Prism device and roadway measurement method

Abstract

The invention relates to a prism device and a roadway measuring method.The prism device comprises a prism body, a supporting assembly and a positioning column which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the positioning column is vertically inserted into a roadway bottom plate, and the supporting assembly comprises a supporting base installed at the top end of the positioning column; and the supporting rod is connected between the supporting seat and the prism body and can drive the prism body to rotate around the axis of the positioning column. The prism device is installed on the roadway bottom plate, the prism body is installed through cooperation of the positioning column and the supporting assembly, the installation convenience is improved, different measurement requirements can be met, the roadway measurement precision is guaranteed, and the arrangement time of the prism is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a prism device and a tunnel measurement method. Background Art

[0002] The traditional surveying work during underground tunnel construction is to calibrate it on the ground according to the design requirements. The main surveying work is to give the center line and waist line of the tunnel. At present, the polar coordinate traverse method is widely used in surveying work. During the surveying work, it is necessary to lay out control points on the tunnel roof and hang prisms on these control points to complete the measurement operation. In the related technology, the prism is installed at the control point of the tunnel roof by fixing bent nails with cement. In this process, it is necessary to measure the distance from the top control point to the top of the total station, as well as the rod length of the prism. However, due to the limited height of the tunnel, it is difficult to avoid data errors during measurement, which leads to large or small deviations in the three-dimensional coordinate elevation values, which ultimately affects the accuracy and reliability of the tunnel measurement data. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a prism device and a tunnel measurement method to at least partially solve the technical problems existing in the related art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present disclosure provides a prism device, comprising a prism body, a support assembly, and a positioning column connected in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the positioning column is vertically inserted into the tunnel floor, and the support assembly comprises: A support seat mounted on the top of the positioning column; and The support rod is connected between the support seat and the prism body and can drive the prism body to rotate around the axis of the positioning column.

[0005] Optionally, the support seat is constructed as a cylindrical structure coaxially arranged with the positioning column, and the cylindrical structure includes: a bottom wall fixed to the top end of the positioning post; and An opening is formed at the top of the cylindrical structure and is used for plugging and matching with the support rod along the axial direction of the cylindrical structure.

[0006] Optionally, a first insertion hole is formed on the peripheral side wall of the cylindrical structure, and the support assembly further includes a push rod, which is used to pass through the first insertion hole radially along the cylindrical structure to limit the support rod to a current position.

[0007] Optionally, the support assembly further includes a connecting ring, the two ends of which are respectively plugged into and fitted with the support rod and one end of the tubular structure that are close to each other, and a second socket is provided on the peripheral wall of the connecting ring for the push rod to extend into the interior of the connecting ring.

[0008] Optionally, the second insertion hole is configured as a waist-shaped hole extending circumferentially along the connecting ring, the width of the waist-shaped hole is the same as the outer diameter of the push rod, and the edge curvature of the waist-shaped hole matches that of the push rod.

[0009] Optionally, a locking nut is also included, and the positioning column is configured as an expansion screw partially inserted into the tunnel floor. The locking nut is used to be screwed onto one end of the expansion screw extending from the tunnel floor and is fitted with the tunnel floor.

[0010] A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for measuring a roadway, wherein the method uses the prism device described above to measure the roadway, and the method comprises: There are at least two control points set at intervals on the tunnel wall, and a total station is set up in the tunnel; Based on the coordinates of each of the control points, determining the coordinates of the total station installation point through the built-in program of the total station; and Based on the coordinates of the erection points, the waistline and characteristic points in the tunnel are calculated and calibrated by the built-in program of the total station.

[0011] Optionally, in the step of setting up a total station in the tunnel and determining the coordinates of the setting point of the total station, the method includes: The total station is leveled.

[0012] Optionally, in the step of determining the coordinates of the total station installation points by a built-in program of the total station based on the coordinates of each of the control points, the method includes: Inputting the three-dimensional coordinate data of each control point into the built-in program of the total station; and The prism device is respectively inserted at each of the control points, and the total station laser sight is aimed at the center of the prism body at each control point to obtain multiple groups of observation values ​​for determining the coordinates of the installation points.

