Sequential gearbox

Abstract

A sequential gearbox comprising at least two rotary shafts on which gears are mounted and at least one gear selection device to allow selective engagement of the gears of the two shafts, the selection device comprising at least one engagement sleeve sliding on one of the rotary shafts and at least one shift fork for the sleeve, the shift fork is provided with an interaction portion which interacts with the sleeve and a portion which is slidably coupled with at least one movement rod of the fork such that sliding of the fork along the movement rod causes movement of the sleeve, the at least one moving rod is provided inside at least a portion of its extension with a conduit in operative connection with a lubricating oil distribution system, and wherein at least one channel is provided along the moving rod towards a surface of the first moving rod, the channel being adapted to allow the lubricating oil to flow out of the conduit, and wherein the at least one channel is adapted to allow the lubricating oil to flow out of the conduit. When the gearbox is installed, the channel is oriented downwards, so that lubricating oil flows out of the channel, is separated from the moving rod and falls downwards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mechanical transmission systems for vehicles, and more particularly, to a sequential gearbox and a saddle-type vehicle using the sequential gearbox. Background Art

[0002] As we all know, modern motorcycles are equipped with sequential gearboxes with multiple front engagements.

[0003] A gearbox has two or more shafts that carry gears (cogwheels). In practice, there's an input shaft for the power from the engine and an output shaft that transmits the power to one or more wheels of the vehicle via a transmission. Obviously, the input and output speeds vary depending on the set gear ratio.

[0004] To change the transmission ratio, the gearbox is equipped with an engagement fork equipped with a guide pin. This fork interacts with the gears of the gearbox via a sleeve that slides on a rotating shaft on which the gears are mounted. The fork is mounted on a rotating rod or drum, which is provided with a slot in which the fork's guide pin slides. By rotating the rod, for example, with the aid of a ratchet connected to the driver's gearshift lever, the fork moves along the rotating rod according to the shape of the slot (effectively a guide connection), thereby moving the sleeve on the shaft. The sleeve can slide axially on the shaft but is restricted from rotating integrally with the shaft. A gear (or two gears) can be mounted on the sleeve so that the gears can translate with the sleeve on the corresponding shaft and rotate integrally with the shaft. Other gears in the transmission are fixed to the corresponding shaft on which they are mounted (usually the input or output shaft of the gearbox), while other gears can rotate freely about the shaft but cannot translate on that shaft. Each sleeve is provided with an engagement system that engages in the axial direction with a gear wheel that rotates freely on the shaft, so that when the sleeve engages the free gear wheel, the free gear wheel is prevented from rotating freely and is forced to rotate integrally with the shaft. Different transmission ratios are thus generated depending on the different engagement combinations.

[0005] The gearbox is usually lubricated by introducing lubricating oil into the gearbox from a distribution system provided with a distribution pump. The lubricating oil is introduced into the gearbox through a small straight pipe parallel to the axis of the gearbox shaft and having an oil drain hole extending along the pipe.

[0006] However, such pipes can break, with the attendant risk of the pipe becoming loose or bending and interfering with the transmission gears.

[0007] Furthermore, due to the limited free space inside the gearbox, the location of the small straight pipes is restricted and thus the effect of lubricating oil distribution may not be optimal. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to solve the drawbacks associated with the lubrication of sequential gearboxes.

[0009] Related to this object, another important object of the present invention is to create a sequential gearbox that allows reducing the number of gearbox components.

[0010] Another important object of the present invention is to create a sequential gearbox that is reliable in operation.

[0011] Another important object of the present invention is to create a sequential gearbox with improved lubrication.

[0012] 14. The invention claims a gearbox comprising: a front-engaging gearbox comprising: at least two rotating shafts on which gears are mounted; and at least one gear selection device for allowing selective engagement of the gears of the two shafts, the selection device comprising at least one engagement sleeve sliding on the rotating shaft and at least one shift fork for the sleeve, the shift fork being provided with an interacting portion interacting with the sleeve and a portion slidably connected to at least one moving rod of the fork, so that the sliding of the fork along the moving rod causes the sleeve to move, characterized in that the at least one moving rod is provided with a conduit operatively connected to a lubricating oil distribution system inside at least a portion of its extension, and wherein there is at least one channel along the moving rod facing the surface of the first rod, the channel being suitable for allowing lubricating oil to flow out of the conduit.

[0013] Such a configuration allows the lubricating oil to be brought into the gearbox, optimizing lubrication and thus reducing the number of components inside the gearbox (eliminating the traditional lubricating oil pipes, which are actually integrated into the moving rod of the shift fork that moves the engagement sleeve).

[0014] Preferably, when the gearbox is mounted, the passage is oriented downwardly so that the lubricating oil flows out of the passage, separates from the movement rod and falls downwardly.

[0015] The gearbox is intended to be implemented, for example, when the vehicle V on which it is mounted is in the driving configuration (for example, when the axes of rotation of the wheels of the vehicle are substantially horizontal).

[0016] Preferably, when the gearbox is mounted, the kinematic rod of the shift fork is arranged at a higher level than the rotating shaft carrying the gear of the gearbox, so that the kinematic rod at least partially overlaps the gear mounted on the shaft, and the lubricating oil flowing out of the at least one channel is adapted to fall at least partially on the at least one gear mounted on the shaft and / or on the at least one sleeve and / or on the shaft itself. Preferably, the shaft is a different shaft from the shaft on which the at least one sleeve is mounted, the sleeve being moved by the at least one shift fork coupled to the kinematic rod provided with the at least one channel through which the lubricating oil flows.

