MIMO system, data transmission method, device, medium and product

Abstract

The invention provides an MIMO system, a data transmission method, equipment, a medium and a product, and relates to the technical field of communication, the MIMO system comprises a coding module, a signal processing module, a sending module and a receiving module, the signal processing module is respectively connected with the coding module and the sending module, the sending module is connected with the receiving module, the sending module and the receiving module both comprise a plurality of antennas, and the antennas are respectively connected with the coding module and the sending module. Wherein the coding module is used for respectively carrying out time domain coding and space domain coding on a bit stream information matrix based on a polarization code to obtain a first product code; the signal processing module is used for performing signal processing on the first product code to obtain a second product code; the sending module is used for performing transmission processing based on the second product code, determining target data and transmitting the target data to the receiving module; the receiving module is used for receiving target data and analyzing the target data to obtain a bit stream information matrix. According to the invention, the error correction performance and the data transmission performance of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a MIMO system, a data transmission method, a device, a medium and a product. Background Art

[0002] Physical layer design for ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) requires both extremely high communication reliability and end-to-end transmission latency of less than 0.1 milliseconds. While the short code transmission strategy employed by fifth-generation mobile communication networks (5G) effectively reduces transmission latency, this approach significantly reduces coding gain, thus impacting system performance. Achieving microsecond-level latency in URLLC has become a key research area for future sixth-generation mobile communication systems, placing even higher reliability requirements on short-code, long-channel coding technologies. Existing research has demonstrated that similar rate-delay-reliability trade-offs, defined as "capacity collapse," occur in finite-block-length coded multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) systems.

[0003] Although the traditional MIMO system has obvious advantages in achieving low latency, it has the problem of low error correction performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a MIMO system, data transmission method, device, medium, and product to address the low error correction performance of traditional MIMO systems in the prior art. In this system, extremely short polar codes are used to encode the bit stream information matrix. Under the same code length and code rate, the polar codes exhibit better performance under the same number of iterations, significantly improving the error correction performance of the system.

[0005] The present invention provides a MIMO system, comprising: an encoding module, a signal processing module, a transmitting module, and a receiving module, wherein the signal processing module is connected to the encoding module and the transmitting module respectively, the transmitting module is connected to the receiving module, the transmitting module includes multiple output antennas, and the receiving module includes multiple input antennas, wherein: The encoding module is configured to perform time domain encoding and space domain encoding on the bit stream information matrix based on the polar code to obtain a first product code; The signal processing module is configured to perform signal processing on the first product code to obtain a second product code; The sending module is configured to determine target data based on the second product code and transmit the target data to the receiving module; The receiving module is used to receive the target data and perform parsing processing to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0006] According to a MIMO system provided by the present invention, the polar code includes a first polaron code and a second polaron code, and the encoding module is further configured to perform time-domain encoding on a first dimension in the bit stream information matrix based on the first polaron code to obtain a first codeword matrix; perform spatial-domain encoding on a second dimension in the bit stream information matrix based on the second polaron code to obtain a second codeword matrix; and determine the first product code based on the first codeword matrix and the second codeword matrix.

[0007] According to a MIMO system provided by the present invention, the signal processing module includes at least one interleaving unit and at least one modulation unit, the signal processing includes interleaving processing and modulation processing, each interleaving unit is respectively connected to the encoding module and the corresponding modulation unit, and each modulation unit is respectively connected to the sending module, wherein: the interleaving unit is used to interleave all bits in each codeword in the time domain or space domain in the first product code to obtain an interleaved product code; the modulation unit is used to modulate each codeword in the interleaved product code to obtain the second product code.

[0008] According to a MIMO system provided by the present invention, the sending module includes a layer mapping unit and a transmission unit, the layer mapping unit is respectively connected to the signal processing module and the transmission unit, and the transmission unit is connected to the receiving module, wherein: the layer mapping unit is used to determine the target data based on the fading channel matrix and the noise signal; the transmission unit is used to send the target data to the receiving module.

[0009] According to a MIMO system provided by the present invention, the receiving module includes: a parsing unit and a decoding unit, the parsing unit being connected to the sending module and the decoding unit respectively, wherein: the parsing unit is used to parse the target data to obtain a bit log-likelihood ratio matrix corresponding to the target data; the decoding unit is used to decode the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0010] The present invention also provides a data transmission method, comprising: The present invention also provides a data transmission method, comprising: Performing time domain coding and space domain coding on the bit stream information matrix based on the polar code to obtain a first product code; performing signal processing on the first product code to obtain a second product code; determining target data based on the second product code; The target data is parsed to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0011] According to a data transmission method provided by the present invention, the polar code includes a first polaron code and a second polaron code, and the method of performing time-domain encoding and spatial-domain encoding on a bit stream information matrix based on the polaron code to obtain a first product code includes: performing time-domain encoding on a first dimension in the bit stream information matrix based on the first polaron code to obtain a first codeword matrix; performing spatial-domain encoding on a second dimension in the bit stream information matrix based on the second polaron code to obtain a second codeword matrix; and determining the first product code based on the first codeword matrix and the second codeword matrix.

