A five-axis machine tool with automatic tool change

Abstract

The application discloses a five-axis linkage machine tool capable of automatically replacing a tool and relates to the technical field of five-axis linkage machine tools.The machine tool body is internally provided with an automatic tool replacing assembly, the output end of the machine tool body is rotationally connected with a tool seat, the inner wall of the tool seat is clamped with a tool head, and the inner wall of the tool seat is provided with a dismounting mechanism.The dismounting mechanism comprises a magnetic limiting unit, the magnetic limiting unit is arranged in the inner cavity of the tool seat, the dismounting mechanism further comprises a clamping unit, and the clamping unit is arranged at the bottom of the tool seat.The five-axis linkage machine tool capable of automatically replacing a tool is characterized in that the traditional hydraulic system adsorption is replaced by the magnetic adsorption of an electromagnet and a magnetic ring through the arrangement of the dismounting mechanism, the fastening structure is simplified while the fastening between the tool head and the tool seat is ensured, the maintenance cost is reduced, the response speed is improved, the efficiency of the tool head clamping is improved, and the production cost input is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of five-axis linkage machine tools, in particular to a five-axis linkage machine tool capable of automatically replacing tools. BACKGROUND

[0002] A five-axis linkage machine tool refers to a machine tool capable of simultaneously coordinating the movement of a tool or a workpiece on any two of five different coordinate axes, typically three linear axes X, Y and Z and three rotary axes A, B and C, to achieve high-precision machining of complex curved surfaces or parts. This linkage movement enables the tool to approach the workpiece surface at any angle, thereby completing the machining task of complex shapes.

[0003] Existing five-axis linkage machine tools usually have the function of automatically replacing tools, and when the tool is clamped in the tool holder, a hydraulic system is usually used to adsorb and clamp the tool. However, the hydraulic system includes multiple components such as pumps, valves, cylinders, pipelines and filters, and any failure at any link can cause system failure. The structure is complex, difficult to troubleshoot, and the maintenance cost is high. Energy transfer needs to go through multiple levels of conversion from "motor → pump → valve → actuator", which is low in efficiency and energy loss is converted into heat, requiring a cooling system to increase energy consumption and cost. In addition, high temperature environment can cause the viscosity of hydraulic oil to decrease, increasing the risk of leakage. Therefore, a new tool fastening method is needed to replace the hydraulic system.

[0004] However, we found that the existing five-axis linkage machine tools on the market have difficulty avoiding the above-mentioned problems when in use, thus failing to achieve the desired effect. Therefore, we propose a five-axis linkage machine tool capable of automatically replacing tools. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a five-axis linkage machine tool capable of automatically replacing tools to solve the problems mentioned in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a five-axis linkage machine tool capable of automatically replacing tools, comprising a machine tool body, a tool holder rotatably connected to the output end of the machine tool body, a tool head engaged with the inner wall of the tool holder, and a dismounting mechanism provided on the inner wall of the tool holder.

[0007] The dismounting mechanism comprises a magnetic limiting unit, which is provided in the inner cavity of the tool holder.

[0008] The dismounting mechanism further comprises a clamping unit, which is provided at the bottom of the tool holder and is used for clamping and positioning the tool head.

[0009] The disassembling mechanism further comprises an adaptive fastening unit arranged on the inner wall of the tool holder, which is used in cooperation with the magnetic limiting unit and the clamping unit to stably clamp the tool bit in the tool holder.

[0010] Preferably, the magnetic limiting unit comprises a tapered slot arranged on the inner wall of the tool holder, the tool bit is clamped in the inner cavity of the tapered slot, the inner top of the tapered slot is fixedly connected with an electromagnet, and the top of the tool bit is fixedly connected with a magnetic ring, which is magnetically attracted to the electromagnet.

[0011] Preferably, a placement slot is arranged on the top of the tool bit, a tapered block is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the placement slot, the bottom of the electromagnet is fixedly connected with a containing cylinder, the surface of the containing cylinder is fixedly connected with four connecting rods, one end of the four connecting rods is fixedly connected with a collar, the inner side of the collar is fixedly connected with an air bag, the inner cavity of the containing cylinder is slidably connected with a magnetic block, the magnetic block has the same magnetic pole as the opposite surface of the electromagnet, the magnetic block is pushed to move when the electromagnet is electrified, the bottom of the magnetic block is fixedly connected with a piston, and the magnetic block and the piston are slidably connected in the inner cavity of the containing cylinder. The surface of the containing cylinder is fixedly connected with four air pipes, and the other end of the four air pipes is fixedly communicated with the inner cavity of the air bag.

[0012] Preferably, two guide grooves are oppositely arranged on the inner wall of the containing cylinder, two guide blocks are fixedly connected to the surface of the magnetic block, the surface of the guide block is slidably connected with the inner cavity of the guide groove, and the top of the magnetic block is fixedly connected with a first tension spring, one end of the first tension spring is fixedly connected with the bottom of the electromagnet.

