Hatch cover system capable of being opened from two sides and ship

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ship equipment, in particular to a bilateral opening hatch cover system and a ship. The hatch cover system comprises a hatch body, a hatch cover plate and a driving structure. The hatch body comprises a port part, a middle part and a starboard part which are sequentially connected in the ship width direction. Rollers are arranged on the hatch cover plate, and the hatch cover plate is slidably connected to the hatch body through the rollers. The driving structure comprises a port driving part arranged on the left side of the hatch cover plate and a starboard driving part arranged on the right side of the hatch cover plate, the output end of the port driving part and the output end of the starboard driving part are connected with gear assemblies correspondingly, and the hatch cover plate is connected with a rack extending in the horizontal direction. The larboard driving piece and the starboard driving piece are in meshing transmission with the rack through corresponding gear assemblies, and the driving structure is used for driving the hatch cover plate to slide from the middle part to the larboard part or the starboard part. Therefore, the hatch cover plate slides from the middle part to the port part or the starboard part, and the requirement that an ore carrier passes through the two sides of the barge on the anchored ground and leans against the barge to load and unload cargos is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship equipment, and in particular to a double-side opening hatch cover system and a ship. Background Art

[0002] There are two common ways for ore carriers to load and unload: one is to load and unload at the dock, in which case all hatch covers of the cargo hold are opened to the same side, in the opposite direction of the berthed side. For example, when berthing at the dock on the starboard side, all hatch covers are opened to the port side, and the loading and unloading operations are completed with the help of the dock's loading and unloading equipment; the other is when the ore carrier is at anchor, generally using barges for loading and unloading.

[0003] However, existing technologies present several practical challenges. When loading and unloading cargo at anchorages using barges, the barge's loading and unloading equipment imposes certain restrictions on the clearance of the ore carrier. Furthermore, only one barge can typically berth on the same side of an ore carrier, resulting in low loading and unloading efficiency, long loading times, and low utilization of both vessels and anchorages. To address these issues, there is a need for dual-sided berthing of barges for loading and unloading. This requires that some cargo hold hatch covers feature a single, dual-side opening function to meet the barge's clearance requirements for the ore carrier. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a double-sided opening hatch cover system and a ship, so as to meet the requirements of the barge of an ore carrier for double siding and rapid loading and unloading at anchorage.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a double-sided opening hatch cover system, comprising:

[0007] The hatch body comprises a port portion, a middle portion and a starboard portion which are sequentially connected along the width of the ship;

[0008] The hatch cover is provided with rollers, and the hatch cover is slidably connected to the hatch body via the rollers;

[0009] The drive structure includes a port drive member provided on the left side of the hatch cover plate and a starboard drive member provided on the right side of the hatch cover plate. The output ends of the port drive member and the starboard drive member are respectively connected to a gear assembly. A rack extending in a horizontal direction is connected to the hatch cover plate. The port drive member and the starboard drive member are respectively engaged with the rack through corresponding gear assemblies for transmission. The drive structure is used to drive the hatch cover plate to slide from the middle portion to the port portion or the starboard portion.

[0010] Preferably, the rack includes a port rack, a middle rack and a starboard rack that are spaced apart;

[0011] The port rack is connected to the left side of the hatch cover, the middle rack is connected to the middle section of the hatch cover, and the starboard rack is connected to the right side of the hatch cover;

[0012] The port driving member is meshed with the port rack and the middle rack in sequence through the gear assembly for transmission, and the starboard driving member is meshed with the starboard rack and the middle rack in sequence through the gear assembly for transmission.

[0013] Preferably, the invention further comprises a port driving arm and a starboard driving arm, wherein the port rack is provided on the port driving arm and connected to the left side of the hatch cover through the port driving arm, and the starboard rack is provided on the starboard driving arm and connected to the right side of the hatch cover through the starboard driving arm.

[0014] Preferably, the gear assembly comprises a driving gear, a transition gear and a driven gear meshed with each other in sequence;

[0015] The driving gear and the driven gear rotate in the same direction;

[0016] The output ends of the port driving member and the starboard driving member are respectively connected to corresponding driving gears;

[0017] The port side driving member is meshed with the port side rack and the middle rack in sequence through the corresponding driving gear and driven gear;

[0018] The starboard driving member is meshed with the starboard rack and the middle rack in sequence through the corresponding driving gear and driven gear.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes a jacking structure, a through hole is opened on the middle part of the hatch body, the jacking structure is arranged below the middle part and corresponds to the through hole, when the hatch cover is located in the middle part, the roller is clamped in the through hole, and the jacking structure is used to push the roller upward to separate the roller from the through hole.

[0020] Preferably, a limiting structure is further included, the limiting structure includes a limiting fitting portion connected to the hatch cover plate and a limiting assembly provided in the middle portion, the limiting assembly is used to form a stop fit with the limiting fitting portion.