[0017] This configuration allows for optimized lubrication to reach the most appropriate locations.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, at least one channel for letting lubricating oil out of a duct inside the moving rod is positioned above the sleeve so that lubricating oil falling from the moving rod lubricates at least the sleeve and preferably at least the area of ​​the sleeve that interacts with the interacting portion of the corresponding shift fork.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, at least one channel is provided in the vicinity of the sliding portion of the shift fork on the moving rod, such that the channel promotes lubrication of the surface of the moving rod on which the shift fork slides.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, the axis of at least one moving rod provided with at least one channel for lubricating oil and the axis of one of the rotating shafts are located in the same plane, and when the gearbox is arranged and installed, the plane is substantially vertical; preferably, the axis of the at least one channel extends in this plane so that the channel is arranged substantially vertically; preferably, on the moving rod provided with at least one channel for lubricating oil, a shift fork is slidably provided, and the shift fork is suitable for moving a sleeve arranged on a rotating shaft different from the rotating shaft on the substantially vertical plane.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, the gearbox comprises an actuating shaft adapted to interact with the at least one sleeve movement fork in such a manner that rotation of the actuating shaft causes the at least one shift fork to move along the movement rod; preferably, a coupling is present between the at least one shift fork and the actuating shaft, more preferably, the actuating shaft comprises a cam-shaped portion, and the at least one shift fork comprises a pawl adapted to slide relatively in the cam-shaped portion.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment, at least one gear wheel is integrated on said at least one sleeve.

[0023] In more detail, the present invention may relate to a sequential gearbox comprising:

[0024] - power input axis and power output axis,

[0025] - at least two rotation axes, namely a first rotation axis and a second rotation axis, the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis being parallel to each other,

[0026] a first assembly of first gear wheels mounted on said first rotating shaft, at least one first gear wheel and one second first gear wheel of said first assembly being free to rotate about the axis of said first rotating shaft independently of the rotation of said first rotating shaft itself,

[0027] - a second assembly of second gears mounted on the second rotating shaft, the two second gears of which are respectively engaged with the first first gear and the second first gear,

[0028] - at least first selection means for said at least one first first gear wheel and at least one second first gear wheel of the first assembly of first gear wheels, said first selection means comprising:

[0029] at least one first engagement sleeve that slides axially on the first rotation shaft and is forced to rotate integrally with the first rotation shaft, the at least one first sleeve being allowed to be coupled to / disengaged from at least the first first gear or at least the second first gear, such that when the first first gear or the second first gear is coupled to the first sleeve, the first first gear or the second first gear is adapted to rotate integrally with the first rotation shaft,

[0030] a first shift fork for said first sleeve, said first shift fork being provided with an interaction portion interacting with said first sleeve so as to enable said first sleeve to be moved along said first axis of rotation,

[0031] a first movement rod of the first shift fork, the first movement rod being parallel to the first and second rotation axes, the first shift fork being slidingly coupled to the first movement rod so that movement of the shift fork along the first rod causes movement of the sleeve coupled thereto on the first rotation axis,

[0032] wherein the first movement rod is provided with a conduit operatively connected to a lubricating oil distribution system within at least a portion of its extension, and wherein there is at least one channel along the first rod facing a surface of the first rod, the channel being adapted to allow lubricating oil to flow out of the conduit; preferably, the gearbox comprises an actuating shaft adapted to interact with the first shift fork in such a manner that rotation of the actuating shaft causes movement of the first shift fork along the movement rod.

[0033] Preferably, when the gearbox is installed, the first movement rod of the first shift fork is arranged at a higher height relative to the second rotation shaft, so that the first rod is at least partially positioned above the second gear mounted on the second rotation shaft, and the lubricating oil flowing out of the at least one channel is adapted to at least partially fall onto at least one second wheel mounted on the second rotation shaft and / or fall onto the second rotation shaft.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment, the gearbox comprises at least one second selection device for at least two gears of the second assembly of second gears mounted on the second rotating shaft, the second rotating device comprising:

[0035] - at least one second engagement sleeve which slides axially on the second rotation shaft and is forced to rotate integrally with the second rotation shaft, the at least one second sleeve being allowed to be coupled to / disengaged from a second gear mounted on the second rotation shaft and freely axially rotating, so that when the second gear is coupled to the second sleeve, the second wheel is adapted to rotate integrally with the second rotation shaft;

[0036] a second shift fork for said second sleeve, provided with an interaction portion interacting with said second sleeve so as to enable it to be moved along said second axis of rotation;

[0037] a second kinematic rod for the second shift fork, the second kinematic rod being parallel to the first and second rotational axes, the second shift fork being slidingly coupled to the second kinematic rod so that movement of the second shift fork along the second kinematic rod causes movement of the second sleeve coupled thereto on the second rotational axis;

[0038] Preferably, the gearbox comprises an actuating shaft common to both the first and second selection devices, the actuating shaft being adapted to interact with the first and second shift forks in such a manner that rotation of the actuating shaft causes the first and second shift forks to move along the corresponding movement rods; preferably, at least one second gear, preferably two second gears, are integrated on the at least one second sleeve.

[0039] Preferably, the at least one channel for letting lubricating oil flow out of the duct inside the first rod is positioned above the at least one second sleeve, so that lubricating oil falling from the first rod lubricates at least the second sleeve, and preferably at least the area of ​​the second sleeve that interacts with the interacting portion of the second sleeve / second fork.

[0040] Preferably, at least one of the channels is provided adjacent a sliding portion of the first fork on the first rod, such that the channel promotes lubrication of the surface of the first rod on which the first fork slides.