[0013] Optionally, each of the control points is located on the same side of the tunnel wall.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the prism device is installed on the tunnel floor, and the installation of the prism body is achieved through the cooperation of the positioning column and the support assembly. While improving the installation convenience, it can meet different measurement needs. While ensuring the tunnel measurement accuracy, it also shortens the prism arrangement time.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following detailed description, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a prism device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a roadway measurement principle provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a tunnel measurement method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Description of Reference Numerals 1-prism body; 2-support assembly; 21-support seat; 211-bottom wall; 212-opening; 213-first socket; 22-support rod; 23-push rod; 24-connecting ring; 241-second socket; 3-positioning column; 4-locking nut; 5-tunnel floor; 6-total station; 7-control point; 71-first control point; 72-second control point; 10-prism device; 101-first prism device; 102-second prism device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present disclosure in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0019] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional words such as "inside" and "outside" refer to the outlines of the corresponding components themselves; directional words such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "horizontal" and "vertical" are defined based on the usage habits of the prism device provided by the present disclosure. Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 The terms "first" and "second" used in this disclosure are intended to distinguish one element from another and do not necessarily indicate order or importance. In addition, when the following description refers to the drawings, the same reference numerals in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0020] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2The present disclosure provides a prism device, which may include a prism body 1, a support assembly 2, and a positioning column 3 connected in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the positioning column 3 can be vertically inserted into the tunnel floor 5 to ensure the precise positioning of the prism body 1 during installation in the tunnel and ensure stable operation of the prism device. The support assembly 2 may include a support seat 21 and a support rod 22, wherein the support seat 21 can be installed on the top of the positioning column 3 to ensure the accuracy of the installation position of the support seat 21, thereby enabling the position of the prism body 1 to be accurately determined. This connection method also allows space to be more effectively utilized, making the layout of the various components of the entire prism device more compact. The support rod 22 can be connected between the support seat 21 and the prism body 1 and can drive the prism body 1 to rotate around the axis of the positioning column 3, making the angle adjustment of the prism body 1 flexible and convenient. The angle of the prism body 1 can be accurately adjusted according to actual needs to meet different measurement requirements, and also avoids the space occupied by other complex support structures.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the prism device is installed on the tunnel floor 5, and the installation of the prism body 1 is achieved through the cooperation of the positioning column 3 and the support assembly 2. While improving the installation convenience, it can meet different measurement needs. While ensuring the tunnel measurement accuracy, it also shortens the arrangement time of the prism.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 The support seat 21 can be constructed as a cylindrical structure coaxially arranged with the positioning column 3, and the cylindrical structure can include a bottom wall 211 and an opening 212. The bottom wall 211 can be fixed to the top of the positioning column 3. In the present disclosure, by coaxially arranging the cylindrical structure with the positioning column 3, the accuracy of the angle adjustment of the prism body 1 and the accuracy of the measurement data are effectively ensured. In the embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the bottom wall 211 can be welded and fixed to the positioning column 3 to ensure the connection strength between the support seat 21 and the positioning column 3, thereby improving the overall effect and structural strength of the prism device. The opening 212 can be formed at the top of the cylindrical structure for plugging and mating with the support rod 22 along the axial direction of the cylindrical structure, which not only facilitates the installation of the support seat 21 and the support rod 22, but also ensures that the support seat 21 provides stable support for the support rod 22.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 A first insertion hole 213 can be formed on the peripheral side wall of the cylindrical structure, and the support assembly 2 also includes a push rod 23, which can be used to pass through the first insertion hole 213 radially along the cylindrical structure, so that the push rod 23 can apply a thrust to the support rod 22 in a lateral direction, thereby limiting the support rod 22 to the current position, so that the prism body 1 can be accurately positioned at a rotation angle in a horizontal plane, and the operation is simple and efficient.