[0021] Preferably, the limit assembly includes a limit base and a limit block. The limit bases are provided on the left and right sides of the limit fitting part. The limit blocks can be movably provided on the limit bases on both sides of the limit fitting part. The limit blocks are used to form a stop fit with the limit fitting part.

[0022] Preferably, the limiting structure also includes a positioning assembly respectively provided on the port portion and the starboard portion, a first latch hole is provided on the limiting fitting portion, and a second latch hole is provided on the positioning assembly. When the hatch cover slides from the middle portion to the port portion or the starboard portion to a fully open position, the limiting fitting portion and the positioning assembly form a stop fit, and the first latch hole of the limiting fitting portion and the second latch hole of the positioning assembly are communicated.

[0023] Preferably, a clamp is further included, which is provided on the hatch body. When the hatch cover is located in the middle part of the hatch body, the clamp is used to clamp and fix the hatch cover to the hatch body.

[0024] The present invention also provides a ship, comprising the double-side opening hatch cover system as described above.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant improvements:

[0026] The double-sided hatch cover system of the present invention is provided with a port drive element and a starboard drive element, each of which is driven by a gear assembly and a rack, thereby converting rotary motion into linear sliding motion of the hatch cover. When the hatch cover needs to be slid toward the port portion, the port drive element is activated, and the output end of the port drive element drives the gear assembly to rotate. The gear assembly drives the hatch cover from the middle portion to the port portion via the rack. When the hatch cover needs to be slid toward the starboard portion, the starboard drive element is activated, driving the hatch cover to slide toward the starboard portion. This enables the hatch cover to slide rapidly from the middle portion to the port or starboard portion, meeting the requirements of ore carriers for rapid loading and unloading by siding with barges on both sides at anchorages. This significantly improves loading and unloading efficiency, reduces time costs, and effectively increases the utilization rate of ships and anchorages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by pictures in the corresponding drawings. These exemplifications do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are represented as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.

[0028] Figure 1 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hatch cover system according to an embodiment of the present invention when the hatch cover plate is located in the middle portion;

[0029] Figure 2 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hatch cover system according to an embodiment of the present invention when the hatch cover plate is located on the port side;

[0030] Figure 3 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hatch cover system according to an embodiment of the present invention when the hatch cover plate is located on the starboard side;

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The hatch cover system is shown with the port and starboard portions omitted.

[0032] Figure 5 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the gear assembly and rack on the port side of the hatch cover system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 62 is a schematic structural diagram of the gear assembly and the rack on the starboard side of the hatch cover system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the hatch cover system according to an embodiment of the present invention when the jacking structure does not jack up the rollers;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hatch cover system according to an embodiment of the present invention after the jacking structure of the hatch cover system jacks up the rollers.

[0036] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of the cooperation between the limiting fitting portion and the limiting assembly of the hatch cover system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of an axonometric view of a limit assembly of a hatch cover system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cooperation between the limiting cooperation part and the positioning assembly of the hatch cover system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 12 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hatch cover system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 13 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hatch cover system according to an embodiment of the present invention provided on a ship.

[0041] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-hatch body; 11-port side; 12-middle part; 121-through hole; 13-starboard side; 2-hatch cover; 21-roller; 3-driving structure; 31-port driving member; 32-starboard driving member; 4-gear assembly; 41-driving gear; 42-transition gear; 43-driven gear; 5-rack; 51-port rack; 52-middle rack; 53-starboard rack; 6-port driving arm; 7-starboard driving arm; 8-lifting structure; 81-lifting cylinder; 82-lifting block; 83-guide plate; 9-limiting structure; 91-limiting matching part; 91a-first pin hole; 911-buffer device; 92-limiting assembly; 921-limiting base; 922-limiting block; 93-positioning assembly; 93a-second pin hole; 10-pressor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many technical details are provided in various embodiments of the present invention to facilitate a better understanding of the present application. However, even without these technical details and the various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in the claims of this application can be implemented.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 13 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a double-side opening hatch cover system of the present invention.

[0044] See also Figures 1 to 4 The double-sided opening hatch cover system of this embodiment includes a hatch body 1, a hatch cover plate 2 and a drive structure 3.

[0045] Among them, the hatch body 1 includes a port part 11, a middle part 12 and a starboard part 13 which are connected in sequence along the ship width direction. The hatch body 1 constitutes the installation and support basis of the hatch cover system, providing a track and space for the sliding of the hatch cover plate 2, so that the hatch cover plate 2 can move stably in the port and starboard directions.

