoiding welding defects such as oxidation and porosity. In the aluminum alloy welding, high-purity argon is usually used as the shielding gas, and a mixed gas of argon and helium can also be used as needed. The shielding gas supply device includes a gas cylinder, a pressure reducing valve, a flow meter and the like. The gas cylinder stores the shielding gas. The pressure reducing valve reduces the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder to a suitable working pressure. The flow meter is used to accurately control the flow of the shielding gas. A suitable shielding gas flow can ensure that the welding area is fully protected, while avoiding turbulence caused by excessive gas flow, which affects the welding quality.

[0046] The connection frame 21 is fixedly connected to the end of the degree of freedom mechanical arm 1. The two sets of fixing frames 23 are provided to support the wire feeding assembly 24 and are connected to the two sets of square frames 39, facilitating the rotation of the two sets of square frames 39 and the two sets of fixing frames 23.

[0047] In the innovative design of the composite welding device, the ingenious design of the wire feeding assembly and the angle adjusting structure greatly improves the flexibility and adaptability of the device. The structure is based on the connection frame 21 and builds a precise and stable adjusting system with the cooperation of multiple key components.

[0048] The assembly plate 31, the fixing plate 32 and the two sets of connecting seats 34 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connection frame 21, forming the support frame of the entire adjusting structure. The connection frame 21 is made of high-strength alloy material, which has excellent rigidity and deformation resistance, providing a solid foundation for the installation and operation of subsequent components. The assembly plate 31 and the fixing plate 32 are connected to the connection frame 21 by high-strength bolts to ensure the stability of the connection. The two sets of connecting seats 34 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the connection frame 21, and the design fully considers the mechanical balance, further enhancing the structural stability.

[0049] The telescopic rod 35 is vertically installed on one side of the assembly plate 31 and serves as the power source for angle adjustment. The telescopic rod 35 is selected from high-precision electric push rods, which have the characteristics of fast response speed and stable thrust. The stroke and thrust can be accurately adjusted according to actual needs. The two sets of inclined recesses 37 are installed at the lower ends of the two sets of connecting seats 34. The inclined design of the inclined recesses 37 is matched with the rotation of the subsequent shaft 38, providing a stable rotation space for the shaft 38. The shaft 38 is rotatably installed in the inclined recess 37. The shaft 38 is made of wear-resistant alloy steel and the surface is specially treated to reduce the friction coefficient between the shaft 38 and the inclined recess 37, ensuring smooth and durable rotation.

[0050] The long block 331 is installed at the extending end of the telescopic rod 35, which is made of light weight and high strength aviation aluminum material, so as to reduce the weight while ensuring the structural strength. Two groups of long holes 332 are formed on one side of the long block 331. The movable column 36 is slidably installed in the long holes 332. The cooperation precision between the movable column 36 and the long holes 332 is very high, so as to ensure that the movable column 36 is flexible and stable during sliding, and will not shake. The movable part 311 is installed on the outer wall of the movable column 36. The outer walls of the two groups of long rods 310 are fixedly connected with the reserved holes in the movable part 311. One side is fixed with the rotating shaft 38 on one side of the through inclined concave seat 37. This connection mode forms a stable transmission chain, which converts the linear motion of the telescopic rod 35 into the rotation of the rotating shaft 38.

[0051] When the telescopic rod 35 is started, the extending or retracting action drives the movable column 36 to move through the long block 331. During the movement, the movable column 36 slides in the long holes 332. At the same time, under the limiting action of the stable shaft seat 312, the movable column 36 drives the movable part 311 to move, so that the two groups of long rods 310 rotate. The rotation of the long rod 310 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 38, so that the rotating shaft 38 rotates in the inclined concave seat 37. Finally, the fixed frame 23 is driven to rotate through the square frame 39, so as to realize the angle adjustment of the wire feeding assembly 24. During this process, the transmission between the components is accurate and efficient. According to different welding process requirements, the angle between the wire feeding assembly 24 and the laser welding assembly 22 can be quickly and accurately adjusted, so as to ensure that the welding wire can be fed into the welding pool at the best angle, and the welding quality and efficiency are improved.