[0012] According to a data transmission method provided by the present invention, the signal processing includes interleaving processing and modulation processing, and the signal processing of the first product code to obtain the second product code includes: interleaving all bits in each codeword in the time domain or space domain in the first product code to obtain an interleaved product code; and modulating the interleaved product code to obtain the second product code.

[0013] According to a data transmission method provided by the present invention, the target data is parsed and processed to obtain the bit stream information matrix, including: parsing and processing the target data to obtain a bit log-likelihood ratio matrix corresponding to the target data; and decoding the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0014] According to a data transmission method provided by the present invention, the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix are decoded to obtain the bit stream information matrix, including: performing time domain decoding and spatial domain decoding on the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix based on a sequence repetition node list decoding algorithm to obtain candidate codewords; determining a first external message required for decoding based on weights corresponding to the candidate codewords; and performing time domain decoding and spatial domain decoding on the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix based on the first external message and a scaling factor to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0015] According to a data transmission method provided by the present invention, determining the first external message required for decoding based on the weights corresponding to the candidate codewords includes: determining the best candidate codeword and the worst candidate codeword based on the weights corresponding to the candidate codewords; and determining the first external message required for decoding based on an external message rule, the best candidate codeword, and the worst candidate codeword.

[0016] According to a data transmission method provided by the present invention, based on the first external message and the scaling factor, the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix are respectively subjected to time-domain decoding and spatial-domain decoding to obtain the bit stream information matrix, including: based on the first external message and the scaling factor, the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix are respectively subjected to time-domain decoding and spatial-domain decoding to obtain an initial soft message; based on the weight corresponding to the candidate codeword after each update, determining the second external message after each update; based on the second external message, continuously updating the initial soft message until a stop-update condition is met, thereby obtaining target soft information; and determining the bit stream information matrix based on the target soft information.

[0017] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements any of the above-described data transmission methods when executing the computer program.

[0018] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements any of the above-mentioned data transmission methods when executed by a processor.

[0019] The present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements any of the above-mentioned data transmission methods.

[0020] The MIMO system, data transmission method, device, medium, and product provided by the present invention comprise a coding module, a signal processing module, a transmitting module with multiple antennas, and a receiving module with multiple antennas. The coding module performs time-domain coding and spatial-domain coding on a bit stream information matrix based on polarization codes to obtain a first product code. The signal processing module performs signal processing on the first product code to obtain a second product code. The transmitting module performs transmission processing on the second product code to obtain target data and transmits it to a receiving module. The receiving module parses and processes the target data to obtain a bit stream information matrix. In this manner, in the MIMO system, extremely short polarization codes are used to encode the bit stream information matrix. Compared to the linear block error correction code (Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem, BCH) commonly used in traditional turbo product codes (TPCs), polarization codes exhibit superior performance with the same number of iterations under the same code length and code rate, significantly improving the system's error correction performance. Furthermore, the first product code is signal-processed and transmitted to the receiving module after transmission, improving the system's data transmission performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 This is one of the structural diagrams of the MIMO system provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the TPC composition provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of interleaving the first product code by the interleaving unit provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is the second structural diagram of the MIMO system provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the data transmission method provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals: 100: MIMO system; 110: encoding module; 120: signal processing module; 130: transmitting module; 140: receiving module; 121: interleaving unit; 122: modulation unit; 131: layer mapping unit; 132: transmission unit; 141: parsing unit; 142: decoding unit; 1411: detection subunit; 1412: demodulation subunit; 1413: deinterleaving subunit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The MIMO system provided by the present invention is described below with reference to FIG1 .

[0031] Figure 1 This is one of the structural diagrams of the MIMO system provided by the present invention, such as Figure 1As shown, the MIMO system 100 includes a coding module 110, a signal processing module 120, a transmitting module 130, and a receiving module 140. The signal processing module is connected to the coding module and the transmitting module, respectively. The transmitting module is connected to the receiving module. The transmitting module includes multiple output antennas, and the receiving module includes multiple input antennas. The encoding module is configured to perform time domain encoding and space domain encoding on the bit stream information matrix based on the polar code to obtain a first product code; The signal processing module is configured to perform signal processing on the first product code to obtain a second product code; The sending module is configured to determine target data based on the second product code and transmit the target data to the receiving module; The receiving module is used to receive the target data and perform parsing processing to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0032] It should be noted that TPCs are renowned for their excellent decoding performance, approaching the channel capacity, and have been widely adopted in various communication standards, such as IEEE 802.16. In recent years, polar code-based TPCs (Polar-TPCs) have attracted widespread attention in the 400G-ZR specification for optical communication systems due to their significantly superior performance compared to traditional BCH code-based TPCs. Although a certain performance loss may occur when the code length of each polar code in Polar-TPCs is relatively short, this loss can be effectively compensated through the Turbo iterative decoding mechanism, bringing the overall performance close to the near-optimal level achieved by uncoupled long polar codes.

[0033] It should be noted that polar codes are used to form TPC, and then TPC is used to encode the bit stream information matrix.

