A tool and method for boring a turbine runner body and an operating frame

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of boring technology, and particularly relates to a tool and method for boring a turbine runner body and an operating frame simultaneously. The processing tool of the present invention includes a connecting flange and a dividing lifting tool; the connecting flange includes an upper flange, a column, and a lower flange arranged in sequence, the lower flange is connected to the end face of a small ball in the center of the runner body through a stopper, the upper flange is connected to the center hole of the operating frame through a stopper, and the outer circles of the upper flange and the lower flange are both engraved with X-Y lines; the dividing lifting tool includes a regular polygonal dividing and aligning structure, a vertical ring, and an end flange arranged in sequence, the end flange and the end face of the runner body are fitted with a stopper clearance, the outer circle of the end flange is engraved with X-Y lines, and a plurality of processing windows are provided on the vertical ring. The upper plane of the regular polygonal dividing and aligning structure serves as a leveling reference, and the number of side lengths and processing windows of the regular polygonal dividing and aligning structure are equal to the number of shaft holes of the runner body. The present invention provides a tool and method for boring a turbine runner body and an operating frame simultaneously, which can improve processing accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of boring, and in particular relates to a boring tool and method for a turbine runner body and an operating frame. Background Art

[0002] The relative positional accuracy of the blade shaft holes in the runner body of a propeller turbine and the corresponding ears of the operating frame (for axial-flow propeller turbines, this component is the operating frame, and for cross-flow propeller turbines, this component is the relay cylinder) must be very high. The current process in the industry is to assemble the two components together and simultaneously bore the runner shaft holes and the ears of the operating frame (relay cylinder) on a CNC boring machine using a rotary table to meet these high-precision requirements. This technical solution has the following disadvantages:

[0003] First, processing must rely on a boring machine with a CNC rotary table, and ordinary boring machines cannot perform processing.

[0004] Second, the indexing accuracy of the rotor blade shaft hole and the operating frame ear hole depends on the indexing accuracy of the CNC rotary table. With the improvement of design requirements, the indexing accuracy of the general CNC rotary table cannot meet the processing requirements.

[0005] Third, the coaxiality of the large and small shaft holes of the runner body is very critical. In this solution, the spindle of the boring machine is overhanging too long, which easily causes coaxiality to be out of tolerance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a tool and method for boring a turbine runner body and an operating frame, which can improve the processing accuracy.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0008] A tool for boring a turbine runner body and an operating frame, comprising a connecting flange and an indexing lifting tool; the connecting flange comprises an upper flange, a column and a lower flange arranged in sequence, the lower flange is connected to the end face of a small ball in the center of the runner body through a stopper, the upper flange is connected to the center hole of the operating frame through a stopper, and the outer circles of the upper flange and the lower flange are both engraved with XY lines; the indexing lifting tool comprises a regular polygonal indexing alignment structure, a vertical ring and an end flange arranged in sequence, the end flange and the end face of the runner body are fitted with a stopper clearance, the outer circle of the end flange is engraved with XY lines, a plurality of processing windows are provided on the vertical ring, the upper plane of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure serves as a leveling reference, and the number of side lengths and processing windows of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure are equal to the number of shaft holes of the runner body.

[0009] In the present invention, the rotor body and the operating frame are both positioned and connected to the connecting flange through a stopper, and the indexing lifting tool is positioned and connected to the rotor body through a stopper, so that a certain assembly relationship is maintained between the rotor body, the operating frame, and the indexing lifting tool. The upper plane of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure is used as the leveling reference, and the side of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure is used for alignment, so that when the large and small shaft holes of the rotor body and the ear holes of the operating frame are processed at the same position by the boring bar, the relative position accuracy of the rotor body blade shaft holes and the operating frame ear holes is high. Through the precise assembly relationship and reference setting of the present invention, the machining process of the rotor body shaft holes and the operating frame ear holes can be completed using an ordinary boring machine, without the need for a boring machine with a CNC turntable. The indexing accuracy of the rotor body blade shaft holes and the operating frame ear holes is achieved by the side alignment of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure, and is independent of the indexing accuracy of the CNC turntable.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stopper diameter of the upper flange is 0.02-0.04 mm smaller than the center hole diameter of the operating frame, and the stopper diameter of the lower flange is 0.02-0.04 mm smaller than the center hole diameter of the ball end at the center of the rotor body.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, after the connecting flange is connected to the runner body and the operating frame, the ear hole of the operating frame is higher than the upper end surface of the runner body as a whole, which is convenient for boring machine processing.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the outer diameter of the end flange and the outer diameter of the matching portion of the runner body differ by 1 mm, and the roundness of the end flange is less than 0.02 mm.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the angle error between each two sides of the regular polygon indexing and alignment structure is no more than 0.5′.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the parallelism between the upper plane of the regular polygonal dividing and aligning structure and the bottom plane of the end flange is less than 0.02 mm.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a lifting lug is provided on the top of the regular polygonal indexing and aligning structure. The lifting lug is provided at the center of gravity of the entire tooling to ensure that the wheel body, the operating frame and the tooling can be hoisted flatly as a whole.

