Antenna array

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna array, which comprises at least one radiation module and a feed-in module, and is characterized in that the radiation module comprises a radiation layer and a dielectric layer, the radiation layer comprises a plurality of radiators, and each radiator is used for radiating signals; the feed-in module comprises a feed-in layer and a coupling layer, the feed-in layer is provided with a plurality of first feed-in lines and a plurality of second feed-in lines to form a plurality of feed-in units, and the feed-in units are used for feeding the corresponding radiators; the coupling layer is provided with a plurality of first coupling slots and a plurality of second coupling slots, and the first coupling slots and the second coupling slots are arranged in one-to-one correspondence to form a plurality of coupling units; the first coupling slot holes and the second coupling slot holes of the coupling units are arranged at intervals. According to the antenna array provided by the invention, communication with a low-orbit satellite can be realized, and the interference influence of the antenna array can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna array. Background Art

[0002] A low-orbit satellite system (LEO) is a large satellite system consisting of multiple low-orbit satellites that can perform real-time information processing. In the relevant technologies of low-orbit satellite systems, circularly polarized antennas are used for antennas used to achieve communication between ground stations and low-orbit satellites, which can avoid polarization loss of signals on the transmission path and improve signal reliability. The antenna can achieve circular polarization by setting two feed sources with a phase difference of 90 degrees between the two feed sources. Low-orbit satellite systems use antenna arrays for signal transmission and reception, and the performance of antenna arrays is easily affected by space, such as mutual influence between multiple antenna units, or mutual influence between two feed sources of the same antenna unit. Due to the limitation of the antenna array area, antenna units or feed sources will be coupled and interfered with each other, reducing the radiation efficiency of the antenna array and greatly limiting the communication capabilities between satellites and ground stations or other satellites. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above, the present invention provides an antenna array that can realize communication with low-orbit satellites and reduce the interference impact of the antenna array.

[0004] The present application provides an antenna array, comprising: at least one radiating module, the radiating module comprising a stacked radiating layer and a dielectric layer, wherein the radiating layer comprises a plurality of radiators, each radiator being used to radiate a signal, and the dielectric layer being made of a non-conductive material; a feeding module, arranged on a side of the radiating module close to the dielectric layer, the feeding module comprising a stacked feeding layer and a coupling layer, the feeding layer being provided with a plurality of first feeding lines and a plurality of second feeding lines, the first feeding lines and the second feeding lines being arranged in a one-to-one correspondence to form a plurality of feeding units, the feeding units being in a one-to-one correspondence with the radiators of the radiating layer and being used to feed the corresponding radiators; a coupling layer being arranged on a side of the feeding layer close to the radiating module, the coupling layer being used to couple current signals flowing through the feeding units to the radiating module; the coupling layer being provided with a plurality of first coupling slots and a plurality of second coupling slots, the first coupling slots and the second coupling slots being arranged in a one-to-one correspondence to form a plurality of coupling units; the first coupling slots and the second coupling slots of the coupling units being spaced apart from each other.

[0005] In one embodiment, the plurality of first coupling slots and the plurality of second coupling slots have different directions.

[0006] In one embodiment, the plurality of first coupling slots and the plurality of second coupling slots have different shapes.

[0007] In one embodiment, at least one end of the first coupling slot and the second coupling slot of the coupling unit is formed with a port shape.

[0008] In one embodiment, the coupling units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the feeding units of the feeding layer; the first coupling slots are arranged in a corresponding correspondence with the corresponding first feeding lines, and the second coupling slots are arranged in a corresponding correspondence with the corresponding second feeding lines.

[0009] In one embodiment, the length of the first feeding line is the same as the length of the second feeding line.

[0010] In one embodiment, at least one radiation module includes two radiation modules, and the radiation layer of one radiation module is arranged close to the dielectric layer of the other radiation module, the radiators of the two radiation layers are arranged one by one, and the two corresponding radiators receive the feeding signal provided by the same feeding unit.

[0011] In one embodiment, the feeding module further includes a first cavity layer, a second cavity layer and a ground layer, wherein the first cavity layer is arranged between the feeding layer and the coupling layer, and the second cavity layer is arranged between the feeding layer and the ground layer. The first cavity layer and the second cavity layer are correspondingly provided with a plurality of through cavities, and the through cavities are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the radiators.

[0012] In one embodiment, the feeding module further includes a plurality of phase couplers, which are disposed in the feeding layer. Each phase coupler is connected to a corresponding first feeding line and a second feeding line. The phase coupler is configured to output a first feeding signal to the first feeding line and a second feeding signal to the second feeding line.

[0013] In one embodiment, the phase coupler is also used to connect the transmitter and the receiver.

[0014] In summary, the antenna array provided by the present application includes at least one radiation module and a feeding module. The radiation module includes a dielectric layer and a radiation layer arranged in a stacked manner, and a plurality of radiators are arranged on the radiation layer, so that the dielectric layer can concentrate the antenna beam of each radiator and improve the antenna gain of the antenna array. The feeding module includes a feeding layer and a coupling layer arranged in a stacked manner, and the feeding layer is provided with a plurality of first feeding lines and a plurality of second feeding lines, the first feeding line and the second feeding line are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence to form a plurality of feeding units, and each feeding unit corresponds to the radiator in a one-to-one manner, so that the first feeding line and the second feeding line can respectively generate different polarized waves, thereby enabling the radiator to simultaneously receive and transmit signals in two different polarization states, thereby improving the system capacity of the antenna array, enhancing the signal quality and improving the coverage range of the antenna array. The coupling layer is provided with a plurality of first coupling slots and a plurality of second coupling slots. The first coupling slots and the second coupling slots are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence to form a plurality of coupling units. The first coupling slots and the second coupling slots of the coupling units are arranged at intervals. In this way, when the coupling layer couples the current signal flowing through the feeding unit to the radiation module, the coupling layer changes the current path and direction on the coupling layer through the first coupling slots and the second coupling slots, thereby reducing the coupling interference between the first feeding line and the second feeding line, improving the isolation between the first feeding line and the second feeding line, and thereby reducing the interference effect of the antenna array. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A top view of an antenna array provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Figure 2 For the Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of the radiation unit is obtained by the cross-sectional line II-II.

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An exploded view of the radiation unit is shown.

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the feeding module in the radiation unit is shown.

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling layer in the first specific example of the embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the current path of the coupling layer is shown.

[0021] Figure 7 For Figure 5 S-parameter curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0022] Figure 8 For Figure 5 Antenna gain curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0023] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling layer in the second specific example of the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the current path of the coupling layer is shown.

[0025] Figure 11 For Figure 9 S-parameter curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0026] Figure 12 For Figure 9 Antenna gain curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0027] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling layer in the third specific example of the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 14 For Figure 13 S-parameter curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0029] Figure 15 For Figure 13 Antenna gain curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0030] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling layer in the fourth specific example of the embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 17 For Figure 16 S-parameter curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0032] Figure 18 For Figure 16 Antenna gain curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0033] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling layer in the fifth specific example of the embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 20 For Figure 19 S-parameter curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0035] Figure 21 For Figure 19 Antenna gain curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0036] Figure 22This is a schematic structural diagram of the coupling layer in the sixth specific example of an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 23 For Figure 22 S-parameter curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0038] Figure 24 For Figure 22 Antenna gain curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0039] Figure 25 Schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling layer in the seventh specific example of the embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 26 For Figure 25 S-parameter curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0041] Figure 27 For Figure 25 Antenna gain curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0042] Figure 28 Schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling layer in the eighth specific example of the embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 29 For Figure 28 S-parameter curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0044] Figure 30 For Figure 28 Antenna gain curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0045] Figure 31 Schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling layer in the ninth specific example of the embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 32 for Figure 31 Schematic diagram of the current path of the coupling layer is shown.

[0047] Figure 33 For Figure 31 S-parameter curve of the radiating element as a coupling layer.

[0048] Figure 34 A cross-sectional view of a radiation unit provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 35 for Figure 34 Exploded diagram of the radiation unit in .