[0024] Reference Figure 1The support assembly 2 may further include a connecting ring 24, the two ends of the connecting ring 24 along its axial direction may be respectively plugged into and matched with the support rod 22 and the end of the cylindrical structure that is close to each other. Specifically, in the present disclosure, the end of the connecting ring 24 close to the cylindrical structure may be coaxially inserted into the cylindrical structure through the above-mentioned opening 212, and the outer diameter of the connecting ring 24 may match the inner diameter of the cylindrical structure. The end of the connecting ring 24 close to the support rod 22 may be coaxially sleeved on the end of the support rod 22, and the inner diameter of the connecting ring 24 may match the outer diameter of the support rod 22. Such a design ensures the connection strength of the support rod 22, the connecting ring 24 and the support seat 21 while also achieving a detachable connection so that the relative positions of the three can be adjusted according to measurement needs, thereby improving the versatility of the prism device. Moreover, when one or more of the support rod 22, the connecting ring 24 and the support seat 21 need to be replaced or repaired, only the corresponding parts need to be removed without replacing the entire prism assembly. A second socket 241 is provided on the peripheral wall of the connecting ring 24 for the push rod 23 to extend into the interior of the connecting ring 24. By inserting the push rod 23 into the second socket 241, the support rod 22 and the support seat 21 are confined to the current position and remain unchanged, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy and the connection effect between the components.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 The second insertion hole 241 can be constructed as a waist-shaped hole extending circumferentially along the connecting ring 24, so that the push rod 23 can rotate around the axis of the positioning column 3 when inserted into the second insertion hole 241, so as to be able to adapt to different measurement directions and improve the versatility of the prism device. The width of the waist-shaped hole can be the same as the outer diameter of the push rod 23, so that the prism body 1 can be limited in the vertical direction, so that the position of the prism body 1 in the vertical direction remains unchanged to avoid affecting the measurement accuracy. In the embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the edge curvature of the waist-shaped hole can match the push rod 23, so that when the push rod 23 slides to the edge of the waist-shaped hole, it fits exactly with the inner wall of the waist-shaped hole, while ensuring the limiting effect of the push rod 23, the integrity of the prism device is improved.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The prism device may also include a locking nut 4. The positioning column 3 may be configured as an expansion screw partially inserted into the tunnel floor 5. The expansion screw serves as the positioning column 3, which can effectively ensure the connection strength between the prism device and the tunnel floor 5, thereby ensuring the stability of the prism device installed on the tunnel floor 5. The expansion principle of the expansion screw is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described here. The locking nut 4 can be used to be screwed onto the end of the expansion screw extending from the tunnel floor 5 to further fix the positioning column 3. The end face of the locking nut 4 can be fitted with the tunnel floor 5, thereby improving the overall effect of the prism device and the tunnel floor 5. At the same time, the expansion screw can be radially limited to ensure that the prism body 1 does not shake or deflect during operation, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the prism device during measurement.

[0027] The second aspect of the present disclosure provides a tunnel measurement method, which uses the prism device described above to measure the tunnel, and the method has all the beneficial effects of the prism device described above. No further details will be given here. The method provided by the present disclosure may include step S1, wherein at least two control points 7 are set at intervals on the tunnel wall, and a total station 6 is set up in the tunnel. The total station 6 can be set up at a desired position in the forward direction of the multiple control points 7, thereby ensuring that the total station 6 has line of sight with the multiple control points 7. At the same time, the total station 6 can measure the position of the excavation face in the forward direction to ensure the measurement effect; the method may also include step S2 after step S1, based on the coordinates of each control point 7, determining the coordinates of the total station 6 installation point through the built-in program of the total station 6. Different numbers and distributions of control points 7 can be selected to determine the coordinates of the total station 6 installation point according to the actual measurement environment and needs to adapt to various different tunnel measurements. The method may also include step S3 after step S2, based on the coordinates of the installation points, calculating and calibrating the tunnel waistline and feature points through the built-in program of the total station 6. The total station 6 can quickly and accurately provide measurement results, ensuring that the tunnel is excavated in strict accordance with design requirements in both horizontal and vertical directions, effectively controlling the tunnel's slope and directional deviation, and ensuring high-precision tunnel construction. By using the measurement method provided by the present disclosure, directional measurement can be performed by simply inputting the coordinates of two wall control points 7, eliminating the need to measure the prism height and instrument height required by traditional techniques. This reduces elevation errors generated during the measurement process and improves measurement accuracy.

