Steering engine pressing block assembly structure based on air spring
By designing the air spring pressure block assembly structure, the abnormal noise problem of the traditional steering gear pressure block assembly during the switching process is solved, and the stability of the preload force is achieved through gas pressure adjustment, which improves durability and lightweight design.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510847023.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-05
AI Technical Summary
The traditional steering gear pressure block assembly produces abnormal noise during the switching process, and the gear rack preload changes greatly after durability, resulting in complaints about abnormal noise after durability.
The steering gear pressure block assembly structure based on an air spring is adopted, including a locking nut assembly, an air spring pressure block and a pressure block lining. Through the design calculation of the air spring pressure block and the adjustment of the gas pressure, flexible preload control is achieved, the collision noise between the metal pressure block and the housing is reduced, and durability is maintained.
It effectively solves the problem of abnormal noise during switching between the metal pressure block and the shell, and the preload force of the gear rack changes little after durability, which improves the abnormal noise problem after durability and has the potential for lightweight design.
Smart Images
Figure CN120589079A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of steering systems, in particular to an air spring-based steering gear pressure block assembly structure. Background Art
[0002] The steering gear pressure block is installed on the steering gear housing to increase the preload when the rack and gear are meshing, ensuring that the rack and gear mesh smoothly and without abnormal noise. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it generally consists of an adjusting nut assembly 1, a coil spring 2, an O-ring 3, a pressure block body 4, and a pressure block lining 5. The adjusting nut assembly 1 compresses and seals the pressure block body 4, which serves as a mounting base for the coil spring 2 and pressure block lining 5. The coil spring 2 deforms under the pressure of the adjusting nut assembly 1 to provide preload force between the rack and gear. The O-ring 3 is used to isolate / buffer the impact between the pressure block body and the housing during the switching process, and the pressure block lining 5 reduces wear caused by friction between the rack and the pressure block.
[0003] However, the buffering effect of the O-ring 3 is limited. During the reversing process, Figure 9 As shown, the rack 10 drives the metal pressure block body to swing back and forth, causing the pressure block body 4 to collide with the housing 9, resulting in clunk or click noises. Furthermore, the preload force between the gear 11 and the rack 10 varies significantly after durability with the conventional pressure block body 4 structure, causing complaints of abnormal noise after durability.
[0004] In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to design an empty spring pressure block assembly with rubber as the pressure block body. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a steering gear pressure block assembly structure based on an air spring, which can solve the problem of switching or knocking noise between the metal pressure block and the housing, and the preload force of the gear rack before and after durability changes little, which has a good improvement effect on the abnormal noise problem after durability.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a steering gear pressure block assembly structure based on an air spring is designed, which includes a locking nut assembly, an empty spring pressure block, and a pressure block lining, and is characterized in that: the lower end of the locking nut assembly is connected to the empty spring pressure block, and the lower end of the empty spring pressure block is connected to the pressure block lining; the locking nut assembly includes a locking nut plug, a locking nut, and a sealing ring, the top of the locking nut is sealed by the locking nut plug, and a sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the locking nut, and the lower end of the locking nut is a conical piston structure; the empty spring pressure block is a "concave"-shaped structure, and the empty spring pressure block is a cavity structure containing a certain pressure gas, and the top groove structure of the empty spring pressure block cooperates with the lower end of the locking nut.
[0007] The lower end of the locking nut is embedded in the top groove of the empty spring pressure block.
[0008] The top of the pressing block lining is vulcanized and bonded to the lower end of the empty spring pressing block.
[0009] The empty spring pressure block is an empty spring pressure block.
[0010] The design process of the empty spring pressure block is as follows:
[0011] (1) Calculate the effective area of the empty spring pressure block;
[0012] (2) Calculate the effective volume of the empty spring compression block;
[0013] (3) Calculate the effective pressure of the empty spring pressure block;
[0014] (4) Derivation of the elastic force of the empty spring pressure block;
[0015] (5) Derive the stiffness of the empty spring pressure block.
