Method and system for tracing heavy metal pollutants in mining area

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining area heavy metal pollutant traceability method and system, relates to the technical field of pollutant traceability, and solves the problem that the existing heavy metal has different propagation and diffusion velocities in different media, and analysis is carried out according to historical pollution events, so that the analysis efficiency is improved. The propagation medium of the historical pollution event is possibly different from the propagation medium of the pollution source at the moment, and the speculation result of the position of the pollution source has deviation. The method comprises the steps of obtaining pollution data of a mining polluted area; determining the type of a pollution source according to the pollution data of the pollution area; analyzing the diffusion velocity of the pollution source based on the type of the pollution source and the pollution data; determining a pollution source area according to the diffusion velocity; predicting the pollution diffusion range based on the pollution source region to obtain a predicted pollution region; the pollution source area can be determined according to the diffusion velocity of the pollution source, different diffusion velocities of the pollution source in different media are avoided, and the accuracy of the analysis result of the pollution source area is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of pollutant tracing, and relates to a technology for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas, and specifically provides a method and system for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas. Background Art

[0002] Heavy metal pollutants are released in the form of dust, wastewater, waste residue, etc. during the mining, crushing and beneficiation of heavy metal-containing ores; heavy metal pollutants in mining areas refer to the traceability of the source, migration path and release process of heavy metal pollutants through scientific means; by tracing the source, the migration pattern of heavy metals in soil and water bodies can be analyzed, potential contaminated areas can be predicted, and preventive measures can be taken in advance; tracing the source can identify recoverable heavy metals in tailings or wastewater, promote resource reuse, reduce the total amount of heavy metals entering the environment through recycling, and reduce heavy metal emissions; therefore, tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas is of great significance to environmental protection, pollutant control and sustainable development.

[0003] The existing method of tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants is to conduct multi-layer deep sampling in different regions and test the heavy metal concentrations of the collected samples. Based on the test data, combined with climate data and historical pollution events, the location of the pollution source is inferred using models. However, the propagation and diffusion speed of heavy metals in different media is different. Analyzing historical pollution events may result in the propagation medium of the historical pollution event being different from the propagation medium of the current pollution source, resulting in deviations in the inferred results of the pollution source location.

[0004] The present invention provides a method and system for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art; to this end, the present invention proposes a method and system for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas, which is used to solve the technical problem that the existing heavy metals have different propagation and diffusion speeds in different media. Analysis based on historical pollution events may cause the propagation medium of the historical pollution events to be different from the propagation medium of the pollution source at this time, resulting in deviations in the inferred results of the pollution source location.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas, comprising:

[0007] Obtain pollution data on contaminated areas in mining areas;

[0008] Determine the type of pollution source based on pollution data of the polluted area;

[0009] Analyze the spread rate of pollution sources based on the type of pollution sources and pollution data;

[0010] Determine the pollution source area based on the diffusion rate;

[0011] Predict the pollution spread range based on the pollution source area.

[0012] Preferably, determining the type of pollution source based on the pollution data of the polluted area includes:

[0013] Retrieve pollution data of polluted areas; pollution data includes: heavy metal types, heavy metal content and detection time;

[0014] Obtain a heavy metal pollution database; match the heavy metal types in the pollution data with the heavy metal pollution database to obtain several corresponding candidate types; obtain the determined range of the heavy metal content pollution source and the mining area type within the determined range, and screen out the corresponding pollution source type from several candidate types according to the mining area type.

[0015] The present invention determines the types of heavy metals that are contaminated in the polluted area based on the pollution data of the polluted area, and matches the corresponding heavy metal types with the types of ore to obtain several candidate types; according to the mining area types within the determined range, several candidate types are screened to obtain corresponding pollution source types, which can analyze the pollution sources of the polluted area, and is conducive to laying the foundation for the subsequent determination of the pollution source area.

[0016] Preferably, analyzing the diffusion speed of the pollution source based on the type of pollution source and pollution data includes:

[0017] Retrieve the corresponding pollution source type and obtain the pollution propagation database; match the pollution source type with the pollution propagation database to obtain the corresponding propagation speed;

[0018] Retrieve the heavy metal content and detection time from the pollution data; integrate the heavy metal content, detection time, and propagation speed into a boundary analysis sequence; call the boundary analysis model, input the boundary analysis sequence into the boundary analysis model, and obtain the boundary distance after a set time period; the boundary analysis model is constructed based on an artificial intelligence model;

[0019] The detection area is delineated according to the boundary distance, and the heavy metal content in the detection area is tested in real time. The propagation distance of the pollution source is corrected according to the test results to obtain the corresponding diffusion speed.

