Underground water level control method, device and system and terminal equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an underground water level control method, device and system and terminal equipment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a preset dynamic mapping model which is used for indicating the dynamic mapping relation between the growth period of a sunflower and the underground water level; obtaining growth period data of sunflowers in a target area in real time, and determining a target water level interval of the target area according to the growth period data and the dynamic mapping model; collecting the current water level height of the target area in real time; according to the current water level height and the target water level interval, drainage parameters are determined in real time through a fuzzy proportional integral differential control algorithm, and then the underground water level of the target area is controlled in real time based on the drainage parameters. According to the method, the water demand difference of the sunflowers in different growth periods is considered, meanwhile, dynamic balance of the water level and salt is considered, and the reasonability and accuracy of underground water level regulation and control of the target area are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent control of agricultural water conservancy, and in particular to a method, device, system and terminal equipment for controlling groundwater level. Background Art

[0002] The Hetao Irrigation District, the largest gravity-fed Yellow River irrigation area, faces complex challenges in agricultural development due to soil salinization caused by its unique geographical and climatic conditions. For example, the region's average annual precipitation is approximately 150 mm, but evaporation exceeds 2,200 mm. This unique hydrogeological combination of the Hetao alluvial plain and lateral recharge from the Yellow River results in a chronically shallow groundwater depth of 2-3 meters. Especially during the spring irrigation season, large amounts of irrigation water from the Yellow River migrate upward through capillary action, leading to salt accumulation in the cultivated soil. Statistics show that over the past decade, the area of ​​secondary salinization caused by uncontrolled groundwater levels has increased by approximately 8% annually. Excessively high groundwater levels can easily lead to soil salinization, while excessively low levels can affect crop water absorption.

[0003] At present, existing technologies mainly regulate groundwater levels through fixed threshold control, which makes it difficult to take into account the differences in water requirements during the crop growth period and the dynamic balance of salt, and the regulation of groundwater levels is not accurate and reasonable enough. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method, device, system and terminal equipment for controlling groundwater level to solve the technical problem of how to improve the rationality and accuracy of groundwater level regulation in a target area.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for controlling groundwater level, comprising:

[0006] Obtaining a preset dynamic mapping model, wherein the dynamic mapping model is used to indicate a dynamic mapping relationship between the growth period of sunflowers and the groundwater level;

[0007] Acquire growth period data of sunflowers in a target area in real time, and determine a target water level interval for the target area based on the growth period data and the dynamic mapping model;

[0008] The current water level height of the target area is collected in real time; and according to the current water level height and the target water level range, the drainage parameters are determined in real time through the fuzzy proportional integral differential control algorithm, and then the groundwater level of the target area is controlled in real time based on the drainage parameters.

[0009] As a preferred solution, determining the target water level interval of the target area based on the growth period data and the dynamic mapping model includes:

[0010] When the sunflowers in the target area are in the seedling stage, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 2.1 to 2.9 meters;

[0011] When the sunflowers in the target area are in the budding stage, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 1.75 to 2.15 meters;

[0012] When the sunflowers in the target area are in bloom, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 1 to 1.4 meters;

[0013] When the sunflowers in the target area are at maturity, the target water level interval of the target area is determined to be 1.25 to 1.65 meters.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the real-time acquisition of the current water level of the target area is specifically as follows:

[0015] measuring the water column pressure corresponding to the target area in real time through a pressure sensor;

[0016] The current water level of the target area is calculated based on the water column pressure.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the control method further includes:

[0018] monitoring the current soil volume conductivity of the target area in real time, and determining a corresponding soil volume conductivity threshold value based on the growth period data;

[0019] When the current soil volume conductivity is greater than the soil volume conductivity threshold, starting the salt emergency control mode;

[0020] The salt emergency control mode is specifically: lowering the current water level of the target area by adjusting drainage parameters and starting leaching irrigation.

[0021] As a preferred solution, the real-time acquisition of the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area includes:

[0022] Acquire an aerial image of sunflowers in the target area by using a drone;

[0023] Acquiring soil data of the target area through a soil sensor;

[0024] The growth period data of sunflowers in the target area are obtained by fusion and determination based on the aerial image and the soil data.

[0025] As a preferred solution, the soil data includes soil accumulated temperature data;

[0026] The step of fusing and determining the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area based on the aerial image and the soil data includes:

[0027] Analyzing the aerial image and the accumulated temperature data;

[0028] When the accumulated temperature after sowing reaches a preset accumulated temperature threshold according to the accumulated temperature data, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in the seedling stage;

[0029] When it is identified based on the aerial image that the canopy coverage of the target area is greater than a preset coverage threshold and the plant height of the sunflower is greater than a preset height threshold, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in the budding stage;

[0030] When it is identified based on the aerial image that the disk diameter of the sunflower is greater than a preset diameter threshold and the ratio of open male flowers of the sunflower is greater than a preset ratio threshold, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in the flowering stage;

[0031] According to the aerial photography data, when it is identified that the back of the sunflower is yellow and the moisture content of the seeds is less than a preset moisture content threshold, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in a mature stage.