[0050] Figure 36 This is a structural block diagram of the radio frequency module provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Figure 37 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Description of main component symbols

[0053] Antenna array 10

[0054] Radiating unit 11

[0055] First radiation module 110

[0056] First radiation layer 111

[0057] First radiator 1111

[0058] First dielectric layer 112

[0059] protective layer 120

[0060] Protective cavity 121

[0061] Feed module 130

[0062] Coupling layer 131

[0063] First coupling slots 1311, 1311a, 1311b, 1311c, 1311d, 1311e, 1311f, 1311g, 1311h

[0064] First main slots 13110a, 13110b, 13110c, 13110d, 13110e, 13110f, 13110g, 13110h

[0065] First sub-slot holes 13111a, 13111b, 13111c, 13111d, 13111e, 13111f, 13111g, and 13111h

[0066] Second auxiliary slots 13112a, 13112b, 13112c, 13112d, 13112e, 13112f, 13112g

[0067] Second coupling slots 1312, 1312a, 1312b, 1312c, 1312d, 1312e, 1312f, 1312g, 1312h

[0068] Second main slots 13120a, 13120b, 13120c, 13120d, 13120e, 13120f, 13120g, 13120h

[0069] The third auxiliary slots 13121a, 13121b, 13121c, 13121d, 13121e, 13121f, 13121g, and 13121h

[0070] Fourth auxiliary slots 13122a, 13122b, 13122c, 13122d, 13122e, 13122f, 13122g

[0071] First cavity layer 132

[0072] First through cavity 1321

[0073] Feed layer 133

[0074] First feed line 1331

[0075] Second feed line 1332

[0076] First receiving groove 1333

[0077] First slot 13331

[0078] Second slot 13332

[0079] Phase Coupler 1334

[0080] Signal transmitter TX

[0081] Signal receiving end RX

[0082] The first signal feeding terminal F1

[0083] The second signal feeding terminal F2

[0084] Second cavity layer 134

[0085] Second through cavity 1341

[0086] Ground layer 135

[0087] First dielectric body 136

[0088] Second dielectric body 137

[0089] The third dielectric body 138

[0090] Fourth dielectric body 139

[0091] Second radiation module 140

[0092] Second radiation layer 141

[0093] Second radiator 1411

[0094] Second dielectric layer 142

[0095] Cavity 1421

[0096] RF module 100

[0097] Transmitter 150

[0098] Receiver 160

[0099] Electronic device 200

[0100] The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0101] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0102] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "electrically connected" to another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "electrically connected" to another element, it may be a contact connection, for example, a wire connection, or a contactless connection, for example, a contactless coupling.

[0103] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in this specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0104] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0105] A low-orbit satellite system (LEO) is a large satellite system consisting of multiple LEO satellites capable of real-time information processing. However, the antenna gain used to enable communication between ground stations and LEO satellites is low, failing to meet user needs and significantly limiting the communication capabilities between satellites and ground stations or other satellites.

[0106] Based on this, the present application provides an antenna array that can be used in a ground station to achieve communication with a low-orbit satellite, and the antenna array has a high antenna gain.

[0107] Example 1

[0108] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna array 10 provided in this application. The antenna array 10 includes at least one radiating module and a feed module arranged in a stacked manner. The radiating module is used to transmit or receive signals, and the feed module is used to provide power to the radiating module. It is understood that at least one radiating module and the feed module form an antenna array 10 including a plurality of radiating elements 11. In the following embodiments, the specific structure of the antenna array 10 is illustrated using the structural schematic diagram of one radiating element 11 in the antenna array 10 as an example.

[0109] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of one of the radiation units 11 in the antenna array 10 provided in one embodiment of the present application. In the antenna array 10 provided in this embodiment, at least one radiation module includes a first radiation module 110. Please continue to refer to Figure 3 The first radiation module 110 includes a stacked first radiation layer 111 and a first dielectric layer 112. The first radiation layer 111 includes a plurality of first radiators 1111, each of which is configured to radiate signals. In some embodiments, the first radiation layer 111 may be a printed circuit board, or a plate made of a ceramic or plastic material. The first radiators 1111 may be a metal coating or other sheet made of a conductive material formed on the first radiation layer 111. The first radiators 1111 are formed on the surface of the first radiation layer 111 away from the first dielectric layer 112. The first dielectric layer 112 is made of a non-conductive material. For example, in some embodiments, the first dielectric layer 112 may be made of a material with a dielectric constant of approximately 2.4, specifically a ceramic or plastic material. Specifically, in some embodiments, the first radiators 1111 are generally circular metal sheets. Both the first radiation layer 111 and the first dielectric layer 112 are generally square in shape. The areas of the first radiation layer 111 and the first dielectric layer 112 are both larger than the area of ​​the first radiator 1111. It is understood that the first radiator 111 can be made of a conductive metal material such as copper, aluminum, or silver.

[0110] Please also refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, the antenna array 10 also includes a feeding module 130. The feeding module 130 is arranged on a side of the first radiation module 110 close to the first dielectric layer 112. The feeding module 130 includes a stacked feeding layer 133 and a coupling layer 131. The feeding layer 133 is provided with a plurality of first feeding lines 1331 and a plurality of second feeding lines 1332. The first feeding lines 1331 and the second feeding lines 1332 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence to form a plurality of feeding units. The feeding units correspond one-to-one to the first radiators 1111 on the first radiation layer 111, and are used to feed the corresponding first radiators 1111. In one embodiment of the present application, the one-to-one correspondence between the feeding units and the first radiators 1111 on the first radiation layer 111 means that the two structures arranged in a one-to-one correspondence have at least partial overlap in their projected areas along the Z-axis direction of the antenna array. In this manner, the feed unit and the first radiator 1111 are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence, that is, when projected along the Z-axis of the antenna array 10, the projected area of ​​the feed unit and the projected area of ​​the first radiator 1111 at least partially overlap. For example, the projected area of ​​the feed unit along the Z-axis of the antenna array 10 completely overlaps the projected area of ​​the first radiator 1111 along the Z-axis of the antenna array 10, or the projected area of ​​the feed unit along the Z-axis of the antenna array 10 and the projected area of ​​the first radiator 1111 along the Z-axis of the antenna array 10 partially overlap. Based on this, the one-to-one correspondence between the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 means that, in the feed layer 133, the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 corresponding to the same first radiator 1111, that is, the projection of the first radiator 1111 along the Z-axis of the antenna array overlaps or partially overlaps with the projection of the corresponding first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 along the Z-axis of the antenna array. In one embodiment of the present application, an angle is formed between the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 to generate polarized waves in two different directions, specifically, a horizontally polarized wave and a vertically polarized wave.

[0111] The coupling layer 131 is disposed on a side of the feeding layer 133 close to the first radiating module 110, that is, close to the first dielectric layer 112 of the first radiating module 110, and more specifically, on a side of the first dielectric layer 112 away from the first radiating layer 111. The coupling layer 131 is used to couple the current signal flowing through the feeding unit to the first radiating module 110.

[0112] The coupling layer 131 is provided with a plurality of first coupling slots 1311 and a plurality of second coupling slots 1312 (see FIG. Figure 4). The first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence to form a plurality of coupling units. The first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 of the coupling unit are spaced apart from each other. In this way, when the coupling layer 131 couples the current signal flowing through the feeding unit to the first radiation module 110, the coupling layer 131 changes the current path and direction of the coupling layer 131 through the first coupling slot 1131 and the second coupling slot 1312, which can reduce the coupling interference between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332, improve the isolation between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332, and thereby reduce the interference effect of the antenna array 10.

[0113] In some embodiments, the first coupling slots 1311 and the second coupling slots 1312 have different directions, so that the extension lines of the first coupling slots 1311 and the extension lines of the second coupling slots 1312 of the coupling unit intersect.

[0114] In some embodiments, the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 of the coupling unit are perpendicular to each other and spaced apart (eg, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 ). It is understood that when the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 are perpendicular to each other, the angle between the extension line of the first coupling slot 1311 and the extension line of the second coupling slot 1312 is 90°. In other embodiments, the angle between the extension line of the first coupling slot 1311 and the extension line of the second coupling slot 1312 may also be 30°, 45°, 55°, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the angle between the extension line of the first coupling slot 1311 and the extension line of the second coupling slot 1312.