[0020] The present invention determines the propagation speed of the pollution source according to the type of pollution source, and analyzes the boundary distance after a set time period based on the propagation speed, demarcates the detection area based on the boundary distance, and performs real-time detection of the heavy metal content in the detection area; the propagation speed of the pollution source can be corrected according to the actual detection time to obtain the diffusion speed. Since the propagation of pollutants will be affected by the medium, the propagation speed of the pollution source is corrected according to the actual detection results, which is conducive to making the detection results more accurate.

[0021] Preferably, the boundary analysis model is constructed based on an artificial intelligence model, including:

[0022] Select a suitable model and deep learning framework from the artificial intelligence model; build a model based on the selected model and deep learning framework to obtain a training model;

[0023] Acquire a standard data set; wherein the standard data set includes: standard input data consistent with the content attributes of the boundary analysis sequence; and standard output data consistent with the content attributes of the boundary distance;

[0024] The standard data set is divided into training set, validation set and test set according to the set ratio; the training model is trained using the training set; the internal parameters in the training model are adjusted using the validation set; the trained training model is tested using the test set to obtain the test index; when the test index is greater than the index threshold, the training model is marked as a boundary analysis model; otherwise, the boundary model is rebuilt and trained.

[0025] It should be noted that the division ratio and indicator thresholds of the standard data set are set after expert evaluation. The test indicators include: accuracy, F1 score, recall rate and stability. When the boundary model is rebuilt and trained, the model and deep learning framework can be reselected to build the training model and train it, or the ratio of the standard data set can be redefined and the training model can be retrained.

[0026] Preferably, the correction of the propagation distance of the pollution source according to the detection result includes:

[0027] Retrieve the test results of several test areas; the test results include: test time, heavy metal content;

[0028] The difference between the detection time in the detection result and the detection time in the pollution data is calculated to obtain the propagation time of the pollution source; the diffusion speed of the corresponding pollution source is calculated through the boundary distance and the logical relationship between the propagation time and the diffusion speed.

[0029] Preferably, determining the pollution source area according to the diffusion rate includes:

[0030] Retrieve boundary distance and heavy metal content; construct a heavy metal content attenuation model; obtain the diffusion distance from the contaminated area and the initial heavy metal content of several corresponding mining area types;

[0031] The theoretical heavy metal content in the contaminated area was calculated based on the initial heavy metal content and the diffusion distance; the difference between the theoretical heavy metal content and the heavy metal content in the pollution data was calculated; and the mining area type corresponding to the theoretical heavy metal content with the smallest difference was taken as the pollution source area.

[0032] The present invention analyzes data from several mining area types, constructs an attenuation model for heavy metal content, and analyzes the theoretical heavy metal content in the contaminated area based on the attenuation model. Based on the difference between the actual heavy metal content and the theoretical heavy metal content, the area with the smallest difference is selected as the pollution source area. The pollution source area can be determined based on actual conditions, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of pollution source tracing.

[0033] Preferably, the method of constructing the attenuation model of heavy metal content includes:

[0034] The attenuation model of heavy metal content is constructed as: C2=C1e -kr ; Where C2 represents the heavy metal content in the test results; C1 represents the heavy metal content in the pollution data; k represents the attenuation coefficient; r represents the boundary distance;

[0035] Retrieve the boundary distance, pollution data, and heavy metal content in the test results; substitute the boundary distance, pollution data, and heavy metal content in the test results into the attenuation model to obtain the corresponding attenuation coefficient.

[0036] Preferably, the prediction of the pollution spread range based on the pollution source area includes:

[0037] Get the initial heavy metal content in the pollution source area; get the standard of heavy metal content; use formula C B =C0e -kL Calculate the pollution distance of the pollution source; divide the predicted pollution area of ​​the pollution source with the pollution source area as the center and the pollution distance as the radius;

[0038] Among them, C B represents the standard of heavy metal content, C0 represents the initial heavy metal content, L represents the diffusion distance; k represents the attenuation coefficient;

[0039] Retrieve the diffusion speed of the pollution source; construct a diffusion convection model based on the diffusion speed; predict the diffusion time based on the diffusion convection model; use drawing software to generate a pollution dynamic flow map based on the predicted time and predicted pollution area.