[0016] In the step (1), the calculation formula for the effective area of the empty spring pressure block is A e =A0+μx; where A e is the effective area, in m 2 ; A0 is the initial effective area of the empty spring pressure block, unit is m 2 ; μ is the rate of change of effective area; x is the compression of the empty spring pressure block, the initial height is zero, it is positive when compressed and negative when stretched, and the unit is m.
[0017] In the step (2), the calculation formula for the effective volume of the empty spring pressure block is V e =V0-ρx; where V e is the effective volume, in m 3 ; V0 is the initial effective volume of the empty spring pressure block, unit is m 3 ; ρ is the effective volume change rate; x is the compression of the empty spring pressure block, the initial height is zero, it is positive when compressed and negative when stretched, the unit is m.
[0018] In the step (3), the calculation formula of the effective pressure of the empty spring pressure block is: Among them, P e is the effective pressure, in MPa; P0 is the initial pressure of the empty spring pressure block, in MPa; P a is the atmospheric pressure, in MPa; ω is the polynomial index, ranging from 1.3 to 1.4.
[0019] In the step (4), the calculation formula of the elastic force of the empty spring pressure block is:
[0020] In the step (5), according to the relationship between the elastic force F of the empty spring pressure block and the height stroke x, the relationship between F and the height stroke x can be obtained by taking the derivative of F with respect to x. When the height travel x of the empty spring pressure block is 0, the empty spring pressure block is in a static equilibrium state. e =P0, V e =V0Substitute into the above relationship to obtain the static stiffness of the air spring in the static equilibrium state
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a steering gear pressure block assembly structure based on an air spring, which can solve the problem of switching or knocking noise between the metal pressure block and the housing, and the change in the preload force of the gear rack before and after durability is small, which has a great improvement effect on the abnormal noise problem after durability.
[0022] The structure of the present invention can also adjust the stiffness of the pressure block by changing the gas pressure inside the empty spring pressure block, while maintaining the same shape, to meet different gear-rack meshing requirements, thereby achieving different preload requirements. This pressure block also contributes to the lightweight design of the steering gear. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a traditional steering gear pressure block assembly.
[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural cross-sectional view of a traditional steering gear pressure block assembly.
[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the steering gear pressure block assembly of the present invention.
[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural sectional view of the steering gear pressing block assembly of the present invention.
[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the locking nut assembly structure of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the locking nut assembly structure of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hollow spring pressure block of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the hollow spring pressure block structure of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a traditional steering gear pressure block assembly.
[0032] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the steering gear pressure block assembly of the present invention.
[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation dimensions of the steering gear pressure block assembly of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0035] like Figures 3 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a steering gear rubber air spring pressure block structure, including a locking nut assembly, an air spring pressure block, and a pressure block lining, and is characterized in that: the lower end of the locking nut assembly 6 is connected to the air spring pressure block 7, and the lower end of the air spring pressure block 7 is connected to the pressure block lining 8; the locking nut assembly 6 includes a locking nut plug, a locking nut, and a sealing ring, the top of the locking nut 6-2 is sealed by the locking nut plug 6-1, and the outer side of the locking nut 6-2 is provided with a sealing ring 6-3, and the lower end of the locking nut 6-2 is a conical piston structure; the air spring pressure block 7 is a "concave"-shaped structure, and the air spring pressure block 7 is a cavity structure containing a certain pressure gas, and the top groove structure of the air spring pressure block 7 cooperates with the lower end of the locking nut 6-2.
[0036] The lower end of the locking nut 6 - 2 is embedded in the top groove of the empty spring pressure block 7 .
[0037] The top of the pressure block lining 8 is vulcanized and bonded to the lower end of the empty spring pressure block 7.
[0038] The empty spring pressure block 7 is an empty spring pressure block.
[0039] The lower end of lock nut 6-2 is a tapered piston. Air spring block 7 is a rubber cavity containing a gas under pressure. Pushed by the piston in lock nut 6-2, air spring block 7 deforms, pre-tightening the meshing of gear 11 and rack 10. A block lining 8 is vulcanized and bonded to the lower end of air spring block 7, enhancing its wear resistance.