[0115] Furthermore, at least one end of the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 of the coupling unit is formed into a port shape. It is understood that the at least one end may be one, two, three, or four ends of the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 of the coupling unit. The port shape may be formed at an angle. When the end of the first coupling slot 1311 is formed into a port shape, the angle formed by the port shape of the first coupling slot 1311 may be toward or away from the first coupling slot 1311. When the end of the second coupling slot 1312 is formed into a port shape, the angle formed by the port shape of the second coupling slot 1312 may also be toward or away from the second coupling slot 1312.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first coupling slots 1311 and the second coupling slots 1312 have different shapes. For example, the first coupling slots 1311 may be shaped as a single-direction arrow, while the second coupling slots 1312 may be shaped as a double-direction arrow. Alternatively, the first coupling slots 1311 may be shaped as a double-direction arrow, while the second coupling slots 1312 may be shaped as a single-direction arrow. Alternatively, the first coupling slots 1311 may be H-shaped, while the second coupling slots 1312 may be shaped as a single-direction arrow or a double-direction arrow, or vice versa. For another example, the first coupling slots 1311 may be shaped as a single-direction arrow, while the second coupling slots 1312 may be elongated. This is not a limitation in the present embodiment.

[0117] Of course, in some other embodiments, the first coupling slots 1311 and the second coupling slots 1312 may also have the same shape. For example, the first coupling slots 1311 and the second coupling slots 1312 are both shaped like a one-way arrow or a two-way arrow.

[0118] Furthermore, each coupling unit is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with a feeding unit. The first coupling slot 1311 is provided in correspondence with the corresponding first feeding line 1331, and the second coupling slot 1312 is provided in correspondence with the corresponding second feeding line 1332. In this embodiment, the shape of the first coupling slot 1311 and the projection of the first feeding line 1331 along the Z-axis of the antenna array 10 can be the same or different, and the shape of the second coupling slot 1312 and the projection of the second feeding line 1332 along the Z-axis of the antenna array 10 can be the same or different. However, the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 must be elongated and narrow to achieve a coupling effect, such as an elliptical shape. In this way, the coupling layer 131 couples the current signal flowing through the feeding unit to the first radiating module 110 via the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312. In other embodiments, the coupling layer 131 can be replaced with a first coupling layer and a second coupling layer (not shown), with the first coupling layer defining a first coupling slot corresponding to the first feeding line 1331, and the second coupling layer defining a second coupling slot corresponding to the second feeding line 1332. In this manner, the design of the first coupling layer and the second coupling layer can also couple the current signal flowing through the feeding unit to the first radiation module 110.

[0119] In some embodiments, along the projection direction of the Z-axis of the antenna array 10, the projection of the first coupling slot 1311 and the projection of the corresponding first feeding line 1331 are perpendicular to each other, and the projection of the second coupling slot 1312 and the projection of the corresponding second feeding line 1332 are perpendicular to each other, so that the current signals of the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332 can be better coupled to the first radiation module 110 through the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312.

[0120] It is understood that if the distance between the midpoint of the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 is too close, the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 will interfere with each other, while if the distance is too far, the antenna array 10 will be too large. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the distance is set to one-sixth of a wavelength, and the corresponding distance between the end of the first coupling slot 1311 closest to the second coupling slot 1312 and the second coupling slot 1312 is set to one-twelfth of a wavelength. In some specific examples, one-sixth of a wavelength is approximately 4.6 mm, and one-twelfth of a wavelength is approximately 1.65 mm. In other specific examples, one-sixth of a wavelength is 4 mm, and one-twelfth of a wavelength is 2 mm.

[0121] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the feeding module 130 further includes a first cavity layer 132, a second cavity layer 134, and a ground layer 135. The first cavity layer 132 is disposed between the feeding layer 133 and the coupling layer 131, and the second cavity layer 134 is disposed between the feeding layer 133 and the ground layer 135. The first cavity layer 132 is provided with a plurality of first through-cavities 1321, and the second cavity layer 134 is provided with a plurality of second through-cavities 1341. Each of the first through-cavities 1321 and the second through-cavities 1341 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the first radiators 1111. The projected areas of the first through-cavities 1321 and the second through-cavities 1341 along the Z-axis of the antenna array 10 at least partially overlap with the projected areas of the corresponding first radiators 1111 along the Z-axis.

[0122] In the embodiment of the present application, the first cavity layer 132 is arranged between the feeding layer 133 and the coupling layer 131, and the second cavity layer 134 is arranged between the feeding layer 133 and the ground layer 135, which is used to isolate the coupling layer 131, the feeding layer 133 and the ground layer 135, and is also used to increase the antenna height of the antenna array 10, thereby improving the antenna gain of the antenna array 10.

[0123] The feed layer 133 is provided with a plurality of first receiving slots 1333 (see Figure 4), and the first receiving slot 1333 penetrates the first feeding layer 133. Each first feeding line 1331 and each second feeding line 1332 are respectively disposed in the corresponding first receiving slot 1333.

[0124] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the feeding module 130 further includes a plurality of phase couplers 1334. The phase couplers 1334 are used to realize the connection between the antenna array 10 and the signal transceiver (see Figure 36 , including signal transmission between the transmitter 150 and the receiver 160). The phase coupler 1334 is arranged in the feeding layer 133. In this embodiment, the phase coupler 1334 is arranged in the first receiving groove 1333 of the feeding layer 133. Specifically, the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332 are both microstrip lines that are roughly in the shape of an elongated strip. The phase coupler 1334 is a metal ring that is roughly in the shape of a square ring. The first receiving groove 1333 may include a first groove 13331 and a second groove 13332 that are interconnected. The phase coupler 1334 is arranged in the first groove 13331, and the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332 are arranged in the second groove 13332. Among them, the shapes of the first groove 13331 and the second groove 13332 can be set according to the relationship between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332. Specifically, when the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 need to be set to be equal in length and extend in different directions, the shape of the first groove 13331 can be set to be square, and the shape of the second groove 13332 can be set to be circular / elliptical. Of course, it is understood that the specific shape of the first receiving groove 1333 in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this and can be set according to actual needs.

[0125] The phase coupler 1334 includes a signal receiving terminal RX, a signal transmitting terminal TX, a first signal feed terminal F1, and a second signal feed terminal F2. The signal receiving terminal RX and the signal transmitting terminal TX are arranged on one side of the phase coupler 1334, and the first signal feed terminal F1 and the second signal feed terminal F2 are arranged on the other side of the phase coupler 1334 away from the signal receiving terminal RX and the signal transmitting terminal TX. Each phase coupler 1334 is used to connect to the corresponding first feed line 1331 and second feed line 1332 to output a first feed signal to the first feed line 1331 and a second feed signal to the second feed line 1332. The phases of the first feed signal and the second feed signal can be the same or different. For example, in this embodiment, the phases of the first feed signal and the second feed signal can differ by 90° or -90°. In this way, a circularly polarized wave can be excited in the radiating unit 11. The signal receiving end RX is used to connect to the receiver 160 in the signal transceiver, and the signal transmitting end TX is used to connect to the transmitter 150 in the signal transceiver.

[0126] The extension direction of the first feed line 1331 in the feed layer 133 does not completely overlap with the extension direction of the corresponding second feed line 1332 in the feed layer 133. Furthermore, the first feed line 1331 is used to generate a first polarized wave, and the second feed line 1332 is used to generate a second polarized wave. For example, in this embodiment, on the feed layer 133, the first feed line 1331 extends in a first direction, and the second feed line 1332 extends in a second direction. The first direction is a direction away from the phase coupler 1334, and the second direction is a direction away from the first feed line 1331. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. In addition, when the phase difference between the first feed signal and the second feed signal is 90°, the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 can jointly excite a dual circularly polarized signal, which is beneficial for communication with low-orbit satellites. Furthermore, when the radiation pattern of the signal transmitted by the signal receiving end RX and the radiation pattern of the signal transmitted by the signal transmitting end TX are circular polarization patterns that are opposite to each other, the antenna array 10 can also realize simultaneous signal reception and transmission based on dual circular polarization waves through different radiation units 11.

[0127] More specifically, the first feed line 1331 may include a first feed segment (not labeled in the figure), a second feed segment (not labeled in the figure), and a third feed segment (not labeled in the figure), wherein the first end of the first feed segment is connected to the first signal feed terminal F1, the second end of the first feed segment extends in the first direction and is connected to the first end of the second feed segment, the second end of the second feed segment extends in a direction opposite to the second direction and is connected to the first end of the third feed segment, and the second end of the third feed segment extends in the first direction. The second feed line 1332 may include a fourth feed segment (not labeled in the figure) and a fifth feed segment (not labeled in the figure), wherein the first end of the fourth feed segment is connected to the second signal feed terminal F2, the second end of the fourth feed segment extends in the first direction and is connected to the first end of the fifth feed segment, and the second end of the fifth feed segment extends in the second direction. In which, along the projection direction of the Z axis of the antenna array 10, the projection of the first coupling slot 1311 and the projection of the corresponding third feed segment of the first feed line 1331 are perpendicular to each other, and the projection of the second coupling slot 1312 and the projection of the corresponding fifth feed segment of the second feed line 1332 are perpendicular to each other.