[0046] Hatch cover 2 is equipped with rollers 21, which allow it to slide and connect to the hatch body 1. Rollers 21 reduce friction between the hatch cover 2 and the hatch body 1, making the sliding of the hatch cover 2 smoother. Initially, the hatch cover 2 is located in the middle section 12, covering the cargo hatch. When the hatch cover 2 slides to the port section 11 or the starboard section 13, the cargo hatch is opened.

[0047] The drive structure 3 includes a port drive member 31 located on the left side of the hatch cover 2 and a starboard drive member 32 located on the right side of the hatch cover 2. The port drive member 31 and the starboard drive member 32 serve as power sources, providing motive force for the sliding movement of the hatch cover 2. The output ends of the port drive member 31 and the starboard drive member 32 are respectively connected to a gear assembly 4. A horizontally extending rack 5 is connected to the hatch cover 2. The port drive member 31 and the starboard drive member 32 respectively engage with the rack 5 through the corresponding gear assembly 4, driving the drive structure 3 to drive the hatch cover 2 to slide from the intermediate portion 12 to the port portion 11 or the starboard portion 13. The output ends of the port driving member 31 and the starboard driving member 32 rotate to drive the gear assembly 4, which transmits the rotational motion of the output ends of the port driving member 31 and the starboard driving member 32 to the rack 5. The rack 5 converts the rotational motion of the gear assembly 4 into a linear sliding motion of itself and the hatch cover 2, so that the hatch cover 2 can slide from the middle portion 12 to the port portion 11 or the starboard portion 13.

[0048] When cargo needs to be loaded or unloaded from the port side 11 of the hatch body 1, the starboard drive 32 is activated, rotating the gear assembly 4 at its output end. Since the gear assembly 4 meshes with the rack 5 connected to the hatch cover 2, the rotation of the gear assembly 4, through the rack 5, drives the hatch cover 2 to slide from the middle section 12 to the starboard section 13. At this time, the port drive 31 is stopped or set to free-wheeling mode to avoid interfering with the sliding of the hatch cover 2. During this sliding process, the rollers 21 on the hatch cover 2 roll along the tracks of the hatch body 1, ensuring smooth movement of the hatch cover 2 toward the starboard section 13. As the hatch cover 2 slides, it eventually reaches the starboard section 13, fully opening the cargo hatch in the middle section 12 for port-bound barges to load and unload cargo.

[0049] When cargo needs to be loaded or unloaded from the starboard side 13 of the hatch body 1, the port side drive 31 is activated, driving the gear assembly 4 at its output end to rotate. Since the gear assembly 4 meshes with the rack 5 connected to the hatch cover 2, the rotation of the gear assembly 4, through the rack 5, drives the hatch cover 2 to slide from the middle section 12 to the port side 11. At this time, the starboard side drive 32 is stopped or set to free-wheeling mode to avoid interfering with the sliding of the hatch cover 2. During this sliding process, the rollers 21 on the hatch cover 2 roll along the tracks of the hatch body 1, ensuring smooth movement of the hatch cover 2 toward the port side 11. As the hatch cover 2 slides, it eventually reaches the port side 11, fully opening the cargo hatch in the middle section 12 for loading and unloading operations by barges on the starboard side.

[0050] In this embodiment, both the port and starboard drive elements 31 and 32 are hydraulic motors. During operation, the bypass ball valves of the hydraulic motors are precisely controlled according to the specific hatch opening requirements. For example, when the hatch cover 2 needs to be slid toward the port portion 11, the bypass ball valve of the port hydraulic motor is closed, and hydraulic oil flows through the hydraulic motor's normal operating circuit. The port hydraulic motor can operate normally, causing the output shaft to rotate the gear assembly 4. The gear assembly 4 meshes with the rack 5, converting the rotational motion into linear sliding motion of the hatch cover 2 from the intermediate portion 12 to the port portion 11. Simultaneously, the bypass ball valve of the starboard hydraulic motor is opened, and the return oil from the starboard hydraulic motor flows directly back to the tank or other low-pressure area. This deactivates the starboard hydraulic motor and frees its output shaft. Consequently, the gear assembly 4 on the output shaft of the starboard hydraulic motor does not interfere with the sliding of the rack 5 toward the port portion 11.

[0051] The double-side opening hatch cover system of this embodiment is equipped with a port drive 31 and a starboard drive 32, each meshing through a gear assembly 4 and a rack 5 to convert rotational motion into linear sliding motion of the hatch cover 2. When the hatch cover 2 needs to slide toward the port portion 11, the port drive 31 is activated, and its output drives the gear assembly 4 to rotate. The gear assembly 4, via the rack 5, drives the hatch cover 2 from the middle portion 12 to the port portion 11. When the hatch cover 2 needs to slide toward the starboard portion 13, the starboard drive 32 is activated, driving the hatch cover 2 to slide toward the starboard portion 13. This enables rapid sliding of the hatch cover 2 from the middle portion 12 to either the port portion 11 or the starboard portion 13, meeting the requirements for rapid loading and unloading when an ore carrier is passing a barge at an anchorage. This significantly improves loading and unloading efficiency, reduces time costs, and effectively increases the utilization rate of both ships and anchorages.