[0040] The present invention calculates the pollution distance of the pollution source according to the initial heavy metal content in the pollution source area; divides the pollution area of ​​the pollution source according to the pollution distance to obtain the predicted pollution area; constructs a diffusion convection model, and calculates the predicted time of the pollution source according to the diffusion convection model; uses mapping software to generate a pollution dynamic flow map, which can predict the propagation path of the pollution source. Technical personnel can intervene in the propagation and diffusion of the pollution source based on the prediction data technology, which is conducive to avoiding serious pollution damage to the ecological environment and endangering human health.

[0041] Preferably, the method of constructing the diffusion convection model includes:

[0042] The expression for constructing the diffusion convection model is: Where D represents the diffusion coefficient, v represents the diffusion velocity, and k represents the attenuation coefficient. The release time of the pollution source area is obtained. The difference between the detection time and the release time of the pollution area is calculated to obtain the diffusion time.

[0043] The diffusion distance between the pollution source area and the polluted area is retrieved, and the diffusion distance is used as x in the diffusion convection model, and the diffusion time is used as t in the diffusion convection model; the diffusion coefficient D in the diffusion convection model is calculated.

[0044] The second aspect of the present invention provides a mining area heavy metal pollutant tracing system, comprising: a tracing analysis module, and a data acquisition module and a pollution prediction module connected thereto;

[0045] Data acquisition module, used to obtain pollution data of polluted areas in mining areas;

[0046] The source tracing analysis module is used to determine the type of pollution source based on the pollution data of the polluted area; analyze the diffusion speed of the pollution source based on the type of pollution source and the pollution data; and determine the pollution source area based on the diffusion speed;

[0047] The pollution prediction module is used to predict the pollution diffusion range based on the pollution source area to obtain the predicted pollution area.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] 1. The present invention determines the type of heavy metal contaminated in the polluted area based on the pollution data of the polluted area, and matches the corresponding heavy metal type with the type of ore to obtain several candidate types; screens several candidate types according to the mining area type within the determined range to obtain the corresponding pollution source type, and can analyze the pollution source of the polluted area, which is conducive to laying the foundation for the subsequent determination of the pollution source area; determines the propagation speed of the pollution source according to the type of the pollution source, and sets the boundary distance after a time period based on the propagation speed analysis, delineates the detection area according to the boundary distance, and performs real-time detection of the heavy metal content in the detection area; can correct the propagation speed of the pollution source according to the actual detection time to obtain the diffusion speed. Since the propagation of pollutants will be affected by the medium, the propagation speed of the pollution source is corrected according to the actual detection results, which lays the foundation for the subsequent determination of the pollution source area and is conducive to making the detection results more accurate.

[0050] 2. The present invention analyzes data of several mining area types, constructs an attenuation model of heavy metal content, and analyzes the theoretical heavy metal content in the polluted area based on the attenuation model. According to the difference between the actual heavy metal content and the theoretical heavy metal content, the area with the smallest difference is selected as the pollution source area; the pollution source area can be determined according to the actual situation, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of tracing the pollution source; according to the initial heavy metal content of the pollution source area, the pollution distance of the pollution source is calculated; according to the pollution distance, the pollution area of ​​the pollution source is divided to obtain the predicted pollution area; a diffusion convection model is constructed, and the predicted time of the pollution source is calculated according to the diffusion convection model; the pollution dynamic flow direction diagram is generated by drawing software, which can predict the propagation path of the pollution source. Technical personnel can intervene in the propagation and diffusion of the pollution source based on the prediction data technology, which is conducive to avoiding serious pollution damage to the ecological environment and endangering human health. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0052] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall steps of the method of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the steps for calculating diffusion rate of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the steps of determining the pollution source area and predicting pollution in the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the system model steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] See also Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a method for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas, comprising:

[0058] Obtain pollution data on contaminated areas in mining areas;

[0059] Determine the type of pollution source based on pollution data of the polluted area;

[0060] Analyze the spread rate of pollution sources based on the type of pollution sources and pollution data;

[0061] Determine the pollution source area based on the diffusion rate;

[0062] Predict the pollution spread range based on the pollution source area.

[0063] See also Figure 2 , obtain pollution data of the polluted area of ​​the mining area; retrieve pollution data of the polluted area; wherein the pollution data includes: heavy metal type, heavy metal content and detection time; obtain a heavy metal pollution library; match the heavy metal type in the pollution data with the heavy metal pollution library to obtain several corresponding candidate types; obtain the determined range of the heavy metal content pollution source and the mining area type within the determined range, and screen out the corresponding pollution source type from several candidate types according to the mining area type.