[0128] It can be understood that the length of the first feeding line 1331 is the same as the length of the second feeding line 1332 .

[0129] The ground layer 135 is disposed on the side of the second cavity layer 134 away from the feed layer 133. It is understood that the ground layer 135 can be a metal coating disposed on a printed circuit board. Furthermore, the metal coating can be disposed on the side of the ground layer 135 away from the second cavity layer 134. In this embodiment, through holes (not labeled) can be provided in the coupling layer 131, the first cavity layer 132, the feed layer 133, the second cavity layer 134, and the ground layer 135. The through holes in each layer of the feed module 130 are sequentially connected to the metal coating on the ground layer 135, thereby achieving grounding.

[0130] See also Figure 4 In this embodiment, the first feeding line 1331 is connected to the first signal feeding end F1 of the phase coupler 1334 through a metal connector. The second feeding line 1332 is connected to the second signal feeding end F2 of the phase coupler 1334 through a metal connector. The feeding layer 133, the second cavity layer 134 and the ground layer 135 may each be provided with a first connection hole and a second connection hole (not shown in the figure). In this way, the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX of the phase coupler 1334 pass through the feeding layer 133, the second cavity layer 134 and the ground layer 135 through the first connection hole and the second connection hole respectively, so as to connect to the transmitter 150 and the receiver 160 in the signal transceiver (see FIG. 1 ). Figure 36 In other embodiments, the through hole, the first connection hole, and the second connection hole may also be replaced with a feeding probe. The present application does not limit the manner in which the antenna array 10 is electrically connected in the multi-layer structure.

[0131] Please refer again Figure 3 In some embodiments, the feeding module 130 further includes a first dielectric body 136, a second dielectric body 137, a third dielectric body 138, and a fourth dielectric body 139. The first dielectric body 136 is disposed between the coupling layer 131 and the first cavity layer 132, the second dielectric body 137 is disposed between the first cavity layer 132 and the feeding layer 133, the third dielectric body 138 is disposed between the feeding layer 133 and the second cavity layer 134, and the fourth dielectric body 139 is disposed between the second cavity layer 134 and the ground layer 135. The first dielectric body 136, the second dielectric body 137, the third dielectric body 138, and the fourth dielectric body 139 may also be provided with through holes, first connection holes, and second connection holes, respectively. It is understood that the first dielectric body 136, the second dielectric body 137, the third dielectric body 138, and the fourth dielectric body 139 may also be made of a material with a dielectric constant of approximately 2.4.

[0132] It is understood that the antenna array 10 is also connected to a phase adjustment module (not shown). The phase adjustment module is used to adjust the phase of the antenna array 10's transmitted and received signals to achieve efficient communication between the device containing the antenna array 10 and a low-orbit satellite through beamforming technology. For example, the phase adjustment module may include a control unit, a combiner, an attenuator, a power amplifier, and a low-noise amplifier. This application is not limited to the specific circuit structure of the phase adjustment module.

[0133] In this embodiment, the working principle of the antenna array 10 is roughly as follows:

[0134] when Figure 2 When the radiating element 11 is used to transmit a signal, the transmitter 150 in the signal transceiver feeds a radio frequency signal to the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 via the signal transmitting terminal TX. Furthermore, because the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 extend perpendicularly to each other, the current path flowing through the first feed line 1331 and the current path flowing through the second feed line 1332 are orthogonal to each other. Furthermore, after the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 receive the feed signal via the first signal feed terminal F1 and the second signal feed terminal F2, respectively, the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 intersect at an angle in the Z-axis projection direction of the antenna array 10. Thus, the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 can generate a first polarized wave and a second polarized wave, respectively, specifically a horizontally polarized wave and a vertically polarized wave. Furthermore, through phase coupler 1334, the first polarized wave generated by first feed line 1331 and the second polarized wave generated by second feed line 1332 are simultaneously coupled and fed to first radiator 1111 through first coupling slot 1311 and second coupling slot 1312 on coupling layer 131, thereby causing first radiator 1111 to emit left-handed circularly polarized waves or right-handed circularly polarized waves. In some embodiments, the operating frequency band of antenna array 10 when transmitting signals can be 14 GHz to 14.5 GHz.

[0135] when Figure 2When the illustrated radiation unit 11 is used to receive signals, the first radiator 1111 receives electromagnetic waves from the outside and converts them into electrical signals. The first radiator 1111 couples the electrical signals to the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 via the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312. The first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 then feed the electrical signals back to the receiver 160 in the signal transceiver via the phase coupler 1334. Because the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 are perpendicular to each other and spaced apart, the extension directions of the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 are also perpendicular to each other. As a result, the first feed line 1331 can couple to generate a first polarized wave, and the second feed line 1332 can couple to generate a second polarized wave. The polarization directions of the first polarized wave and the second polarized wave are perpendicular to each other. As a result, the current path of the current signal generated by the first polarized wave by the first feed line 1331 and the current path of the current signal generated by the second polarized wave by the second feed line 1332 are orthogonal to each other. Thus, the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 transmit the generated current signals to the signal receiving end RX via the first signal feed end F1 and the second signal feed end F2, respectively. The received current signals are then sent to the receiver 160 in the signal transceiver via the signal receiving end RX to receive the antenna signal. In some embodiments, the operating frequency band of the antenna array 10 when receiving signals can be 10.7 GHz to 12.5 GHz.

[0136] In some embodiments, the radiation pattern of the signal transmitted by the signal receiving end RX of the phase coupler 1334 and the radiation pattern of the signal transmitted by the signal transmitting end TX are opposite circular polarization patterns. That is, the radiating unit 11 can emit one of left-hand circularly polarized waves or right-hand circularly polarized waves when transmitting a signal, and the radiating unit 11 can emit the other of left-hand circularly polarized waves or right-hand circularly polarized waves when receiving a signal. In other embodiments, a radio frequency switch can be set to control the radiating unit 11 to emit left-hand circularly polarized waves or right-hand circularly polarized waves when receiving a signal, and to control the radiating unit 11 to emit left-hand circularly polarized waves or right-hand circularly polarized waves when transmitting a signal.

[0137] It is understandable that since the antenna array 10 includes multiple radiating units 11 (for example, 1024 radiating units 11), in some embodiments, the phase adjustment module can control some of the radiating units 11 in the antenna array 10 to transmit signals, and at the same time control other radiating units 11 in the antenna array 10 to receive signals. In this way, the antenna array 10 can simultaneously receive and transmit signals with low-orbit satellites, thereby improving the communication efficiency with low-orbit satellites.

[0138] It can be understood that in each radiating unit 11 of the antenna array 10, the projection area of ​​the first radiator 1111 in the Z-axis direction of the antenna array 10 completely covers the projection area of ​​the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 in the Z-axis direction of the antenna array 10. In this way, the energy of the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332 can be coupled to the first radiator 1111 as much as possible.

[0139] Please refer again Figure 3 In some embodiments, the antenna array 10 further includes a protective layer 120. The protective layer 120 is disposed on the side of the first radiating layer 111 away from the first dielectric layer 112 to protect the antenna array 10 from sunlight, rain, and dust, thereby improving the operational stability of the antenna array 10. In this embodiment, the protective layer 120 further includes a protective cavity 121 corresponding to the first radiator 1111. For example, the protective cavity 121 can be formed by an inward depression on the side of the protective layer 120 adjacent to the first radiator 1111, and can be generally cylindrical. This reduces the weight of the antenna array 10.

[0140] Furthermore, in the antenna array 10, the first radiating layer 111, the first dielectric layer 112, the first cavity layer 132, the second cavity layer 134, the first dielectric body 136, the second dielectric body 137, the third dielectric body 138, and the fourth dielectric body 139 may further have through holes at positions not corresponding to the first radiator 1111. This can further reduce the weight of the antenna array 10.