[0052] See also Figure 4 Preferably, the rack 5 includes a port rack 51, an intermediate rack 52, and a starboard rack 53, spaced apart from each other. The port rack 51 is connected to the left side of the hatch cover 2, the intermediate rack 52 is connected to the middle section of the hatch cover 2, and the starboard rack 53 is connected to the right side of the hatch cover 2. The port drive member 31 sequentially meshes with the port rack 51 and the intermediate rack 52 through the gear assembly 4, while the starboard drive member 32 sequentially meshes with the starboard rack 53 and the intermediate rack 52 through the gear assembly 4.

[0053] In this embodiment, when the port drive member 31 is activated, the output end of the port drive member 31 drives the corresponding gear assembly 4 to rotate. The gear assembly 4 first engages with the port rack 51, driving the hatch cover 2 to begin sliding toward the port portion 11. When the hatch cover 2 slides to the gap between the port rack 51 and the intermediate rack 52, the gear assembly 4 gradually disengages from the port rack 51 and begins to engage with the intermediate rack 52, continuing to drive the hatch cover 2 to slide toward the port portion 11 until the hatch cover 2 fully reaches the port portion 11. When the starboard drive member 32 is activated, the output end of the starboard drive member 32 drives the corresponding gear assembly 4 to rotate. The gear assembly 4 first engages with the starboard rack 53, driving the hatch cover 2 to begin sliding toward the starboard portion 13. When the hatch cover 2 slides to the gap between the starboard rack 53 and the intermediate rack 52, the gear assembly 4 gradually disengages the starboard rack 53 and begins to mesh with the intermediate rack 52, continuing to drive the hatch cover 2 to slide toward the starboard portion 13 until the hatch cover 2 fully reaches the starboard portion 13. The rack 5 is designed to consist of a port rack 51, an intermediate rack 52, and a starboard rack 53 spaced apart, ensuring a good seal between the edge of the hatch cover 2 and the hatch body 1, effectively preventing seawater and debris from entering the cargo hold and ensuring the safety of the cargo inside.

[0054] See also Figure 4Preferably, the double-side opening hatch cover system of this embodiment further includes a port drive arm 6 and a starboard drive arm 7. A port rack 51 is provided on the port drive arm 6 and connected to the left side of the hatch cover 2 via the port drive arm 6. A starboard rack 53 is provided on the starboard drive arm 7 and connected to the right side of the hatch cover 2 via the starboard drive arm 7. When the port drive member 31 is activated, the gear assembly 4 at its output end engages with the port rack 51. The port rack 51 is connected to the left side of the hatch cover 2 via the port drive arm 6. Therefore, the rotational motion of the gear assembly 4 is transmitted to the port drive arm 6 via the port drive arm 6, which then transmits the driving force to the left side of the hatch cover 2. When the starboard drive member 32 is activated, the gear assembly 4 at its output end engages with the starboard rack 53. The starboard rack 53 is connected to the right side of the hatch cover 2 via the starboard drive arm 7. Therefore, the rotational motion of the gear assembly 4 is transmitted via the starboard rack 53 to the starboard drive arm 7, which then transmits the driving force to the right side of the hatch cover 2. The port and starboard racks 51, 53 are respectively located on the port and starboard drive arms 6, 7, and connected to the hatch cover 2 via the port and starboard drive arms 6, 7. This improves the reliability of the hatch cover system and reduces the risk of failure due to loose connections. The rotational motion of the gear assembly 4 is converted into linear sliding motion of the hatch cover 2 via the port and starboard drive arms 6, 7, enabling the hatch cover 2 to slide left and right. The provision of the port and starboard drive arms 6, 7 enhances the stability of the hatch cover system, ensuring uniform force and smooth movement of the hatch cover 2 during sliding.

[0055] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 Preferably, the gear assembly 4 includes a driving gear 41, a transition gear 42, and a driven gear 43 that mesh with each other in sequence. The driving gear 41 and the driven gear 43 rotate in the same direction. The output ends of the port driving member 31 and the starboard driving member 32 are respectively connected to the corresponding driving gear 41. The port driving member 31 meshes with the port rack 51 and the intermediate rack 52 in sequence through the corresponding driving gear 41 and the driven gear 43. The starboard driving member 32 meshes with the starboard rack 53 and the intermediate rack 52 in sequence through the corresponding driving gear and the driven gear.