[0041] Preferably, the axis of the first movement rod and the axis of the second rotation shaft are located in the same plane, which is substantially vertical when the gearbox is installed; preferably, the axis of the at least one channel extends in the plane so that the channel is arranged substantially vertically.

[0042] Preferably, at least one first gear wheel, preferably two first gear wheels, are integrated on the at least one first sleeve.

[0043] Preferably, the gearbox comprises: a single first rotating shaft, whose axis coincides with the power input axis; and a single second rotating shaft, whose axis coincides with the power output axis; preferably, the first selection device for the first rotating shaft comprises a single first sleeve, wherein the first sleeve is integrated with two first gears, and the second selection device for the second transmission shaft comprises two second sleeves, wherein the two second sleeves are each integrated with a single second gear; preferably, the gearbox is a six-speed gearbox, and more preferably, the first rotating shaft is provided with:

[0044] - a first gear fixed to a first rotating shaft, the first gear being adapted to always rotate integrally with the first rotating shaft,

[0045] - said first first gear wheel being free to rotate about the axis of said first rotation shaft independently of the rotation of the first rotation shaft itself,

[0046] - the first sleeve, two third first gears integrated on the first sleeve, the third first gears being adapted to rotate integrally with the first sleeve,

[0047] - said second first gear wheel being free to rotate about the axis of said first rotation shaft independently of the rotation of said first rotation shaft itself,

[0048] - a further first gear fixed to the first rotation shaft, said further first gear being adapted to always rotate integrally with said first rotation shaft;

[0049] and wherein the two third first gears on the first sleeve are adapted to be laterally (i.e., axially) engaged / disengaged with the first first gear or with the second first gear by movement of the first sleeve moved by the first shift fork;

[0050] Preferably, on the second axis of rotation there are successively:

[0051] a first second gearwheel which is free, i.e. mounted on the second rotation axis so as to be able to rotate on said second rotation axis independently of the rotation of the same second rotation axis, but which is unable to move axially along said second rotation axis; preferably, said first second free gearwheel is engaged with a first fixed gearwheel mounted on the first rotation axis;

[0052] - a first second sleeve on which a fifth second gear is integrated so as to rotate and translate integrally therewith; preferably, said fifth second gear is engaged with a first free gear mounted on the first rotating shaft;

[0053] a second second gearwheel which is free, i.e. also mounted on the second rotary shaft so as to be able to rotate thereon independently of the rotation of this same second rotary shaft, but which cannot be moved axially along said second rotary shaft; preferably, this second second gearwheel engages with a third first gearwheel 1 which is integrated on the first sleeve provided on the first rotary shaft;

[0054] a third second gearwheel which is free, i.e. is also mounted on the second rotational shaft so as to be able to rotate thereon independently of the rotation of this same second rotational shaft, but is also unable to move axially along the second rotational shaft; preferably, this third second gearwheel engages with a further third first gearwheel which is integrated on a first sleeve arranged on the first rotational shaft;

[0055] - a second second sleeve on which a sixth second gear is integrated so as to rotate and translate integrally therewith;

[0056] a fourth second gearwheel which is free, i.e. also mounted on the second rotation axis so as to be able to rotate thereon independently of the rotation of the same second rotation axis, but which is also not movable axially along the second rotation axis; preferably, said fourth second gearwheel is engaged with a further first fixed gearwheel mounted on the first rotation axis.

[0057] According to a preferred embodiment, at least one auxiliary through-hole may be provided on the sleeve portion of at least one shift fork sliding on the at least one moving rod, and the auxiliary through-hole allows lubricating oil existing between the at least one moving rod and the sleeve portion of the at least one shift fork sliding on the moving rod to fall downward so as to further lubricate the components located below; preferably, the at least one auxiliary through-hole is inclined relative to the axis of the at least one moving rod.

[0058] According to a preferred embodiment, on the at least one moving rod, at a position preferably included in the travel space of the sleeve portion of the shift fork, an additional channel may be provided on the at least one moving rod, and the additional channel connects the interior of the pipe operatively connected to the lubricating oil distribution system with the surface of the at least one moving rod; preferably, on the inner surface of the sliding pipe portion of the at least one shift fork, a recess may be provided on the at least one moving rod to allow the presence of lubricating oil, and the additional channel faces the recess.

[0059] According to a preferred embodiment, the gearbox has, within the gearbox itself, a bottom portion below the gear mounted on the lowermost rotating shaft, said bottom portion being at least partially of inverse shape to said gear of the lowermost rotating shaft so as to form a recess below these gears, said recess being at a distance between 2 mm and 8 mm, more preferably between 3 mm and 7 mm, from the outer periphery of the respective facing gear.

[0060] Preferably, a protrusion is provided between two consecutive recesses, the distance between the protrusion and the outer periphery of the corresponding facing gear being between 2 mm and 8 mm, more preferably between 3 mm and 7 mm.

[0061] According to another aspect thereof, the present invention relates to a saddle-ride vehicle comprising an engine provided with a power output axis and a power transmission device from the engine to at least one wheel of the vehicle, wherein a sequential gearbox according to one or more of the above-mentioned preferred configurations is operatively arranged between the engine output axis and the transmission device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] The present invention may be better understood through the following description and the accompanying drawings, which illustrate exemplary and non-limiting embodiments of the present invention. More particularly, in the accompanying drawings:

[0063] Figure 1 shows a portion of an engine of a saddle-riding vehicle, partially sectioned along a vertical plane orthogonal to the engine axis, in which the gearbox according to the invention is visible;

[0064] Figure 2 Show Figure 1 a portion of the engine taken along a vertical plane passing through a power take-off axis of the gearbox, wherein the gearbox is associated with the portion;

[0065] Figure 3 An axonometric view showing a gearbox component according to the invention extracted from a gearbox;

[0066] Figure 4 shows a front isometric view of the gearbox components as shown in the previous figures;

[0067] Figure 5 A saddle-ride vehicle having a gearbox according to the invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] With reference to the aforementioned drawings, a saddle-ride type vehicle using a transmission according to the present invention is indicated by the letter V as a whole.