[0016] A method for simultaneously boring a turbine runner body and an operating frame comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1: Put the runner body in place, hoist the connecting flange, align the XY lines of the runner body and the connecting flange, and then tighten them with bolts;

[0018] S2: Hoist the operating frame, align the XY lines of the operating frame and the connecting flange, and then tighten them with bolts;

[0019] S3: Hoist the indexing lifting tool, align the indexing lifting tool with the XY line on the runner body, set up a dial indicator on the boring bar, adjust the coaxiality of the tool and the runner body, and tighten it with bolts after the adjustment is qualified;

[0020] S4: Use regular polygon indexing to level the upper plane of the structure; use regular polygon indexing to align the side of the structure, and the side of the regular polygon indexing structure is perpendicular to the boring bar;

[0021] S5: Rough boring and semi-finishing boring of the first set of large and small shaft holes of the runner body, leaving a 2mm machining allowance on one side, scanning the large and small shaft holes with a 3D laser tracker, establishing a coordinate system with the center of the large shaft hole as the reference, projecting the center of the small shaft hole onto the coordinate system, and calculating the height difference between the center of the large shaft hole and the center of the small shaft hole as the compensation for finishing the small shaft hole;

[0022] S6: Fine bore the large shaft hole to the drawing requirements, and fine bore the small shaft hole according to the compensation amount in the Y-axis direction of the boring machine;

[0023] S7: Ear holes of rough boring, semi-finishing boring and finishing boring operation frames at the same station;

[0024] S8: Use the lifting lugs on the indexing lifting tool to turn the entire component, repeat steps S4 to S7, and process the remaining groups of holes in sequence.

[0025] In the present invention, a 2mm machining allowance is left on each side during rough boring and semi-finishing of the first set of large and small shaft holes in the rotor body. A three-dimensional laser tracker is used to scan the large and small shaft holes. A coordinate system is established with the center of the large shaft hole as the reference. The center of the small shaft hole is projected onto the coordinate system, and the height difference between the centers of the large and small shaft holes is calculated as the compensation for finishing the small shaft hole. The large shaft hole is finish bored to the drawing requirements, and the small shaft hole is finish bored according to the compensation amount in the Y-axis direction of the boring machine. This method avoids the problem of excessive spindle overhang on the boring machine, which can easily cause coaxiality errors. The method of the present invention uses high-precision tooling and a compensation method for large and small shaft holes in the rotor body, resulting in high machining accuracy.

[0026] As a preferred solution of the present invention, in step S4, when leveling the upper plane of the structure using a regular polygonal indexing method, the leveling requirement is less than or equal to 0.02 mm / m.

[0027] As a preferred solution of the present invention, in step S4, when aligning the side of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure, the perpendicularity between the side of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure and the boring bar is required to be no greater than 0.02 mm.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. In the present invention, the rotor body and the operating frame are both positioned and connected to the connecting flange through a stopper, and the indexing lifting tool is positioned and connected to the rotor body through a stopper, so that a certain assembly relationship is maintained between the rotor body, the operating frame, and the indexing lifting tool. The upper plane of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure is used as the leveling reference, and the side of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure is used for alignment, so that when the large and small shaft holes of the rotor body and the ear holes of the operating frame are processed at the same position by the boring bar, the relative position accuracy of the rotor body blade shaft hole and the operating frame ear hole is high. Through the precise assembly relationship and reference setting of the present invention, the machining process of the rotor body shaft hole and the operating frame ear hole can be completed using an ordinary boring machine, without the need for a boring machine with a CNC turntable. The indexing accuracy of the rotor body blade shaft hole and the operating frame ear hole is achieved by the side alignment of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure, and is independent of the indexing accuracy of the CNC turntable.