[0034] It should be noted that the bit stream information matrix is ​​also called information bits, the first dimension represents rows, the second dimension is columns, or the first dimension represents columns, and the second dimension is rows. Time domain coding can be time domain coding of row data in the bit stream information matrix, and spatial domain coding can be spatial domain coding of column data in the bit stream information matrix, or time domain coding can be time domain coding of column data in the bit stream information matrix, and spatial domain coding can be spatial domain coding of row data in the bit stream information matrix. Here, time domain coding can be performed first and then spatial domain coding, or spatial domain coding can be performed first and then time domain coding. The present invention does not limit the order of time and space coding.

[0035] Here, the signal processing may be an interleaving process and / or a modulation process.

[0036] It should be noted that the encoding module and the signal processing module belong to baseband MIMO. Here, transmission processing is required to convert the second product into target data suitable for transmission over a radio frequency link.

[0037] It should be noted that after receiving the target data, the receiving module needs to parse the target data to obtain a bit stream information matrix. Here, the parsing process may include inverse processes such as demodulation, deinterleaving, and decoding.

[0038] In an embodiment of the present invention, a MIMO system is formed by a coding module, a signal processing module, a transmitting module with multiple antennas, and a receiving module with multiple antennas. The coding module performs time-domain coding and spatial-domain coding on a bit stream information matrix based on polar codes to obtain a first product code. The signal processing module performs signal processing on the first product code to obtain a second product code. The transmitting module performs transmission processing on the second product code to obtain target data and transmits it to a receiving module. The receiving module parses and processes the target data to obtain a bit stream information matrix. In this manner, in the MIMO system, extremely short polar codes are used to encode the bit stream information matrix. Compared to the linear block error correction code (Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem, BCH) commonly used in traditional turbo product codes (TPCs), polar codes exhibit superior performance with the same number of iterations under the same code length and code rate, significantly improving the error correction performance of the system. Furthermore, after signal processing and transmission processing, the first product code is sent to the receiving module, thereby improving the data transmission performance of the system.

[0039] Furthermore, the polar code includes a first polaron code and a second polaron code, and the encoding module is further configured to perform time-domain encoding on a first dimension in the bit stream information matrix based on the first polaron code to obtain a first codeword matrix; perform spatial-domain encoding on a second dimension in the bit stream information matrix based on the second polaron code to obtain a second codeword matrix; and determine the first product code based on the first codeword matrix and the second codeword matrix.

[0040] It should be noted that the first polariton code may be a row polariton code, and the second polariton code may be a column polariton code; the first polariton code may be a column polariton code, and the second polariton code may be a column-row polariton code.

[0041] For example, the row polarization code is , whose parameters are , the polariton code is , whose parameters are ,in, and Respectively represent the corresponding code length, that is, the length of the encoded bit sequence, and Respectively represent the corresponding number of information bits, which determines the amount of information transmitted. and They represent the generator matrices and realize the channel coding process.

[0042] Here, coding is divided into two modes: Time-Space (TS) mode and Space-Time (ST) mode. In TS mode, each bit stream in the time domain First, it is encoded into a code length of , bit rate Codeword .Then, Mapped to layer, where is the time domain length of the space-time two-dimensional codeword. Similarly, each codeword Encoding in the spatial domain. For each codeword , whose length and code rate are and ,In contrast, the ST mode performs spatial domain coding first and then temporal ,domain coding.

[0043] It should be noted that bits are modulated into one symbol, so the code length Need is An integer multiple of , but the actual encoded code length Not necessarily an integer multiple (e.g. =64, =6), so rate matching is required to modulate the code length to the corresponding integer multiple. The specific operation is to fill in zeros (for example, to 66), truncation, repetition, etc.

[0044] In a TPCAS-MIMO system, each codeword in the same domain has the same code type, rate, and length. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the TPC composition provided by the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, including row polar codes He Liezi polar code , whose parameters are and The information bit represents the bit stream information matrix. The row parity bits are obtained by encoding and calculating the information bits in the row direction. The column parity bits are obtained by encoding and calculating the information bits in the column direction. The parity bit check is obtained by using the specific mathematical relationship between the parity bits and the information bits. The space-time two-dimensional coding allows the construction of a length of and dimensions are TPC code . Encoding from containing information bits matrix Start. In TS mode, each codeword Initially coded independently, the resulting matrix Use code Encode. In the result Codeword matrix In the middle, the line is the code The code word is The encoding process can be expressed as formula (1): (1) in and The codes are and It is worth noting that when interpreting space-time two-dimensional channel coding as TPCs, reversing the coding order does not change the generated codeword matrix. Therefore, in the coding process of TPC-A S-MIMO, TS and ST modes are interchangeable.

[0045] Specifically, the first product code may include information bits, row check bits, and column check bits.

[0046] In this embodiment of the present invention, the decoding module performs time-domain encoding on the first dimension of the bit stream information matrix and spatial-domain encoding on the second dimension based on the first and second polar codes, respectively. A long code is constructed by cascading multiple short polar codes in rows and columns, improving error correction capabilities. Even if some subcodes fail, the product code can still recover data using the redundant information of other subcodes. This makes it particularly suitable for environments with high bit error rates.