[0069] The vehicle V comprises an engine M, for example a combustion type engine. Figure 1 An engine is shown having cylinders and pistons which move a drive shaft operatively connected via a clutch to a gearbox 10 housed inside a case S, for example integrated into the engine housing.

[0070] The power output of the engine is associated with one operating end of the clutch, while the opposite operating end of the clutch is associated with a first rotating shaft 12 defining a power input axis X to the gearbox 10. On this first rotating shaft 12 (also called main shaft) is arranged a first assembly R1 of first gears.

[0071] In this example, the transmission is a six-speed type.

[0072] In this example, in the first assembly R1, six first gears are provided, which are mounted on the first rotating shaft 12. In particular, starting from the clutch and moving away from the clutch, there are provided in succession: a first fixed gear 13, which is adapted to always rotate integrally with the first rotating shaft; and a first first gear 14, which is free, i.e., mounted on the first rotating shaft 12 (e.g., via a bearing) so as to be able to rotate on the first rotating shaft independently of the rotation of the first rotating shaft 12, but cannot move axially along the first rotating shaft 12.

[0073] Downstream of the free first first gear wheel 14, a free second first gear wheel 15 is provided, ie also mounted on the first rotation axis so as to be able to rotate independently of the rotation of the first rotation axis, but also not to be able to move axially along the first rotation axis.

[0074] Following the free second first gear wheel 15 , a further first fixed gear wheel 16 is provided which is mounted on the first rotation shaft 12 so as to always rotate integrally therewith.

[0075] Between the first first gear 14 and the second first gear 15, there is a first engaging sleeve 17, which is mounted on the first rotating shaft 12 so that it can slide axially on the first rotating shaft but is prevented from rotating freely on the first rotating shaft, that is, when the first rotating shaft 12 rotates, the first sleeve 17 rotates integrally with the first rotating shaft.

[0076] Two third first gears 18 and 19 are provided at opposite axial ends of the first sleeve 17. The third first gears are integrated with the first sleeve 17 so as to rotate and translate integrally therewith.

[0077] The first sleeve 17 is adapted to be coupled or decoupled, on command, alternately with the first and second first gears 14, 15 by means of a coupling with engaging teeth. To this end, two sets of engaging teeth 18' and 19' are provided on opposite sides of the first sleeve and are oriented parallel to the axis of the first rotation shaft 12, or, when the sleeve 17 moves on the first rotation shaft, the two sets of engaging teeth are adapted to enter corresponding engaging seats 14', 15' formed in the free first gear 14 and the free second gear 15, respectively. Thus, when the first sleeve 17 is positioned adjacent to the first and second first gears 14, the latter is forced to rotate integrally with the first sleeve or with the first rotation shaft 12. Similarly, when the first sleeve 17 is positioned adjacent to the second gear 15, the second gear is forced to rotate integrally with the first sleeve or with the first rotation shaft 12. The first sleeve 17 can also have a third position, namely a neutral position relative to the first and second first gears 14, 15, in which it is not coupled to either of the two gears just mentioned.

[0078] The first selection sleeve 17 is part of a first selection device 20 for the first first gear wheel 14 and the second first gear wheel 15 of the first assembly R1 of first gear wheels.

[0079] A first fork 21 for moving the first sleeve 17 along the first axis of rotation 12 also forms part of this first selection means 20. In order to enable this sleeve to move, the first fork 21 is provided with an interaction portion 22 having a fork-like shape (i.e. a "C" shape) to be housed in the annular groove 17A of the sleeve 17 itself.

[0080] The first selection device 20 further includes a first movement rod 23 for the first fork 21. The first rod 23 is parallel to the first rotation axis 12, and a sleeve-shaped sliding portion 24 of the first fork 21 is slidably coupled to the first rod. The movement of the sliding sleeve portion 24 of the first fork 21 along the first movement rod 23 is controlled, for example, by an actuating shaft 25 (only in the case of the first fork 21). Figure 1 and Figure 4 The actuation shaft 25 is realized by a rotation axis parallel to the first movement rod 23 (visible in FIG). This actuation shaft can be manipulated by the driver of the vehicle V (for example, using a gear lever), or can be automatically controlled by software integrated into the vehicle's control unit. In practice, the actuation shaft 25 is adapted to interact with the first movement fork 21, for example, so that rotation of the actuation shaft causes the first fork to move along the first movement rod 23 (and therefore causes the associated sleeve to move along the corresponding rotation axis).

[0081] For example, there is a cam coupling between the sleeve portion 24 of the first shift fork 21 and the actuating shaft 25 (for example, the actuating shaft 25 includes a cam-shaped portion 26, and the first shift fork 21 includes a pawl 27 located on the outside of the sleeve portion 24, and the pawl is suitable for relatively sliding in the cam-shaped portion 26). When the actuating shaft 25 rotates, the cam coupling forces the first shift fork 21 to move parallel to the axis of the first rod 23.

[0082] In this example, the power take-off axis Y of the gearbox is formed by a second rotational axis 30 (also called layshaft) parallel to the first rotational axis 12, on which the second set R2 of second gear wheels is arranged. In this example, there are six second gear wheels.