[0056] In this embodiment, when the port side drive member 31 is started, the output end of the port side drive member 31 drives the driving gear 41 to rotate. The driving gear 41 first engages with the port side rack 51, driving the hatch cover 2 to begin sliding toward the port side portion 11. As the hatch cover 2 slides, the port side rack 51 gradually slides to a position where it engages with the driven gear 43. The driving gear 41 continues to rotate, driving the driven gear 43 to rotate in the same direction through the transition gear 42. As the hatch cover 2 continues to slide, the port side rack 51 gradually separates from the driving gear 41, causing the driving gear 41 to be located in the gap between the port side rack 51 and the middle rack 52. The driving gear 41 continues to drive the driven gear 43 to rotate, and the driven gear 43 continues to maintain meshing transmission with the port side rack 51, pushing the hatch cover 2 to continue sliding toward the port side portion 11, causing the driving gear 41 to engage with the middle rack 52. As the driving gear 41 continues to rotate, the intermediate rack 52 is driven to further move along the sliding direction of the hatch cover 2 , thereby pushing the hatch cover 2 to continue to slide smoothly toward the port portion 11 .

[0057] In this embodiment, when the starboard drive member 32 is activated, the output end of the starboard drive member 32 drives the driving gear 41 to rotate. The driving gear 41 first engages with the starboard rack 53, driving the hatch cover 2 to begin sliding toward the starboard portion 13. As the hatch cover 2 slides, the starboard rack 53 gradually slides to a position where it meshes with the driven gear 43. The driving gear 41 continues to rotate, driving the driven gear 43 to rotate in the same direction through the transition gear 42. As the hatch cover 2 continues to slide, the starboard rack 53 gradually separates from the driving gear 41, causing the driving gear 41 to be located between the starboard rack 53 and the intermediate rack 52. The driving gear 41 continues to drive the driven gear 43 to rotate, and the driven gear 43 remains meshed with the starboard rack 53, pushing the hatch cover 2 to continue sliding toward the starboard portion 13, causing the driving gear 41 to mesh with the intermediate rack 52. As the driving gear 41 continues to rotate, the intermediate rack 52 is driven to further move along the sliding direction of the hatch cover 2 , thereby pushing the hatch cover 2 to continue to slide smoothly toward the starboard portion 13 .

[0058] In this embodiment, the gear assembly 4 includes a driving gear 41, a transition gear 42, and a driven gear 43 that mesh with each other in sequence, thereby effectively ensuring that the gear assembly 4 can smoothly transition from the port rack 51 or the starboard rack 53 to the intermediate rack 52. Specifically, when the port drive 31 or the starboard drive 32 is started, the driving gear 41 first meshes with the corresponding port rack (the port rack 51 or the starboard rack 53), driving the hatch cover 2 to begin sliding. As the hatch cover 2 slides, the port rack gradually meshes with the driven gear 43. The driving gear 41 continues to rotate, driving the driven gear 43 to rotate in the same direction through the transition gear 42. As the hatch cover 2 continues to slide, the port rack gradually separates from the driving gear 41, and the driving gear 41 enters the gap between the port rack and the intermediate rack 52. At this point, the driven gear 43 remains engaged with the side rack, continuing to push the hatch cover 2 to slide until the driving gear 41 engages the intermediate rack 52, achieving a smooth transition. This smooth transition improves the continuity and smoothness of the sliding of the hatch cover 2, while ensuring the reliability and stability of the entire transmission process, meeting the requirements of ore carriers for fast and smooth opening and closing of the hatch cover 2 during loading and unloading at anchor.

[0059] See also Figure 4 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8Preferably, the double-sided opening hatch cover system of this embodiment further includes a lifting structure 8. A through hole 121 is defined in the middle portion 12 of the hatch body 1. The lifting structure 8 is disposed below the middle portion 12 and corresponds to the through hole 121. When the hatch cover 2 is located in the middle portion 12, a roller 21 engages in the through hole 121. The lifting structure 8 is configured to push the roller 21 upward, separating the roller 21 from the through hole 121. The engagement of the roller 21 in the through hole 121 effectively prevents accidental displacement of the hatch cover 2 when not in use, ensuring that it remains stably in the closed position of the middle portion 12. When the hatch cover 2 needs to be opened, the lifting structure 8 ejects the roller 21 from the through hole 121, allowing the roller 21 to rotate on the hatch body 1, allowing the hatch cover 2 to slide under the action of the drive structure 3. The provision of the lifting structure 8 simplifies the opening operation of the hatch cover 2, allowing the roller 21 to quickly disengage from the through-hole 121 and enter a sliding state. In this embodiment, the lifting structure 8 comprises a lifting cylinder 81 and a lifting block 82 connected to the cylinder's output shaft. When the roller 21 is engaged in the through-hole 121, the upper surface of the lifting block 82 abuts against the roller 21. After the lifting cylinder 81 is started, the output shaft of the lifting cylinder 81 drives the lifting block 82 to rise until the upper surface of the lifting block 82 is flush with the upper surface of the hatch body 1, thereby pushing the roller 21 to move upward and disengage from the through hole 121; when the hatch cover 2 slides from the port part 11 or the starboard part 13 back to the initial position of the middle part 12, the lifting block 82 remains flush with the upper surface of the hatch body 1. When the roller 21 moves to abut against the upper surface of the lifting block 82, the output shaft of the lifting cylinder 81 drives the lifting block 82 to move downward, thereby the roller 21 descends with the lifting block 82 and is engaged in the through hole 121. Furthermore, the hatch body 1 is fixedly connected to guide plates 83 on both sides of the jacking block 82, and guide grooves are provided on the guide plates 83 along the sliding direction of the jacking block 82. The two side portions of the jacking block 82 are slidably connected in the guide grooves of the guide plates 83, thereby enabling the jacking block 82 to maintain good stability during the lifting process, preventing it from shifting or shaking in the vertical direction, and ensuring that the roller 21 is accurately ejected or clamped.