[0040] like Figure 10 As shown, during the reversing process of the rack 10, the soft impact between the empty spring pressure block 7 and the housing 9 prevents clunk or click noises. Furthermore, the preload between the gear 11 and the rack 10 varies minimally before and after the endurance test, effectively preventing abnormal noise after the endurance test.
[0041] The stiffness design process of the empty spring pressure block 7:
[0042] 1. Effective area of empty spring pressure block: A e =A0+μx. Where A e is the effective area, in m 2 ; A0 is the initial effective area of the empty spring pressure block, unit is m 2; μ is the rate of change of effective area; x is the compression of the empty spring pressure block, the initial height is zero, it is positive when compressed and negative when stretched, and the unit is m.
[0043] 2. When the empty spring pressure block is working, the volume inside the pressure block changes with the height and stroke of the pressure block, just like the effective area. Therefore, the effective volume of the pressure block can also be equivalent to a linear function related to the height and stroke of the spring. The effective volume inside the empty spring pressure block is: V e =V0-ρx; where V e is the effective volume, in m 3 ; V0 is the initial effective volume of the empty spring pressure block, unit is m 3 ; ρ is the effective volume change rate; x is the compression of the empty spring pressure block, the initial height is zero, it is positive when compressed and negative when stretched, the unit is m.
[0044] 3. Through the above analysis, the expression form of the effective area and effective volume of the empty spring pressure block is determined. By introducing the state equation of ideal gas, the effective pressure of the empty spring pressure block under any state is expressed as follows: Among them, P e is the effective pressure, in MPa; P0 is the initial pressure of the empty spring pressure block, in MPa; P a is the atmospheric pressure, in MPa; ω is the polynomial index, ranging from 1.3 to 1.4.
[0045] 4. When the empty spring pressure block is working, the effective area and effective pressure at any time can be expressed by a functional relationship, from which the elastic force of the empty spring pressure block at any time can be deduced
[0046] 5. Analysis of the stiffness characteristics of the empty spring pressure block: According to the relationship between the elastic force F of the empty spring pressure block and the height stroke x, the relationship between F and the height stroke x can be obtained by taking the derivative of F with respect to x. When the height travel x of the empty spring pressure block is 0, the empty spring pressure block is in a static equilibrium state. e =P0, V e =V0Substitute into the above relationship to obtain the static stiffness of the air spring in the static equilibrium state
[0047] 6. By designing the appropriate initial pressure P0, the effective area change rate, the effective volume change rate and the initial effective volume V0, the appropriate stiffness of the empty spring pressure block can be designed.
[0048] For example: For a certain vehicle, the initial preload force of the gear rack is required to be 2200N. The relevant dimensions of the pressure block can be found in Figure 11, where atmospheric pressure Pa = 0.1 MPa, α = 30°, r0 = 15 mm, H = 40 mm, R = 35 mm, r3 = 2.5 mm, r4 = 3 mm, h2 = 2 mm, h = h0 = 15 mm, r = r1 = r0 + h0 * tanα = 23.66, busbar length Effective area If you want to meet the initial preload force F0 = 2200N requirement for the gear rack, according to the formula F = P e ·A e , at this time P e =P0,A e =A0, that is, F0 = P0·A0, then it can be deduced that P0 = 0.7828MPa.
[0049] After durability, the pressure block lining is worn. According to experience, the pressure block gap will change by about 0.2mm. Since the locking nut assembly is threadedly installed on the housing, the main body of the empty spring pressure block will drop 0.2mm along with the pressure block lining. After durability, α=30°, r0=15mm, H=40mm, R=35mm, r3=2.5mm, r4=3mm, h2=2mm, h=h1=14.8mm, r=r2=r0+h1*tanα=23.54, busbar length Effective area ω is a variable index, ranging from 1.3 to 1.4. This time, ω=1.3 is taken, then P e =0.7807Mpa, F=P e ·A e =2167.43N, which is not much different from the initial F0=2200N.
[0050] The initial preload force requirement for the gear rack of a certain vehicle is 2500N. When the structural parameters of the pressure block remain unchanged, A0=2810.52mm 2 According to the formula F0=P0·A0, by adjusting P0 from 0.7828MPa to 0.8895MPa, different preload requirements can be achieved by changing the pressure of the gas inside the empty spring pressure block while maintaining the shape of the pressure block unchanged.