[0032] As a preferred solution, the real-time control of the groundwater level in the target area based on the drainage parameters includes:

[0033] Through pre-buried seepage pipes and water collection pipes, the groundwater level in the target area is controlled in real time according to the drainage parameters;

[0034] The burial spacing, burial length, burial depth and laying gradient of the seepage pipes and water collection pipes are determined based on the topography, hydrological conditions, soil texture, hydraulic properties and historical groundwater level change data of the target area.

[0035] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a groundwater level control device, comprising a model acquisition module, a determination module and a control module; wherein,

[0036] The model acquisition module is used to acquire a preset dynamic mapping model, wherein the dynamic mapping model is used to indicate a dynamic mapping relationship between the growth period of sunflowers and the groundwater level;

[0037] The determination module is used to obtain the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area in real time, and determine the target water level range of the target area based on the growth period data and the dynamic mapping model;

[0038] The control module is used to collect the current water level height of the target area in real time; and according to the current water level height and the target water level range, determine the drainage parameters in real time through a fuzzy proportional integral differential control algorithm, and then control the groundwater level of the target area in real time based on the drainage parameters.

[0039] As a preferred solution, the determination module determines the target water level interval of the target area based on the growth period data and the dynamic mapping model, including:

[0040] The determination module is configured to determine that the target water level interval of the target area is 2.1 to 2.9 meters when the sunflowers in the target area are in the seedling stage;

[0041] When the sunflowers in the target area are in the budding stage, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 1.75 to 2.15 meters;

[0042] When the sunflowers in the target area are in bloom, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 1 to 1.4 meters;

[0043] When the sunflowers in the target area are at maturity, the target water level interval of the target area is determined to be 1.25 to 1.65 meters.

[0044] As a preferred solution, the control module collects the current water level of the target area in real time, specifically:

[0045] The control module measures the water column pressure corresponding to the target area in real time through a pressure sensor;

[0046] The current water level of the target area is calculated based on the water column pressure.

[0047] As a preferred solution, the control device further includes a salt adjustment module, which is used to:

[0048] monitoring the current soil volume conductivity of the target area in real time, and determining a corresponding soil volume conductivity threshold value based on the growth period data;

[0049] When the current soil volume conductivity is greater than the soil volume conductivity threshold, starting the salt emergency control mode;

[0050] The salt emergency control mode is specifically: lowering the current water level of the target area by adjusting drainage parameters and starting leaching irrigation.

[0051] As a preferred solution, the determination module acquires the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area in real time, including:

[0052] The determining module obtains an aerial image of the sunflowers in the target area through a drone;

[0053] Acquiring soil data of the target area through a soil sensor;

[0054] The growth period data of sunflowers in the target area are obtained by fusion and determination based on the aerial image and the soil data.

[0055] As a preferred solution, the soil data includes soil accumulated temperature data;

[0056] The determination module obtains the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area by fusing and determining the aerial image and the soil data, including:

[0057] The determination module analyzes the aerial image and the accumulated temperature data;

[0058] When the accumulated temperature after sowing reaches a preset accumulated temperature threshold according to the accumulated temperature data, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in the seedling stage;

[0059] When it is identified based on the aerial image that the canopy coverage of the target area is greater than a preset coverage threshold and the plant height of the sunflower is greater than a preset height threshold, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in the budding stage;

[0060] When it is identified based on the aerial image that the disk diameter of the sunflower is greater than a preset diameter threshold and the ratio of open male flowers of the sunflower is greater than a preset ratio threshold, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in the flowering stage;

[0061] According to the aerial photography data, when it is identified that the back of the sunflower is yellow and the moisture content of the seeds is less than a preset moisture content threshold, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in a mature stage.

[0062] As a preferred solution, the control module controls the groundwater level of the target area in real time based on the drainage parameters, including:

[0063] The control module controls the groundwater level of the target area in real time according to the drainage parameters through pre-buried seepage pipes and water collection pipes;

[0064] The burial spacing, burial length, burial depth and laying gradient of the seepage pipes and water collection pipes are determined based on the topography, hydrological conditions, soil texture, hydraulic properties and historical groundwater level change data of the target area.

[0065] Correspondingly, the present application also provides a groundwater level control system, including a data acquisition layer, a data transmission layer, a central control layer and an execution layer; wherein the central control layer is used to execute the groundwater level control method.