[0064] It should be noted that the scope of heavy metal pollution sources is set artificially based on historical experience; the heavy metal pollution library is constructed based on historical data, and the heavy metal pollution library is updated when new matching types appear.

[0065] For example: Suppose that pollution data of a polluted area is obtained, which contains two heavy metals, heavy metal 1 and heavy metal 2. Heavy metal 1 and heavy metal 2 are matched with the heavy metal pollution library respectively, and the ore types corresponding to heavy metal 1 are ore A and C, and the ore types corresponding to heavy metal 2 are ore D and J; the ore types within the determined range are A, C and J; then the pollution source types are A, C and J.

[0066] Retrieve the corresponding pollution source type and obtain the pollution propagation library; match the pollution source type with the pollution propagation library to obtain the corresponding propagation speed; retrieve the heavy metal content and detection time in the pollution data; integrate the heavy metal content, detection time and propagation speed into a boundary analysis sequence; call the boundary analysis model, input the boundary analysis sequence into the boundary analysis model, and obtain the boundary distance after the set time period; wherein, the boundary analysis model is constructed based on the artificial intelligence model; delineate the detection area according to the boundary distance, and perform real-time detection of the heavy metal content in the detection area.

[0067] Retrieve the test results of several test areas; the test results include: test time, heavy metal content; calculate the difference between the test time in the test results and the test time in the pollution data to obtain the propagation time of the pollution source; calculate the diffusion speed of the corresponding pollution source through the boundary distance and the logical relationship between the propagation time and the diffusion speed, and obtain the corresponding diffusion speed.

[0068] Heavy metal types Boundary distance Propagation time Diffusion rate 1 100 200 0.5 2 80 100 0.8 …… …… …… ……

[0069] Table 1: Schematic diagram of heavy metal diffusion rate

[0070] For example: The diffusion rate of the corresponding heavy metal can be calculated based on the boundary distance and propagation time. The calculation formula is: diffusion rate = boundary distance / propagation time. According to Table 1, the diffusion rate of heavy metal 1 in the contaminated area is 0.5; the diffusion rate of heavy metal 2 is 0.8.

[0071] It is worth noting that the boundary analysis model is built based on the artificial intelligence model, including:

[0072] Select a suitable model and deep learning framework from the artificial intelligence model; build a model based on the selected model and deep learning framework to obtain a training model;

[0073] Acquire a standard data set; wherein the standard data set includes: standard input data consistent with the content attributes of the boundary analysis sequence; and standard output data consistent with the content attributes of the boundary distance;

[0074] The standard data set is divided into training set, validation set and test set according to the set ratio; the training model is trained using the training set; the internal parameters in the training model are adjusted using the validation set; the trained training model is tested using the test set to obtain the test index; when the test index is greater than the index threshold, the training model is marked as a boundary analysis model; otherwise, the boundary model is rebuilt and trained.

[0075] It should be noted that the division ratio and indicator thresholds of the standard data set are set after expert evaluation. The test indicators include: accuracy, F1 score, recall rate and stability. When the boundary model is rebuilt and trained, the model and deep learning framework can be reselected to build the training model and train it, or the ratio of the standard data set can be redefined and the training model can be retrained.

[0076] See also Figure 3 , retrieve the boundary distance and heavy metal content; construct the attenuation model of heavy metal content: C2=C1e -kr ; Among them, C2 represents the heavy metal content in the test results; C1 represents the heavy metal content in the pollution data, k represents the attenuation coefficient; r represents the boundary distance; retrieve the boundary distance, pollution data and heavy metal content in the test results; substitute the boundary distance, pollution data and heavy metal content in the test results into the attenuation model to obtain the corresponding attenuation coefficient.

[0077] Obtain the diffusion distances and initial heavy metal contents of several corresponding mining area types from the contaminated area; calculate the theoretical heavy metal content in the contaminated area based on the initial heavy metal content and the diffusion distance; calculate the difference between the theoretical heavy metal content and the heavy metal content in the pollution data; and select the mining area type corresponding to the theoretical heavy metal content with the smallest difference as the pollution source area.

[0078] For example: assuming that the pollution source area of ​​heavy metal 1 in the polluted area is analyzed, the distances between mining area type A and mining area type C and the polluted area are R1 and R2 respectively; the initial heavy metal contents of mining area type A and mining area type C are obtained respectively, and the theoretical heavy metal 1 contents in the polluted area are calculated based on the initial heavy metal contents to be 120 and 80 respectively; the actual detected content of heavy metal 1 in the polluted area is 117; then mining area type A is taken as the pollution source area.