[0047] Furthermore, the signal processing module includes at least one interleaving unit and at least one modulation unit, and the signal processing includes interleaving processing and modulation processing. Each interleaving unit is respectively connected to the encoding module and the corresponding modulation unit, and each modulation unit is respectively connected to the sending module, wherein: the interleaving unit is used to interleave all bits in each codeword in the time domain or spatial domain in the first product code to obtain the interleaved product code; the modulation unit is used to modulate each codeword in the interleaved product code to obtain the second product code.

[0048] It should be noted that the interleaving unit can be an interleaver, which is used to disrupt the order of the original bits in each codeword. If a burst error occurs during transmission, resulting in three consecutive bit errors, the errors will be dispersed to different positions after deinterleaving, which is convenient for error correction code processing.

[0049] Here, the interleaving process may be performed only on the bit information in the time domain, or may be performed only on the bit information in the spatial domain.

[0050] For example, Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the interleaving unit provided by the present invention interleaving the first product code, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, each column is the interleaved bits.

[0051] Here, modulation processing refers to loading the bit stream in the interleaved product code onto the carrier signal, wherein the modulation processing methods include but are not limited to high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK), phase shift keying (PSK), etc.

[0052] Specifically, after the encoding module outputs the first product code, the interleaving unit disrupts the order of the bit information in the time domain or space domain in the first product code to obtain an interleaved product code, and loads the bit stream in the interleaved product code onto a carrier signal through modulation processing for easy transmission.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, by performing one-dimensional interleaving processing in the time domain or the spatial domain, the problem of burst noise occurring in the time and space domains and the high delay problem introduced by the traditional interleaver in the high-order modulation MIMO system are solved, and the delay is reduced to realize URLLC while maintaining the system performance.

[0054] Furthermore, the sending module includes a layer mapping unit and a transmission unit, the layer mapping unit is respectively connected to the signal processing module and the transmission unit, and the transmission unit is connected to the receiving module, wherein: the layer mapping unit is used to determine the target data based on the fading channel matrix and the noise signal; the transmission unit is used to send the target data to the receiving module.

[0055] Here, the fading channel matrix includes but is not limited to a flat Rayleigh fading channel matrix, a Rician fading channel matrix, a spatially correlated channel matrix, etc. The noise signal may be additive white Gaussian noise, colored Gaussian noise, non-white Gaussian noise, etc.

[0056] It should be noted that the MIMO system includes multiple transmit antennas and multiple receive antenna ports, wherein the modulated symbols are transmitted through a massive MIMO channel, and the second product code is converted into target data for transmission using a transmission model. The transmission model is as follows: (2) in, Represents the received signal vector, i.e., the target data. represents the transmitted signal vector, is the massive MIMO flat Rayleigh fading channel matrix, is additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), and the variance of each element is .

[0057] Furthermore, the transmitted signal vector It is essentially a mapping of the encoded bitstream information matrix, as shown in formula (3): (3) in, Represents the encoded bit stream information matrix, that is, the codeword matrix mentioned above, Represents a mapping function.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, the transmission data is processed in the MIMO system through the fading channel matrix and the noise signal to obtain the target data. In this way, through spatial multiplexing and diversity gain, the combination of high capacity and high reliability is achieved, and the communication performance of the MIMO system is improved.

[0059] Furthermore, the receiving module includes: a parsing unit and a decoding unit, the parsing unit is connected to the sending module and the decoding unit respectively, wherein: the parsing unit is used to parse the target data to obtain a bit log-likelihood ratio matrix corresponding to the target data; the decoding unit is used to decode the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0060] Here, the parsing process may include a detection unit, a demodulation unit and a deinterleaving unit. The detection unit is used to convert the data on the radio frequency link into data suitable for baseband transmission, that is, Recover the transmitted signal vector Here, the detection unit includes but is not limited to three detection configurations: Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE), belief-selective propagation (BsP) and expectation propagation (EP).

[0061] It should be noted that demodulation is the inverse operation of modulation, and deinterleaving is the inverse operation of interleaving. Therefore, the demodulation and deinterleaving methods here should correspond to the above-mentioned modulation method and interleaving method.

[0062] Specifically, when analyzing target data (such as ) After detection processing, demodulation processing and deinterleaving processing, a bit log-likelihood ratio matrix corresponding to the target data is obtained. Here, the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix can be a form of soft information.

[0063] It should be noted that the size of the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix is ​​the same as the size of the encoded bit stream information matrix, such as .

[0064] It should be noted that the decoding method may be any appropriate method, such as hard decision decoding, soft decision decoding, etc., wherein soft decision decoding includes an iterative decoding algorithm (Pyndiah) and a sequence repetition list (SR-List).

[0065] In an embodiment of the present invention, the target data is parsed by a parsing unit to obtain soft information, namely a bit log-likelihood ratio matrix. Then, the soft information is decoded by a decoding unit to obtain a bit stream information matrix. In this way, more channel information is retained through the soft information, which can significantly improve the error correction capability of the decoding compared to hard decisions. In addition, the soft information can be iteratively transmitted to gradually optimize the reliability estimation of the bit position, ultimately achieving a low bit error rate.