[0013] Preferably, the clamping unit comprises a heat insulation block fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool holder, the heat insulation block is made of a vacuum heat insulation plate, two containing grooves are oppositely arranged on the inner wall of the heat insulation block, an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the containing groove, the telescopic end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with a moving block, the moving block is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the containing groove, the bottom of the moving block is fixedly connected with an extension block, a through groove is arranged on the bottom of the heat insulation block, the extension block is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the through groove, the bottom of the extension block is fixedly connected with a clamping block, and high friction pads are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two clamping blocks. The high friction pads are made of ceramic fiber material, and the two high friction pads are used to clamp the surface of the tool bit.

[0014] Preferably, the self-adaptive fastening unit comprises a heat-resistant bag fixedly connected to the inner side of the conical groove, the heat-resistant bag is made of basalt fiber, the inner wall of the cutter seat is provided with two storage grooves, the inner cavities of the two storage grooves are fixedly and communicatively connected with a through pipe, one end of the through pipe is fixedly and communicatively connected with the inner cavity of the heat-resistant bag, the inner cavity of the storage groove is filled with heat-conducting oil, the inner wall of the through pipe is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic valve, one side of the electromagnetic valve is provided with a monitoring assembly, and the monitoring assembly is used for monitoring the reverse flow of the heat-conducting oil.

[0015] Preferably, the inner wall of the storage groove is slidably connected with a pushing block, the pushing block is made of rubber material, the bottom of the pushing block is fixedly connected with a positioning block, the bottom of the positioning block is fixedly connected with an extension rod, the inner bottom of the storage groove is provided with a sliding hole, the sliding hole is communicated with the containing groove, the extension rod is slidably connected with the inner cavity of the sliding hole, the bottom end of the extension rod is fixedly connected with an inclined block, and the top of the moving block is provided with an inclined groove for realizing the vertical displacement of the inclined block.

[0016] Preferably, the inner cavity of the sliding hole is provided with two limiting grooves, the two sides of the inclined block are fixedly connected with limiting strips, the surface of the limiting strip is slidably connected with the inner cavity of the limiting groove, and the surface of the extension rod is slidably sleeved with a first spring, and the two ends of the first spring are fixedly connected with the top of the inclined block and the inner top of the sliding hole respectively.

[0017] Preferably, the monitoring assembly comprises a groove provided on one side of the electromagnetic valve, a pressure sensor fixedly connected in the inner cavity of the groove, an elastic film fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove, the elastic film being used for closing the groove, the elastic film being in contact with the heat-conducting oil on one side, a positioning piece fixedly connected to the center of the side of the elastic film close to the pressure sensor, an extrusion rod fixedly connected to one side of the positioning piece, and the extrusion rod being in contact with the input end of the pressure sensor.

[0018] Preferably, the surface of the positioning piece is fixedly connected with two guide rods, one end of the guide rod is rotatably connected with a rotating rod, the inner side of the groove is provided with a guide groove, and the rotating rod is slidably connected with the inner cavity of the guide groove.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0020] 1、By setting the magnetic limiting mechanism, the magnetic adsorption of the cutter head can be realized, the cutter head is magnetically adsorbed and positioned in the inner cavity of the cutter seat, the inflation of the air bag and the embedding of the conical block are realized, the vertical and horizontal movement of the cutter head is limited, and the fastening of the cutter head after being installed in the cutter seat is improved.

[0021] 2、The utility model discloses through being provided with clamping unit, can realize the clamping of tool bit through the clamping of clamping block and high friction pad, increase the friction between tool bit and high friction pad, thereby strengthen the restriction of tool bit in the rotation direction, strengthen the stability after tool bit installation.

[0022] 3、The utility model discloses through being provided with self -adaptation fastening unit, can realize the monitoring of tool bit swing, in time control electric pushrod continues to clamp tool bit, and increase the expansion of heat -resistant capsule simultaneously, thereby realize the fastening of tool bit in real time, through the setting of dismounting mechanism, through the magnetic adsorption of electromagnet and magnetic ring replaces traditional hydraulic system adsorption, guarantees the fastening between tool bit and tool holder at the same time, simplifies fastening structure, reduces maintenance cost, and promotes response speed, promotes the efficiency when tool head clamping, reduces the production cost input. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is whole structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is three -dimensional schematic diagram of tool holder of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is three -dimensional enlarged view of A place in the utility model; Figure 2

[0026] Figure 4 It is split schematic diagram of tool holder and tool head of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 It is three -dimensional enlarged schematic diagram of B place in the utility model; Figure 4

[0028] Figure 6 It is split schematic diagram of magnetic block, piston and containing cylinder of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 It is second embedding schematic diagram of tool holder and tool head of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 8 It is three -dimensional enlarged schematic diagram of C place in the utility model; Figure 7

[0031] Figure 9 It is schematic diagram of conical groove of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 10 It is three -dimensional enlarged schematic diagram of D place in the utility model; Figure 9

[0033] Figure 11 It is three -dimensional split schematic diagram of monitoring component of the utility model.