[0066] Correspondingly, the present application also provides a terminal device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, and the processor implements the groundwater level control method when executing the computer program.

[0067] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0068] The present invention application provides a groundwater level control method, device, system and terminal equipment. By obtaining a preset dynamic mapping model, the target water level range is determined according to the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area, and the drainage parameters are determined in combination with the current water level height collected in real time for groundwater level control. The present invention application takes into account the differences in water requirements of sunflowers in different growth periods, while taking into account the dynamic balance of water level and salinity, effectively improving the rationality and accuracy of groundwater level regulation in the target area; in addition, the present application adopts a fuzzy proportional integral differential control algorithm to determine the drainage parameters in real time. On the basis of effectively combining the advantages of the fuzzy algorithm and the proportional integral differential control algorithm, it takes into account factors such as time lag, nonlinearity and time variation of the controlled process, and further optimizes the effect of groundwater level regulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 : A flow chart of an embodiment of a method for controlling groundwater level provided in the present invention.

[0070] Figure 2 : A control curve diagram of an application example of the groundwater level control method provided in the present invention.

[0071] Figure 3 : A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a groundwater level control device provided in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for controlling groundwater level, comprising steps S101 to S103; wherein:

[0075] Step S101: obtaining a preset dynamic mapping model.

[0076] In this embodiment, the dynamic mapping model is used to indicate the dynamic mapping relationship between the growth period of sunflowers and the groundwater level.

[0077] Exemplarily, the mapping relationship may be:

[0078] Seedling stage: 2.5 ± 0.4 m;

[0079] Bud stage: 1.95±0.2m;

[0080] Flowering period: 1.2 ± 0.2 m;

[0081] Maturity: 1.45±0.2 meters.

[0082] That is, the seedling stage corresponds to a groundwater level of 2.1 to 2.9 meters, the bud stage corresponds to a groundwater level of 1.75 to 2.15 meters, the flowering stage corresponds to a groundwater level of 1 to 1.4 meters, and the mature stage corresponds to a groundwater level of 1.25 to 1.65 meters.

[0083] The groundwater level control method described in this embodiment can be applied to computer devices, including but not limited to smart phones, laptops, tablet computers, desktop computers, and servers, and the dynamic mapping model is pre-configured and stored in the computer device.

[0084] Step S102: acquiring the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area in real time, and determining the target water level range of the target area according to the growth period data and the dynamic mapping model.

[0085] In this embodiment, the current growth period of the sunflowers in the target area can be determined based on the growth period data.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, the real-time acquisition of the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area includes: acquiring aerial images of the sunflowers in the target area through a drone; acquiring soil data of the target area through a soil sensor; and obtaining the growth period data of the sunflowers in the target area by fusing and determining the aerial images and the soil data.

[0087] Furthermore, the soil data includes soil accumulated temperature data. The fusion determination based on the aerial image and the soil data to obtain the growth period data of the sunflowers in the target area includes: analyzing the aerial image and the accumulated temperature data; according to the accumulated temperature data, when the accumulated temperature after sowing reaches a preset accumulated temperature threshold, determining that the sunflowers in the target area are in the seedling stage; according to the aerial image, when it is identified that the canopy coverage of the target area is greater than a preset coverage threshold and the plant height of the sunflower is greater than a preset height threshold, determining that the sunflowers in the target area are in the budding stage; according to the aerial image, when it is identified that the disk diameter of the sunflower is greater than a preset diameter threshold and the male flower opening ratio of the sunflower is greater than a preset ratio threshold, determining that the sunflowers in the target area are in the flowering stage; according to the aerial data, when it is identified that the back of the sunflower is yellow and the moisture content of the seed is less than a preset moisture content threshold, determining that the sunflowers in the target area are in the mature stage.

[0088] For example, in some embodiments, the recognition logic of the sunflower growth period may preferably be:

[0089] Seedling stage: After sowing, the cumulative effective temperature reaches 80-100℃·d;

[0090] Bud stage: canopy coverage ≥ 60% and plant height > 1.2m;

[0091] Flowering period: disk diameter ≥ 15 cm and male flower opening ratio > 30%;

[0092] Maturity: The back of the disc turns yellow and the moisture content of the grains is ≤40%.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment, step S102 determines the target water level interval of the target area based on the growth period data and the dynamic mapping model, including: when the sunflowers in the target area are in the seedling stage, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 2.1 to 2.9 meters; when the sunflowers in the target area are in the bud stage, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 1.75 to 2.15 meters; when the sunflowers in the target area are in the flowering stage, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 1 to 1.4 meters; when the sunflowers in the target area are in the mature stage, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 1.25 to 1.65 meters.