[0060] See also Figure 4 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10Preferably, the double-sided opening hatch cover system of this embodiment further includes a limiting structure 9, which includes a limiting mating portion 91 connected to the hatch cover panel 2 and a limiting assembly 92 provided in the middle portion 12. The limiting assembly 92 is configured to form a stopper with the limiting mating portion 91. When the hatch cover panel 2 slides from the port portion 11 or the starboard portion 13 to the initial position of the middle portion 12, the limiting mating portion 91 contacts the limiting assembly 92, and the limiting mating portion 91 and the limiting assembly 92 form a tight stopper, effectively preventing the hatch cover panel 2 from sliding further and ensuring that it stops accurately at the preset stop position. This prevents the hatch cover panel 2 from sliding excessively, ensures that the hatch cover panel 2 stops accurately at the initial position in the middle portion 12, and improves the accuracy and reliability of operation.

[0061] See also Figure 4 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 Preferably, the limiting assembly 92 includes a limiting base 921 and a limiting block 922. The limiting base 921 is provided on both the left and right sides of the limiting mating portion 91. The limiting blocks 922 are movably mounted on the limiting bases 921 on both sides of the limiting mating portion 91. The limiting blocks 922 are configured to form a stop with the limiting mating portion 91. When the hatch cover 2 needs to be slid from the middle portion 12 to the port portion 11, the operator places the limiting block 922 on the limiting base 921 on the right side of the limiting mating portion 91. At this point, the limiting base 921 on the left side of the limiting mating portion 91 has sufficient clearance for the limiting mating portion 91 to pass through. Therefore, when the hatch cover 2 slides toward the port portion 11, the limiting mating portion 91 can smoothly pass through the limiting base 921 on the left side without being obstructed. When the hatch cover 2 slides from the port section 11 back to the middle section 12, a stopper 922 placed on the stopper base 921 on the right side of the stopper fitting portion 91 abuts against the stopper fitting portion 91, forming a stop. This ensures that the hatch cover 2 is accurately positioned in its initial position in the middle section 12 and prevents excessive sliding. Correspondingly, when the hatch cover 2 needs to slide from the middle section 12 to the starboard section 13, the operator places the stopper 922 on the stopper base 921 on the left side of the stopper fitting portion 91. Furthermore, buffer devices 911 are provided on both the left and right sides of the stopper fitting portion 91, secured to the stopper fitting portion 91 via bolt assemblies. During the sliding movement of the hatch cover 2, the stopper fitting portion 91 abuts against the stopper 922 via the buffer device 911, forming a stopper. When the buffer device 911 of the limiting fitting portion 91 contacts the limiting block 922 , the buffer device 911 can play a buffering role, making the sliding and limiting process of the hatch cover 2 smoother, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the operation.

[0062] See also Figure 11Preferably, the limiting structure 9 further includes positioning assemblies 93, each provided on the port portion 11 and the starboard portion 13. The limiting mating portion 91 defines a first latch hole 91a, and the positioning assembly 93 defines a second latch hole 93a. When the hatch cover 2 slides from the middle portion 12 toward the port portion 11 or the starboard portion 13 to the fully open position, the limiting mating portion 91 and the positioning assembly 93 form a stopper, and the first latch hole 91a of the limiting mating portion 91 communicates with the second latch hole 93a of the positioning assembly 93. By providing the positioning assemblies 93 on the port portion 11 and the starboard portion 13, when the hatch cover 2 slides from the middle portion 12 toward the port portion 11 or the starboard portion 13 to the fully open position, the positioning assemblies 93 abut against the limiting mating portion 91 on the hatch cover 2 to form a stopper, thereby preventing the hatch cover 2 from sliding further, ensuring that the hatch cover 2 is stably parked in the fully open position, and achieving precise positioning of the hatch cover 2. At this point, the first latch hole 91a of the position-limiting mating portion 91 is connected to the second latch hole 93a of the positioning assembly 93. The insertion of the latch further secures the hatch cover 2, preventing it from accidentally slipping. This ensures the stability of the hatch cover 2 in the open state, improving operational safety and reliability, while also facilitating quick locking and release of the hatch cover 2, thereby increasing operational efficiency.