[0034] ​​​​In the figure: 1, machine tool body; 11, tool holder; 12, tool head; 2, dismounting mechanism; 2101, conical groove; 2102, electromagnet; 2103, magnetic ring; 2104, placing groove; 2105, conical block; 2106, containing cylinder; 2107, connecting rod; 2108, collar; 2109, air bag; 2110, magnetic block; 2111, piston; 2112, air pipe; 2113, guide groove; 2114, guide block; 2115, first tension spring; 22, clamping unit; 2201, heat insulation block; 2202, containing groove; 2203, electric push rod; 2204, moving block; 2205, extension block; 2206, through groove; 2207, clamping block; 2208, high friction pad; 23, self-adaptive fastening unit; 2301, heat-resistant bag; 2302, storage groove; 2303, through pipe; 2304, first spring; 2305, electromagnetic valve; 2306, pushing block; 2307, positioning block; 2308, extension rod; 2309, sliding hole; 2310, inclined block; 2311, inclined groove; 2312, limiting groove; 2313, limiting strip; 3, monitoring assembly; 301, groove; 302, pressure sensor; 303, elastic film; 304, positioning sheet; 305, extrusion rod; 306, guide rod; 307, rotating rod; 308, guide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1-11 The present application provides a technical solution: an automatic tool changing five-axis linkage machine tool, comprising a machine tool body 1, the output end of the machine tool body 1 is rotationally connected with a tool holder 11, the inner wall of the tool holder 11 is clamped with a tool head 12, the automatic tool changing is a mature technology, mainly through the rotation of the circular tool holder embedded with multiple tool heads 12, cooperating with the downward movement of the tool holder 11, so that the tool holder 11 is embedded with the required tool head 12, realizing the rapid installation of the tool head 12, the inner wall of the tool holder 11 is provided with a dismounting mechanism 2;

[0037] The dismounting mechanism 2 comprises a magnetic limiting unit 21, which is arranged in the inner cavity of the tool holder 11;

[0038] The dismounting mechanism 2 further comprises a clamping unit 22, which is arranged at the bottom of the tool holder 11, and is used for clamping and positioning the tool head 12;

[0039] The disassembling and assembling mechanism 2 further comprises an adaptive fastening unit 23 arranged on the inner wall of the tool holder 11, which is used in cooperation with the magnetic limiting unit 21 and the clamping unit 22 to stably clamp the tool head 12 in the tool holder 11.

[0040] As a further limitation of the disassembling and assembling mechanism 2, the magnetic limiting unit 21 comprises a tapered groove 2101 arranged on the inner wall of the tool holder 11, the tool head 12 is clamped in the inner cavity of the tapered groove 2101, the inner top of the tapered groove 2101 is fixedly connected with an electromagnet 2102, the top of the tool head 12 is fixedly connected with a magnetic ring 2103, and the magnetic ring 2103 is magnetically attracted to the electromagnet 2102; by arranging the tapered groove 2101, the top of the tool head 12 is also tapered, the stability of the tool head 12 after being embedded in the tool holder 11 is enhanced by the clamping of the tapered top of the tool head 12 and the tapered groove 2101, and after the electromagnet 2102 is electrified, it can be closely magnetically adsorbed with the magnetic ring 2103, providing strong adsorption force for the tool head 12 after being embedded in the tool holder 11, and ensuring the fastening between the tool head 12 and the tool holder 11.