[0052] In addition, the two groups of sliding grooves 335 formed in the long block 331, the sliding clamping blocks 333 and the supporting springs 334 slidably installed in the sliding grooves 335 constitute a set of exquisite limiting and buffering mechanism. The two groups of sliding clamping blocks 333 in each group of sliding grooves 335 are in close contact with the outer wall of the movable column 36. The four groups of supporting springs 334 are respectively installed between the two inner walls of the sliding grooves 335 and the sliding clamping blocks 333. The supporting springs 334 are made of high elasticity stainless steel material and have good fatigue resistance. During the movement of the movable column 36, the supporting springs 334 apply pressure to the sliding clamping blocks 333, so that they are always in close contact with the movable column 36. The sliding range of the sliding clamping blocks 333 in the sliding grooves 335 is effectively limited, so as to prevent them from deviating from the normal running track due to external force and ensure the stability and reliability of the whole adjusting structure during operation. At the same time, the supporting springs 334 can also play a certain buffering role, absorb the impact force in the movement process, reduce the wear between the components, and prolong the service life of the adjusting structure.

[0053] Embodiment two: according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8As shown, the heat dissipation mechanism 4 includes two groups of heat conduction plates 41, one end of each of the two groups of heat conduction plates 41 is fixedly installed with a heat dissipation assembly 42, the lower end of each of the two groups of heat dissipation assemblies 42 is fixedly installed with a heat dissipation fan 43, and one end of each of the two groups of heat conduction plates 41 is fixed with the two ends of the connecting frame 21, respectively.

[0054] In this embodiment, the heat conduction plates 41 are installed on both sides of the connecting frame 21, the two groups of heat dissipation assemblies 42 are fixed with one side of the two groups of heat conduction plates 41, respectively, and the heat dissipation fans 43 are installed at the lower end of the two groups of heat dissipation assemblies 42;

[0055] The heat conduction plates 41 are made of aluminum alloy material with high strength and good heat conduction performance, the shape of the heat conduction plates 41 is adapted to the side profile of the connecting frame 21, and the heat conduction plates 41 are fixed with the connecting frame 21 by high-precision bolt connection, which not only ensures the firmness of the heat conduction plates 41, but also enables the heat on the connecting frame 21 to be quickly conducted to the heat conduction plates 41, and a dense oxide film is formed on the surface of the heat conduction plates 41 by special anodizing treatment, which not only enhances the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the heat conduction plates 41, but also improves the heat dissipation efficiency to a certain extent;

[0056] The two groups of heat dissipation assemblies 42 are fixed with one side of the two groups of heat conduction plates 41, respectively, the heat dissipation assembly 42 is the core component of the entire heat dissipation system, the heat dissipation assembly 42 adopts a fin structure design and is composed of a plurality of parallel arranged heat dissipation fins, the fins are made of high-purity copper or aluminum material and have extremely high thermal conductivity, the spacing between the fins is precisely calculated and optimized, which can not only ensure the smooth flow of air, but also maximize the heat dissipation area, the heat dissipation assembly 42 and the heat conduction plate 41 are filled with heat-conducting silicone grease and fixed by fastening screws to ensure that they are tightly attached to each other, reduce thermal resistance, and enable the heat to be quickly transferred from the heat conduction plate 41 to the heat dissipation assembly 42;

[0057] The heat dissipation fans 43 are installed at the lower end of the two groups of heat dissipation assemblies 42, the heat dissipation fans 43 are selected from high-speed and low-noise axial flow fans, the fan blades are designed by aerodynamic optimization, which can provide strong air volume while reducing noise, the heat dissipation fans 43 are connected to the control system of the device through waterproof and high-temperature-resistant power lines, the control system can automatically adjust the speed of the heat dissipation fans 43 according to the real-time temperature during the operation of the welding device, when the temperature of the device is low, the heat dissipation fans 43 operate at a low speed to reduce energy consumption and noise; when the temperature of the device rises to a certain threshold, the heat dissipation fans 43 automatically increase the speed to accelerate the air flow speed and enhance the heat dissipation effect;