[0063] See also Figure 4 and Figure 12 Preferably, the double-sided opening hatch cover system of this embodiment further includes a clamp 10. The clamp 10 is provided on the hatch body 1. When the hatch cover plate 2 is located in the middle portion 12 of the hatch body 1, the clamp 10 is used to clamp and fix the hatch cover plate 2 to the hatch body 1. The clamp 10 firmly fixes the hatch cover plate 2 to the hatch body 1, preventing the hatch cover plate 2 from loosening or even accidentally opening. The continuous pressure applied by the clamp 10 can ensure that the hatch cover plate 2 fits tightly to the hatch body 1, and can effectively prevent the hatch cover plate 2 from loosening or misalignment even when the ship is shaking violently, thereby reducing the risk of the hatch cover plate 2 accidentally opening due to external forces, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the hatch cover system.

[0064] The working process of the double-side opening hatch cover system of this embodiment is as follows:

[0065] Initial state: the hatch cover 2 is located in the middle portion 12 of the hatch body 1. At this time, the cargo hatch is covered by the hatch cover 2 and is in a closed state.

[0066] When the hatch cover 2 slides open from the middle portion 12 toward the port portion 11 or starboard portion 13: the lifting mechanism 8 is activated, the lifting cylinder 81 is actuated, the lifting block 82 rises, pushing the roller 21 upward, causing it to disengage from the through-hole 121. The drive mechanism 3 is activated, and when the hatch cover 2 slides toward the port portion 11, the port drive member 31 is activated, and the driving gear 41 at the output end of the port drive member 31 rotates. The driving gear 41 meshes with the port rack 51 and the intermediate rack 52, driving the hatch cover 2 to begin sliding toward the port portion 11. When the hatch cover 2 slides toward the starboard portion 13, the starboard drive member 32 is activated, and the driving gear 41 at the output end of the starboard drive member 32 rotates. The driving gear 41 meshes with the starboard rack 53 and the intermediate rack 52, driving the hatch cover 2 to begin sliding toward the starboard portion 13.

[0067] The hatch cover 2 is finally positioned after opening: When the hatch cover 2 reaches the fully open position on the port portion 11 or the starboard portion 13, the stopper 91 engages with the corresponding positioning assembly 93 to form a stop. The first latch hole 91a of the stopper 91 communicates with the second latch hole 93a of the positioning assembly 93. Inserting the latch further secures the hatch cover 2 and prevents it from accidentally sliding.

[0068] When the hatch cover 2 slides from the port side portion 11 or the starboard side portion 13 back to the middle portion 12: the latch is pulled out to release the fixation between the limiting fitting portion 91 and the positioning assembly 93. The driving structure 3 is activated. When the hatch cover 2 slides from the port side portion 11 back to the middle portion 12, the starboard side driving member 32 is activated, and the driving gear 41 at the output end of the starboard side driving member 32 rotates. The driving gear 41 engages with the starboard side rack 53 and the middle rack 52 to drive the hatch cover 2 to slide toward the middle portion 12. When sliding from the starboard side portion 13 back to the middle portion 12, the port side driving member 31 is activated, and the driving gear 41 at the output end of the port side driving member 31 rotates. The driving gear 41 engages with the port side rack 51 and the middle rack 52 to drive the hatch cover 2 to slide toward the middle portion 12.

[0069] After closing, the hatch cover 2 is positioned in its final position: When the hatch cover 2 reaches the middle portion 12, the stopper 91 contacts the stop assembly 92, forming a stop fit, ensuring that the hatch cover 2 is securely stopped. The output shaft of the lifting cylinder 81 drives the lifting block 82 downward, allowing the roller 21 to reengage in the through hole 121. The clamp 10 compresses the hatch cover 2, ensuring that it fits tightly against the hatch body 1.

[0070] Based on the double-sided opening hatch cover system of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a ship. The ship of this embodiment includes the double-sided opening hatch cover system of this embodiment.