[0041] The top of the tool bit 12 is provided with a placing groove 2104, the inner bottom wall of the placing groove 2104 is fixedly connected with a tapered block 2105, the bottom of an electromagnet 2102 is fixedly connected with a containing cylinder 2106, the surface of the containing cylinder 2106 is fixedly connected with four connecting rods 2107, one end of the four connecting rods 2107 is commonly fixedly connected with a collar 2108, the inner side of the collar 2108 is fixedly connected with an air bag 2109, the inner cavity of the containing cylinder 2106 is slidably connected with a magnetic block 2110, the magnetic block 2110 is of the same magnetic pole as that of the opposite surface of the electromagnet 2102, the electromagnet 2102 drives the magnetic block 2110 to move when electrified, the bottom of the magnetic block 2110 is fixedly connected with a piston 2111, the magnetic block 2110 and the piston 2111 are slidably connected in the inner cavity of the containing cylinder 2106, the surface of the containing cylinder 2106 is fixedly connected with four air pipes 2112, the other end of the four air pipes 2112 is fixedly communicated with the inner cavity of the air bag 2109; through the cooperation of the tapered block 2105, the containing cylinder 2106, the connecting rod 2107, the collar 2108, the air bag 2109, the magnetic block 2110, the piston 2111 and the air pipe 2112, when the top end of the tool bit 12 is embedded in the tool seat 11, the tapered block 2105 in the placing groove 2104 is embedded in the inner ring of the collar 2108, the stable connection of the collar 2108 and the containing cylinder 2106 is realized through the four connecting rods 2107, when the electromagnet 2102 is connected to the power supply, strong magnetism is generated to push the magnetic block 2110, the magnetic block 2110 pushes the piston 2111 when moving, the air in the containing cylinder 2106 is compressed to flow to the air pipe 2112, and then enters the air bag 2109 through the air pipe 2112, the air bag 2109 is inflated and tightly embedded with the bottom of the tapered block 2105, thereby limiting the tapered block 2105 and enhancing the stability of the tool bit 12 embedded in the tool seat 11.

[0042] The inner wall of the containing cylinder 2106 is oppositely provided with two guide grooves 2113, the surface of the magnetic block 2110 is fixedly connected with two guide blocks 2114, the surface of the guide block 2114 is slidably connected with the inner cavity of the guide groove 2113, the top of the magnetic block 2110 is fixedly connected with a first tension spring 2115, one end of the first tension spring 2115 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the electromagnet 2102; through the cooperation of the guide groove 2113 and the guide block 2114, the movement track of the magnetic block 2110 is guided, and the stability of the magnetic block 2110 when moving is improved, when the magnetic block 2110 is pushed, the first tension spring 2115 is stretched, and when the electromagnet 2102 is disconnected from the power supply and loses magnetism, the magnetic block 2110 is reversely reset through the reaction force of the first spring 2304.

[0043] The specific implementation of the embodiment is: when the tool bit 12 needs to be replaced on the machine tool body 1, the conical end of the tool bit 12 is inserted into the conical groove 2101 of the tool holder 11 through the automatic tool changing function of the machine tool body 1, and when the top end of the tool bit 12 is completely inserted into the tool holder 11, the bottom surface of the electromagnet 2102 contacts the top surface of the magnetic ring 2103, the conical block 2105 in the placing groove 2104 is inserted into the inner ring of the sleeve ring 2108, and the sleeve ring 2108 is stably connected with the containing cylinder 2106 through the four connecting rods 2107; when the electromagnet 2102 is connected to the power supply through the controller of the machine tool body 1, strong magnetism is generated, the electromagnet 2102 is closely attached to the magnetic ring 2103, and the magnetism generated by the electromagnet 2102 pushes the magnetic block 2110 of the same polarity; when the magnetic block 2110 moves, the guide block 2114 is slid in the inner cavity of the guide groove 2113, the movement track of the magnetic block 2110 in the containing cylinder 2106 is guided, and the stability of the magnetic block 2110 during movement is increased; when the magnetic block 2110 moves, the piston 2111 is pushed, so that the air in the containing cylinder 2106 is compressed and flows to the air pipe 2112, enters the air bag 2109 through the air pipe 2112, and the air bag 2109 is inflated and tightly combined with the bottom of the conical block 2105, so as to limit the conical block 2105 and increase the stability of the tool bit 12 after being inserted into the tool holder 11; in the air bag 2109, aramid fiber is woven into a net structure and embedded in the inside of the air bag 2109, so as to provide additional support during expansion and improve the hardness and anti-deformation ability of the air bag 2109; the aramid fiber has high strength and modulus, light weight, good heat resistance and chemical stability.