[0083] In particular, on the second rotating shaft 30, starting from the clutch and away from the clutch, there is a first second gearwheel 31, which is free, that is, it is mounted on the second rotating shaft 30 so as to be able to rotate on the second rotating shaft independently of the rotation of the second rotating shaft, but cannot move axially along the second rotating shaft; this free first second gearwheel 31 is engaged with the first fixed gearwheel 13 mounted on the first rotating shaft 12.

[0084] Along the second rotational axis 30, downstream of the free first second gearwheel 31, a second second gearwheel 32 is provided. This second second gearwheel 32 is free, i.e., it is also mounted on the second rotational axis 30 so as to be able to rotate on the second rotational axis independently of the rotation of the second rotational axis 30, but is also unable to move axially along the second rotational axis. This second second gearwheel 32 engages with the third first gearwheel 18 integrated on the first sleeve 17 provided on the first rotational axis 12.

[0085] Furthermore, a free third second gearwheel 33 is provided along the second rotational axis 30, immediately downstream of the free second second gearwheel 32. This third second gearwheel 33 is also mounted on the second rotational axis 30 so as to be rotatable on the second rotational axis independently of the rotation of the second rotational axis 30, but is also unable to move axially along the second rotational axis. This third second gearwheel 33 engages with a further third first gearwheel 19 which is integrated into the first sleeve 17 provided on the first rotational axis 12.

[0086] Furthermore, along the second rotational axis 30, downstream of the free third second gearwheel 33, a fourth second gearwheel 34 is provided. This fourth second gearwheel 34 is free, i.e., it is also mounted on the second rotational axis 30 so as to be able to rotate on the second rotational axis independently of the rotation of the second rotational axis, but is also unable to move axially along the second rotational axis. This fourth second gearwheel 34 engages with the further first fixed gearwheel 16 mounted on the first rotational axis 12.

[0087] Between the first-second gear 31 and the free second-second gear 32, there is a first-second engagement sleeve 35, which is mounted on the second rotating shaft 30 so that it can slide axially on the second rotating shaft, but is prevented from rotating freely on the second rotating shaft, that is, when the second rotating shaft 30 rotates, the first-second sleeve 35 rotates integrally with the second rotating shaft.

[0088] A fifth second gear 36 is integrated on the first second sleeve 35 so as to rotate and translate integrally therewith. The fifth second gear 36 engages with the free first gear 14 mounted on the first rotating shaft 12 .

[0089] Similar to the first sleeve 17 described above, the first-second sleeve 35 is adapted to be coupled and disengaged with the free first-second gear 31 or the free second-second gear 32 by means of a clutch tooth coupling, upon command. Consequently, two sets of coupling teeth 36 ′, 36 ″ are provided on opposite sides of the first-second sleeve 35 and are directed parallel to the axis of the second rotation shaft 30, or, when the sleeve moves on the second rotation shaft, the two sets of coupling teeth are adapted to enter corresponding engagement seats 31 ′ and 32 ′ formed in the free first-second gear 31 and the free second-second gear 32, respectively, so that when the first-second sleeve 35 is arranged adjacent to the first-second gear 31, the first-second gear is forced to rotate integrally with the first-second sleeve or with the second rotation shaft 30. Similarly, when the first-second sleeve 35 is adjacent to the second-second gear 32, the second-second gear is forced to rotate integrally with the first-second sleeve or with the second rotation shaft 30. The first-second sleeve 35 can also have a third position, namely a neutral position relative to the first-second gear 31 and the second-second gear 32, i.e., it is not coupled to either of the two gears just mentioned.

[0090] Similar to the first sleeve 17 , the first second selection sleeve 35 is part of a second selection device 40 for the first second gear wheel 31 and the second second gear wheel 32 of the second set of gear wheels R2 .

[0091] A first second fork 41 for moving the first second sleeve 35 along the second rotation axis 30 also forms part of this second selection means 40. In order to be able to move the sleeve, the first second fork 41 is provided with an interaction portion 42 having a fork shape (e.g. a "C" shape) to be housed in an annular groove in the sleeve itself.

[0092] The second selection device 40 also includes a second movement rod 43 for the first-second shift fork 41. This second rod 43 is parallel to the second rotational axis 30. The first-second shift fork 41 is arranged to slide on the second rod 43 and is arranged in a manner similar to that provided for the first rod 23. In practice, the first-second shift fork 41 is slidingly coupled to the second rod 43, so that movement of the first-second shift fork 41 on the second rod 43 causes a consequent coordinated movement of the first-second sleeve 35 coupled thereto on the second rotational axis 30 (i.e., in the same direction as the direction of the shift fork movement).

[0093] The connection between the second rod 43 and the first second shift fork 41 is similar to the connection between the first rod 23 and the first shift fork 21 , and will not be described in detail here.

[0094] The movement of the first and second shift forks 41 is similar to that of the first shift fork 21. For example, the same actuation shaft 25 is adapted to also interact with the first and second movement forks 41, so that rotation of the actuation shaft causes the first and second shift forks 41 to move along the second movement rod 43 (and thus causes the associated sleeve to move along the corresponding rotation axis).

[0095] For example, there is a cam coupling between the sleeve portion 45 of the first-second shift fork 41 and the actuating shaft 25 (for example, the actuating shaft 25 includes a cam-shaped portion 46, and the first-second shift fork 41 includes a pawl 47 located on the outside of the sleeve portion 45, and the pawl is suitable for relatively sliding in the cam-shaped portion 46). When the actuating shaft 25 rotates, the cam coupling forces the first-second shift fork 41 to move parallel to the axis of the second movement rod 43.