[0071] See also Figure 13The hatch cover system is installed along the ship's width. Initially, the hatch cover plate 2 is located in the middle portion 12 of the hatch body 1, and the cargo hold is closed. When the cargo hold needs to be opened for loading and unloading, the drive mechanism 3 is operated to slide the hatch cover plate 2 toward the port portion 11 or the starboard portion 13, depending on the specific opening requirements, thereby opening the cargo hold.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present invention, and that in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-sided opening hatch cover system, characterized in that: include: A hatch body (1), comprising a port side portion (11), a middle portion (12), and a starboard side portion (13) sequentially connected along the width direction of the ship; A hatch cover plate (2), wherein a roller (21) is provided on the hatch cover plate (2), and the hatch cover plate (2) is slidably connected to the hatch body (1) via the roller (21); A driving structure (3) includes a port driving member (31) provided on the left side of the hatch cover (2) and a starboard driving member (32) provided on the right side of the hatch cover (2), the output ends of the port driving member (31) and the starboard driving member (32) being respectively connected to a gear assembly (4), the hatch cover (2) being connected to a rack (5) extending in a horizontal direction, the port driving member (31) and the starboard driving member (32) being respectively engaged with the rack (5) through the corresponding gear assembly (4), and the driving structure (3) being used to drive the hatch cover (2) to slide from the middle portion (12) to the port portion (11) or the starboard portion (13).

2. The double-side opening hatch cover system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rack (5) includes a port rack (51), a middle rack (52) and a starboard rack (53) which are arranged at intervals; The port side rack (51) is connected to the left side of the hatch cover (2), the middle rack (52) is connected to the middle section of the hatch cover (2), and the starboard side rack (53) is connected to the right side of the hatch cover (2); The port side driving member (31) is meshed with the port side rack (51) and the middle rack (52) in sequence through the gear assembly (4), and the starboard side driving member (32) is meshed with the starboard side rack (53) and the middle rack (52) in sequence through the gear assembly (4).

3. The double-side opening hatch cover system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also includes a port driving arm (6) and a starboard driving arm (7), wherein the port rack (51) is provided on the port driving arm (6) and is connected to the left side of the hatch cover (2) through the port driving arm (6), and the starboard rack (53) is provided on the starboard driving arm (7) and is connected to the right side of the hatch cover (2) through the starboard driving arm (7).

4. The double-side opening hatch cover system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear assembly (4) comprises a driving gear (41), a transition gear (42) and a driven gear (43) which are meshed with each other in sequence; The driving gear (41) and the driven gear (43) rotate in the same direction; The output ends of the port driving member (31) and the starboard driving member (32) are respectively connected to the corresponding driving gears (41); The port driving member (31) is meshed with the port rack (51) and the intermediate rack (52) in sequence through the corresponding driving gear (41) and the driven gear (43); The starboard driving member (32) is meshed with the starboard rack (53) and the intermediate rack (52) in sequence through the corresponding driving gear and the driven gear.

5. The double-side opening hatch cover system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a lifting structure (8), wherein a through hole (121) is provided on the middle portion (12) of the hatch body (1), and the lifting structure (8) is arranged below the middle portion (12) and corresponds to the through hole (121). When the hatch cover (2) is located in the middle portion (12), the roller (21) is engaged in the through hole (121), and the lifting structure (8) is used to push the roller (21) upward to separate the roller (21) from the through hole (121).

6. The double-side opening hatch cover system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a limiting structure (9), wherein the limiting structure (9) includes a limiting matching portion (91) connected to the hatch cover (2) and a limiting assembly (92) provided on the middle portion (12), and the limiting assembly (92) is used to form a stopper match with the limiting matching portion (91).

7. The double-side opening hatch cover system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting assembly (92) includes a limiting base (921) and a limiting block (922). The limiting base (921) is provided on both the left and right sides of the limiting fitting portion (91). The limiting blocks (922) are movably provided on the limiting base (921) on both sides of the limiting fitting portion (91). The limiting blocks (922) are used to form a stop fit with the limiting fitting portion (91).

8. The double-side opening hatch cover system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting structure (9) further includes positioning components (93) respectively provided on the port side portion (11) and the starboard side portion (13); a first latch hole (91a) is provided on the limiting matching portion (91); a second latch hole (93a) is provided on the positioning component (93); when the hatch cover (2) slides from the middle portion (12) to the port side portion (11) or the starboard side portion (13) to a fully open position, the limiting matching portion (91) forms a stopper match with the positioning component (93), and the first latch hole (91a) of the limiting matching portion (91) and the second latch hole (93a) of the positioning component (93) are connected.

9. The double-side opening hatch cover system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a tightener (10), which is arranged on the hatch body (1). When the hatch cover plate (2) is located in the middle part (12) of the hatch body (1), the tightener (10) is used to tighten and fix the hatch cover plate (2) to the hatch body (1).

10. A ship, characterized in that: The double-sided opening hatch cover system comprises the double-sided opening hatch cover system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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