[0044] Embodiment 2: see Figures 1-11 The present application provides a technical solution: an automatic tool changing five-axis linkage machine tool, which improves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0045] As a further limitation of the dismounting mechanism 2 of the application, the clamping unit 22 comprises a heat insulation block 2201 fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool holder 11, the heat insulation block 2201 is made of vacuum heat insulation board, two accommodating grooves 2202 are oppositely formed in the inner wall of the heat insulation block 2201, an electric push rod 2203 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the accommodating groove 2202, a moving block 2204 is fixedly connected to the extension end of the electric push rod 2203, the moving block 2204 is slidingly connected to the inner cavity of the accommodating groove 2202, an extension block 2205 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving block 2204, a through groove 2206 is formed in the bottom of the heat insulation block 2201, the extension block 2205 is slidingly connected to the inner cavity of the through groove 2206, a clamping block 2207 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extension block 2205, a high friction pad 2208 is fixedly connected to the opposite side of each clamping block 2207, the high friction pad 2208 is made of ceramic fiber material, and the two high friction pads 2208 are used for clamping the surface of the tool bit 12; through the cooperation of the heat insulation block 2201, the accommodating groove 2202, the electric push rod 2203, the moving block 2204, the extension block 2205, the clamping block 2207 and the high friction pad 2208, the heat insulation block 2201 can effectively insulate the heat generated by the tool bit 12 during work, avoiding the influence of high temperature on the electric push rod 2203, the accommodating groove 2202 provides sufficient space for the installation of the electric push rod 2203, after the top end of the tool bit 12 is attracted by the electromagnet 2102, the controller of the machine tool body 1 starts the two electric push rods 2203 at the same time, the extension ends of the two electric push rods 2203 extend, the moving block 2204 slides in the inner cavity of the accommodating groove 2202, the movement of the moving block 2204 drives the extension block 2205 to move in the inner cavity of the through groove 2206, the movement of the two extension blocks 2205 drives the two clamping blocks 2207 to move close to each other, the movement of the two clamping blocks 2207 drives the two high friction pads 2208 to move close to each other, thereby clamping the tool bit 12 located between the two high friction pads 2208, the high friction pad 2208 is made of ceramic fiber material, which can increase the friction between the tool bit 12 and the high friction pad 2208, resist the high temperature during the work of the tool bit 12, and prolong the service life of the high friction pad 2208, thereby realizing stable clamping of the tool bit 12 after installation, and increasing the stability of the tool bit 12 after installation.

[0046] The specific implementation of the embodiment is that when the top end of the tool bit 12 is adsorbed by the electromagnet 2102, the controller of the machine tool body 1 simultaneously starts two electric push rods 2203, the telescopic ends of the two electric push rods 2203 extend, push the moving block 2204 to slide in the inner cavity of the accommodating groove 2202, the movement of the moving block 2204 drives the extension block 2205 to move in the inner cavity of the through groove 2206, the movement of the two extension blocks 2205 drives the two clamping blocks 2207 to move close to each other, the movement of the two clamping blocks 2207 drives the two high-friction pads 2208 to move close to each other, so as to clamp the tool bit 12 located between the two high-friction pads 2208, the high-friction pads 2208 are made of ceramic fiber material, which can increase the friction between the tool bit 12 and resist the high temperature of the tool bit 12 during work, thereby prolonging the service life of the high-friction pads 2208.

[0047] Embodiment 3: see Figures 1-11 The present application provides a technical solution: an automatic tool changing five-axis linkage machine tool, which improves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0048] As a further limitation of the dismounting mechanism 2 of the present application, the self-adaptive fastening unit 23 comprises a heat-resistant bag 2301 fixedly connected to the inner side of the conical groove 2101, the heat-resistant bag 2301 is made of basalt fiber, the inner wall of the tool holder 11 is provided with two storage grooves 2302, the inner cavities of the two storage grooves 2302 are fixedly communicated with a through pipe 2303, one end of the through pipe 2303 is fixedly communicated with the inner cavity of the heat-resistant bag 2301, the inner cavity of the storage groove 2302 is filled with heat-conducting oil, the inner wall of the through pipe 2303 is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic valve 2305, one side of the electromagnetic valve 2305 is provided with a monitoring assembly 3, the monitoring assembly 3 is used for monitoring the reverse flow of the heat-conducting oil; by cooperation of the heat-resistant bag 2301, the storage groove 2302, the through pipe 2303, the electromagnetic valve 2305 and the monitoring assembly 3, when the monitoring assembly 3 is triggered, the controller of the machine tool body 1 drives the clamping unit 22 to clamp the tool bit 12 more tightly, at the same time of the operation of the clamping unit 22, the heat-conducting oil in the storage groove 2302 is pushed to enter the inner cavity of the heat-resistant bag 2301 through the through pipe 2303 and the opened electromagnetic valve 2305, the electromagnetic valve 2305 is closed after filling, in the initial state, the extrusion force of the heat-conducting oil in the heat-resistant bag 2301 can realize the filling of the gap between the tool bit 12 and the tool holder 11 in the stable state, after the monitoring assembly 3 monitors the backflow of the heat-conducting oil, the heat-conducting oil in the heat-resistant bag 2301 is timely supplemented and increased, so as to increase the transverse extrusion force of the tool bit 12 and increase the stability of the tool bit 12 installed in the tool holder 11.