[0141] It is understandable that in the antenna array 10, every two adjacent layers of structures may be connected by an adhesive. The present application does not limit the specific type of the adhesive.

[0142] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the first specific example of the embodiment of the present application, at least one end of the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 is formed into a port shape. The angle formed by the port shape at one end of the first coupling slot 1311 is oriented toward the first coupling slot 1311, and the first coupling slot 1311 is generally in the shape of a unidirectional arrow.

[0143] Specifically, if Figure 5 As shown, one end of the first coupling slot 1311a is formed with a port shape, and the end of the first coupling slot 1311a with the port shape is close to the second coupling slot 1312. The port shape is formed at an angle, and the angle is oriented toward the first coupling slot 1311a. The second coupling slot 1312 does not have an angled port shape formed at either end. That is, in this example, the port shape is formed only at one end of the first coupling slot 1311a.

[0144] Specifically, the first coupling slot 1311a includes a first main slot 13110a that is narrow and long, and a first sub-slot 13111a and a second sub-slot 13112a that are connected to the first main slot 13110a are respectively formed at both ends of the first main slot 13110a. The first sub-slot 13111a is close to the second coupling slot 1312 and forms an angle as a whole, which is toward the first main slot 13110a. The second sub-slot 13112a is vertically connected to the first main slot 13110a, so that the first coupling slot 1311a as a whole is in the shape of a unidirectional arrow. The second coupling slot 1312a includes a second, narrow, main slot 13120a. A third sub-slot 13121a and a fourth sub-slot 13122a are formed at both ends of the second main slot 13120a, communicating with the second main slot 13120a. The third sub-slot 13121a and the fourth sub-slot 13122a are perpendicularly connected to the second main slot 13120a, forming an H-shape overall. The extension line of the first main slot 13110a of the first coupling slot 1311a and the second main slot 13120a of the second coupling slot 1312a are perpendicular to each other.

[0145] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the current path of the coupling layer 131a in the example of FIG. Figure 6 It can be seen that the current on the coupling layer 131a is changed in its path and direction by the unidirectional arrow shape of the first coupling slot 1311a, and the current is concentrated near the port shape formed by the first coupling slot 1311a, thereby reducing the coupling interference between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332, improving the isolation between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332, and thus reducing the interference impact of the antenna array 10.

[0146] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 For Figure 5 The S parameter curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. Among them, the curve S71 represents the S11 value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive signals; the curve S72 represents the S11 value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit signals; the curve S73 represents the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX. Figure 7It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 has a good reflection coefficient whether it is transmitting or receiving signals, and the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX of the radiation unit 11 can reach below -50dB, which can effectively reduce the coupling effect between the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332, so that the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 have better isolation.

[0147] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 For Figure 5 Antenna gain curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. The gain value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit a signal is substantially the same as the gain value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive a signal. Figure 8 It can be seen that the radiating element 11 of this example has a high antenna gain, which meets the antenna working requirements. In particular, the gain value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiating element 11 is used to transmit signals is substantially the same as the gain value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiating element 11 is used to receive signals.

[0148] See also Figure 9 , Figure 9 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the coupling layer 131b of the second specific example of this embodiment. Figure 9 As shown, both ends of the first coupling reference hole 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 are formed with a port shape, and the port shapes form an angle. That is, the port shape is formed at all ends of the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312. The angle formed by the port shapes at both ends of the first coupling slot 1311 is oriented toward the first coupling slot 1311, and the angle formed by the port shapes at both ends of the second coupling slot 1312 is oriented toward the second coupling slot 1312. As a result, the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 are formed in the shape of a double-headed arrow as a whole.

[0149] Specifically, the first coupling slot 1311b includes a first main slot 13110b that is narrow and long, and a first sub-slot 13111b and a second sub-slot 13112b that are connected to the first main slot 13110b are respectively formed at both ends of the first main slot 13110b. The first sub-slot 13111b and the second sub-slot 13112b are formed with an angle as a whole, and the angle is toward the first main slot 13110b. The first sub-slot 13111b and the second sub-slot 13112b are symmetrical along the center of the first main slot 13110b. Each second coupling slot 1312b includes a narrow, elongated second main slot 13120b. A third sub-slot 13121b and a fourth sub-slot 13122b are formed at both ends of the second main slot 13120b, communicating with the second main slot 13120b. The third sub-slot 13121b and the fourth sub-slot 13122b form an angle with the second main slot 13120b. The third sub-slot 13121b and the fourth sub-slot 13122b are symmetrically arranged about the center of the second main slot 13120b. As a result, the first coupling slot 1311b and the second coupling slot 1312b form a double-headed arrow shape.

[0150] The extension line of the first main slot 13110b of the first coupling slot 1311b and the second main slot 13120b of the second coupling slot 1312b are perpendicular to each other. The intersection of the extension line of the first main slot 13110 of the first coupling slot 1311b and the second main slot 13120b of the second coupling slot 1312b can be the midpoint of the second main slot 13120b. Of course, it is understood that in other embodiments, the first sub-slot 13111b and the second sub-slot 13112b may not be symmetrically arranged along the center of the first main slot 13110b, and the third sub-slot 13121b and the fourth sub-slot 13122b may not be symmetrically arranged along the center of the second main slot 13120b.

[0151] See also Figure 10 , Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the current path of the coupling layer 131b in the example of FIG. Figure 6 It can be seen that the current on the coupling layer 131b is changed in its path and direction by the bidirectional arrow shape of the first coupling slot 1311b and the second coupling slot 1312b, and the current is concentrated near the port shape formed by the first coupling slot 1311b and the second coupling slot 1312b, thereby reducing the coupling interference between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332, improving the isolation between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332, and thus reducing the interference impact of the antenna array 10.

[0152] See also Figure 11 , Figure 11 For Figure 9 The S parameter curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. The curve S111 represents the S11 value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive signals; the curve S112 represents the S11 value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit signals; the curve S113 represents the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX. Figure 11 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 has a good reflection coefficient whether it is transmitting or receiving signals, and the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX of the radiation unit 11 can reach below -50dB, which can effectively reduce the coupling effect between the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332, so that the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 have better isolation.

[0153] See also Figure 12 , Figure 12 For Figure 9 The antenna gain curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. Among them, the gain value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit the signal is basically the same as the gain value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive the signal. Figure 12 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 of this example has a relatively high antenna gain, which meets the antenna working requirements.

[0154] See also Figure 13 , Figure 13 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the coupling layer 131c of the third specific example of this embodiment. Figure 13 As shown, both ends of the first coupling slot 1311c are formed with a port shape, the port shape forms an angle, and the angle is toward the first coupling slot 1311c. Both ends of the second coupling slot 1312c do not form a port shape with an angle.

[0155] Specifically, the first coupling slot 1311c includes a first main slot 13110c that is narrow and long, and a first sub-slot 13111c and a second sub-slot 13112c that are connected to the first main slot 13110c are respectively formed at both ends of the first main slot 13110c. The first sub-slot 13111c and the second sub-slot 13112c are formed with an angle as a whole, and the angle is toward the first main slot 13110c. The first sub-slot 13111c and the second sub-slot 13112c are symmetrical along the center of the first main slot 13110c, so that the first coupling slot 1311c as a whole is in the shape of a two-way arrow. The second coupling slot 1312c includes a second, narrow, main slot 13120c. A third sub-slot 13121c and a fourth sub-slot 13122c are formed at both ends of the second main slot 13120c, communicating with the second main slot 13120c. The third sub-slot 13121c and the fourth sub-slot 13122c are perpendicularly connected to the second main slot 13120c, forming an H-shape overall. The extension line of the first main slot 13110c of the first coupling slot 1311c and the second main slot 13120c of the second coupling slot 1312c are perpendicular to each other.

[0156] See also Figure 14 , Figure 14 For Figure 13 The S parameter curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. Among them, the curve S141 represents the S11 value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive signals; the curve S142 represents the S11 value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit signals; the curve S143 represents the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX. Figure 14 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 has a good reflection coefficient whether it is transmitting or receiving signals, and the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX of the radiation unit 11 can reach below -50dB, which can effectively reduce the coupling effect between the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332, so that the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 have better isolation.

[0157] See also Figure 15 , Figure 15 For Figure 13 Antenna gain curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. The gain value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit a signal is substantially the same as the gain value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive a signal. Figure 15 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 of this example has a relatively high antenna gain, which meets the antenna working requirements.