[0030] 2. In the present invention, a 2mm machining allowance is left on one side during rough boring and semi-finishing boring of the first set of large and small shaft holes of the rotor body. A three-dimensional laser tracker is used to scan the large and small shaft holes. A coordinate system is established with the center of the large shaft hole as the reference. The center of the small shaft hole is projected onto the coordinate system. The height difference between the center of the large shaft hole and the center of the small shaft hole is calculated as the compensation for the fine machining of the small shaft hole. The large shaft hole is fine bored to the requirements of the drawing, and the small shaft hole is fine bored according to the compensation amount in the Y-axis direction of the boring machine. The present invention avoids the problem of excessive overhang of the boring machine spindle, which easily causes coaxiality deviation. The method of the present invention uses high-precision tooling and a compensation method for large and small shaft holes of the rotor body, and has high machining accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is an assembly diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the connecting flange;

[0034] Figure 4 It is the main view of the connecting flange;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the indexing lifting tool;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the runner body;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the operating frame.

[0038] In the figure: 1-connecting flange; 2-indexing lifting tool; 3-rotor body; 4-operating frame; 11-upper flange; 12-column; 13-lower flange; 21-regular polygon indexing and alignment structure; 22-vertical ring; 23-end flange; 24-processing window; 25-lifting ear; 31-large shaft hole; 32-small shaft hole; 41-ear hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein may be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the turbine runner body and the operating frame of this embodiment are bored together with the processing tool, including a connecting flange 1 and a dividing lifting tool 2; the connecting flange 1 includes an upper flange 11, a column 12 and a lower flange 13 arranged in sequence, the lower flange 13 is connected to the end face of the small ball in the center of the runner body 3 through a stopper, the upper flange 11 is connected to the center hole of the operating frame 4 through a stopper, and the outer circle of the upper flange 11 and the outer circle of the lower flange 13 are both engraved with XY lines; the dividing lifting tool 2 includes a regular polygonal dividing and alignment structure 21, a vertical ring 22 and an end flange 23 arranged in sequence, the end flange 23 and the end face of the runner body 3 are fitted with a stopper clearance, the outer circle of the end flange 23 is engraved with XY lines, and 5 processing windows 24 are provided on the vertical ring 22, which are the upper plane processing leveling reference of the regular polygonal dividing and alignment structure 21; the number of side lengths of the regular polygonal dividing and alignment structure 21 and the number of processing windows 24 are equal to the number of axial holes of the runner body 3, both of which are 5.

[0042] In the present invention, the rotor body 3 and the operating frame 4 are both positioned and connected to the connecting flange 1 through a stopper, and the indexing lifting tool 2 is positioned and connected to the rotor body 3 through a stopper, so that a certain assembly relationship is maintained between the rotor body 3, the operating frame 4, and the indexing lifting tool 2. The upper plane of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure 21 is used as the leveling reference, and the side of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure 21 is used for alignment, so that when the large shaft hole 31 and the small shaft hole 32 of the rotor body 3 and the ear hole 41 of the operating frame 4 are processed at the same position by a boring bar, the relative position accuracy of the blade shaft hole of the rotor body 3 and the ear hole 41 of the operating frame 4 is high. Through the precise assembly relationship and reference setting of the present invention, the processing process of the shaft hole of the rotor body 3 and the ear hole 41 of the operating frame 4 can be completed using an ordinary boring machine, without the need to use a boring machine with a CNC rotary table. The indexing accuracy of the blade shaft hole of the runner body 3 and the ear hole 41 of the operating frame 4 is achieved by the side alignment of the regular polygon indexing alignment structure 21, and does not depend on the indexing accuracy of the CNC rotary table.

[0043] The stopper diameter of the upper flange 11 is 0.02-0.04 mm smaller than the center hole diameter of the operating frame 4 , and the stopper diameter of the lower flange 13 is 0.02-0.04 mm smaller than the center hole diameter of the ball end at the center of the runner body 3 .