[0049] The inner wall of the storage tank 2302 is slidingly connected with a pushing block 2306 made of rubber material. The bottom of the pushing block 2306 is fixedly connected with a positioning block 2307. The bottom of the positioning block 2307 is fixedly connected with an extension rod 2308. The inner bottom of the storage tank 2302 is provided with a sliding hole 2309 in communication with the containing groove 2202. The extension rod 2308 is slidingly connected in the inner cavity of the sliding hole 2309. The bottom end of the extension rod 2308 is fixedly connected with an inclined block 2310. The top of the moving block 2204 is provided with an inclined groove 2311 for realizing the vertical displacement of the inclined block 2310. Through the cooperation of the pushing block 2306, the positioning block 2307, the extension rod 2308, the sliding hole 2309, the inclined block 2310 and the inclined groove 2311, when the monitoring assembly 3 is triggered, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 2203 extends to drive the moving block 2204 to move. The movement of the moving block 2204 pushes the inclined block 2310 upward through the inclined groove 2311. The upward movement of the inclined block 2310 pushes the extension rod 2308 to move upward. The upward movement of the extension rod 2308 pushes the positioning block 2307 and the pushing block 2306 to move upward in the inner cavity of the storage tank 2302, so as to push the heat conducting oil in the storage tank 2302 into the heat-resistant bag 2301 through the pipe 2303, increase the expansion degree of the heat-resistant bag 2301, increase the extrusion force on the tool bit 12, and thus improve the fastening of the tool bit 12 installed on the tool holder 11.

[0050] The inner cavity of the sliding hole 2309 is provided with two limiting grooves 2312. The two sides of the inclined block 2310 are fixedly connected with limiting strips 2313. The surface of the limiting strip 2313 is slidingly connected with the inner cavity of the limiting groove 2312. The surface of the extension rod 2308 is slidingly sleeved with a first spring 2304. The two ends of the first spring 2304 are fixedly connected with the top of the inclined block 2310 and the inner top of the sliding hole 2309, respectively. Through the cooperation of the limiting groove 2312, the limiting strip 2313 and the first spring 2304, when the inclined block 2310 moves upward, the limiting strip 2313 and the limiting groove 2312 are embedded and guided to realize the guiding of the moving track of the inclined block 2310 when it moves upward, increase the stability of the vertical movement of the inclined block 2310, and compress the first spring 2304 when the inclined block 2310 moves upward. When the inclined block 2310 loses the pushing force, the reaction force of the first spring 2304 can realize the vertical reset of the inclined block 2310.

[0051] The monitoring assembly 3 comprises a groove 301 opened on one side of the electromagnetic valve 2305, the inner cavity of the groove 301 is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor 302, the inner wall of the groove 301 is fixedly connected with an elastic film 303, the elastic film 303 is used for closing the groove 301, one side of the elastic film 303 is in contact with the heat conducting oil, the center of the side of the elastic film 303 close to the pressure sensor 302 is fixedly connected with a positioning sheet 304, one side of the positioning sheet 304 is fixedly connected with an extrusion rod 305, the extrusion rod 305 is in contact with the input end of the pressure sensor 302; through the cooperation of the groove 301, the pressure sensor 302, the elastic film 303, the positioning sheet 304 and the extrusion rod 305, under the normal state, the pressure sensor 302 is in a constant pressure, when the tool bit 12 shakes in the tool holder 11, the heat-resistant bag 2301 is irregularly extruded, the extrusion force is generated to the heat conducting oil in the heat-resistant bag 2301, the heat conducting oil is extruded, the elastic film 303 is extruded, the elastic film 303 is extruded, the positioning sheet 304 and the extrusion rod 305 are driven to move, the extrusion rod 305 extrudes the input end of the pressure sensor 302, the irregular pressure value is generated, the pressure sensor 302 transmits the digital signal to the controller to drive the clamping unit 22, which is the existing mature technology, so it is not repeated, so as to realize the monitoring of the shaking of the tool bit 12, and the clamping unit 22 is controlled in time to clamp the tool bit 12.

[0052] The surface of the positioning sheet 304 is fixedly connected with two guide rods 306, one end of the guide rod 306 is rotatably connected with a rotating rod 307, the inner side of the groove 301 is provided with a guide groove 308, and the rotating rod 307 is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the guide groove 308; through the cooperation of the guide rod 306, the rotating rod 307 and the guide groove 308, the guidance of the movement of the positioning sheet 304 can be realized, the positioning sheet 304 can accurately drive the extrusion rod 305 to move, and the accurate input of the input end of the pressure sensor 302 is realized.