[0051] The present invention provides a steering gear pressure block assembly structure based on an air spring, which can solve the problem of switching or knocking noise between the metal pressure block and the housing, and the change in the preload force of the gear rack before and after durability is small, which has a good improvement effect on the abnormal noise problem after durability.
[0052] The structure of the present invention can also adjust the stiffness of the pressure block by changing the gas pressure inside the empty spring pressure block, while maintaining the same shape, to meet different gear-rack meshing requirements, thereby achieving different preload requirements. This pressure block also contributes to the lightweight design of the steering gear.
Claims
1. A steering gear pressure block assembly structure based on an air spring, comprising a locking nut assembly, an air spring pressure block, and a pressure block lining, characterized in that: The lower end of the locking nut assembly (6) is connected to the empty spring pressure block (7), and the lower end of the empty spring pressure block (7) is connected to the pressure block lining (8); the locking nut assembly (6) includes a locking nut plug, a locking nut, and a sealing ring. The top of the locking nut (6-2) is sealed by the locking nut plug (6-1), and the outer side of the locking nut (6-2) is provided with a sealing ring (6-3). The lower end of the locking nut (6-2) is a conical piston structure; the empty spring pressure block (7) is a "concave"-shaped structure, and the empty spring pressure block (7) is a cavity structure containing a certain pressure gas. The top groove structure of the empty spring pressure block (7) matches the lower end of the locking nut (6-2).
2. The air spring-based steering gear pressure block assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the locking nut (6-2) is embedded in the top groove of the empty spring pressure block (7).
3. The air spring-based steering gear pressure block assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the pressure block lining (8) is vulcanized and bonded to the lower end of the empty spring pressure block (7).
4. The air spring-based steering gear pressure block assembly structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The empty spring pressing block (7) is an air spring pressing block.
5. The air spring-based steering gear pressure block assembly structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The design process of the empty spring pressure block (7) is as follows: (1) Calculate the effective area of the empty spring pressure block; (2) Calculate the effective volume of the empty spring compression block; (3) Calculate the effective pressure of the empty spring pressure block; (4) Derivation of the elastic force of the empty spring pressure block; (5) Derive the stiffness of the empty spring pressure block.
6. The air spring-based steering gear pressure block assembly structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step (1), the calculation formula for the effective area of the empty spring pressure block is A e =A0+μx; where A e is the effective area, in m 2 ; A0 is the initial effective area of the empty spring pressure block, unit is m 2 ; μ is the rate of change of effective area; x is the compression of the empty spring pressure block, the initial height is zero, it is positive when compressed and negative when stretched, and the unit is m.
7. The air spring-based steering gear pressure block assembly structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step (2), the calculation formula for the effective volume of the empty spring pressure block is V e =V0-ρx; Among them, V e is the effective volume, in m 3 ; V0 is the initial effective volume of the empty spring pressure block, unit is m 3 ; ρ is the effective volume change rate; x is the compression of the empty spring pressure block, the initial height is zero, it is positive when compressed and negative when stretched, the unit is m.
8. The air spring-based steering gear pressure block assembly structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step (3), the calculation formula of the effective pressure of the empty spring pressure block is: Among them, P e is the effective pressure, in MPa; P0 is the initial pressure of the empty spring pressure block, in MPa; P a is the atmospheric pressure, in MPa; ω is the polynomial index, ranging from 1.3 to 1.
4.
9. The air spring-based steering gear pressure block assembly structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step (4), the calculation formula of the elastic force of the empty spring pressure block is:
10. The steering gear pressure block assembly structure based on an air spring according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step (5), according to the relationship between the elastic force F of the empty spring pressure block and the height stroke x, the relationship between F and the height stroke x can be obtained by taking the derivative of F with respect to x. When the height travel x of the empty spring pressure block is 0, the empty spring pressure block is in a static equilibrium state. e =P0, V e =V0Substitute into the above relationship to obtain the static stiffness of the air spring in the static equilibrium state