[0094] After obtaining the target water level range, the target water level range can be further refined through the built-in agricultural hydrological model and LSTM network to obtain a more ideal and accurate target water level range.

[0095] After determining the target water level interval, subsequent steps may be to adjust drainage parameters in combination with the current water level height of the target area monitored in real time, thereby adjusting the groundwater level in the target area to the target water level interval.

[0096] Step S103, collecting the current water level height of the target area in real time; and according to the current water level height and the target water level range, determining the drainage parameters in real time through the fuzzy proportional integral differential control algorithm, and then controlling the groundwater level of the target area in real time based on the drainage parameters.

[0097] In one embodiment, the real-time acquisition of the current water level of the target area is specifically: measuring the water column pressure corresponding to the target area in real time through a pressure sensor; and calculating the current water level of the target area based on the water column pressure.

[0098] In some preferred embodiments, the salt content of the target area can be monitored in real time (specifically, obtained by converting the soil volume conductivity) to avoid exceeding the salt content standard.

[0099] The control method also includes step S104: real-time monitoring of the current soil volume conductivity of the target area, and determining a corresponding soil volume conductivity threshold based on the growth period data; when the current soil volume conductivity is greater than the soil volume conductivity threshold, starting a salt emergency control mode; the salt emergency control mode specifically comprises: lowering the current water level of the target area by adjusting drainage parameters, and starting leaching irrigation.

[0100] For example, during the seedling stage, bud stage, flowering stage and maturity stage of sunflower, the soil volume conductivity thresholds can be 6.93, 14.46, 14.46 and 17.26 dS / m respectively. When the current soil volume conductivity of the target area is higher than the threshold corresponding to the growth period, the salt emergency control mode can be activated.

[0101] In some embodiments, a Stevens Hydraprobe can be used as a salt sensor to estimate salt concentration by measuring the conductivity of ions in a solution. The more ions in a solution, the higher the conductivity. The volumetric water content of the solution can be measured in a range of 0-100% with an accuracy of ±3-5%. The salt content can be measured with an accuracy of ±0.2‰.

[0102] On the one hand, this mode lowers the groundwater level by adjusting drainage parameters, for example, to a set value in the current growth period, or to the above-mentioned target water level range minus 0.3 meters; on the other hand, leaching irrigation can be started simultaneously, with the irrigation volume being 120-150% of the normal value.

[0103] For example, this embodiment can use the OTT ecoLog 800with OTT Mobilink water level sensor to determine the current water level height of the target area. After the pressure sensor of this embodiment calculates the current water level height of the target area based on the water column pressure, it can convert the water level information into an electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal through a wireless communication module. The water level sensor or pressure sensor used for water level collection can use a solar power supply module to obtain stable power to ensure that the sensor can continue to work in a field environment. In addition, users can query the current water level height or historical water level data in real time through a mobile phone APP, and intuitively understand the water level changes in the target area.

[0104] In terms of specific implementation, this embodiment can control the groundwater level of the target area in real time according to the drainage parameters through pre-buried seepage pipes and water collection pipes; the burial spacing, burial length, burial depth and laying gradient of the seepage pipes and water collection pipes can be determined according to the topography, hydrological situation, soil texture, hydraulic characteristics and historical groundwater level change law data of the target area.

[0105] Furthermore, the seepage pipes can be made of single-wall perforated corrugated pipes, and the water collection pipes can be made of single-wall corrugated pipes. During the laying or burying process, PVC tees and PVC glue can be used to connect the multiple seepage pipes to the water collection pipe. A water collection well can be set at the bottom of the water collection pipe, and a photovoltaic water pump can be installed in the water collection well.

[0106] In addition, when pouring the concrete foundation, you can use pre-buried anchor bolts to secure the pump unit. Install the irrigation pump unit on the concrete foundation and use tools such as a level and plumb bob to check the horizontality and verticality of the foundation. Align the inlet and outlet pipes with the pump unit.

[0107] In this embodiment, high-precision, interference-resistant sensors that support wireless data transmission can be used for real-time data collection, such as soil multi-parameter sensors (Stevens Hydraprobe), meteorological sensors (DavisInstruments Vantage Pro2), and groundwater level sensors (OTT ecoLog 800 with OTT Mobilink).

[0108] After laying various types of sensors, the initial groundwater level, groundwater mineralization, soil temperature, moisture content, soil volume conductivity and other data at each location in the target area can be measured first to initialize the sensors and calibrate the sensors.

[0109] Among them, for soil sensors (including soil multi-parameter sensors), a shovel can be used to dig a 1-meter-deep soil profile in the field. The sensor probe can be inserted into the soil profile according to different burial depths measured by a steel ruler, and a small amount of soil can be backfilled around the sensor, gently compacted, and a warning sign can be set up.