[0053] The specific implementation of the embodiment is that when the tool head 12 shakes in the tool seat 11, the heat-resistant bag 2301 is irregularly extruded, the heat-conducting oil in the heat-resistant bag 2301 is extruded, the elastic film 303 is extruded, the elastic film 303 is extruded, the positioning sheet 304 and the extrusion rod 305 are moved, the extrusion rod 305 extrudes the input end of the pressure sensor 302, an irregular pressure value is generated, the pressure sensor 302 transmits a digital signal to the controller, which is a mature technology and will not be described in detail, the pressure sensor 302 monitors the pressure fluctuation of the heat-conducting oil in the heat-resistant bag 2301, and the controller of the machine tool body 1 starts the electric push rod 2203, the extension end of the electric push rod 2203 is extended, the moving block 2204 is moved, the movement of the moving block 2204 realizes upward pushing of the inclined block 2310 through the inclined groove 2311, the upward movement of the inclined block 2310, when the inclined block 2310 moves upward, the limiting strip 2313 slides in the inner cavity of the limiting groove 2312, thereby realizing stable guidance of the upward movement of the inclined block 2310 in the sliding hole 2309, the upward movement of the inclined block 2310 pushes the extension rod 2308 to move upward, the upward movement of the extension rod 2308 pushes the positioning block 2307 and the pushing block 2306 to move upward in the inner cavity of the storage groove 2302, thereby pushing the heat-conducting oil in the storage groove 2302 into the heat-resistant bag 2301 through the pipe 2303, increasing the expansion degree of the heat-resistant bag 2301 and the extrusion force on the tool head 12, thereby improving the fastening of the tool head 12 after being installed in the tool seat 11, when it is necessary to disassemble the tool head 12, the controller of the machine tool body 1 controls the electromagnet 2102 to disconnect the power supply, cancels the electromagnetic adsorption of the magnetic ring 2103, thereby disconnecting the magnetic adsorption of the tool head 12, and at the same time, the reaction force of the first tension spring 2115 also drives the magnetic block 2110 and the piston 2111 to reset, thereby pumping the air in the air bag 2109 into the containing cylinder 2106, the deflated air bag 2109 loses the limiting of the conical block 2105, and at the same time, the controller of the machine tool body 1 controls the extension end of the two electric push rods 2203 to retract, drives the clamping block 2207 and the high-friction pad 2208 to cancel the clamping of the tool head 12, at the same time, with the retraction of the extension end of the electric push rod 2203, the moving block 2204 moves back, thereby canceling the extrusion of the inclined block 2310 by the inclined groove 2311, realizing the downward reset of the inclined block 2310 through the reaction force of the first spring 2304, thereby driving the pushing block 2306 to move downward in the inner cavity of the storage groove 2302, generating suction, at this time, the electromagnetic valve 2305 is opened, the heat-conducting oil in the heat-resistant bag 2301 is sucked into the storage groove 2302 through the pipe 2303 and the electromagnetic valve 2305, the heat-resistant bag 2301 is no longer expanded, loses the extrusion of the tool head 12, thereby canceling the limiting of the tool head 12, and realizing the easy disassembly of the tool head 12.

[0054] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting; it is not intended to exclude myriad other embodiments of the present application that other inventors can develop based on the same general inventive concepts embodied by the described embodiments. That is, although the present application is described in terms of particular embodiments and implementations, it is to be understood that the terminology used is for the purpose of descriptive clarity and that it is intended to be limited only by the words recited in the appended claims. It is to be understood that the terms such as first and second, etc., merely are used to differentiate one from another without necessarily requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between such entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0055] While the embodiments of the application have been shown and described herein, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to these embodiments and that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made thereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic tool changing five-axis linkage machine tool, comprising a machine tool body (1), the output end of the machine tool body (1) is rotatably connected with a tool holder (11), the inner wall of the tool holder (11) is clamped with a tool head (12), characterized in that: The inner wall of the tool holder (11) is provided with a dismounting mechanism (2); The dismounting mechanism (2) comprises a magnetic limiting unit (21), which is arranged in the inner cavity of the tool holder (11); The dismounting mechanism (2) further comprises a clamping unit (22), which is arranged at the bottom of the tool holder (11) and is used for clamping and positioning the tool bit (12); The dismounting mechanism (2) further comprises a self-adaptive fastening unit (23), which is arranged on the inner wall of the tool holder (11), and is used in cooperation with the magnetic limiting unit (21) and the clamping unit (22) to stably clamp the tool bit (12) in the tool holder (11); The magnetic limiting unit (21) comprises a tapered groove (2101) formed in the inner wall of the tool holder (11), the tool bit (12) is clamped in the inner cavity of the tapered groove (2101), the inner top of the tapered groove (2101) is fixedly connected with an electromagnet (2102), and the top of the tool bit (12) is fixedly connected with a magnetic ring (2103), the magnetic ring (2103) and the electromagnet (2102) are magnetically attracted to each other; The clamping unit (22) comprises a heat insulation block (2201) fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool holder (11), the heat insulation block (2201) is made of a vacuum heat insulation plate, two accommodating grooves (2202) are oppositely formed in the inner wall of the heat insulation block (2201), an electric push rod (2203) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each accommodating groove (2202), a moving block (2204) is fixedly connected to the extension end of the electric push rod (2203), the moving block (2204) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the accommodating groove (2202), an extension block (2205) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving block (2204), a through groove (2206) is formed in the bottom of the heat insulation block (2201), the extension block (2205) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the through groove (2206), a clamping block (2207) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extension block (2205), high-friction pads (2208) are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two clamping blocks (2207), the high-friction pads (2208) are made of ceramic fiber material, and the two high-friction pads (2208) are used for clamping the surface of the tool bit (12). The adaptive fastening unit (23) comprises a heat-resistant bag (2301) fixedly connected to the inner side of the conical groove (2101), the heat-resistant bag (2301) is made of basalt fiber, the inner wall of the tool holder (11) is provided with two storage grooves (2302), the inner cavities of the two storage grooves (2302) are fixedly communicated with a through pipe (2303), one end of the through pipe (2303) is fixedly communicated with the inner cavity of the heat-resistant bag (2301), the inner cavity of the storage groove (2302) is filled with heat-conducting oil, the inner wall of the through pipe (2303) is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic valve (2305), one side of the electromagnetic valve (2305) is provided with a monitoring assembly (3), and the monitoring assembly (3) is used for monitoring the reverse flow of heat-conducting oil.