[0044] After the connecting flange 1 is connected to the runner body 3 and the operating frame 4, the ear hole 41 of the operating frame 4 is higher than the upper end surface of the runner body 3 as a whole, which is convenient for boring machine processing.

[0045] Specifically, the outer diameter of the end flange 23 differs from the outer diameter of the matching portion of the runner body 3 by 1 mm, and the roundness of the end flange 23 is less than 0.02 mm.

[0046] The angle error between each two sides of the regular polygonal indexing and alignment structure 21 is no more than 0.5′.

[0047] The parallelism between the upper plane of the regular polygonal dividing and aligning structure 21 and the bottom plane of the end flange 23 is less than 0.02 mm.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a lifting lug 25 is provided on the top of the regular polygonal indexing and aligning structure 21. The lifting lug 25 is provided at the center of gravity of the entire tooling to ensure that the wheel body 3, the operating frame 4 and the tooling can be hoisted flatly as a whole.

[0049] The method for boring the turbine runner body and the operating frame of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1: Put the runner body 3 in place, hoist the connecting flange 1, align the XY lines of the runner body 3 and the connecting flange 1, and then tighten them with bolts;

[0051] S2: Hoist the operating frame 4, align the XY line of the operating frame 4 and the connecting flange 1, and then tighten them with bolts;

[0052] S3: Hoist the indexing lifting tool 2, align the XY line on the indexing lifting tool 2 and the runner body 3, set up a dial indicator on the boring bar, adjust the coaxiality of the tool and the runner body 3, and tighten it with bolts after the adjustment is qualified;

[0053] S4: Use a regular polygon indexing to align the upper plane of the structure 21. The leveling requirement is less than or equal to 0.02 mm / m. Use a regular polygon indexing to align the side of the structure 21. The perpendicularity between the side of the regular polygon indexing structure 21 and the boring bar must be no more than 0.02 mm.

[0054] S5: Rough boring and semi-finishing boring of the first three groups of large and small shaft holes of the rotor body, leaving a 2mm machining allowance on one side, scanning the large and small shaft holes with a 3D laser tracker, establishing a coordinate system with the center of the large shaft hole 31 as the reference, projecting the center of the small shaft hole 32 onto the coordinate system, and calculating the height difference between the center of the large shaft hole 31 and the center of the small shaft hole 32 as the compensation for the finishing of the small shaft hole 32;

[0055] S6: Fine boring the large shaft hole 31 to the drawing requirements, and fine boring the small shaft hole 32 according to the compensation amount in the Y-axis direction of the boring machine;

[0056] S7: Rough boring, semi-finishing boring and finishing boring of the ear hole 41 of the operating frame 4 at the same station;

[0057] S8: Use the lifting lug 25 on the indexing lifting tool 2 to turn the entire component, repeat steps S4 to S7, and process the remaining groups of holes in sequence.

[0058] In the present invention, a 2mm machining allowance is left on one side during rough boring and semi-finish boring of the first set of large and small shaft holes of the rotor body 3. A three-dimensional laser tracker is used to scan the large and small shaft holes. A coordinate system is established with the center of the large shaft hole 31 as the reference. The center of the small shaft hole 32 is projected onto the coordinate system, and the height difference between the center of the large shaft hole 31 and the center of the small shaft hole 32 is calculated as the compensation amount for the fine machining of the small shaft hole 32. The large shaft hole 31 is fine bored to the requirements of the drawing, and the small shaft hole 32 is fine bored according to the compensation amount in the Y-axis direction of the boring machine. The present invention avoids the problem of excessive overhang of the boring machine spindle, which easily causes coaxiality deviation. The method of the present invention uses high-precision tooling and a compensation method for the large and small shaft holes of the rotor body 3, resulting in high machining accuracy.