[0096] Similarly, a second second sleeve 50 is disposed between the free third second gear 33 and the free fourth second gear 34. This second second sleeve 50 is similar to the first second sleeve 35. The sixth second gear 37 is integrated into the second second sleeve 50 so as to rotate and translate integrally therewith. This sixth second gear 37 engages with the free second first gear 15 mounted on the first rotating shaft 12.

[0097] The second second sleeve 50 is adapted to be coupled or decoupled on command with the free third second gear 33 or with the free fourth second gear 34 by engaging tooth coupling, like the sleeves described further above, so a detailed description is omitted.

[0098] Similar to the first-second sleeve 35, the second-second sleeve 50 is part of the second selection mechanism 40. Therefore, a second-second shift fork 51 is provided, which includes a sleeve-shaped sliding portion 52 and a fork-shaped interacting portion 53 (e.g., a "C" shape with a groove provided on the second-second sleeve, similar to the first-second sleeve) that couples with the second rod 43. The interaction between the second rod 43, the second-second shift fork 51, and the second-second sleeve 50 is similar to the interaction between the first-second shift fork 41 and the first-second sleeve 35. For example, a cam coupling is provided between the sleeve portion 52 of the second-second shift fork 51 and the actuating shaft 25 (e.g., the actuating shaft 25 includes a cam-shaped portion 56, and the second-second shift fork 51 includes a pawl 57 located on the exterior of the sleeve portion 52, the pawl being adapted to slide relatively within the cam-shaped portion 46). Upon rotation of the actuating shaft 25, the cam coupling forces the second-second shift fork 51 to move parallel to the axis of the second movement rod 43.

[0099] In fact, in a known manner, the operation of the gearbox provides that, depending on the angular position of the actuating shaft 25 about its axis, the first sleeve 17 of the first selection device 20 and the first and second sleeves 35, 50 of the second selection device 40 are in predetermined positions. The various combinations of these positions allow a series of different transmission ratios (each consisting of a "gear") to be obtained between the power input axis X and the power output axis Y (six combinations, corresponding to the six gears in this example).

[0100] In order to lubricate the gearbox, a lubricating oil distribution system 60 in the gearbox is used to provide a supply of lubricating oil. Figure 2 The system, a portion of which is schematically shown in dashed lines, may include a pumping system for the transmission oil.

[0101] Advantageously, a conduit 60A operatively connected to a lubricating oil distribution system 60 is provided within the first movement rod 23. In this example, the conduit 60A extends along the axis of the first rod 23, entering from one end of the rod and terminating blindly within the rod. A plurality of channels 61, 62, 63, and 64 are provided along the extension of the first rod 23. These channels are, in effect, through-holes that connect the interior of the conduit 60A with the outer surface of the first rod 23, allowing the lubricating oil to flow from the conduit 60A and be distributed therefrom into the gearbox.

[0102] In a preferred example, such as the one described herein, the channels 61-64 are oriented downwards, so that the lubricating oil exits the channels, partially escapes the first kinematic rod 23 and falls downwards due to gravity (the flow of lubricating oil is schematically indicated by H). The high-low orientation refers to the state of the gearbox when it is put into operation, that is, when the vehicle V on which the gearbox is mounted is in the driving configuration, for example, when the axis of rotation of the vehicle's wheels is approximately horizontal.

[0103] In this example, the first rod 23 is conveniently arranged at a higher level than at least one axis, preferably at a higher level than the second rotation axis 30, such that the first rod 23 at least partially overlaps the second assembly R2 of gears, so that the lubricating oil flowing from the channels 61-64 at least partially falls on at least the second gear of the second assembly R2, or on the sleeve of the second assembly R2. Note that in this example, the axis lubricated by the lubricating oil is actually different from the axis associated with the selection device to which the first rod 23 belongs.

[0104] In this example, the axis of the first movement rod 23 and the axis of the second rotation shaft 30 are located on a plane, which is vertical or substantially vertical when the gearbox is in operation, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As clearly visible in.

[0105] Preferably, the axes of the channels 61 - 64 extend in this vertical plane and the channels are therefore arranged substantially vertically.

[0106] In practice, the release location of the lubricant can be chosen during the design phase so that it falls into a favorable location below.

[0107] In particular, the preferred location of the at least one channel 61-64 of the conduit 60A is, for example, a location that lubricates areas associated with the second sleeves 35, 50. For example, a pair of channels 61, 62 is disposed above the first second sleeve 35 for lubricating the first second sleeve, while a second pair of channels 63, 64 is disposed above the second second sleeve 50 for lubricating the second second sleeve.

[0108] More specifically, for each pair of channels 61 , 62 and 63 , 64 , the channels 61 , 64 are superimposed on the respective gear integrated on the respective sleeve 35 , 50 , while the channels 62 , 63 are superimposed on the area of ​​the respective sleeve 35 , 50 interacting with the interaction portion with the respective fork.

[0109] In a preferred embodiment, one or more channels 61-64 are provided on the first rod 23 so that they are located in the vicinity of the sleeve-shaped sliding portion 24 of the first fork on the first rod 23, whereby the channel or channels promote lubrication of the surface of the rod 23 on which the first fork 21 slides, thus making it possible to avoid the introduction of particularly hard materials into the bore of the first fork 21 in which the rod 23 slides.

[0110] In this example, the sleeve-shaped sliding portion 24 of the first fork 21 is arranged between the two pairs of channels 61 - 64 , close to them.