2. The automatic tool changing five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the tool head (12) is provided with a placing groove (2104), the inner bottom wall of the placing groove (2104) is fixedly connected with a conical block (2105), the bottom of the electromagnet (2102) is fixedly connected with a containing cylinder (2106), the surface of the containing cylinder (2106) is fixedly connected with four connecting rods (2107), one end of the four connecting rods (2107) is fixedly connected with a sleeve ring (2108), the inner side of the sleeve ring (2108) is fixedly connected with an air bag (2109), the inner cavity of the containing cylinder (2106) is slidably connected with a magnetic block (2110), the magnetic block (2110) has the same magnetic pole as the opposite surface of the electromagnet (2102), the magnetic block (2110) is pushed to move when the electromagnet (2102) is electrified, the bottom of the magnetic block (2110) is fixedly connected with a piston (2111), and the magnetic block (2110) and the piston (2111) are slidably connected in the inner cavity of the containing cylinder (2106). The surface of the containing cylinder (2106) is fixedly communicated with four air pipes (2112), and the other ends of the four air pipes (2112) are fixedly communicated with the inner cavities of the air bags (2109).

3. The automatic tool changing five-axis machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the containing cylinder (2106) is relatively provided with two guide grooves (2113), the surface of the magnetic block (2110) is fixedly connected with two guide blocks (2114), the surface of the guide block (2114) is slidably connected with the inner cavity of the guide groove (2113), and the top of the magnetic block (2110) is fixedly connected with a first tension spring (2115). One end of the first tension spring (2115) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the electromagnet (2102).

4. The automatic tool changing five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the tank (2302) is slidably connected with a pushing block (2306), the pushing block (2306) is made of rubber material, the bottom of the pushing block (2306) is fixedly connected with a positioning block (2307), the bottom of the positioning block (2307) is fixedly connected with an extension rod (2308), the inner bottom of the tank (2302) is provided with a sliding hole (2309), the sliding hole (2309) is communicated with the containing groove (2202), the extension rod (2308) is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the sliding hole (2309), the bottom end of the extension rod (2308) is fixedly connected with an inclined block (2310), the top of the moving block (2204) is provided with an inclined groove (2311), and the inclined groove (2311) is used for realizing the vertical displacement of the inclined block (2310).

5. An automatic tool changing five-axis machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the sliding hole (2309) is provided with two limiting grooves (2312), the two sides of the inclined block (2310) are fixedly connected with limiting strips (2313), the surface of the limiting strip (2313) is slidably connected with the inner cavity of the limiting groove (2312), and the surface of the extension rod (2308) is slidably sleeved with a first spring (2304), and the two ends of the first spring (2304) are fixedly connected with the top of the inclined block (2310) and the inner top of the sliding hole (2309) respectively.

6. The automatic tool changing five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring assembly (3) comprises a groove (301) formed on one side of the electromagnetic valve (2305), the inner cavity of the groove (301) is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor (302), the inner wall of the groove (301) is fixedly connected with an elastic film (303), the elastic film (303) is used for closing the groove (301), one side of the elastic film (303) is in contact with the heat conducting oil, the center of the side of the elastic film (303) close to the pressure sensor (302) is fixedly connected with a positioning sheet (304), one side of the positioning sheet (304) is fixedly connected with a pressing rod (305), and the pressing rod (305) is in contact with the input end of the pressure sensor (302).

7. A five-axis machining center with automatic tool change according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface of the positioning sheet (304) is fixedly connected with two guide rods (306), one end of the guide rod (306) is rotatably connected with a rotating rod (307), the inner side of the groove (301) is provided with a guide groove (308), and the rotating rod (307) is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the guide groove (308).

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