[0079] Get the initial heavy metal content in the pollution source area; get the standard of heavy metal content; use formula C B =C0e -kL Calculate the pollution distance of the pollution source; divide the predicted pollution area of ​​the pollution source with the pollution source area as the center and the pollution distance as the radius; where C B Indicates the standard of heavy metal content, C0 represents the initial heavy metal content, L represents the diffusion distance; k represents the attenuation coefficient; retrieves the diffusion velocity of the pollution source; constructs a diffusion convection model based on the diffusion velocity; predicts the diffusion time based on the diffusion convection model; uses drawing software to generate a pollution dynamic flow map based on the predicted time and predicted pollution area.

[0080] It should be noted that using drawing software to draw a dynamic pollution flow map of a polluted area can intuitively represent the flow direction of pollutants, which is helpful for relevant personnel to understand the flow direction of pollution sources in a timely manner when they are controlling pollution. Among them, drawing software includes: ParaView, Python ecological tools or VisIt, etc. When selecting drawing software, select the corresponding drawing software according to the propagation medium of the pollution source. When there are multiple propagation media, you can choose the corresponding drawing software to draw the pollution dynamic flow map of the corresponding medium, or you can choose a drawing software that is compatible with both to draw the pollution dynamic flow map.

[0081] It is worth mentioning that the methods for constructing the diffusion convection model include:

[0082] The expression for constructing the diffusion convection model is: Where D represents the diffusion coefficient, v represents the diffusion velocity, and k represents the attenuation coefficient. The release time of the pollution source area is obtained. The difference between the detection time and the release time of the pollution area is calculated to obtain the diffusion time.

[0083] The diffusion distance between the pollution source area and the polluted area is retrieved, and the diffusion distance is used as x in the diffusion convection model, and the diffusion time is used as t in the diffusion convection model; the diffusion coefficient D in the diffusion convection model is calculated.

[0084] See also Figure 4 , a second embodiment of the present invention provides a mining area heavy metal pollutant tracing system, comprising: a tracing analysis module, and a data acquisition module and a pollution prediction module connected thereto;

[0085] Data acquisition module, used to obtain pollution data of polluted areas in mining areas;

[0086] The source tracing analysis module is used to determine the type of pollution source based on the pollution data of the polluted area; analyze the diffusion speed of the pollution source based on the type of pollution source and the pollution data; and determine the pollution source area based on the diffusion speed;

[0087] The pollution prediction module is used to predict the pollution diffusion range based on the pollution source area to obtain the predicted pollution area.

[0088] Some of the data in the above formula are calculated by removing the dimensions and taking their numerical values. The formula is a formula that is closest to the actual situation obtained by software simulation of a large amount of collected data; the preset parameters and preset thresholds in the formula are set by technical personnel in this field according to actual conditions or obtained through simulation of a large amount of data.

[0089] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the present invention obtains pollution data of the polluted area of ​​the mining area; determines the type of pollution source based on the pollution data of the polluted area; analyzes the diffusion speed of the pollution source based on the type of pollution source and the pollution data; determines the pollution source area based on the diffusion speed; and predicts the pollution diffusion range based on the pollution source area to obtain a predicted pollution area.

[0090] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical method of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical method of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas, characterized in that: include: Obtain pollution data on contaminated areas in mining areas; Determine the type of pollution source based on pollution data of the polluted area; Analyze the spread rate of pollution sources based on the type of pollution sources and pollution data; Determine the pollution source area based on the diffusion rate; Predict the pollution spread range based on the pollution source area.

2. The method for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the type of pollution source based on the pollution data of the polluted area includes: Retrieve pollution data of polluted areas; pollution data includes: heavy metal types, heavy metal content and detection time; Obtain a heavy metal pollution database; match the heavy metal types in the pollution data with the heavy metal pollution database to obtain several corresponding candidate types; obtain the determined range of the heavy metal content pollution source and the mining area type within the determined range, and screen out the corresponding pollution source type from several candidate types according to the mining area type.