[0111] Conveniently, one or more auxiliary through-holes 24A may be provided on the sleeve portion 24 of the first shift fork 21. The auxiliary through-holes allow lubricating oil between the first rod 23 and the sleeve portion 24 to fall downwardly so as to further lubricate the components located below, such as the second-second gear 32 and the third-second gear 33. Preferably, unlike the channels 61-64 that are orthogonal to the axis of the first rod 23, these auxiliary through-holes 24A are inclined relative to the rod so as to guide the lubricating oil to a desired location.

[0112] In order to promote lubrication between the sleeve portion 24 of the first shift fork 21 and the first rod 23, and to increase the amount of lubricating oil that can pass through the auxiliary through-hole 24A on the first rod 23, an additional channel 65 can be provided at a position preferably contained within the travel space of the sleeve portion 24 on the first rod 23, said additional channel connecting the interior of the conduit 60A with the surface of the first rod 23. Conveniently, a recess 24B can be provided on the inner surface of the sleeve portion 24 to allow a small amount of lubricating oil to accumulate.

[0113] It should be noted that the end 23X of the first rod 23 (preferably the end opposite the lubricating oil inlet into the conduit 60A) is shaped to couple with a portion PX inside the transmission (e.g., a portion of the preselector plate) so that the angular mounting orientation of the rod 23 about its axis is unique, thereby ensuring that the lubricating oil passages 61-64 are correctly oriented downward. For example, this end 23X has a flat portion 23H, and correspondingly, the portion PX has a straight shape suitable for coupling with the flat portion 23H, so that the rod can be positioned in a single position against the portion PX without rotation.

[0114] Conveniently, the gearbox S located below the lowermost gear assembly (or, in this example, the second gear assembly R2) has a bottom portion that is at least partially the opposite shape of the second gear, so that these recesses and protrusions are formed below, and the distance between the recesses and protrusions and the outer periphery of the gear is particularly small. Lubricating oil tends to accumulate in the recesses, and the reduced distance between the base of the recesses and the outer periphery of the gear allows the outer periphery of the gear to collect lubricating oil during rotation, thereby facilitating lubrication and also facilitating the distribution of lubricating oil to the interior of the gearbox through tangential splashing caused by the rotational movement of the gear.

[0115] More specifically, a plurality of recesses are provided on the bottom of the transmission case S. In this specific example, there are three recesses and two protrusions.

[0116] A first recessed portion S1 is formed on the first and second gears 31. In this example, the first recessed portion corresponds to the gear with the largest diameter. For example, the distance between the base (i.e., bottom) of the first recessed portion S1 and the first and second gears is between 2 mm and 5 mm, more preferably between 3 mm and 4 mm.

[0117] The bottom of the transmission case S rises upward in a direction from the clutch toward the transmission case outlet to define a first protrusion S2 substantially facing the fifth second gear 36, and the distance between the first protrusion S2 and the fifth second gear is between 2 mm and 5 mm, and more preferably between 3 mm and 4 mm.

[0118] Starting from the first protrusion S2, the bottom descends to form a second recessed portion S3, which faces the second-second gear 32 and the third-second gear 33. In this case, the distance between the second recessed portion S3 and the third-second gear 33 (the larger of the two) is between 2 mm and 5 mm, more preferably between 3 mm and 4 mm, while the distance between the second recessed portion S3 and the second-second gear 32 is between 5 mm and 8 mm, more preferably between 6 mm and 8 mm.

[0119] Starting from the second recess S3, the bottom of the transmission case S rises upwards to define a second protrusion S4 substantially facing the sixth second gear 37, the distance between the second protrusion and the sixth second gear being between 2 mm and 5 mm, more preferably between 3 mm and 4 mm.

[0120] Starting from the second protrusion S4, the bottom descends to form a third recessed portion S5, which faces the fourth second gear 34, with a distance therebetween ranging from 5 mm to 8 mm, more preferably from 6 mm to 8 mm.

[0121] The lubricating system to which the pipeline 61 is connected can advantageously be pressurized by a suitable pump (not shown). A pressure reducer (not shown) can be provided at the inlet of the pipeline 61 to calibrate the correct pressure of the lubricating oil supplied to the pipeline.

[0122] In this example, only the first lever 23 of the first selector device is provided with a duct 61 with a channel for distributing lubricating oil into the gearbox. In other embodiments, a similar system (guided by at least one channel of various orientations as required) can be integrated into the second lever of the second selector device.

[0123] In addition, the lubricating oil distribution system can also be connected to an oil pipeline, which is located inside one or both of the rotating shafts 12 and 30, on which the gear assemblies R1 and R2 are present, and the oil pipeline is provided with at least one channel passing through the shaft to allow the lubricating oil to flow out of the oil pipeline and lubricate, for example, its desired surface area.

[0124] It should be understood that what is shown represents only possible non-limiting embodiments of the invention, and that variations in form and arrangement are possible without departing from the scope of the concept on which the invention is based. The sole purpose of any reference numerals that may appear in the appended claims is to facilitate reading the claims in light of the foregoing description and the accompanying drawings, and they do not in any way limit the scope of protection.

Claims

1. A sequential gearbox comprising:

18. The swiftly and minutely adjusting device for a wood-planer working table as claimed in claim 15, wherein said linking rod and said adjusting base are pivotally connected to each other with a bolt, and said bolt has a round shank to contact with said linking rod. said linking rod having a check valve in said linking rod and a check valve in said linking rod. said linking rod having a check valve in said linking rod.

2. The gearbox according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: When the gearbox is installed, the moving rod of the shift fork is arranged at a higher height relative to one of the rotating shafts, so that the moving rod is at least partially positioned above the gear mounted on the rotating shaft, and the lubricating oil flowing out of the at least one channel is suitable for at least partially falling onto at least one gear mounted on the rotating shaft and / or onto the sleeve and / or onto the rotating shaft; preferably, the rotating shaft is a different axis relative to the axis on which the at least one sleeve moved by the at least one shift fork connected to the moving rod provided with the at least one channel from which the lubricating oil flows is installed.