[0066] Furthermore, the decoding unit is also used to perform time domain decoding and spatial domain decoding on the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix based on a sequence repetition node list decoding algorithm to obtain candidate codewords; determine the first external message required for decoding based on the weights corresponding to the candidate codewords; and perform time domain decoding and spatial domain decoding on the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix based on the first external message and a scaling factor to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0067] It should be noted that the above is to perform time domain coding and space domain coding on the bit stream information matrix respectively. Here, it is necessary to perform time domain decoding and space domain decoding on the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix respectively.

[0068] It should be noted that in order to reduce the impact of burst noise, it is necessary to first decode the dimension in which the interleaver performs interleaving, namely the time domain or the spatial domain. That is to say, if the interleaver performs interleaving in the time domain, the time domain should be decoded first; if the interleaver performs interleaving in the spatial domain, the spatial domain should be decoded first.

[0069] Here, after performing SR-List decoding, the candidate codeword list can be obtained .

[0070] Here, the method for determining the first external message may be any appropriate method, for example, calculating the first external message through a calculation formula, or directly outputting the first external message according to a neural network model.

[0071] For example, the weight corresponding to the candidate codeword is calculated as follows: (4) in, Indicates the The weight of the candidate codewords, Greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to L, L is greater than 1, Indicates the sign bit, represents soft information, Indicates the candidate code words, and || represents the absolute value symbol.

[0072] It should be noted that the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix is ​​soft information. Here, the method for determining the soft information may be any appropriate method, for example, directly obtaining the soft information by substituting the first external message and the scaling factor into a calculation formula, or for example, continuously updating the external message based on the first external message and obtaining the soft information using the updated external message.

[0073] For example, the soft information is calculated as follows: (5) in, represents soft information, for spatial domain decoding, or For time domain decoding, represents the scaling factor, Indicates external messages. Represents the initial soft information, i.e., the codeword in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present invention, a sequence repetition node list decoding algorithm (SR-Lis) is used to determine candidate codewords, a first external message is determined based on the weights of the candidate codewords, and the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix are decoded in the time domain and in the spatial domain based on the first external message and the scaling factor to obtain a bit stream information matrix. In this way, by introducing a repetition node and list mechanism, the decoding accuracy and error correction capability are improved, the system adapts to changes in channel conditions, reduces decoding complexity, and supports high bit rates and high throughput.

[0075] Furthermore, the decoding unit is further configured to determine the best candidate codeword and the worst candidate codeword based on the weights corresponding to the candidate codewords; and determine the first external message required for decoding based on an external message rule, the best candidate codeword and the worst candidate codeword.

[0076] It should be noted that the weight corresponding to the candidate codeword is the Euclidean distance between the candidate codeword and the log-likelihood ratio, where the candidate codeword corresponding to the minimum weight is the best candidate codeword. Here, there is only one best candidate codeword, and the candidate codeword corresponding to the maximum weight is the worst candidate codeword. When there are two or more maximum weights, there can be multiple worst candidate codewords.

[0077] Here, the method for determining the first external message can be any appropriate method, for example, substituting the weight corresponding to the best candidate codeword and the weight corresponding to the worst candidate into the external message rule to calculate the first information, or for example, inputting the weights corresponding to the best candidate codeword and the worst candidate codeword and the external message rule into the neural network model to output the first external message.

[0078] Exemplarily, the calculation of the first external message is as follows: (6) in, Indicates the The external message corresponding to the iteration, the first external message is the external message corresponding to the 1st iteration, The best candidate codeword bit by bit, Represents In the The competing codewords with different bits and minimum weight, in the spatial domain, is greater than 1 and less than , in the time domain, is greater than 1 and less than The number of represents the best candidate codeword, Represents the competing codeword The corresponding weight, represents the best candidate codeword The corresponding weight, Represents the worst candidate codeword The corresponding weight, Indicates the The soft message corresponding to the iteration.

[0079] For example, an 8 4 product code, taking the half iteration in the time domain as an example, = 4, list size L=4, after decoding, four candidate codewords are obtained: [1 1 1 0], [0 0 0 0], [1 0 1 0], [0 1 0 1], and the weights corresponding to each candidate codeword are 0, 2, 4, and 6 respectively. Among them, the best candidate codeword is [1 1 1 0] corresponding to the weight of 0. For the first bit 0 of the best codeword [1 1 1 0], if there are candidate codewords with the first bit being 0 in the list, [0 0 0 0] and [1 0 1 0], the one with the smaller weight is the competing codeword , substitute into formula (6) to obtain the external message; if there is no candidate codeword whose first bit is 0, then there is no competing codeword, and the candidate codeword [0 1 01] corresponding to the maximum weight (i.e. 6) is directly taken as the worst candidate code, and the weight corresponding to the worst candidate codeword is substituted into formula (6) to obtain the external message.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present invention, the external message rule is used to determine the first external message based on the weights of the best candidate codeword and the worst candidate codeword, thereby improving the accuracy of the first external message and further improving the accuracy of decoding.