[0158] See also Figure 16, Figure 16 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the coupling layer 131d of the fourth specific example of this embodiment. Figure 16 As shown, both ends of the first coupling slot 1311d do not form a port shape with an included angle. Both ends of the second coupling slot 1312d form a port shape, and the port shape forms an included angle, and the included angle is directed toward the second coupling slot 1312d.

[0159] Specifically, the first coupling slot 1311d includes a first main slot 13110d which is narrow and long, and a first sub-slot 13111d and a second sub-slot 13112d which are connected to the first main slot 13110d are formed at both ends of the first main slot 13110d respectively. The first sub-slot 13111d and the second sub-slot 13112d are both vertically connected to the first main slot 13110d, so that the first coupling slot 1311d is H-shaped as a whole. The second coupling slot 1312d includes a narrow, elongated second main slot 13120d. A third sub-slot 13121d and a fourth sub-slot 13122d are formed at either end of the second main slot 13120d, communicating with the second main slot 13120d. The third sub-slot 13121d and the fourth sub-slot 13122d each form an angle oriented toward the second main slot 13120d. The third sub-slot 13121d and the fourth sub-slot 13122d are symmetrical about the center of the second main slot 13120d, resulting in the overall shape of a double-headed arrow. The extension line of the first main slot 13110d of the first coupling slot 1311d is perpendicular to the second main slot 13120d of the second coupling slot 1312d.

[0160] See also Figure 17 , Figure 17 For Figure 16 The S parameter curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. Among them, the curve S171 represents the S11 value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive signals; the curve S172 represents the S11 value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit signals; the curve S173 represents the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX. Figure 17 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 has a good reflection coefficient whether it is transmitting or receiving signals, and the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX of the radiation unit 11 can reach below -40dB, which can reduce the coupling effect between the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332, so that the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 have better isolation.

[0161] See also Figure 18 , Figure 18 For Figure 16Antenna gain curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. Curve S181 represents the gain value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit signals; curve S182 represents the gain value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive signals. Figure 18 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 of this example has a relatively high antenna gain, which meets the antenna working requirements.

[0162] See also Figure 19 , Figure 19 FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of the coupling layer 131e of the fifth specific example of this embodiment. Figure 19 As shown, both ends of the first coupling slot 1311e are formed with a port shape, and the port shape forms an angle, and the angle is away from the first coupling slot 1311e. Both ends of the second coupling slot 1312e are formed with a port shape, and the port shape forms an angle, and the angle is away from the second coupling slot 1312e.

[0163] Specifically, the first coupling slot 1311e includes a first main slot 13110e that is narrow and long, and a first sub-slot 13111e and a second sub-slot 13112e that are connected to the first main slot 13110e are respectively formed at both ends of the first main slot 13110e. The first sub-slot 13111e and the second sub-slot 13112e both form an angle, and the angle is back to the first main slot 13110e. The first sub-slot 13111e and the second sub-slot 13112e are symmetrical along the center of the first main slot 13110e, so that the two ends of the first coupling slot 1311e form a port shape. The second coupling slot 1312e includes a second main slot 13120e that is narrow and long. A third sub-slot 13121e and a fourth sub-slot 13122e that are connected to the second main slot 13120e are respectively formed at both ends of the second main slot 13120e. The third sub-slot 13121e and the fourth sub-slot 13122e both form an angle, and the angle is away from the second main slot 13120e. The third sub-slot 13121e and the fourth sub-slot 13122e are symmetrical along the center of the second main slot 13120e, so that the two ends of the second coupling slot 1312 form a port shape. Of course, it is understood that in other embodiments, the first sub-slot 13111e and the second sub-slot 13112e may not be symmetrical about the center of the first main slot 13110e, and the third sub-slot 13121e and the fourth sub-slot 13122e may not be symmetrical about the center of the second main slot 13120e. The extension line of the first main slot 13110e of the first coupling slot 1311e and the second main slot 13120e of the second coupling slot 1312e are perpendicular to each other.

[0164] See also Figure 20 , Figure 20 For Figure 19 The S parameter curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. Curve S201 represents the S11 value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive signals; curve S202 represents the S11 value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit signals; curve S203 represents the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX. Figure 20 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 has a good reflection coefficient whether it is transmitting or receiving signals, and the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX of the radiation unit 11 can reach below -50dB, which can effectively reduce the coupling effect between the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332, so that the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 have better isolation.

[0165] See also Figure 21 , Figure 21 For Figure 19 Antenna gain curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. The gain value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit a signal is substantially the same as the gain value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive a signal. Figure 21 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 of this example has a relatively high antenna gain, which meets the antenna working requirements.

[0166] See also Figure 22 , Figure 22 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the coupling layer 131f of the sixth specific example of this embodiment. Figure 22 As shown, both ends of the first coupling slot 1311f are formed with a port shape, and the port shape forms an angle, which is away from the first coupling slot 1311f. Both ends of the second coupling slot 1312f do not form a port shape with an angle.

[0167] Specifically, the first coupling slot 1311f includes a first main slot 13110f that is narrow and long, and a first sub-slot 13111f and a second sub-slot 13112f that are connected to the first main slot 13110f are formed at both ends of the first main slot 13110f respectively. The first sub-slot 13111f and the second sub-slot 13112f both form an angle, and the angle is back to the first main slot 13110f. The first sub-slot 13111f and the second sub-slot 13112f are symmetrical along the center of the first main slot 1311f0, so that the two ends of the first coupling slot 1311f form a port shape. The second coupling slot 1312f includes a narrow and long second main slot 13120f. A third sub-slot 13121f and a fourth sub-slot 13122f are formed at both ends of the second main slot 13120f, respectively, communicating with the second main slot 13120f. The third sub-slot 13121f and the fourth sub-slot 13122f are perpendicularly connected to the second main slot 13120f, forming an overall H-shape in the second coupling slot 1312f. The extension line of the first main slot 13110f of the first coupling slot 1311f and the second main slot 13120f of the second coupling slot 1312f are perpendicular to each other.

[0168] See also Figure 23 , Figure 23 For Figure 22 The S parameter curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. Among them, the curve S231 represents the S11 value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive signals; the curve S232 represents the S11 value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit signals; the curve S233 represents the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX. Figure 23 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 has a good reflection coefficient whether it is transmitting or receiving signals, and the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX of the radiation unit 11 can reach below -50dB, which can effectively reduce the coupling effect between the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332, so that the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 have better isolation.

[0169] See also Figure 24 , Figure 24 For Figure 22 Antenna gain curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. The gain value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit a signal is substantially the same as the gain value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive a signal. Figure 24 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 of this example has a relatively high antenna gain, which meets the antenna working requirements.

[0170] See also Figure 25 , Figure 25 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the coupling layer 131g of the seventh specific example of this embodiment. Figure 25 As shown, both ends of the first coupling slot 1311g do not form a port shape with an included angle. Both ends of the second coupling slot 1312g form a port shape, and the port shape forms an included angle, and the included angle is away from the second coupling slot 1312g.

[0171] Specifically, the first coupling slot 1311g includes a first main slot 13110g which is narrow and long, and a first sub-slot 13111g and a second sub-slot 13112g which are connected to the first main slot 13110g are formed at both ends of the first main slot 13110g respectively. The first sub-slot 13111g and the second sub-slot 13112g are both vertically connected to the first main slot 13110g, so that the first coupling slot 1311g is H-shaped as a whole. The second coupling slot 1312g includes a narrow, elongated second main slot 13120g. A third sub-slot 13121g and a fourth sub-slot 13122g are formed at both ends of the second main slot 13120g, communicating with the second main slot 13120g. The third sub-slot 13121g and the fourth sub-slot 13122g are angled away from the second main slot 13120g. The third sub-slot 13121g and the fourth sub-slot 13122g are symmetrical about the center of the second main slot 13120g, forming a port shape at both ends of the second coupling slot 1312g. The extension line of the first main slot 13110g of the first coupling slot 1311g is perpendicular to the second main slot 13120g of the second coupling slot 1312g.

[0172] See also Figure 26 , Figure 26 For Figure 25 The S parameter curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. Among them, the curve S261 represents the S11 value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive signals; the curve S262 represents the S11 value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit signals; the curve S263 represents the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX. Figure 26 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 has a good reflection coefficient whether it is transmitting or receiving signals, and the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX of the radiation unit 11 can reach below -50dB, which can effectively reduce the coupling effect between the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332, so that the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 have better isolation.