[0058] In actual work process, the heat generated by the welding device is first conducted to the heat conduction plate 41 through the connecting frame 21, and then transmitted to the heat dissipation assembly 42 by the heat conduction plate 41; the heat dissipation fins dissipate heat to the surrounding air, and the heat dissipation fan 43 accelerates the air flow by forced convection, carries away the heat on the surface of the heat dissipation fins, and forms an efficient heat dissipation cycle. The design of this heat dissipation system can effectively reduce the temperature of the core components of the welding device, avoid problems such as performance degradation and component damage caused by overheating, and ensure that the composite welding device can still operate stably and reliably in a long-time and high-intensity working environment, providing continuous protection for high-quality welding of lightweight aluminum alloy components.

[0059] By setting the degree of freedom mechanical arm 1, and the fixing frame 23 connected thereto, the degree of freedom mechanical arm 1 can drive the composite welding mechanism 2 to move through the fixing frame 23, facilitating welding of the lightweight aluminum alloy component.

[0060] The use method and working principle of the device are as follows: first, install the degree of freedom mechanical arm 1 to the appropriate processing area, then drive the composite welding mechanism 2 to move along the preset welding path, and in the moving process, the wire feeding assembly 24 continuously and stably feeds the welding wire into the welding pool to fill the metal, while the protective gas supplied by the protective gas supply assembly 26 forms a protective gas curtain in the welding area to prevent aluminum alloy oxidation.

[0061] Then, start the welding device, first turn on the laser welding unit, focus the laser beam on the aluminum alloy component to be welded, and form an initial molten pool; then ignite the arc, the arc of the welding gun assembly 25 is generated at the end of the welding wire fed by the wire feeding assembly 24, and the laser and the arc act on the welding area at the same time to start the welding operation.

[0062] Finally, when welding aluminum alloy components of complex shape or different thickness, adjust the angle of the wire feeding assembly 24 according to the actual welding requirements, start the telescopic rod 35, and the telescopic rod 35 drives the two groups of movable columns 36 to move through the long block 331, during which the two groups of movable columns 36 slide inside the two groups of long holes 332, and under the limiting of the multiple stable shaft seats 312, the two groups of movable columns 36 drive the two groups of long rods 310 to rotate through the two groups of movable parts 311, the two groups of long rods 310 drive the two groups of rotating shafts 38 to rotate inside the two groups of inclined concave seats 37, and the two groups of rotating shafts 38 drive the two groups of fixing frames 23 to rotate through the two groups of square frames 39, facilitating the rotation of the two groups of wire feeding assemblies 24 of the two groups of fixing frames 23, and the angle of the two groups of wire feeding assemblies 24 can be adjusted to adapt to the welding requirements of different parts.