[0059] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optional implementation modes. Anyone can derive other forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention. However, no matter what changes are made in the shape or structure, any technical solution that falls within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A boring tool for a turbine runner and an operating frame, characterized in that: The invention comprises a connecting flange (1) and a dividing lifting tool (2); the connecting flange (1) comprises an upper flange (11), a column (12) and a lower flange (13) which are arranged in sequence, the lower flange (13) is connected to the end face of a small ball at the center of the wheel body (3) through a stopper, the upper flange (11) is connected to the center hole of the operating frame (4) through a stopper, and the outer circles of the upper flange (11) and the lower flange (13) are both engraved with XY lines; the dividing lifting tool (2) comprises a regular polygon which is arranged in sequence The end flange (23) and the end face of the runner body (3) are matched through a stop gap. The outer circle of the end flange (23) is engraved with XY lines. The vertical ring (22) is provided with a plurality of processing windows (24). The upper plane of the regular polygonal indexing and aligning structure (21) is processed as a leveling reference. The number of side lengths of the regular polygonal indexing and aligning structure (21) and the number of processing windows (24) are equal to the number of shaft holes of the runner body (3); A lifting lug (25) is provided on the top of the regular polygonal indexing and aligning structure (21); and the side of the regular polygonal indexing and aligning structure (21) is used for alignment.

2. The boring tool for a turbine runner and an operating frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stopper diameter of the upper flange (11) is 0.02 to 0.04 mm smaller than the center hole diameter of the operating frame (4), and the stopper diameter of the lower flange (13) is 0.02 to 0.04 mm smaller than the center hole diameter of the small ball end at the center of the rotating wheel body (3).

3. The water turbine runner and operating frame boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the connecting flange (1) is connected to the rotor body (3) and the operating frame (4), the ear hole (41) of the operating frame (4) is higher than the upper end surface of the rotor body (3) as a whole.

4. The water turbine runner and operating frame boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the end flange (23) and the outer diameter of the matching portion of the runner body (3) differ by 1 mm, and the roundness of the end flange (23) is less than 0.02 mm.

5. The water turbine runner and operating frame boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle error between each two sides of the regular polygon indexing and alignment structure (21) is no more than 0.5′, where 0.5′=(0.5*1 / 60)°.

6. The water turbine runner and operating frame boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parallelism between the upper plane of the regular polygonal indexing and aligning structure (21) and the bottom plane of the end flange (23) is less than 0.02 mm.

7. A method for simultaneously boring a turbine runner body and an operating frame, using a tool for simultaneously boring a turbine runner body and an operating frame according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Put the runner body (3) in place, hoist the connecting flange (1), align the XY lines of the runner body (3) and the connecting flange (1), and then tighten them with bolts; S2: Hoist the operating frame (4), align the XY lines of the operating frame (4) and the connecting flange (1), and then tighten them with bolts; S3: hoist the indexing lifting tool (2), align the XY line on the indexing lifting tool (2) and the wheel body (3), set up a dial indicator on the boring bar, adjust the coaxiality of the tool and the wheel body (3), and tighten it with bolts after the adjustment is qualified; S4: leveling the upper plane of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure (21); aligning the side of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure (21), wherein the side of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure (21) is perpendicular to the boring bar; S5: Rough boring and semi-finishing boring of the first group of large and small shaft holes of the wheel body (3), leaving a 2mm machining allowance on one side, scanning the large and small shaft holes with a three-dimensional laser tracker, establishing a coordinate system with the center of the large shaft hole (31) as the reference, projecting the center of the small shaft hole (32) onto the coordinate system, calculating the height difference between the center of the large shaft hole (31) and the center of the small shaft hole (32), and using it as the compensation amount for finishing the small shaft hole (32); S6: Fine boring the large shaft hole (31) to the drawing requirements, and fine boring the small shaft hole (32) according to the compensation amount in the Y-axis direction of the boring machine; S7: ear holes (41) of the rough boring, semi-finishing boring and finishing boring operation frames (4) at the same station; S8: Use the lifting lug (25) on the indexing lifting tool (2) to turn the entire component and repeat steps S4 to S7 to process the remaining groups of holes in sequence.

8. The method for simultaneously boring a turbine runner and an operating frame according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, when the upper plane of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure (21) is leveled, the leveling requirement is less than or equal to 0.02 mm / m.

9. The method for simultaneously boring a turbine runner body and an operating frame according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, when aligning the side of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure (21), the verticality between the side of the regular polygonal indexing alignment structure (21) and the boring bar is required to be no greater than 0.02 mm.

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