[0173] See also Figure 27 , Figure 27 For Figure 25 Antenna gain curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. The gain value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit a signal is substantially the same as the gain value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive a signal. Figure 27 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 of this example has a relatively high antenna gain, which meets the antenna working requirements.

[0174] See also Figure 28 , Figure 28 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the coupling layer 131h of the eighth specific example of this embodiment. Figure 28 As shown, one end of the first coupling slot 1311 h is formed in a port shape, the port shape is formed with an angle, and the angle is toward the first coupling slot 1311 h.

[0175] Both ends of the second coupling slot 1312h do not form a port shape with an angle.

[0176] Specifically, the first coupling slot 1311h includes a first, elongated main slot 13110h. A first sub-slot 13111h, communicating with the first main slot 13110h, is formed at one end of the first main slot 13110h. The first sub-slot 13111h forms an angle with the first main slot 13110h, forming a one-way arrow shape. The first sub-slot 13111h is located adjacent to the second coupling slot 1312h. The second coupling slot 1312h includes a second, elongated main slot 13120. The extension of the first main slot 13110h of the first coupling slot 1311h and the second main slot 13120h of the second coupling slot 1312h are perpendicular to each other.

[0177] See also Figure 29 , Figure 29 For Figure 28 The S parameter curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. Among them, the curve S291 represents the S11 value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive signals; the curve S292 represents the S11 value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit signals; the curve S293 represents the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX. Figure 29 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 has a good reflection coefficient whether it is transmitting or receiving signals, and the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX of the radiation unit 11 can reach below -50dB, which can effectively reduce the coupling effect between the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332, so that the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 have better isolation.

[0178] See also Figure 30 , Figure 30 For Figure 28 Antenna gain curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. Curve S301 represents the gain value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit signals; curve S302 represents the gain value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive signals. Figure 30 It can be seen that the radiation unit 11 of this example has a relatively high antenna gain, which meets the antenna working requirements.

[0179] Of course, the coupling layer 131 of the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the above specific example. For example, the angled port shape may be formed only at one end of the second coupling slot 1312, and the angle may be toward or away from the second coupling slot 1312.

[0180] See also Figure 31 , Figure 31 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the coupling layer 131i of the ninth specific example of this embodiment. Figure 31 As shown, both ends of the first coupling reference 1311i and the second coupling slot 1312i are formed with a port shape, and the port shape does not form an angle.

[0181] Specifically, the first coupling slot 1311i includes a first main slot 13110i which is narrow and long, and a first sub-slot 13111i and a second sub-slot 13112i which are connected to the first main slot 13110i are formed at both ends of the first main slot 13110i, respectively. The first sub-slot 13111i and the second sub-slot 13112i are respectively arranged perpendicular to the first main slot 13110i, and the first sub-slot 13111i and the second sub-slot 13112i are symmetrical along the center of the first main slot 13110i. Each second coupling slot 1312i includes a narrow, elongated second main slot 13120i. A third sub-slot 13121i and a fourth sub-slot 13122i are formed at both ends of the second main slot 13120i, communicating with the second main slot 13120i. The third sub-slot 13121i and the fourth sub-slot 13122i are disposed perpendicular to the second main slot 13120i and are symmetrically arranged about the center of the second main slot 13120i. As a result, the first coupling slot 1311i and the second coupling slot 1312i form an overall H-shape.

[0182] The extension line of the first main slot 13110i of the first coupling slot 1311i and the second main slot 13120i of the second coupling slot 1312i are perpendicular to each other. The intersection of the extension line of the first main slot 13110 of the first coupling slot 1311i and the second main slot 13120i of the second coupling slot 1312i can be the midpoint of the second main slot 13120i. Of course, it is understood that in other embodiments, the first sub-slot 13111i and the second sub-slot 13112i may not be symmetrically arranged along the center of the first main slot 13110i, and the third sub-slot 13121i and the fourth sub-slot 13122i may not be symmetrically arranged along the center of the second main slot 13120i.

[0183] See also Figure 32 , Figure 32 for Figure 31 Schematic diagram of the current path of the coupling layer 131i in the example of FIG. Figure 32 It can be seen that the current on the coupling layer 131i is changed by the H-shaped first coupling slot 1311i and the second coupling slot 1312i, and the current path and direction are changed. The current is concentrated near the port shape formed by the first coupling slot 1311i and the second coupling slot 1312i, thereby reducing the coupling interference between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332, improving the isolation between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332, and thus reducing the interference effect of the antenna array 10. However, compared with Figure 6 The current path diagram of the coupling layer 131a of the first specific example is shown and Figure 10 Compared with the current path schematic diagram of the coupling layer 131b, Figure 5 The coupling layer 131a and Figure 9 The angled port shape in the coupling layer b in the example has a greater impact on the current path and direction, so compared to Figure 31 The coupling layer 131 i in the example can further reduce the coupling interference between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332 , further improve the isolation between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332 , and further reduce the interference effect of the antenna array 10 .

[0184] See also Figure 33 , Figure 33 For Figure 31 The S parameter curve of the radiation unit 11 as a coupling layer. Among them, the curve S331 represents the S11 value of the signal receiving end RX when the radiation unit 11 is used to receive signals; the curve S332 represents the S11 value of the signal transmitting end TX when the radiation unit 11 is used to transmit signals; the curve S333 represents the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX. Figure 33It can be seen that the reflection coefficient of the radiating unit 11 when transmitting a signal is approximately -15dB, and the reflection coefficient of the radiating unit 11 when receiving a signal is approximately -14dB. The lowest value of the S12 value between the signal receiving end RX and the signal transmitting end TX of the radiating unit 11 is approximately -38dB. Compared with the S parameter curves of the radiating unit 11 in the aforementioned specific examples, although the radiating unit 11 of this example can reduce the coupling effect between the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332, so that the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 have a certain degree of isolation, the effect is slightly worse than that of the aforementioned examples.

[0185] In summary, the antenna array 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a first radiating module 110 and a feeding module 130. The first radiating module 110 includes a stacked first radiating layer 111 and a first dielectric layer 112, with a plurality of first radiators 1111 disposed on the first radiating layer 111. Thus, the first dielectric layer 112 can concentrate the antenna beam of each first radiator 1111, thereby improving the antenna gain of the antenna array 10. The feeding module 130 includes a feeding layer 133 and a coupling layer 131. The feeding layer 133 is provided with a plurality of first feeding lines 1331 and a plurality of second feeding lines 1332. The first feeding lines 1331 and the second feeding lines 1332 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence to form a plurality of feeding units. Each feeding unit corresponds one-to-one to a first radiator 1111. This allows the first feeding lines 1331 and the second feeding lines 1332 to generate different polarized waves, enabling the first radiator 1111 to simultaneously receive and transmit signals of two different polarization states. This improves the system capacity of the antenna array 10, reduces interference, enhances signal quality, and improves the coverage range of the antenna array 10. The coupling layer 131 is provided with a plurality of first coupling slots 1311 and a plurality of second coupling slots 1312. The first coupling slots 1311 and the second coupling slots 1312 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence to form a plurality of coupling units. The first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 of the coupling unit are spaced apart from each other. Thus, when the coupling layer 131 couples the current signal flowing through the feeding unit to the first radiator 1111, the coupling layer 131 changes the current path and direction of the coupling layer 131 through the first coupling slot 1131 and the second coupling slot 1312, thereby reducing coupling interference between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332, thereby reducing the interference impact of the antenna array 10.

[0186] Furthermore, when the extension line of the first coupling slot 1131 is perpendicular to the extension line of the second coupling slot 1312, the ends of the first coupling slot 1131 and the second coupling slot 1312 form a port shape, and the port shape forms an angle, the port shape forming the angle can change the current path and direction on the coupling layer 131, and the current is concentrated near the port shape, thereby further reducing the coupling interference between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332, effectively improving the isolation between the first feeding line 1331 and the second feeding line 1332, and thereby effectively reducing the interference effect of the antenna array 10.