3. The gearbox according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein: The at least one channel for letting the lubricating oil flow out of the duct inside the moving rod is positioned above the sleeve so that the lubricating oil falling from the moving rod lubricates at least the sleeve, and preferably at least the area of ​​the sleeve that interacts with the interacting portion of the corresponding fork.

4. The gearbox according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein: At least one of the channels is disposed adjacent a sliding portion of one of the shift forks that slides on the moving rod, such that the channel facilitates lubrication of the surface of the moving rod on which the shift fork slides.

5. The gearbox according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein: The axis of the at least one moving rod provided with at least one channel for lubricating oil and the axis of one of the rotating shafts are located in the same plane, and when the gearbox is installed, the plane is substantially vertical; preferably, the axis of the at least one channel extends in the plane so that the channel is arranged substantially vertically; preferably, a shift fork is slidingly provided on the moving rod provided with at least one channel for lubricating oil, and the shift fork is suitable for moving a sleeve, and the sleeve is arranged on a rotating axis different from the rotating axis located in the substantially vertical plane.

6. Gearbox according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein: At least one gear wheel is integrated on the at least one engagement sleeve.

7. The gearbox according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein: The gearbox comprises an actuating shaft adapted to interact with the at least one sleeve motion fork so that rotation of the actuating shaft causes the at least one shift fork to move along the motion rod; preferably, a coupling is provided between the at least one shift fork and the actuating shaft, and more preferably, the actuating shaft comprises a cam-shaped portion, and the at least one shift fork comprises a pawl adapted to slide relatively in the cam-shaped portion.

8. The gearbox according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein: The gearbox comprises: A power input axis and a power output axis; At least two of the rotating shafts are respectively a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are parallel to each other, the gear is mounted on the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and includes: a first assembly of first gears mounted on the first rotating shaft, wherein the at least one first first gear and the at least one second first gear of the first assembly are free to rotate about the axis of the first rotating shaft independently of the rotation of the first rotating shaft itself; a second assembly of second gears mounted on the second rotating shaft, wherein the two second gears thereof are respectively engaged with the first first gear and the second first gear; at least one first said selection means for said at least one first first gear and at least one second first gear of said first assembly of said first gears, comprising: at least one first engagement sleeve that slides axially on the first rotation shaft and is forced to rotate integrally with the first rotation shaft, the at least one first sleeve allowing coupling / discoupling with at least the first first gear or with at least the second first gear, such that when the first first gear or the second first gear is coupled with the first sleeve, the first gear is adapted to rotate integrally with the first rotation shaft; a first shift fork for said first sleeve, provided with an interaction portion interacting with said first sleeve so as to enable said first sleeve to be moved along said first axis of rotation; a first movement rod of the first shift fork, which is parallel to the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis, the first shift fork being slidingly coupled to the first movement rod so that movement of the first shift fork along the first movement rod causes the sleeve coupled to the first shift fork to move on the first rotation axis, and wherein said first moving rod is provided with said conduit operatively connected to a lubricating oil distribution system inside at least a portion of its extension, and wherein there is at least one said channel along said first moving rod towards a surface of said first moving rod adapted to allow lubricating oil to flow out of said conduit; Preferably, the gearbox comprises at least one second selection device for at least two gears of the second assembly of second gears mounted on the second rotating shaft, the second selection device comprising: - at least one second engagement sleeve that slides axially on the second rotation shaft and is forced to rotate integrally with the second rotation shaft, the at least one second engagement sleeve being allowed to be coupled to / disengaged from a second gear mounted on the second rotation shaft and axially free to rotate, so that when the second gear is coupled to the second sleeve, the second gear is adapted to rotate integrally with the second rotation shaft, a second shift fork for said second sleeve, provided with an interaction portion interacting with said second sleeve to enable said second sleeve to be moved along said second axis of rotation, a second kinematic rod for the second shift fork, the second kinematic rod being parallel to the first and second rotational axes, the second shift fork being slidingly coupled to the second kinematic rod such that movement of the second shift fork along the second kinematic rod causes movement of the second sleeve coupled to the second shift fork on the second rotational axis; Preferably, the gearbox comprises an actuating shaft common to both the first selection device and the second selection device, the actuating shaft being adapted to interact with the first shift fork and the second shift fork such that rotation of the actuating shaft causes the first shift fork and the second shift fork to move along corresponding movement rods; Preferably, at least one second gear wheel, preferably two second gear wheels, are integrated on the at least one second sleeve.

9. The gearbox according to claim 8, wherein: When installing the gearbox, - the first movement rod of the first shift fork is arranged at a higher height relative to the second rotation shaft, so that the first movement rod is at least partially positioned above a second gear mounted on the second rotation shaft, and the lubricating oil flowing out of the at least one channel is adapted to at least partially fall onto at least one second gear mounted on the second rotation shaft and / or fall onto the second rotation shaft; - and / or said at least one channel for flowing out lubricating oil from said duct inside said first movement rod is positioned above said at least one second sleeve, so that lubricating oil falling from said first movement rod lubricates at least said second sleeve, and preferably at least the area of ​​said second sleeve that interacts with the interacting portion of said second sleeve / second shift fork.

10. A saddle-riding vehicle comprising an engine provided with a power output axis and a power transmission device from the engine to at least one wheel of the vehicle, wherein: A sequential gearbox according to one or more of the preceding claims is operatively arranged between said engine output axis and said transmission.

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