[0110] For meteorological sensors, install the anemometer and wind direction sensor onto the ISS (Integrated Sensor Suite) body and secure it with screws. Keep the wind vane pointing north. Install the rain gauge onto the ISS body while ensuring it is level. Connect the temperature and humidity sensor cables to the ISS body. Mount the ISS on the bracket and secure it with screws. Wrap the cable connections with electrical tape.

[0111] To install groundwater level sensors, multiple groundwater level observation wells were evenly distributed throughout the target area. The connecting cables for the OTT ecoLog 800 with OTT Mobilink sensors were placed into the observation wells, ensuring the sensors were within the required water level range. The cables were secured with cable ties to prevent debris from entering the wells. Resin manhole covers were placed over the observation wells and warning signs were posted. Customized flow monitoring equipment was installed in the water collection wells to accurately measure the amount of water discharged through the pipelines.

[0112] The server described in this embodiment can be connected to each sensor through a wireless communication module. The sensor has a built-in high-performance microprocessor that is responsible for implementing functions such as data filtering, denoising, and format conversion to improve data quality, and caches the processed data and sends it to the server.

[0113] In other embodiments, the above-described groundwater level control method can also be applied to a central control system. This central control system can combine a cloud platform and local servers to create a hybrid system architecture. Relevant staff can regularly maintain server software and hardware, and deploy data storage and analysis functions in the cloud.

[0114] The server can use the MQTT protocol to parse and verify received data. The system can use the PostgreSQL relational database to store structured data, the NySQL database to store unstructured or semi-structured data, and TimescaleDB to store time series data.

[0115] In terms of the system's user interface, you can use the React Native framework to build mobile applications and use PowerBI to create interactive dashboards.

[0116] When specifically controlling drainage and irrigation, the variable frequency irrigation pump group and the drainage concealed pipe can be connected through cables and controllers to receive drainage parameters for regulating irrigation and drainage activities.

[0117] When monitoring conductivity and controlling salinity, the Drools rule engine can be used to pass irrigation and drainage execution instructions to the execution layer.

[0118] In some embodiments, integrated water and fertilizer sub-membrane drip irrigation can be used throughout the crop growth period, and large-scale flooding can be carried out in spring. Before sowing, a rotary tiller can be used for deep loosening and shallow plowing. The deep loosening depth is about 30 cm, and the plowing depth is about 20 cm. Organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer are applied as base fertilizer, and pest control and weed control management are carried out during this period.

[0119] The irrigation system according to the growth period can be as follows: spring irrigation can be used before sowing to increase soil moisture content and improve the germination rate, and the irrigation depth is 90-200mm; drip irrigation is set up twice in each growth period, and the appropriate irrigation depths in the seedling stage, bud stage, flowering stage, and maturity stage are 10-20, 15-30, 20-40, and 10-20mm respectively.

[0120] Correspondingly, the present application also provides a groundwater level control system, including a data acquisition layer, a data transmission layer, a central control layer and an execution layer; wherein the central control layer is used to execute the groundwater level control method.

[0121] The data collection layer includes multiple observation wells equipped with groundwater level and drainage sensors, soil moisture sensors, soil conductivity sensors, and weather stations. These are used to collect real-time groundwater level, drainage volume of concealed pipe systems, soil moisture, salinity, and meteorological data.

[0122] The data transmission layer is used to transmit the data collected by the data acquisition layer to the data processing layer, including a wireless communication module, a solar power supply module and a mobile phone APP module;

[0123] In some implementation examples, the central control layer can analyze and process the received data, using a built-in growth stage identification module to determine the current growth stage based on an accumulated temperature algorithm. This module can then combine soil moisture and salinity data to establish a crop growth environment stress model and calculate a reasonable groundwater level. In other examples, the central control layer can also implement the groundwater level control method described in any of the above implementation examples.

[0124] The execution layer includes a variable frequency irrigation pump group and a water level control device for a water collection well based on a high-precision and high-sensitivity pressure probe and an infinite signal transmitter, which is used to execute water level control in the target area.

[0125] In addition, the water level control device of the water collection well in the execution layer can control the water level height in the water collection well through a high-precision and high-sensitivity pressure probe, and realize fully automatic drainage start and stop within the set water level height range.

[0126] At the same time, it can also be equipped with a waterproof protection box, circuit breaker protector, relay and / or water pump thermal relay protector as needed to meet the requirements of fully automatic control operation function, manual control operation function, operation working indicator light, high and low water level alarm function, etc.

[0127] Flow meter monitoring equipment can also be customized in the execution layer to upload statistical data to a PC (or mobile phone) in real time through an infinite signal transmitter to form historical statistical data for easy data analysis.