[0028] In the embodiment provided by the present disclosure, a total station 6 is set in the tunnel. In the step of determining the coordinates of the installation point of the total station 6, the method also includes a step of leveling the total station 6. By leveling the total station 6, the vertical axis of the total station 6 can be kept vertical and the horizontal disk can be kept horizontal, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3In the step of determining the coordinates of the installation point of the total station 6 through the built-in program of the total station 6 based on the coordinates of each control point 7, the method provided by the present disclosure includes inputting the three-dimensional coordinate data of each control point 7 into the built-in program of the total station 6 and inserting a prism device 10 at each control point 7, aiming the laser sight of the total station 6 at the center of the prism body 1 at each control point 7, so as to obtain multiple groups of observation values ​​for determining the coordinates of the installation points. In the embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the control point 71 may include a first control point 71 and a second control point 72. Accordingly, the prism device 10 may include a first prism device 101 and a second prism device 102, and the two prism devices 10 may be inserted on the tunnel floor 5 at intervals corresponding to the two control points 7. In the specific measurement process, the coordinate information of the first control point 71 may be input into the total station 6. At the same time, the total station 6 is aimed at the center position of the first prism device 101, which is the center position. Figure 1 At A in the figure, the angle and distance information are calculated by the built-in rear intersection program of the total station 6; after that, the coordinate information of the second control point 72 is input into the total station 6. At the same time, the total station 6 is aimed at the center position of the second prism device 102 to calculate the angle and distance information by the built-in rear intersection program of the total station 6, so as to obtain the three-dimensional coordinate information of the installation position of the total station 6 through program calculation. The principle of using the rear intersection program to calculate the three-dimensional coordinate information is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0030] Reference Figure 2 In the embodiment provided in the present disclosure, each control point 7 is located on the same side of the tunnel wall, that is, the first control point 71 and the second control point 72 can be located on the same side of the tunnel wall. In this way, the total station 6 can have a line of sight with each control point 7, and thus can complete the observation at one time, avoiding the need to move the station multiple times or set up auxiliary equipment due to obstruction, and effectively ensuring the accuracy of the rear intersection calculation.

[0031] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0032] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0033] In addition, the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A prism device, characterized in that: The prism body, the support assembly and the positioning column are connected in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the positioning column is vertically inserted into the tunnel floor, and the support assembly includes: A support seat mounted on the top of the positioning column; and The support rod is connected between the support seat and the prism body and can drive the prism body to rotate around the axis of the positioning column.

2. The prism device according to claim 1, wherein The support seat is constructed as a cylindrical structure coaxially arranged with the positioning column, and the cylindrical structure includes: a bottom wall fixed to the top end of the positioning post; and An opening is formed at the top of the cylindrical structure and is used for plugging and matching with the support rod along the axial direction of the cylindrical structure.

3. The prism device according to claim 2, wherein: A first insertion hole is formed on the peripheral side wall of the cylindrical structure, and the support assembly further includes a push rod, which is used to pass through the first insertion hole along the radial direction of the cylindrical structure to limit the support rod to a current position.

4. The prism device according to claim 3, wherein: The support assembly also includes a connecting ring, the two ends of which are respectively plugged into and matched with the support rod and the end of the cylindrical structure that are close to each other, and a second socket for the push rod to extend into the interior of the connecting ring is provided on the peripheral wall of the connecting ring.

5. The prism device according to claim 4, wherein: The second insertion hole is configured as a waist-shaped hole extending along the circumference of the connecting ring. The width of the waist-shaped hole is the same as the outer diameter of the push rod, and the edge curvature of the waist-shaped hole matches that of the push rod.

6. The prism device according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a locking nut. The positioning column is configured as an expansion screw partially inserted into the tunnel floor. The locking nut is used to be screwed onto one end of the expansion screw extending from the tunnel floor and is fitted with the tunnel floor.

7. A tunnel measurement method, characterized in that: The method uses the prism device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to measure a roadway, and the method comprises: There are at least two control points set at intervals on the tunnel wall, and a total station is set up in the tunnel; Based on the coordinates of each of the control points, determining the coordinates of the total station installation point through the built-in program of the total station; and Based on the coordinates of the erection points, the waistline and characteristic points in the tunnel are calculated and calibrated by the built-in program of the total station.

8. The tunnel measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the steps of setting up a total station in the tunnel and determining the coordinates of the setting point of the total station, the method includes: The total station is leveled.

9. The tunnel measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step of determining the coordinates of the total station installation points based on the coordinates of each of the control points through the built-in program of the total station, the method includes: Inputting the three-dimensional coordinate data of each control point into the built-in program of the total station; and The prism device is respectively inserted at each of the control points, and the total station laser sight is aimed at the center of the prism body at each control point to obtain multiple groups of observation values ​​for determining the coordinates of the installation points.

10. The tunnel measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the control points is located on the same side of the tunnel wall.

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