3. The method for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis of the diffusion rate of pollution sources based on the type of pollution sources and pollution data includes: Retrieve the corresponding pollution source type and obtain the pollution propagation database; match the pollution source type with the pollution propagation database to obtain the corresponding propagation speed; Retrieve the heavy metal content and detection time from the pollution data; integrate the heavy metal content, detection time, and propagation speed into a boundary analysis sequence; call the boundary analysis model, input the boundary analysis sequence into the boundary analysis model, and obtain the boundary distance after a set time period; the boundary analysis model is constructed based on an artificial intelligence model; The detection area is delineated according to the boundary distance, and the heavy metal content in the detection area is tested in real time. The propagation distance of the pollution source is corrected according to the test results to obtain the corresponding diffusion speed.

4. The method for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The boundary analysis model is constructed based on an artificial intelligence model and includes: Select a suitable model and deep learning framework from the artificial intelligence model; build a model based on the selected model and deep learning framework to obtain a training model; Acquire a standard data set; wherein the standard data set includes: standard input data consistent with the content attributes of the boundary analysis sequence; and standard output data consistent with the content attributes of the boundary distance; The standard data set is divided into training set, validation set and test set according to the set ratio; the training model is trained using the training set; the internal parameters in the training model are adjusted using the validation set; the trained training model is tested using the test set to obtain the test index; when the test index is greater than the index threshold, the training model is marked as a boundary analysis model; otherwise, the boundary model is rebuilt and trained.

5. The method for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The correction of the propagation distance of the pollution source according to the detection result includes: Retrieve the test results of several test areas; the test results include: test time, heavy metal content; The difference between the detection time in the detection result and the detection time in the pollution data is calculated to obtain the propagation time of the pollution source; the diffusion speed of the corresponding pollution source is calculated through the boundary distance and the logical relationship between the propagation time and the diffusion speed.

6. The method for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the pollution source area according to the diffusion rate includes: Retrieve boundary distance and heavy metal content; construct a heavy metal content attenuation model; obtain the diffusion distance from the contaminated area and the initial heavy metal content of several corresponding mining area types; The theoretical heavy metal content in the contaminated area was calculated based on the initial heavy metal content and the diffusion distance; the difference between the theoretical heavy metal content and the heavy metal content in the pollution data was calculated; and the mining area type corresponding to the theoretical heavy metal content with the smallest difference was taken as the pollution source area.

7. The method for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of constructing the attenuation model of heavy metal content includes: The attenuation model of heavy metal content is constructed as: C2=C1e -kr ; Where C2 represents the heavy metal content in the test results; C1 represents the heavy metal content in the pollution data; k represents the attenuation coefficient; r represents the boundary distance; Retrieve the boundary distance, pollution data, and heavy metal content in the test results; substitute the boundary distance, pollution data, and heavy metal content in the test results into the attenuation model to obtain the corresponding attenuation coefficient.

8. The method for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The prediction of the pollution spread range based on the pollution source area includes: Get the initial heavy metal content in the pollution source area; get the standard of heavy metal content; use formula C B =C0e -kL Calculate the pollution distance of the pollution source; divide the predicted pollution area of ​​the pollution source with the pollution source area as the center and the pollution distance as the radius; Among them, C B represents the standard of heavy metal content, C0 represents the initial heavy metal content, L represents the diffusion distance; k represents the attenuation coefficient; Retrieve the diffusion speed of the pollution source; construct a diffusion convection model based on the diffusion speed; predict the diffusion time based on the diffusion convection model; use drawing software to generate a pollution dynamic flow map based on the predicted time and predicted pollution area.

9. A method for tracing the source of heavy metal pollutants in mining areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method of constructing the diffusion convection model includes: The expression for constructing the diffusion convection model is: Where D represents the diffusion coefficient, v represents the diffusion velocity, and k represents the attenuation coefficient. The release time of the pollution source area is obtained. The difference between the detection time and the release time of the pollution area is calculated to obtain the diffusion time. The diffusion distance between the pollution source area and the polluted area is retrieved, and the diffusion distance is used as x in the diffusion convection model, and the diffusion time is used as t in the diffusion convection model; the diffusion coefficient D in the diffusion convection model is calculated.

10. A mining area heavy metal pollutant tracing system, applied to a mining area heavy metal pollutant tracing method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Source tracing analysis module, and the connected data acquisition module and pollution prediction module; Data acquisition module, used to obtain pollution data of polluted areas in mining areas; The source tracing analysis module is used to determine the type of pollution source based on the pollution data of the polluted area; Analyze the diffusion rate of pollution sources based on the type of pollution sources and pollution data; determine the pollution source area based on the diffusion rate; The pollution prediction module is used to predict the pollution diffusion range based on the pollution source area to obtain the predicted pollution area.

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