[0081] Furthermore, the decoding unit is further configured to perform time-domain decoding and spatial-domain decoding on the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix based on the first external message and the scaling factor to obtain an initial soft message; determine a second external message after each update based on the weight corresponding to the candidate codeword after each update; continuously update the initial soft message based on the second external message until a stop-update condition is met, thereby obtaining target soft information; and determine the bit stream information matrix based on the target soft information.

[0082] Here, soft information generally refers to the continuous values ​​(usually real numbers) of the received signal samples, which reflect the degree to which the signal is affected by noise and interference during transmission. The soft information can be expressed in the form of log-likelihood ratio.

[0083] It should be noted that the weights of the candidate codewords can be updated based on the soft information of the previous iteration, and the worst candidate codeword and the best candidate codeword can be re-determined. Then, the external message corresponding to the current iteration is determined based on the new worst candidate codeword and the best candidate codeword, and the soft information of the current iteration is determined based on the external message of the current iteration and the scaling factor. In this way, the above operations are repeated until the iterative process reaches the maximum number of iterations or the soft information converges, and the target soft information is obtained. Finally, a hard decision is made on the target soft information to obtain the decoded data, that is, the bit stream information matrix.

[0084] It should be noted that each calculation of the external message requires 2 time steps, so the decoding delay The calculation is as follows formula (7): (7) in, Indicates the SR-List spatial decoding time step, Indicates the time step of SR-List time domain decoding, Indicates the maximum number of iterations.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present invention, the SR-List algorithm is combined with the iterative decoding algorithm to further optimize the decoding performance of the space-time two-dimensional coding MIMO system, and the performance is close to the theoretical capacity upper limit of space-time two-dimensional coding.

[0086] Figure 4 This is the second structural diagram of the MIMO system provided by the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the MIMO system 100 includes: a coding module 110, a signal processing module 120, a sending module 130 and a receiving module 140, wherein the signal processing module 120 includes at least one interleaving unit 121 and at least one modulation unit 122, the interleaving unit 121 interleaves the bits of each codeword in the time domain or spatial domain of the first product code, and the modulation unit 122 modulates each codeword in the interleaved product code, the sending module 130 includes a layer mapping unit 131 and a transmission unit 132, and the receiving module 140 includes a parsing unit 141 and a decoding unit 142, and the parsing unit 141 includes a detection subunit 1411, at least one demodulation subunit 1412 and at least one deinterleaving subunit 1413.

[0087] Furthermore, the process of MIMO system data transmission is as follows: the bit stream information matrix The input coding module 110 performs time domain coding and spatial domain coding to obtain a codeword matrix First Product Code , the codeword matrix Input the interleaving unit 121 and the modulation unit 122 in sequence to obtain the matrix Right now The second product code, the matrix The input layer mapping unit 131 obtains the target data , the target data is input into the transmission unit 132, and the target data is transmitted to the receiving module 140 through multiple radio frequency links and multiple antenna ports. The target data is sequentially input into the detection subunit 1411, the demodulation subunit 1412 and the deinterleaving subunit 1413 through multiple receiving antennas and radio frequency links for detection, demodulation and deinterleaving, and the bit log likelihood ratio matrix R is obtained. The bit log-likelihood ratio matrix R is input to the decoding unit 142, and the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix R is decoded in the time domain and space domain using the SR-List and Pyndiah approximation algorithms to obtain the decoded data .

[0088] The MIMO system provided by the present invention has the following advantages: (1) TPCs are used in a space-time two-dimensional MIMO system, and an extremely short polar code is adopted as a subcode of the TPCs. Compared with the BCH code commonly used in traditional TPCs, the polar code shows better performance under the same code length and code rate and the same number of iterations, which significantly improves the error correction performance of the system; (2) The time domain interleaving strategy in the space-time decoding mode solves the high delay problem introduced by the traditional interleaver, and achieves a 98.7% delay reduction while maintaining the system performance; (3) By introducing the polar code sequence repetition list decoding algorithm (SR-List) combined with the Pyndiah approximation algorithm, the decoding performance of the MIMO system is further optimized, so that it can achieve a frame error rate of 10 (-5) Compared to traditional 2D MIMO systems, this system achieves a 5.5 dB signal-to-noise ratio gain, only 2.5 dB below the theoretical capacity limit, demonstrating performance close to the theoretical limit. Compared to currently state-of-the-art MIMO systems, the TPC-assisted space-time 2D coded MIMO system implemented in this technical solution significantly improves system performance through multi-level design optimization. This not only meets the stringent requirements for low latency and high reliability in URLLC scenarios, but also achieves performance close to the theoretical capacity limit of space-time 2D coding.

[0089] The present invention also provides a data transmission method. Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the data transmission method provided by the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the following steps are included: S501: Perform time-domain coding and space-domain coding on a bit stream information matrix based on a polar code to obtain a first product code.

[0090] S502: Perform signal processing on the first product code to obtain a second product code.

[0091] S503: Determine target data based on the second product code and transmit the target data to a receiving module.