[0063] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalent features, by those skilled in the art, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite welding device for lightweight aluminum alloy components, comprising a degree-of-freedom robot arm (1), characterized in that: The end of the degree of freedom mechanical arm (1) is provided with a composite welding mechanism (2), the lower end of the composite welding mechanism (2) is provided with an angle adjusting mechanism (3), and the outer wall of the composite welding mechanism (2) is provided with a heat dissipation mechanism (4); The composite welding mechanism (2) comprises a connecting frame (21) and two groups of fixing frames (23), the middle of the connecting frame (21) is fixedly installed with a laser welding assembly (22), the interiors of the two groups of fixing frames (23) are fixedly installed with three groups of wire feeding assemblies (24), and the wire feeding assemblies (24) are distributed in a ring shape around the laser beam of the laser welding assembly (22); the side of the wire feeding assembly (24) is provided with a welding gun assembly (25); The angle adjusting mechanism (3) comprises an assembling plate (31), a fixed plate (32), a limiting assembly (33) and two groups of connecting seats (34), one side of the assembling plate (31) is fixedly installed with an extension rod (35), the extension end of the extension rod (35) is fixedly installed with a long block (331), two groups of long holes (332) are formed in the side of the long block (331), the interiors of the two groups of long holes (332) are slidably installed with two groups of movable columns (36), the lower ends of the two groups of connecting seats (34) are fixedly installed with two groups of inclined recesses (37), the interiors of the two groups of inclined recesses (37) are rotatably installed with two groups of rotating shafts (38), the upper ends of the two groups of fixing frames (23) are fixedly installed with two groups of square frames (39), the other sides of the two groups of movable columns (36) are fixedly installed with two groups of movable pieces (311), and the sides of the two groups of movable pieces (311) are fixedly installed with two groups of long rods (310).

2. The composite welding apparatus for a lightweight aluminum alloy member according to claim 1, characterized by: One side of the connecting frame (21) is fixedly installed with a protective gas supply assembly (26), the end of the protective gas supply assembly (26) is close to one side of the wire feeding assembly (24) and the laser welding assembly (22), one end of the connecting frame (21) is detachably fixed to the end of the degree of freedom mechanical arm (1), one end of the welding gun assembly (25) is fixed to the lower end of the fixed plate (32), and the outer wall of the connecting frame (21) is fixedly installed with a protective shell (5).

3. The composite welding apparatus for lightweight aluminum alloy members according to claim 1, characterized by: The outer walls of the two groups of long rods (310) are rotatably installed with two groups of stable shaft seats (312), and the sides of the two groups of rotating shafts (38) respectively penetrate the sides of the two groups of inclined recesses (37) and are fixed to the sides of the long rods (310).

4. The composite welding apparatus for a lightweight aluminum alloy member according to claim 3, characterized by: One end of each of the two groups of square frames (39) is fixed to the outer wall of each of the two groups of rotating shafts (38), and the upper ends of the plurality of stable shaft seats (312) are fixed to the lower end of the fixed plate (32).

5. The composite welding apparatus for lightweight aluminum alloy members according to claim 4, characterized by: One end of the fixed plate (32) is fixed to one side of the connecting frame (21), and the upper ends of the two groups of connecting seats (34) and the fixed plate (32) are fixed to the lower end of the connecting frame (21).

6. The composite welding apparatus for lightweight aluminum alloy members according to claim 1, characterized by: The limiting assembly (33) comprises four groups of sliding clamping blocks (333), the interiors of the two groups of long holes (332) are provided with sliding grooves (335), and the side walls in the interiors of the two groups of sliding grooves (335) are fixedly installed with support springs (334).

7. The composite welding apparatus for lightweight aluminum alloy members according to claim 6, characterized by: The inner walls of every two groups of sliding clamping blocks (333) are respectively in contact with the outer wall of one group of movable columns (36), and the other ends of the four groups of support springs (334) are respectively fixed to one end of the four groups of sliding clamping blocks (333).

8. The composite welding apparatus for lightweight aluminum alloy members according to claim 7, characterized by: Each two groups of sliding clamps (333) are slidingly installed inside a group of sliding grooves (335).

9. The composite welding apparatus for lightweight aluminum alloy members according to claim 1, characterized by: The heat dissipation mechanism (4) comprises two groups of heat conduction plates (41), one end of each group of heat conduction plates (41) is fixedly installed with a heat dissipation assembly (42), and the lower end of each group of heat dissipation assemblies (42) is fixedly installed with a heat dissipation fan (43).

10. The composite welding apparatus for lightweight aluminum alloy members according to claim 9, characterized by: One end of each group of heat conduction plates (41) is fixed with two ends of the connecting frame (21) respectively.

Images