[0128] At the same time, the execution layer can have the function of real-time monitoring of the operating status of the forced drainage equipment, drainage time, drainage volume and / or drainage rate. Its structure and functions can also include customized flow meters, circuit cables, signal receivers, built-in flow devices, data background statistics page, gateway alarm function, statistical report download function, gateway online and offline reminder function, etc. Measurement range: 8-40m 3 / h, the communication signal can adopt RS485, 4-20mA.

[0129] This embodiment uses an agricultural hydrological model combined with an LSTM network to analyze and predict stored data, calculate the appropriate groundwater level, and control the execution layer to make decisions. The calculation process and results are transmitted to the mobile app module via a wireless communication module, enabling remote user editing and improving the system's operability.

[0130] In addition, the present invention application also provides an application example. This application example was implemented in Wuyuan County, Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2023 to 2024. The 15-mu test site used a concealed drainage system combined with a groundwater level control system. Specifically, it included seepage pipes, water collection pipes, and water collection wells. The seepage pipes used φ80PE single-wall perforated corrugated pipes, covered with DuPont non-woven filter material, with a laying gradient of 0.7‰, a laying depth of 1.5-1.6m, and a laying spacing of 15m, with a total project volume of 775m. The water collection pipes used φ110PE single-wall corrugated pipes with a laying gradient of 1‰, a laying depth of 1.7-1.8m, and a total project volume of 160m. There were three water collection wells, using φ630PE finished wells. Photovoltaic water pumps were installed in the wells. A liquid level controller was used to control the water level in the water collection wells. A water meter was installed on the water pump outlet pipe to measure the discharged water volume.

[0131] The experimental area was divided into three areas according to the water levels of different controlled water collection wells: Area A (1.4m), Area B (1.0m), and Area C (1.2m). CTD-Diver groundwater three-parameter sensors were hung in the water collection wells of each area to monitor pressure, groundwater temperature and conductivity in real time. Stevens Hydraprobe soil three-parameter sensors were installed on the westernmost side of each area. The probe depths were set at 10, 30, 50, and 70 cm below the surface to monitor temperature, moisture content, and conductivity in real time. Each large area was separated by a drainage channel (1.5m deep and 0.6m wide) to reduce the impact of water and salt migration between the large areas. Meteorological data during the field experiment were all from the Linhe Meteorological Station.

[0132] To regularly calibrate the sensors, we manually measured changes in soil moisture and salinity in various areas of the test plot. We collected soil samples during the sunflower seedling stage (late May to mid-June), budding stage (late June to mid-July), flowering stage (mid-July to early August), and maturity stage (mid-August to early September). Sampling depths ranged from 0 to 100 cm, with sampling intervals of 20 cm. In the laboratory, we used an SG3-ELK742 conductivity meter to measure the conductivity of a 1:5 soil-water solution. We also used the drying method to determine soil mass moisture and convert it to volumetric moisture:

[0133]

[0134] Where θ is the volumetric moisture content, ω is the mass moisture content, and ρ w is the density of water, ρ d is the soil bulk density. The 1:5 soil-water solution conductivity is converted to soil salinity (SSC) using the empirical formula:

[0135] SSC=0.00275EC 1:5 +0.1366, (R 2 =0.9295);

[0136] Soil solution concentration (C sw ) is calculated from soil salinity (SSC), moisture content (θ) and bulk density (γ) as follows:

[0137]

[0138] The experimental data were combined with the agricultural hydrological model to calculate the changes in the water-salt stress intensity factor and crop water requirement during crop growth and development under various groundwater level conditions. The suitable groundwater level for each period of crop growth and development was optimized based on the daily change pattern of the water-salt stress intensity factor.

[0139] The test was also conducted to simulate other hydrological years, and the crop yield, evapotranspiration, 100cm lower boundary recharge and root zone salt changes in the experimental field were investigated according to the traditional fixed water level method and the variable water level control method in different growth periods.

[0140]

[0141] Table 1 Fixed at the appropriate water level during the entire growth period

[0142]

[0143] Table 2: Groundwater level control method according to different growth stages applied by the present invention

[0144] Table 1, Table 2 and Figure 2 The results show that using this method to control groundwater levels during different growing seasons in dry, normal, and wet years reduced soil salt accumulation by 12.48-42.59% compared to the traditional method of maintaining a fixed optimum groundwater level throughout the entire growing season. Crop yields not only did not decrease, but actually increased by 0.83-1.79%. This method also achieved a correlation coefficient of 0.531 between crop water demand and groundwater depth, further optimizing water and salt regulation in farmland.