[0092] S504: Receive the target data and perform parsing processing to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0093] In an embodiment of the present invention, a coding module performs time-domain coding and spatial-domain coding on a bit stream information matrix based on polar codes to obtain a first product code. A signal processing module performs signal processing on the first product code to obtain a second product code. A transmitting module performs transmission processing on the second product code to obtain target data and transmits it to a receiving module. The receiving module parses and processes the target data to obtain a bit stream information matrix. In this manner, in a MIMO system, extremely short polar codes are used to encode the bit stream information matrix. Compared to the linear block error correction code (Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem, BCH) commonly used in traditional turbo product codes (TPCs), polar codes exhibit superior performance with the same number of iterations under the same code length and code rate, significantly improving the system's error correction performance. Furthermore, after signal processing and transmission processing, the first product code is sent to the receiving module, improving the system's data transmission performance.

[0094] In another embodiment, the polar code includes a first polaron code and a second polaron code, and the performing time-domain encoding and spatial-domain encoding on a bit stream information matrix based on the polar codes to obtain a first product code includes: performing time-domain encoding on a first dimension in the bit stream information matrix based on the first polaron code to obtain a first codeword matrix; performing spatial-domain encoding on a second dimension in the bit stream information matrix based on the second polaron code to obtain a second codeword matrix; and determining the first product code based on the first codeword matrix and the second codeword matrix.

[0095] In another embodiment, the signal processing includes interleaving and modulation, and the signal processing of the first product code to obtain the second product code includes: interleaving all bits in each codeword in the time domain or space domain in the first product code to obtain an interleaved product code; and modulating the interleaved product code to obtain the second product code.

[0096] In another embodiment, the parsing and processing the target data to obtain the bit stream information matrix includes: parsing and processing the target data to obtain a bit log-likelihood ratio matrix corresponding to the target data; decoding the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0097] In another embodiment, decoding the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix to obtain the bit stream information matrix includes: performing time domain decoding and spatial domain decoding on the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix based on a sequence repetition node list decoding algorithm to obtain candidate codewords; determining a first external message required for decoding based on weights corresponding to the candidate codewords; and performing time domain decoding and spatial domain decoding on the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix based on the first external message and a scaling factor to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0098] In another embodiment, determining the first external message required for decoding based on the weights corresponding to the candidate codewords includes: determining the best candidate codeword and the worst candidate codeword based on the weights corresponding to the candidate codewords; and determining the first external message required for decoding based on an external message rule, the best candidate codeword, and the worst candidate codeword.

[0099] In another embodiment, the step of performing time domain decoding and spatial domain decoding on the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix based on the first external message and the scaling factor to obtain the bit stream information matrix includes: performing time domain decoding and spatial domain decoding on the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix based on the first external message and the scaling factor to obtain an initial soft message; determining a second external message after each update based on a weight corresponding to the candidate codeword after each update; continuously updating the initial soft message based on the second external message until a stop-update condition is met to obtain target soft information; and determining the bit stream information matrix based on the target soft information.

[0100] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention, such as Figure 6As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 610, a communications interface 620, a memory 630, and a communications bus 640, wherein the processor 610, the communications interface 620, and the memory 630 communicate with each other via the communications bus 640. The processor 610 may call logic instructions in the memory 630 to execute a data transmission method, which is applied to a MIMO system. The method includes: performing time-domain coding and spatial-domain coding on a bit stream information matrix based on a polar code by an encoding module in the MIMO system to obtain a first product code; performing signal processing on the first product code by a signal processing module in the MIMO system to obtain a second product code; determining target data based on the second product code by a transmitting module in the MIMO system and transmitting the data to a receiving module; and receiving the target data by a receiving module in the MIMO system and performing parsing processing to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0101] Furthermore, the logic instructions in the aforementioned memory 630 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0102] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, which can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the data transmission methods provided by the above methods, which are applied to a MIMO system. The method includes: using the encoding module in the MIMO system to perform time domain encoding and spatial domain encoding on the bit stream information matrix based on the polarization code to obtain a first product code; using the signal processing module in the MIMO system to perform signal processing on the first product code to obtain a second product code; using the sending module in the MIMO system to determine the target data based on the second product code and transmit it to the receiving module; using the receiving module in the MIMO system to receive the target data and perform analysis processing to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0103] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to execute the data transmission method provided by the above-mentioned methods, and is applied to a MIMO system. The method includes: performing time domain encoding and spatial domain encoding on the bit stream information matrix based on the polarization code by the encoding module in the MIMO system to obtain a first product code; performing signal processing on the first product code by the signal processing module in the MIMO system to obtain a second product code; determining the target data based on the second product code by the sending module in the MIMO system and transmitting it to the receiving module; receiving the target data by the receiving module in the MIMO system and performing analysis processing to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

[0104] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one location or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of the present embodiment. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0105] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented using software plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, or of course, hardware. Based on this understanding, the essence of the above technical solution, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and includes a number of instructions for causing a computer device (such as a personal computer, server, or network device) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or certain portions of the embodiments.