[0187] Example 2

[0188] Please also refer to Figure 34 and Figure 35 The second embodiment of the present application further provides another structure for a radiating unit 11a. The structure of the radiating unit 11a provided in the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the radiating unit 11 provided in the first embodiment, except that the at least one radiating module in the second embodiment includes two radiating modules. The radiating layer of one radiating module is disposed adjacent to the dielectric layer of the other radiating module. The radiators of the two radiating layers are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence, and the two corresponding radiators receive a feed signal provided by the same feed unit.

[0189] For example, the antenna array 10 further includes a second radiating module 140. The second radiating module 140 includes a second radiating layer 141 and a second dielectric layer 142, which are stacked. The second radiating layer 141 includes a plurality of second radiators 1411. The first radiating layer 111 of the first radiating module 110 is disposed adjacent to the second dielectric layer 142 of the second radiating module 140. Furthermore, the plurality of second radiators 1411 are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first radiators 1111. Thus, the corresponding first radiators 1111 and second radiators 1411 can receive a feed signal coupled to the feed unit corresponding to the first radiator 1111. In other words, after the feed unit corresponding to the first radiator 1111 couples energy to the first radiator 1111, the first radiator 1111 continues to couple energy to the second radiator 1411, thereby enabling signal transmission or reception by the antenna array 10. In this embodiment, the first radiation layer 111 may be a printed circuit board, and the second radiator 1411 may be a substantially circular metal sheet or metal coating formed on the first radiation layer 111 .

[0190] Furthermore, the second dielectric layer 142 is also provided with a plurality of cavities 1421. Each cavity 1421 penetrates the second dielectric layer 142. The diameter of the cavity 1421 may be equal to the diameter of the corresponding protective cavity 121, and the edge of the cavity 1421 is aligned with the edge of the protective cavity 121. Each cavity 1421 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the two radiators on both sides (i.e., the first radiator 1111 and the second radiator 1411). Specifically, the line formed by the centers of the cavity 1421, the first radiator 1111, and the second radiator 1411 is parallel to the Z-axis. Moreover, the projected area of ​​the second radiator 1411 in the Z-axis direction of the antenna array 10 is larger than the projected area of ​​the first radiator 1111 in the Z-axis direction of the antenna array 10. Thus, in this embodiment, the antenna height is further increased by the first dielectric layer 112 and the second dielectric layer 142, thereby increasing the antenna gain; by setting the second radiator 1411 to cover the first radiator 1111, the energy coupled from the first radiator 1111 to the second radiator 1411 is more concentrated, thereby increasing the directivity of the energy beam of the antenna array 10.

[0191] It is understandable that the second dielectric layer 142 may also be made of plastic or ceramic materials.

[0192] It is understood that the present application does not limit the specific shapes of the first radiator 1111 and the second radiator 1411. For example, in other embodiments, the shape of the first radiator 1111 may also be rectangular. In other embodiments, the shapes of the first radiator 1111 and the second radiator 1411 may also be other polygonal or irregular shapes, and the shapes of the first radiator 1111 and the second radiator 1411 may be the same or different. It is sufficient that the projected area of ​​the first radiator 1111 in the Z-axis direction of the antenna array 10 covers the projected areas of the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 in the Z-axis direction of the antenna array 10, and that the projected area of ​​the second radiator 1411 in the Z-axis direction of the antenna array 10 covers the projected area of ​​the first radiator 1111 in the Z-axis direction of the antenna array 10.

[0193] It can be understood that the working principle of the antenna array 10 provided in Example 2 is roughly the same as the principle of the antenna array provided in Example 1. The difference is that after the feeding unit couples energy to the first radiator 1111 through the first coupling slot 1311 and the second coupling slot 1312 of the coupling layer 131, the first radiator 1111 continues to couple energy to the second radiator 1411 to emit left-handed polarized waves or right-handed polarized waves through the second radiator 1411, thereby realizing communication between the antenna array 10 and the low-orbit satellite.

[0194] Please continue reading Figure 36, an embodiment of the present application further provides a radio frequency module 100. The radio frequency module 100 includes a transmitter 150 and a receiver 160. It is understandable that the transmitter 150 and the receiver 160 constitute a signal transceiver and an antenna array 10 (not shown). Figure 36 for example, the antenna array 10 described above) is electrically connected to provide or receive a signal for the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 in the antenna array 10.

[0195] It is understandable that the antenna array 10 connected to the RF module 100 is not limited to the antenna array 10 mentioned in Example 1, and can also be an antenna array 10 composed of the radiation units provided in Example 2. In this way, the RF module 100 provided in this application, by being electrically connected to the antenna array 10, can enable the device equipped with the RF module 100 and the antenna array 10 to communicate with a low-orbit satellite.

[0196] Please continue reading Figure 37 The present application also provides an electronic device 200, including a processor (eg, a CPU) 210, an antenna array 10, and Figure 36 The RF module 100 shown, the processor 210 is used to modulate the communication signal that needs to be radiated outward and send it to the transmitter 150 of the RF module 100. The transmitter 150 receives the modulated communication signal to generate a feed signal, and sends the feed signal to the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 of the antenna array 10. The processor 210 is also used to receive the external signal received by the receiver 160 of the RF module 100 through the first feed line 1331 and the second feed line 1332 of the antenna array 10, and demodulate the external signal. The electronic device 200 can achieve communication with a low-orbit satellite by setting the RF module 100 and the antenna array 10. Among them, the electronic device 200 can be an electronic device such as a ground station, a mobile vehicle, etc. that needs to communicate with a low-orbit satellite.

[0197] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may also make other changes within the spirit of the present invention and apply them to the design of the present invention, as long as they do not deviate from the technical effects of the present invention. These changes made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should all be included in the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna array, characterized in that: include: at least one radiation module, the radiation module comprising a radiation layer and a dielectric layer stacked together, wherein the radiation layer comprises a plurality of radiators, each of the radiators being configured to radiate a signal, and the dielectric layer being made of a non-conductive material; a feeding module, disposed on a side of the radiation module close to the dielectric layer, the feeding module comprising a stacked feeding layer and a coupling layer, the feeding layer being provided with a plurality of first feeding lines and a plurality of second feeding lines, the first feeding lines being arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the second feeding lines to form a plurality of feeding units, the feeding units being in a one-to-one correspondence with the radiators of the radiation layer and being used to feed power to the corresponding radiators; The coupling layer is arranged on a side of the feeding layer close to the radiation module, and the coupling layer is used to couple the current signal flowing through the feeding unit to the radiation module; The coupling layer is provided with a plurality of first coupling slots and a plurality of second coupling slots, and the first coupling slots and the second coupling slots are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence to form a plurality of coupling units; the first coupling slots and the second coupling slots of the coupling units are arranged at intervals.

2. The antenna array according to claim 1, wherein The plurality of first coupling slots and the plurality of second coupling slots have different directions.

3. The antenna array according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of first coupling slots and the plurality of second coupling slots have different shapes.

4. The antenna array according to claim 2, wherein: At least one end of the first coupling slot and the second coupling slot of the coupling unit is formed in a port shape.

5. The antenna array according to claim 1, wherein: The coupling units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the feeding units of the feeding layer; the first coupling slots are arranged in a corresponding correspondence with the corresponding first feeding lines, and the second coupling slots are arranged in a corresponding correspondence with the corresponding second feeding lines.

6. The antenna array according to claim 1, wherein: The length of the first feeding line is the same as the length of the second feeding line.

7. The antenna array according to claim 1, wherein: The at least one radiation module includes two radiation modules, and the radiation layer of one radiation module is arranged close to the dielectric layer of the other radiation module, the radiators of the two radiation layers are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the two correspondingly arranged radiators receive the feeding signal provided by the same feeding unit.

8. The antenna array according to claim 1, wherein: The feeding module further includes a first cavity layer, a second cavity layer and a ground layer, wherein the first cavity layer is arranged between the feeding layer and the coupling layer, and the second cavity layer is arranged between the feeding layer and the ground layer. The first cavity layer and the second cavity layer are correspondingly provided with a plurality of through cavities, and the through cavities are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the radiators.

9. The antenna array according to claim 1, wherein: The feeding module further includes a plurality of phase couplers, which are arranged in the feeding layer. Each phase coupler is connected to the corresponding first feeding line and the second feeding line. The phase coupler is used to output a first feeding signal to the first feeding line, and the phase coupler is also used to output a second feeding signal to the second feeding line.

10. The antenna array according to claim 9, wherein: The phase coupler is also used to connect the transmitter and the receiver.

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