[0145] Correspondingly, such as Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also provides a groundwater level control device 300, comprising a model acquisition module 301, a determination module 302 and a control module 303; wherein,

[0146] The model acquisition module 301 is used to acquire a preset dynamic mapping model, wherein the dynamic mapping model is used to indicate a dynamic mapping relationship between the growth period of sunflowers and the groundwater level;

[0147] The determination module 302 is configured to obtain growth period data of sunflowers in a target area in real time, and determine a target water level interval for the target area based on the growth period data and the dynamic mapping model;

[0148] The control module 303 is used to collect the current water level height of the target area in real time; and according to the current water level height and the target water level range, determine the drainage parameters in real time through the fuzzy proportional integral differential control algorithm, and then control the groundwater level of the target area in real time based on the drainage parameters.

[0149] As a preferred solution, the determination module 302 determines the target water level interval of the target area according to the growth period data and the dynamic mapping model, including:

[0150] The determining module 302 is configured to determine that the target water level interval of the target area is 2.1 to 2.9 meters when the sunflowers in the target area are in the seedling stage;

[0151] When the sunflowers in the target area are in the budding stage, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 1.75 to 2.15 meters;

[0152] When the sunflowers in the target area are in bloom, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 1 to 1.4 meters;

[0153] When the sunflowers in the target area are at maturity, the target water level interval of the target area is determined to be 1.25 to 1.65 meters.

[0154] As a preferred solution, the control module 303 collects the current water level of the target area in real time, specifically:

[0155] The control module 303 measures the water column pressure corresponding to the target area in real time through a pressure sensor;

[0156] The current water level of the target area is calculated based on the water column pressure.

[0157] As a preferred solution, the control device 300 further includes a salt adjustment module, which is used to:

[0158] monitoring the current soil volume conductivity of the target area in real time, and determining a corresponding soil volume conductivity threshold value based on the growth period data;

[0159] When the current soil volume conductivity is greater than the soil volume conductivity threshold, starting the salt emergency control mode;

[0160] The salt emergency control mode is specifically: lowering the current water level of the target area by adjusting drainage parameters and starting leaching irrigation.

[0161] As a preferred solution, the determining module 302 acquires the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area in real time, including:

[0162] The determining module 302 obtains an aerial image of the sunflowers in the target area through a drone;

[0163] Acquiring soil data of the target area through a soil sensor;

[0164] The growth period data of sunflowers in the target area are obtained by fusion and determination based on the aerial image and the soil data.

[0165] As a preferred solution, the soil data includes soil accumulated temperature data;

[0166] The determination module 302 obtains the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area by fusing and determining the aerial image and the soil data, including:

[0167] The determination module 302 analyzes the aerial image and the accumulated temperature data;

[0168] When the accumulated temperature after sowing reaches a preset accumulated temperature threshold according to the accumulated temperature data, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in the seedling stage;

[0169] When it is identified based on the aerial image that the canopy coverage of the target area is greater than a preset coverage threshold and the plant height of the sunflower is greater than a preset height threshold, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in the budding stage;

[0170] When it is identified based on the aerial image that the disk diameter of the sunflower is greater than a preset diameter threshold and the ratio of open male flowers of the sunflower is greater than a preset ratio threshold, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in the flowering stage;

[0171] According to the aerial photography data, when it is identified that the back of the sunflower is yellow and the moisture content of the seeds is less than a preset moisture content threshold, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in a mature stage.

[0172] As a preferred solution, the control module 303 controls the groundwater level of the target area in real time based on the drainage parameters, including:

[0173] The control module 303 controls the groundwater level of the target area in real time according to the drainage parameters through pre-buried seepage pipes and water collection pipes;

[0174] The burial spacing, burial length, burial depth and laying gradient of the seepage pipes and water collection pipes are determined based on the topography, hydrological conditions, soil texture, hydraulic properties and historical groundwater level change data of the target area.

[0175] Correspondingly, the present application also provides a terminal device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, and the processor implements the groundwater level control method when executing the computer program.

[0176] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The processor is the control center of the terminal and connects various parts of the entire terminal using various interfaces and lines.

[0177] The memory can be used to store the computer program, and the processor realizes various functions of the terminal by running or executing the computer program stored in the memory and calling the data stored in the memory. The memory can mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store an operating system, at least one application required for a function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.); the data storage area can store data created according to the use of the mobile phone (such as audio data, a phone book, etc.). In addition, the memory can include a high-speed random access memory and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (SmartMedia Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0178] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0179] The present invention application provides a groundwater level control method, device, system and terminal equipment. By obtaining a preset dynamic mapping model, the target water level range is determined according to the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area, and the drainage parameters are determined in combination with the current water level height collected in real time for groundwater level control. The present invention application takes into account the differences in water requirements of sunflowers in different growth periods, while taking into account the dynamic balance of water level and salinity, effectively improving the rationality and accuracy of groundwater level regulation in the target area; in addition, the present application adopts a fuzzy proportional integral differential control algorithm to determine the drainage parameters in real time. On the basis of effectively combining the advantages of the fuzzy algorithm and the proportional integral differential control algorithm, it takes into account factors such as time lag, nonlinearity and time variation of the controlled process, and further optimizes the effect of groundwater level regulation.