[0106] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, characterized in that: The system comprises an encoding module, a signal processing module, a sending module and a receiving module, wherein the signal processing module is connected to the encoding module and the sending module respectively, the sending module is connected to the receiving module, the sending module includes a multi-output antenna, and the receiving module includes a multi-input antenna, wherein: The encoding module is configured to perform time domain encoding and space domain encoding on the bit stream information matrix based on the polar code to obtain a first product code; The signal processing module is configured to perform signal processing on the first product code to obtain a second product code; The sending module is configured to determine target data based on the second product code and transmit the target data to the receiving module; The receiving module is used to receive the target data and perform parsing processing to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

2. The MIMO system according to claim 1, wherein: The polar code includes a first polaron code and a second polaron code. The encoding module is further configured to perform time-domain encoding on a first dimension in the bit stream information matrix based on the first polaron code to obtain a first codeword matrix; perform spatial-domain encoding on a second dimension in the bit stream information matrix based on the second polaron code to obtain a second codeword matrix; and determine the first product code based on the first codeword matrix and the second codeword matrix.

3. The MIMO system according to claim 1, wherein: The signal processing module includes at least one interleaving unit and at least one modulation unit. The signal processing includes interleaving processing and modulation processing. Each interleaving unit is respectively connected to the encoding module and the corresponding modulation unit, and each modulation unit is respectively connected to the sending module, wherein: The interleaving unit is configured to perform interleaving processing on all bits in each codeword in the time domain or the spatial domain, or all bits in each codeword in the spatial domain, in the first product code to obtain an interleaved product code; The modulation unit is configured to perform modulation processing on each codeword in the interleaved product code to obtain the second product code.

4. The MIMO system according to claim 1, wherein: The sending module includes a layer mapping unit and a transmission unit, the layer mapping unit is connected to the signal processing module and the transmission unit respectively, and the transmission unit is connected to the receiving module, wherein: The layer mapping unit is configured to determine the target data based on a fading channel matrix and a noise signal; The transmission unit is configured to send the target data to the receiving module.

5. The MIMO system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The receiving module includes: a parsing unit and a decoding unit, wherein the parsing unit is connected to the sending module and the decoding unit respectively, wherein: The parsing unit is configured to parse the target data to obtain a bit log-likelihood ratio matrix corresponding to the target data; The decoding unit is used to decode the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

6. A data transmission method, characterized in that: include: Performing time domain coding and space domain coding on the bit stream information matrix based on the polar code to obtain a first product code; performing signal processing on the first product code to obtain a second product code; determining target data based on the second product code; The target data is parsed to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

7. The data transmission method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The polar code includes a first polaron code and a second polaron code, and performing time-domain coding and space-domain coding on the bit stream information matrix based on the polar code to obtain a first product code includes: Performing time-domain encoding on a first dimension in the bit stream information matrix based on the first polariton code to obtain a first codeword matrix; Performing spatial domain encoding on a second dimension in the bit stream information matrix based on the second polariton code to obtain a second codeword matrix; The first product code is determined based on the first codeword matrix and the second codeword matrix.

8. The data transmission method according to claim 6, wherein: The signal processing includes interleaving and modulation, and the second product code obtained by performing signal processing on the first product code includes: performing interleaving processing on all bits of each codeword in the time domain or the space domain in the first product code to obtain an interleaved product code; Modulation processing is performed on the interleaved product code to obtain the second product code.

9. The data transmission method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The parsing and processing the target data to obtain the bit stream information matrix includes: Analyzing the target data to obtain a bit log-likelihood ratio matrix corresponding to the target data; The codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix are decoded to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

10. The data transmission method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Decoding the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix to obtain the bit stream information matrix includes: performing time domain decoding and spatial domain decoding on the codewords in the bit log likelihood ratio matrix based on a sequence repetition node list decoding algorithm to obtain candidate codewords; Determining a first external message required for decoding based on the weights corresponding to the candidate codewords; Based on the first external message and the scaling factor, time domain decoding and spatial domain decoding are performed on the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix to obtain the bit stream information matrix.

11. The data transmission method according to claim 10, wherein: The determining, based on the weight corresponding to the candidate codeword, a first external message required for decoding, comprises: Determining the best candidate codeword and the worst candidate codeword based on the weights corresponding to the candidate codewords; A first external message required for decoding is determined based on an external message rule, the best candidate codeword, and the worst candidate codeword.

12. The data transmission method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The step of performing time domain decoding and spatial domain decoding on the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix based on the first external message and the scaling factor to obtain the bit stream information matrix includes: Based on the first external message and the scaling factor, performing time domain decoding and spatial domain decoding on the codewords in the bit log-likelihood ratio matrix to obtain an initial soft message; Determining a second external message after each update based on the weight corresponding to the candidate codeword after each update; Based on the second external message, the initial soft information is continuously updated until a stop updating condition is met, thereby obtaining target soft information; The bitstream information matrix is ​​determined based on the target soft information.

13. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the data transmission method according to any one of claims 6 to 12 is implemented.

14. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the data transmission method according to any one of claims 6 to 12 is implemented.

15. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the data transmission method according to any one of claims 6 to 12 is implemented.

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