[0180] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention for those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for controlling groundwater level, characterized in that: include: Obtaining a preset dynamic mapping model, wherein the dynamic mapping model is used to indicate a dynamic mapping relationship between the growth period of sunflowers and the groundwater level; Acquire growth period data of sunflowers in a target area in real time, and determine a target water level interval for the target area based on the growth period data and the dynamic mapping model; The current water level height of the target area is collected in real time; and according to the current water level height and the target water level range, the drainage parameters are determined in real time through the fuzzy proportional integral differential control algorithm, and then the groundwater level of the target area is controlled in real time based on the drainage parameters.

2. A method for controlling groundwater level according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the target water level interval of the target area based on the growth period data and the dynamic mapping model includes: When the sunflowers in the target area are in the seedling stage, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 2.1 to 2.9 meters; When the sunflowers in the target area are in the budding stage, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 1.75 to 2.15 meters; When the sunflowers in the target area are in bloom, determining the target water level interval of the target area to be 1 to 1.4 meters; When the sunflowers in the target area are at maturity, the target water level interval of the target area is determined to be 1.25 to 1.65 meters.

3. A method for controlling groundwater level according to claim 2, characterized in that: The real-time acquisition of the current water level of the target area is specifically as follows: measuring the water column pressure corresponding to the target area in real time through a pressure sensor; The current water level of the target area is calculated based on the water column pressure.

4. A method for controlling groundwater level according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control method further includes: monitoring the current soil volume conductivity of the target area in real time, and determining a corresponding soil volume conductivity threshold value based on the growth period data; When the current soil volume conductivity is greater than the soil volume conductivity threshold, starting the salt emergency control mode; The salt emergency control mode is specifically: lowering the current water level of the target area by adjusting drainage parameters and starting leaching irrigation.

5. A method for controlling groundwater level according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time acquisition of the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area includes: Acquire an aerial image of sunflowers in the target area by using a drone; Acquiring soil data of the target area through a soil sensor; The growth period data of sunflowers in the target area are obtained by fusion and determination based on the aerial image and the soil data.

6. A method for controlling groundwater level according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soil data includes soil accumulated temperature data; The step of fusing and determining the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area based on the aerial image and the soil data includes: Analyzing the aerial image and the accumulated temperature data; When the accumulated temperature after sowing reaches a preset accumulated temperature threshold according to the accumulated temperature data, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in the seedling stage; When it is identified based on the aerial image that the canopy coverage of the target area is greater than a preset coverage threshold and the plant height of the sunflower is greater than a preset height threshold, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in the budding stage; When it is identified based on the aerial image that the disk diameter of the sunflower is greater than a preset diameter threshold and the ratio of open male flowers of the sunflower is greater than a preset ratio threshold, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in the flowering stage; According to the aerial photography data, when it is identified that the back of the sunflower is yellow and the moisture content of the seeds is less than a preset moisture content threshold, it is determined that the sunflowers in the target area are in a mature stage.

7. A method for controlling groundwater level according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time control of the groundwater level in the target area based on the drainage parameter includes: Through pre-buried seepage pipes and water collection pipes, the groundwater level in the target area is controlled in real time according to the drainage parameters; The burial spacing, burial length, burial depth and laying gradient of the seepage pipes and water collection pipes are determined based on the topography, hydrological conditions, soil texture, hydraulic properties and historical groundwater level change data of the target area.

8. A groundwater level control device, characterized in that: It includes a model acquisition module, a determination module and a control module; wherein, The model acquisition module is used to acquire a preset dynamic mapping model, wherein the dynamic mapping model is used to indicate a dynamic mapping relationship between the growth period of sunflowers and the groundwater level; The determination module is used to obtain the growth period data of sunflowers in the target area in real time, and determine the target water level range of the target area based on the growth period data and the dynamic mapping model; The control module is used to collect the current water level height of the target area in real time; and according to the current water level height and the target water level range, determine the drainage parameters in real time through a fuzzy proportional integral differential control algorithm, and then control the groundwater level of the target area in real time based on the drainage parameters.

9. A groundwater level control system, characterized in that: It includes a data acquisition layer, a data transmission layer, a central control layer and an execution layer; wherein the central control layer is used to execute the groundwater level control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A terminal device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the method for controlling the groundwater level according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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